The HLA-B27 gene parting detecting reagent
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gene detecting kit of clinical detection purposes, especially relate to the dna microarray chip, this test kit can high-throughput, high-level efficiency, high specific are carried out somatotype to human leucocyte antigen B27 gene.
Technical background
HLA (Human leukocyte antigen, human leucocyte antigen) is human major histocompatibility system.Histocompatibility is meant organizes or during organ transplantation the degree that donor and receptor both sides accept between Different Individual.The donor-recipient organizes the incompatible reaction that causes; Be proved to be a kind of immunoreation; It is by cell surface allogenic antigen inductive; On behalf of individual specificity's antigen, this claim transplantation antigen or histocompatibility antigen, and the antigen that wherein plays a major role is claimed major histocompatibility system (MHS), and HLA (human leucocyte antigen) is exactly human major histocompatibility system.The HLA gene complex is positioned at human No. 6 karyomit(e) 6p21.3 zone, has height SNP (SNPs).There are a plurality of locus in HLA, and each locus has can be divided into multiple type, hypotype and allelotrope.
The biology of HLA and medical significance comprise immunological response, organ transplantation eliminating reaction and disease association property or the like.Aspect disease association property, first report psoriatic (psoriasis) patient of Russel carried HLA-B13 or HLA-B17 in 1972.After this find successively that a large amount of other diseases are relevant with specific HLA, wherein, HLA-B27 antigen is shown in about 90% ankylosing spondylitis patient, so that make the HLA somatotype have diagnostic value, even, can confirm the clinical difference between the disease subtypes earlier.For example, psoriasis vulgaris is relevant with HLA, and pustular psoriasis is quite different; Teenager's property insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is relevant with HLA-B8, HLA-Bw15 and HLA-B18, and late onset type mellitus do not have this being correlated with; The congenital adrenal hyperplasia disease of autosomal recessive inheritance is because 21-hydroxylase lacks.Use HLA antigen polymorphum and make colony's association analysis and family linkage analysis, find to have two hydroxylase sites (21-OHA and 21-OHB) and HLA-B, DR close linkage, according to this, available HLA makes antenatal diagnosis.In orthogenics, can extrapolate the ill relative risk rate of child to some disease according to available data.On the other hand, about HLA and long-lived relation, also form a research focus.Therefore, the HLA of particular type just becomes the genetic marker of some disease.The cognation progress of HLA-DR4 and rheumatic and rheumatoid inflammation is very fast, has received the medical circle extensive concern at present, and begins the HLA-DR4 detection is used for clinical assistant diagnosis.
It is large-scale that HLA-B27 gene type belongs to of HLA-B locus, i.e. the HLA-B*27 type.In HLA-B*27 is large-scale, can be divided into numerous hypotype of 2701-2727 and allelotype again.
Ankylosing spondylitis (Ankylosing spondylitis is called for short AS) has another name called the similar rheumatism spondylitis.Modern medicine thinks that this disease is a kind of chronic, carrying out property and inflammatory diseases, and diseased region is mainly at articulatio sacroiliaca, backbone, the other soft tissue of backbone and extremities joint.Pathology often begins from articulatio sacroiliaca, upwards spreads to the other tissue of backbone and ridge gradually, causes bony ankylosis at last.Ankylosing spondylitis is the quite high a kind of disease of a kind of invalidity rate, and late period, the ankylosing spondylitis state of an illness can not reverse, and not only makes patient lose employment and work capacity, concerning family and society, also is a white elephant.But according to existing Case definition, in case be diagnosed as ankylosing spondylitis, its course of disease all gets into late period.Therefore, early diagnosis has become the task of top priority.
The cause of disease of ankylosing spondylitis is not clear and definite fully as yet.But should disease and the relation of human leucocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) very close.Incidence can be up to more than 90% in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and in the general population, only has 3% positive.The relative risk that the positive carrier of HLA-B27 suffers from ankylosing spondylitis is 87.4:1.Chinese HLA-B27 is positive, and ratio is about 3%, and the AS morbidity is about 0.2%, and prompting exists inherited genetic factors or the external cause beyond the HLA-B27 ill relevant with AS.Research recently shows that there are many gene hypotypes in HLA-B27, and that finds at present has 27 kinds at least, and range gene hypotype distribution proportion in various nationalities crowd is different.With AS ill closely related also only be several HLA-B27 gene hypotypes, most of HLA-B27 gene hypotype and AS are ill irrelevant.This discovers and has disclosed, the reason of huge spread between current HLA-B27 positive rate and AS morbidity, and AS morbidity otherness reason between various nationalities.Cipriani etc. discover that to Zulian crowd HLA-B27 gene hypotype it mainly is B2705 (68.8%) and B2702 (31.2%) that AS suffers from the patient, and normal population HLA-B27 gene hypotype mainly is B2708.Sampaio-Barros etc. discover that to Belgian AS patient HLA-B2705 mainly carries molecule, accounts for 92.5%, and B2706, B2707 and AS morbidity are irrelevant.The patients with ankylosing spondylitis in native country, Taiwan, the positive ratio of HLA-B27 is up to 95%, and wherein 2704 hypotypes have accounted for most (89%), minority is 2705 types (11%) in addition.
Nearly 10 years, it was unique possible pathogenic structure that the tetrad structure of HLA-B27 often is mistaken as, and became the basis of many researchs.Mostly HLA-B27 mediation sacroiliitis also is that with the form of its light chain and free heavy chain dimeric structure is relevant not only through its HLA-I quasi-molecule structure.1~7 amino acid whose difference is arranged between each hypotype of HLA-B27, and the result of study of the degree that each hypotype is relevant with AS is following:
B
*2705 is ancient hypotypes, is most commonly in white people, with AS dependency is highly arranged.B
*2705 further are divided into B again
*27052, B
*27053 and B
*27054.
B
*2704 also is a kind of common hypotype, particularly in the crowd of China and Japan, also relevant with AS.
B
*2701, B
*2702, B
*2703, B
*2704, B
*2707, B
*2708 and B
*2710 the frequency of occurrences compares B
*2704 or B
*2705 much less, but also relevant with AS.
B
*2706 and B
*2709 have been in the news and AS does not have dependency.B
*2706 are common in Thailand and Indonesian healthy population.B
*2709 are shown in the healthy population of Italian Sardinia 25%.
The early diagnosis of AS is very important, and still, present reagent for clinical diagnosis mainly leans on import, and price is high, and it is also low to detect flux, heavily hinder HLA-B27 and the detection of AS disease association property, has more hindered health check-up examination widely.
The present invention has well solved above problem, and HLA-B27 genotype tests of the present invention adopts the dna microarray of independent development autonomous production technological; Cost and price all reduces greatly; Not only can be good at being used for clinical AS auxiliary diagnosis, also can be widely used in health check-up and new person's examination of large units such as industrial and mining enterprises, army, sports institutes, when bringing economic interests for research institute; Also benefit society, produce obvious social.
The HLA-B27 methods of genotyping grew up since the nineties, mainly comprised PCR-SSP (PCR-sequence specific primers method), PCR-SSOP (PCR-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes method), SBT (PCR sequencing PCR), FCM (streaming method) method at present.By Hesperian minority business monopoly, China is in space state to these methods at present, fully dependence on import.Simultaneously, also there are some technical problems in these methods, such as primer too much cause faults, to detect flux too small or the like.
The dna microarray method is the novel gene typing that grew up in recent years; Compare other classifying method; Have characteristics such as high-throughput, intensification, low cost, high accuracy; Be that to melt microtronics, biology, physics, chemistry, computer science be the new technology that the height of one intersects, have great fundamental research and be worth to have tangible industrialization prospect again.Owing to can be fixed in extremely a large amount of probes on the upholder simultaneously with this technology; So once can carry out check and analysis to a large amount of biomolecules, traditional nucleic acid blot hybridization technique is complicated, deficiencies such as level of automation is low, the testing goal molecular amounts is few, small throughput thereby solved.And; Through designing different probe arrays, using specific analytical procedure can make this technology have multiple different using value; Like gene expression profile mensuration, sudden change detection, polymorphism analysis, genomic library mapping and sequencing by hybridization (Sequencing by hybridization; SBH) etc., the development for " post genome project " gene functional research in period and modern medicine science, medical diagnosis provides strong tool.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiency of present existing HLA-B27 methods of genotyping, the present invention is applied to 27 type gene types of HLA-B locus with the dna microarray technology, has developed a kind of novel gene type test kit.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: to genotypic second exon of HLA-B27, design one cover specific oligonucleotide probe (subordinate list 1) adopts Linomat device people; Probe is printed on the specific region of a slide, and every slide is printed 10 microarray matrixes, so just processes the dna microarray chip; A chip can detect 10 samples; Be equipped with other necessary component again,, form complete test kit like PCR primer (subordinate list 2).During actual detected, get 10 parts of human gene group DNA's solution, adopt CY3 labeled primer and asymmetric PCR method, amplify the second exon strand CY3 labeled fragment of people's gene group HLA-DRB1*04 gene.Get one of dna microarray chip, add 10 kinds of PCR product 2ul and hybridization solution 8ul respectively at 10 hybridization regions.Chip is placed in the hybridization groove of automatic hybridization washing appearance, hybridization temperature is set at 52 ℃, and hybridization time 30 minutes dries up automatically.Take out slide, put into the GenePix4100A scanner and scan, operational analysis software carries out the view data conversion process to scan image signal, and analyzes generation sample gene type result.
This test kit adopts the dna microarray technology, can improve the detection flux greatly, and every slide can prepare the dna microarray that is used to detect 10 samples, generally is existing more than 10 times of detection technique.
Table 1 sequence oligonucleotide probe
Table 2 primer sequence
The present invention makes an explanation with the following example, and purpose is just in order to explain rather than limit by any way the present invention.
Below in conjunction with description of drawings practical implementation of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is HLA-b27 gene typing DNA micro-array hybridization region and probe microarray synoptic diagram
1 chip overall appearance
2 hybridization regions and probe microarray
Embodiment one
The design of method 1:HLA-B27 gene typing DNA micro-array PCR primer and oligonucleotide probe and synthetic
In order to adopt the 2nd exon of specific PCR amplification HLA-B27 locus, respectively in the position, top of the 1st intron end to the 2 exons, designs specificity 5 ' primer PB1 and at the 2nd exon terminal position design 3 ' primer PB2.Primer sequence is seen table 2.
To the polymorphum of HLA-B27 the 2nd exon genes sequence, design 19 kinds of typing probes, see table 1.
The preparation of method 2:HLA-DRB1 gene typing DNA micro-array
Adopt the automatic point sample instrument of gene chip,, process dna microarray 19 kinds of typing probes and two kinds of specific regions that contrast probe points system to slide.
(1) point sample probe solution: in probe dilution to 5 * SSC, 0.05%SDS solution, final concentration is 30uM;
(2) point sample matrix: (like Fig. 1) on slide, each probe laterally repeats 3 points in hybridization region with probe points; Hybridization region is divided into 10.
Embodiment two: adopt the HLA-B27 gene type to detect the dna sample that sample HLA-B27 gene type is got 10 parts of known types with dna microarray; Adopt the PCR primer of CY3 mark; Upstream and downstream primer 1:30 (molecule number ratio) asymmetric PCR method, the PCR loop parameter is: 94 ℃ 5 '; 94 ℃ 30 ", 58 ℃ 30 ", 72 ℃ 30 " and, 40 circulations; 72 ℃ 5 '.
Get a microarray slide, get 10 holes that 10 kinds of each 2ul of PCR product are added to chip respectively, add hybridization solution (5XSSC) 8ul in each hole again, chip is put in the groove of automatic hybridization washing appearance, sets 52 ℃ of hybridization temperatures, hybridization time 40 minutes.The washing and air-dry automatically of hybridization back.
Adopt the GnenPix4100A scanner, the scanning hybridization signal obtains the results of hybridization scintigram, and image transitions is become data.
Adopt analysis software, above data analysis is converted into the gene type of each sample, detected result conforms to sample protogene type fully.See table 3.
Embodiment has explained that product of the present invention is in the advantage (10 samples of one-time detection) and the safety (detected result conforms to former sample result fully) of detection accuracy aspect that detect aspect the flux.
Other compares this detected result of table 3 and the original genotype of sample
Sequence table
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