CN101357871B - Thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer with soil improvement action - Google Patents
Thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer with soil improvement action Download PDFInfo
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- CN101357871B CN101357871B CN2008101396087A CN200810139608A CN101357871B CN 101357871 B CN101357871 B CN 101357871B CN 2008101396087 A CN2008101396087 A CN 2008101396087A CN 200810139608 A CN200810139608 A CN 200810139608A CN 101357871 B CN101357871 B CN 101357871B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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Images
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermoplastic resin coating controlled release fertilizer with the function of soil improvement, which is prepared by the following processes: 1) tetrachloroethylene is added into a dissolved kettle according to the weight ratio of 1: 15 to 20 between the thermoplastic and tetrachloroethylene; the thermoplastic, attapulgite and polyethylene glycol are added into the dissolved kettle, and are dissolved by stirring so as to prepare coating mixed suspension; 2) gas is pumped into a fluidized bed, and granulated fertilizer is added into the fluidized bed in the fluidizedstate and preheated; 3) the coating mixed suspension in the dissolved kettle is pressurized, and is sprayed onto the surface of fertilizer particles by a nozzle in the fluidized bed, organic solvent volatiles quickly while the thermoplastic is left on the surface of the particles to form a smooth and compact film and the product of the thermoplastic resin coating controlled release fertilizer is obtained. The controlled release duration of the controlled release fertilizer can be long or short and the fertilizer has good function of soil improvement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Chemicals field, be specifically related to a kind of thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer product with soil improvement action.
Background technology
China's chemical fertilizer consumption amount accounts for the 20-30% of world Fertilizer total quantity consumed, ranks first in the world, and the chemical fertilizer this season utilization ratio average out to 50-60% of developed country, China's chemical fertilizer this season utilization ratio on average is merely 30-35%.The loss waste of macronutrient not only brings enormous economic loss to society, but also can cause serious environmental to pollute.At present, along with the continuous increase of fertilizer amount, devote exclusive attention to output and lay equal stress on both quality and quantity at agricultural-food, and the requirement of eco-friendly multiple target down, the modification problem of fertilizer just seems even more important.Exploitation slowly-releasing, release and release control fertilizer improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce environmental pollution, are simple measures, are particularly suitable for the national conditions of China.China's chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is lower than one of reason of developed country, is difficult to prove effective in China in the series that developed country the taked technology of applying fertilizers scientifically exactly.China peasant's level of education is low, and peasant household's land area is small and scattered, and planting system is complicated, and mechanization degree is low, and the farmingization service system is difficult to set up and put in place, and rational application of fertilizers is difficult to the service that the peasant provides convenience with other technical measures; In addition, in the developed area, be unwilling the time and efforts that in agronomy operation such as topdress, costs a lot of money of peasant.Therefore, be badly in need of a kind ofly collecting rational application of fertilizers, controlled-release technology is the materialization fertilizer product of one.The appearance of novel controlled release compound manure can not only improve utilization rate of fertilizer, guarantees grain security, reduces environmental pollution, has also satisfied peasant's actual demand.
Film-coated controlled release fertilizer is to be core with the granular chemical fertilizer; The top layer applies the inorganic substance or the organic polymer of one deck low water solubility or microsolubility; Change the stripping property of chemical fertilizer nutrient, prolongation or control fertilizer nutrient discharge, and make the supply of soil nutrient and the new-type fertilizer formulation that crop needs fertile requirement to coordinate.The kind of film-coated controlled release fertilizer; Divide from coated fertilizer; Can be divided into inorganics coated fertilizer and organic polymer coated fertilizer; The former majority is with mineral manure that contains certain nutrient or soil conditioner and so on material, and the latter includes organic synthesis thing of organic polymer, low water solubility or insoluble etc. as coated fertilizer.From the nutritive element kind of film-coated controlled release fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium macroelement and some trace elements be all at the row of research, still, mainly is to be main with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coating chemical fertilizer at present.
At present; The research of coating controlled-release fertilizer has both at home and abroad developed into a higher height, and Technology reaches its maturity, and the nutrient controlled release properties is good; The problem that production cost is high has obtained preliminary solution; Coated release-controlled fertilizer product has obtained preliminary popularization on field crop, obtained phasic results, but the selection of choice of Solvent, parameters Optimization and additive is the bottleneck that the fertile industrialization of restriction controlled release is produced all the time.
Attapulgite is meant with the attapulgite to be a kind of clay pit of chief component, and its aggregate is the earthy block configuration.China has a large amount of attapulgite mineral reserve.Attapulgite is viscosity and plasticity-when moist, and dry shrinkage is little, does not produce be full of cracks, because inner porous road, specific surface is big, and most positively charged ion, water molecules and a certain size organic molecule all can directly be adsorbed in the duct.The stable electrochemical property of attapulgite has good stability in antidromicity environment such as salt solution, and it also has the effect of good film forming properties and sterilization and disinfection.Based on this, it is widely used in chemical field as outstanding additive.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer material with soil improvement action.
Thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer with soil improvement action of the present invention, particle size range 1.0-5.5mm, total coating rate 6-14%wt, fertilizer releasing period 1-12 month, it was according to following prepared:
1) presses thermoplastics and zellon weight ratio 1:15-20; Add zellon to dissolution kettle, by weight, 6-7 part thermoplastics, 1-3 part attapulgite and 0.5-1 part clorafin are added dissolution kettle; Stirring and dissolving under 115-120 ℃ of temperature is processed the coating suspension;
2) feed gas to fluidized-bed, extraordinarily go into granulated fertilizer, make it be in fluidized state and be preheated to 45-50 ℃ by the 10-25 of thermoplastics weight;
3) dissolution kettle inner investment suspension is forced into 0.3Mpa～0.8Mpa; Be sprayed onto the fertiliser granulates surface through the shower nozzle in the fluidized-bed; Organic solvent volatilizees rapidly, and thermoplastics is then stayed the film that particle surface forms smooth densification, gets the finished thermoplastic film-coated controlled release fertilizer.
In preferred scheme, the characteristic of aforementioned thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer is, particle size range 1.0-5.0mm, and total coating rate 6-14%wt, fertilizer releasing period 1-12 month, according to following prepared:
1) presses thermoplastics and zellon weight ratio 1:18-20; Add zellon to dissolution kettle, by weight, 6-7 part thermoplastics, 2-3 part attapulgite and 0.8-1 part clorafin are added dissolution kettle; Stirring and dissolving under 115-120 ℃ of temperature is processed the coating suspension;
2) feed gas to fluidized-bed, extraordinarily go into granulated fertilizer, make it be in fluidized state and be preheated to 45-50 ℃ by the 20-25 of thermoplastics weight;
3) dissolution kettle inner investment suspension is forced into 0.3Mpa～0.5Mpa; Be sprayed onto the fertiliser granulates surface through the shower nozzle in the fluidized-bed; Organic solvent volatilizees rapidly, and thermoplastics is then stayed the film that particle surface forms smooth densification, gets the finished thermoplastic film-coated controlled release fertilizer.
In more preferred scheme, the characteristic of aforementioned thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer is, particle size range 1.0-5.0mm, and total coating rate 6-14%wt, fertilizer releasing period 1-12 month, according to following prepared:
1) press thermoplastics and zellon weight ratio 1:20, add zellon to dissolution kettle, by weight, 7 parts of thermoplasticss, 3 parts of attapulgites and 1 part of clorafin are added dissolution kettle, stirring and dissolving under 120 ℃ of temperature is processed the coating suspension;
2) feed gas to fluidized-bed, extraordinarily go into granulated fertilizer, make it be in fluidized state and be preheated to 50 ℃ by 25 of thermoplastics weight;
3) dissolution kettle inner investment suspension is forced into 0.3Mpa～0.5Mpa; Be sprayed onto the fertiliser granulates surface through the shower nozzle in the fluidized-bed; Organic solvent volatilizees rapidly, and thermoplastics is then stayed the film that particle surface forms smooth densification, gets the finished thermoplastic film-coated controlled release fertilizer.
Said thermoplastics can be selected waste or used plastics such as new LDPE (film grade), Vestolen PP 7052 or its mixture.
Unusual effect of the present invention is: the nutrient controlled release phase of product can and be added amendment and regulate according to membrane wrapping thickness; Can accurately be controlled at and not wait in 1 month to 12 months; Also can the product with different release period, different release characteristics be mixed according to a certain percentage in addition, simulate various crops, make various special coated controlled release fertilizers nutrient demand; Controlled release fertile nutrient release profiles and crop are matched to the nutrient absorbing curve, reach the purpose of the accurate controlled release of nutrient.The main mould material of this making method adopts and reclaims the waste or used plastics resin; The foam and the film quantity of domestic and international this recovery at present are very big; Be suitable for industrialization scale operation; The product of gained not only cost is low, and the quality of nutrient controlled release and effect are splendid, the more important thing is to utilize and reclaims waste or used plastics and can reduce serious day by day white pollution at present.The present invention uses attapulgite as the coating additive, has effectively improved the performance of coating.Because the attapulgite aboundresources, price is lower, and the cost that this has also reduced coating controlled-release fertilizer indirectly helps fertile the applying of controlled release.This controlled release fertilizer can effectively improve edaphic condition, reduces soil salinity and alkalinity, can necessary nutrient be provided for Different Crop.This product has carried out a large amount of pot experiments, field test and demonstration on crops such as paddy rice, corn, tobacco, peanut, wheat, cotton, strawberry, yam, multiple flowers, vegetables, fruit tree, lawn; Test-results shows; This product all has significant raising the output and synergism on above-mentioned crop, have popularizing application prospect very widely.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the product structure synoptic diagram with thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer of soil improvement action.Wherein, the 1st, the coating layer that controlled release is fertile, the 2nd, the fertilizer nuclear core that controlled release is fertile.
Fig. 2 is the nutrient releasing curve diagram of thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer 11-11-16 in 25 ℃ of water that has soil improvement action 2 months controlled release phases.
Fig. 3 is the thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer 43-0-0 nutrient release profiles in 25 ℃ of water that has soil improvement action 5 months controlled release phases.
Embodiment
Specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, but be not limited thereto.
Embodiment one: with the Vilaterm is mould material, the coated carbamide that to produce total coating rate be 13.8%wt.
Step is following:
1) the 1500kg zellon is joined dissolution kettle, 100kg Vilaterm, 33kg attapulgite and 5kg clorafin are added dissolution kettle, stirring and dissolving under 110 ℃ of temperature is processed the coating suspension;
2) to the fluidized-bed bubbling air, adding 1000kg granulated fertilizer makes it be in fluidized state and is preheated to 40 ℃;
3) the coating suspension is forced into 0.3MPa, is sprayed onto the fertiliser granulates surface through the shower nozzle in the fluidized-bed, organic solvent volatilizees rapidly, and thermoplastics is then stayed the film that particle surface forms smooth densification, gets the finished thermoplastic film-coated controlled release fertilizer.The gas reusable edible after condensing and recycling that contains zellon.After step 3) finishes, continued fluidisation 3-5 minute, blowing gets into next loop cycle, can help the volatilization of solvent more.
Embodiment two: be solvent with the zellon, with Vilaterm and the total coating rate of the polypropylene miser production coating complex fertilizer that is 6%wt.
1) the 2500kg zellon is joined dissolution kettle;
2) 100kg Vilaterm and polystyrene blends (70kg Vilaterm and 30kg Vestolen PP 7052), 40kg attapulgite and 10kg clorafin are added dissolution kettle, stirring and dissolving under 125 ℃ of temperature is processed the coating suspension;
3) to the fluidized-bed bubbling air, adding 2500kg granulated fertilizer makes it be in fluidized state and is preheated to 50 ℃;
4) the coating suspension is forced into 0.5Mpa, is sprayed onto the fertiliser granulates surface through the shower nozzle in the fluidized-bed, organic solvent volatilizees rapidly, and thermoplastics is then stayed the film that particle surface forms smooth densification, gets the finished thermoplastic film-coated controlled release fertilizer.
Embodiment three: with Vilaterm, the compound that to produce total coating rate be 8.35%wt is fertile.
1) the 2000kg zellon is joined dissolution kettle;
2) 100kg SE, 50kg attapulgite and 17kg paraffin are added dissolution kettle, stirring and dissolving under 120 ℃ of temperature is processed the coating suspension;
3) to the fluidized-bed bubbling air, adding 2000kg granulated fertilizer makes it be in fluidized state and is preheated to 45 ℃;
4) the coating suspension is forced into 0.8Mpa, is sprayed onto the fertiliser granulates surface through the shower nozzle in the fluidized-bed, organic solvent volatilizees rapidly, and thermoplastics is then stayed the film that particle surface forms smooth densification, gets the finished thermoplastic film-coated controlled release fertilizer.
Embodiment four: with Vestolen PP 7052, the compound that to produce total coating rate be 6.28%wt is fertile.
1) the 2000kg zellon is joined dissolution kettle;
2) 100kg Vestolen PP 7052,43kg attapulgite and 14kg clorafin are added dissolution kettle, stirring and dissolving under 120 ℃ of temperature is processed the coating suspension;
3) to the fluidized-bed bubbling air, adding 2500kg granulated fertilizer makes it be in fluidized state and is preheated to 50 ℃;
4) the coating suspension is forced into more than the 0.5Mpa, is sprayed onto the fertiliser granulates surface through the shower nozzle in the fluidized-bed, organic solvent volatilizees rapidly, and thermoplastics is then stayed the film that particle surface forms smooth densification, gets the finished thermoplastic film-coated controlled release fertilizer.
Test Example
The concrete effect of this product thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer is described with test below:
(1) test materials and design
Test is located at Longkou, Yantai, Shandong Province, and experimental cultivar is a Jimai 20; Supply examination controlled release fertilizer to be treated to controlled release Bulk Blending Fertilizer (24-10-18; Controlled release nitrogen accounts for 57%); Made by thermoplastic resin urea (43-0-0), Repone K composite fertilizer (18-18-18), Repone K (0-0-60) blending, supplying the examination common fertilizer is common urea (46-0-0), Repone K composite fertilizer (18-18-18), Repone K (0-0-60).Common fertilizer is pressed 225kg/hm
2Pure nitrogen level fertilising (N:P
2O
5: K
2O=2.4:1:1.8); Controlled release fertile 1 is identical with the common fertilizer amount of application; Controlled release fertile 2 reduces 30% than common fertilizer amount of application, and controlled release fertilizer is once to apply at wheat cultivation previous crops base manure, and common fertilizer is used to apply fertilizer by the peasant and is accustomed to respectively base manure and imposes at wheat during jointing stage.
(2) test-results: different fertilization is seen table 1 to the influence of wheat yield.
Table 1 different fertilization effect assessment
| Handle | Reduce amount of application (%) than common fertilizer | Than common fertilizer stimulation ratio (%) | Effect assessment |
| |
0 | 0 | Utilization rate of fertilizer is low, and suggestion increases fertilizer application frequency or uses new-type fertilizer. |
| Controlled release fertile 1 | 0 | 23.2 | Effect of increasing production is good, and input cost is higher, and is time saving and energy saving, can promote. |
| Controlled release fertile 2 | 30 | 11.8 | Effect of increasing production is obvious, and less investment is time saving and energy saving, is worthy to be popularized, and recommends. |
Fig. 2-the 3rd has the nutrient releasing curve diagram of the thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer material of soil improvement action, can find out that thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer of the present invention has good deenergized period, has well played controlled-release function.
The thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer material product that the present invention has soil improvement action meets the national sustained-controll-release fertiliser HG/T3931-2007 industry standard that played enforcement on October 1st, 2007; Improving crop yield, reducing aspects such as coating controlled-release fertilizer production cost and raising controlled-release effect, obtained outstanding technique effect.
Should be pointed out that embodiment is the more representational example of the present invention, obvious technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, and a lot of distortion can also be arranged.Those of ordinary skill in the art, with the present invention clear and definite disclosed or according to undoubted the obtaining of the written description of file, all should think the claimed scope of this patent.
Claims (4)
1. the thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer with soil improvement action is characterized in that, particle size range 1.0-5.5mm, and total coating rate 6-14%wt, fertilizer releasing period 1-12 month, according to following prepared:
1) presses thermoplastics and zellon weight ratio 1: 15-20; Add zellon to dissolution kettle, by weight, 6-7 part thermoplastics, 1-3 part attapulgite and 0.5-1 part clorafin are added dissolution kettle; Stirring and dissolving under 115-120 ℃ of temperature is processed the coating suspension;
2) feed gas to fluidized-bed, extraordinarily go into granulated fertilizer, make it be in fluidized state and be preheated to 45-50 ℃ by the 10-25 of thermoplastics weight;
3) dissolution kettle inner investment suspension is forced into 0.3MPa-0.8Mpa; Be sprayed onto the fertiliser granulates surface through the shower nozzle in the fluidized-bed; Organic solvent volatilizees rapidly, and thermoplastics is then stayed the film that particle surface forms smooth densification, gets the finished thermoplastic film-coated controlled release fertilizer;
Said thermoplastics is a waste or used plastics.
2. thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, particle size range 1.0-5.0mm, according to following prepared:
1) presses thermoplastics and zellon weight ratio 1: 18-20; Add zellon to dissolution kettle, by weight, 6-7 part thermoplastics, 2-3 part attapulgite and 0.8-1 part clorafin are added dissolution kettle; Stirring and dissolving under 115-120 ℃ of temperature is processed the coating suspension;
2) feed gas to fluidized-bed, extraordinarily go into granulated fertilizer, make it be in fluidized state and be preheated to 45-50 ℃ by the 20-25 of thermoplastics weight;
3) dissolution kettle inner investment suspension is forced into 0.3MPa-0.5Mpa; Be sprayed onto the fertiliser granulates surface through the shower nozzle in the fluidized-bed; Organic solvent volatilizees rapidly, and thermoplastics is then stayed the film that particle surface forms smooth densification, gets the finished thermoplastic film-coated controlled release fertilizer.
3. thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Said step 1): pressed thermoplastics and zellon weight ratio 1: 20; Add zellon to dissolution kettle, by weight, 7 parts of thermoplasticss, 3 parts of attapulgites and 1 part of clorafin are added dissolution kettle; Stirring and dissolving under 120 ℃ of temperature is processed the coating suspension;
Said step 2): feed gas to fluidized-bed, extraordinarily go into granulated fertilizer, make it be in fluidized state and be preheated to 50 ℃ by 25 of thermoplastics weight.
4. according to the arbitrary described thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that said waste or used plastics is new LDPE (film grade), Vestolen PP 7052 or its mixture.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101396087A CN101357871B (en) | 2008-08-28 | 2008-08-28 | Thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer with soil improvement action |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101396087A CN101357871B (en) | 2008-08-28 | 2008-08-28 | Thermoplastic membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer with soil improvement action |
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|---|---|
| CN101357871A CN101357871A (en) | 2009-02-04 |
| CN101357871B true CN101357871B (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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| CN102320895B (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-07-11 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Special controlled release fertilizer for leaf vegetables in conditioning-type facility as well as preparation and application methods thereof |
| CN104402658A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 钢铁研究总院 | Method for preparing organic coated controlled release urea from blast furnace slag |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1603288A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 山东农业大学 | Coated controlled release fertilizer of degradable film prepared by reclaiming thermoplastic resin |
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2008
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1603288A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 山东农业大学 | Coated controlled release fertilizer of degradable film prepared by reclaiming thermoplastic resin |
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| CN101357871A (en) | 2009-02-04 |
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Effective date of registration: 20240130 Address after: 276700 Xingda West Street, Linshu County, Linyi City, Shandong Province, No. 19 Patentee after: KINGENTA ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Guo jiahuodiqu after: Zhong Guo Patentee after: LIAONING KINGENTA ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING CO.,LTD. Address before: 276700 Xingda West Street, Linshu County, Linyi City, Shandong Province, No. 19 Patentee before: KINGENTA ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Guo jiahuodiqu before: Zhong Guo |