CN101352172A - 基于噻虫嗪的农药组合物 - Google Patents
基于噻虫嗪的农药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101352172A CN101352172A CNA2008102119626A CN200810211962A CN101352172A CN 101352172 A CN101352172 A CN 101352172A CN A2008102119626 A CNA2008102119626 A CN A2008102119626A CN 200810211962 A CN200810211962 A CN 200810211962A CN 101352172 A CN101352172 A CN 101352172A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- thiophene worm
- worm piperazine
- composition pesticide
- weight ratio
- chlorfenapyr
- Prior art date
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种农药组合物，更具体来说涉及一种包括增效有效量的噻虫嗪和选自阿维菌素、敌敌畏、溴虫腈和联苯菊酯的任一杀虫活性成分的农药组合物。其中，噻虫嗪与阿维菌素的重量比优选为50∶1～1∶1，更优选为35∶1～10∶1；噻虫嗪与敌敌畏的重量比优选为10∶1～1∶50，更优选为1∶2～1∶12；噻虫嗪与溴虫腈的重量比优选为30∶1～1∶30，更优选为20∶1～1∶1；噻虫嗪与联苯菊酯的重量比优选为20∶1～1∶5，更优选为15∶1～1∶1。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种增效农药组合物，特别是涉及一种包含噻虫嗪和选自阿维菌素、溴虫腈、联苯菊酯和敌敌畏的任一杀虫活性成分的增效农药组合物。
背景技术
噻虫嗪(thiamethoxam)是一种高效、低毒、广谱的新烟碱类杀虫剂，其作用机理主要是选择性抑制昆虫中枢神经系统烟酸乙酰胆碱酯酶受体，进而阻断昆虫中枢神经系统的正常传导，造成害虫出现麻痹机时死亡。噻虫嗪不仅具有触杀、胃毒和内吸活性，而且具有更好的安全性、更广的杀虫谱及作用速度快、持效期长等特点，是取代那些对哺乳动物毒性高、有残留和环境问题的有机磷类、氨基甲酸酯类和有机氯类杀虫剂的较好品种。噻虫嗪对鞘翅目、双翅目、鳞翅目，尤其是同翅目害虫有高活性，可有效防治各种蚜虫、叶蝉、飞虱类、粉虱、金龟子幼虫、马铃薯甲虫、线虫、地面甲虫、潜叶蛾等害虫及多种类型对化学农药产生抗性的害虫。噻虫嗪既可用于茎叶、种子处理，也可用于土壤处理。适宜作物为稻类作物、甜菜、油菜、马铃薯、棉花、菜豆、果树、花生、向日葵、大豆、烟草和柑桔等。
本发明人通过深入的研究证明，噻虫嗪和选自阿维菌素、敌敌畏、溴虫腈和联苯菊酯的任一杀虫活性成分复配对靶标害虫具有极强的增效作用，从而完成了本发明。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种混配比例合理，防治效果好，用药成本低的增效农药组合物。
本发明的另一目的在于提供由该农药组合物配制而成的乳油、可湿性粉剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮剂或水分散粒剂等剂型。
本发明的技术方案如下所述：
一种农药组合物，其特征在于含有增效有效量的噻虫嗪和选自阿维菌素、敌敌畏、溴虫腈和联苯菊酯的任一杀虫活性成分。
其中，噻虫嗪与阿维菌素的重量比优选为50∶1～1∶1，更优选为35∶1～10∶1；噻虫嗪与敌敌畏的重量比优选为10∶1～1∶50，更优选为1∶2～1∶12；噻虫嗪与溴虫腈的重量比优选为30∶1～1∶30，更优选为20∶1～1∶1；噻虫嗪与联苯菊酯的重量比优选为20∶1～1∶5，更优选为15∶1～1∶1。
本发明的农药组合物可按照本技术领域技术人员公知的方法配制成乳油、可湿性粉剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮剂或水分散粒剂等剂型。
除了活性成分之外，本发明的农药组合物中还任选包括助剂等。也就是说，本发明的农药组合物还可添加助剂等其他组分，以按照本领域技术人员的常规技术手段配制成乳油、可湿性粉剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮剂或水分散粒剂等剂型。
在上述剂型中，除活性成分外，通常都含有表面活性剂，而且根据不同剂型还可任选含有有机溶剂(或助溶剂)、载体(或填料)和水等，必要时还可加入抗冻剂、增稠剂、稳定剂、消泡剂、崩解剂等其他助剂。表面活性剂可以是非离子型或离子型的乳化剂、分散剂、湿润剂或渗透剂，也可以是两种以上表面活性剂复合使用。
所述的乳化剂可以是烷基酚聚氧乙烯(聚氧丙烯)醚、苄基酚聚氧乙烯醚、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、蓖麻油环氧乙烷加成物、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物，以及这些化合物的磷酸盐、烷基苯磺酸(钙盐或钠盐)或直接使用市售的乳化剂单体及复配产品。具体的例子如农乳500#系列、600#系列、1600#系列、NP系列、OP系列、AEO系列、700#、400#系列及其复配品种2201、0203B、2021B、4103等，这些均是本领域公知的乳化剂产品，市场有售。
所述的分散剂、湿润剂、渗透剂可以是木质素磺酸盐(钠盐或钙盐)、烷基萘磺酸钠、甲基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、亚甲基萘磺酸钠二丁基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、N-甲基脂肪酰基牛磺酸钠、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、聚合羧酸钠、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、茶枯粉、皂素、亚硫酸纸浆废液、脂肪醇硫酸盐、十二烷基磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸盐、渗透剂T、渗透剂OT、脂肪酰胺-N-甲基牛磺酸钠盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、拉开粉或JFC等。它们可单独使用，也可复合使用。上述表面活性剂均是本领域公知的物质，可通过各种商业渠道获得。
所述的溶剂、助溶剂可以是甲苯、二甲苯、氯苯、溶剂油、α-甲基萘、松节油、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、异戊醇、环己酮、异佛尔酮、苯乙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、N.N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、甲基溶纤剂或乙基溶纤剂等。
所述的抗冻剂可以是乙二醇、丙三醇、丙二醇、脲、甘油、乙醚双甘醇、聚乙二醇或异丙醇等。
所述的载体、填料可以是白炭黑、轻质碳酸钙、陶土、凹凸棒土、高岭土、硅藻土、膨润土、海泡石、沸石、石英砂或滑石粉等。它们可单独使用，也可两种或以上混合使用。
所述的崩解剂可以是海藻酸钠、羧甲基淀粉钠、硫酸胺、膨润土、尿素或氯化钙等。
所述的消泡剂有泡敌、硅酮类、C8-10脂肪醇、C10-20饱和脂肪酸类(如癸酸、硬脂酸等)及酰胺类等。
所述的粘结剂有淀粉、糊精、阿拉伯树胶，大豆蛋白、骨胶、硫酸钠、石膏、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、松香、石蜡、CMC或硅酸钠等。它们可单独使用，也可两种以上混用。
制剂中可以含有增色剂，例如无机颜料氧化铁，氧化钛或普鲁士蓝；有机染料，如阿利扎林、偶氮染料、金属酞菁或三苯甲烷染料。在水基制剂中，为防止发霉变质，可任选加入一定量的防腐剂，所述的防腐剂有苯甲酸钠、聚甲醛、山梨糖醇、甲醛水溶液、柠檬酸、对基苯甲酸甲酯、邻苯基酚钠、1、2-苯并异噻唑-3-酮等。
本发明具有杀虫活性的组合物的施用量需要根据主要条件如种群密度、核心作物的种类和耕作形式、天气条件、施用方式等而调整。在实践中，当本发明具有杀虫活性的组合物为乳油、可湿性粉剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮剂或水分散粒剂，可按对应的用量稀释后施于作物上。活性的组合物为可湿性粉剂、乳油、微乳剂、胶悬剂、水分散性颗粒剂等，可按对应的用量稀释后施于作物上。
本发明的优点在于利用两种活性组分混配产生的增效作用，提高了防效，减少了有效成分用量，延缓了害虫抗药性的产生，并减少对环境的污染。
具体实施方式
在下面的实施例中，对本发明的杀虫组合物作进一步的说明，但其活性成份及其配比、辅助成分及其添加量等都不限于以下实施例。另外，实施例中所用的百分比均为重量百分比，配比则为重量比，所使用的设备和仪器均为本领域技术人员熟知的。
制剂实施例1：噻虫嗪2％，溴虫腈4％，阴离子乳化剂500#6％，非离子乳化剂601#6％，SOPA3％，环己烷8％，甲醇10％，二甲苯补足至100％，将上述成分均匀混合并溶解，得到乳油。本制剂能有效地防治蔬菜小菜蛾、甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、各类蚜虫等害虫。
制剂实施例2：噻虫嗪5％，联苯菊酯10％，阴离子乳化剂500#8％，非离子乳化剂603#6％，非离子乳化剂700#2％，环己烷15％，甲醇5％，二甲苯补足至100％，将上述成分均匀地混合并溶解，得到乳油。本制剂能有效地防治同翅目的有害生物。
制剂实施例3：敌敌畏50％，噻虫嗪5％，阴离子乳化剂500#8％，非离子乳化剂602#6％，非离子乳化剂700#1％，环己烷10％，甲醇5％，二甲苯补足至100％，将上述成分均匀混合并溶解，得到乳油。本制剂能有效防治稻飞虱。
生物实施例1：联苯菊酯和噻虫嗪混用对茶小绿叶蝉毒力测定
在预备试验的基础上，将联苯菊酯原药和噻虫嗪原药用适量丙酮初步溶解后，并按既定的比例混匀成不同配比的母液。将各母液用蒸馏水配制成5个系列试液，浓度范围能引起供试昆虫死亡率达10％～90％，置烧杯中待用。采用NY/T 1154.1-2006推荐的点滴法，测定时，先把虫置于9cm培养皿中用CO2轻度麻醉，接着用1μL微量进样器把0.2μL药液点在虫体上，以0.2μL丙酮处理为对照。放湿润棉球保湿，每皿处理试虫20头，移入(28+1)℃、RH80％的人工气候箱中饲养。处理后48h，检查各处理的死亡虫数，死亡的标准为虫体不能活动的均判为死亡。用Abbott公式校正各处理的死亡率，用DPS软件计算LC50和毒力回归方程。参照NY/T 1154.7-2006采用孙沛云法求出各混配比例的共毒系数(CTC)，并评价二者混用的增效作用。结果如表1所示：
表1：联苯菊酯和噻虫嗪混用对茶小绿叶蝉毒力测定结果
噻∶联＝噻虫嗪∶联苯菊酯
生物实施例2：敌敌畏和噻虫嗪混用对稻飞虱的毒力测定
在预备试验的基础上，将原药用适量丙酮初步溶解后，并按既定的比例混匀成不同配比的母液。将各母液用蒸馏水配制成5个系列试液，浓度范围能引起供试昆虫死亡率达10％～90％，置烧杯中待用。采用NY/T 1154.1-2006推荐的点滴法，测定时，先把虫置于9cm培养皿中用CO2轻度麻醉，接着用1μL微量进样器把0.2μL药液点在虫体上，以0.2μL丙酮处理为对照。放湿润棉球保湿，每皿处理试虫20头，移入(28+1)℃、RH80％的人工气候箱中饲养。处理后48h，检查各处理的死亡虫数，死亡的标准为虫体不能活动的均判为死亡。用Abbott公式校正各处理的死亡率，用DPS软件计算LC50和毒力回归方程。参照NY/T 1154.7-2006采用孙沛云法求出各混配比例的共毒系数(CTC)，并评价二者混用的增效作用。结果如表2所示：
表2：敌敌畏和噻虫嗪混用对稻飞虱的毒力测定结果
噻∶敌＝噻虫嗪∶敌敌畏
生物实施例3：噻虫螓和溴虫腈混配对甘蓝蚜虫毒力测定
在预备试验的基础上，将原药用适量丙酮初步溶解后，并按既定的比例混匀成不同配比的母液。将各母液用蒸馏水配制成5个系列试液，浓度范围能引起供试昆虫死亡率达10％～90％，置烧杯中待用。然后参照FAO推荐的叶片浸渍法，进行室内毒力测定。在甘蓝地采集带蚜虫的叶片带回室内在双目体视显微镜下，用毛笔清除有翅胎生雌蚜及其它昆虫和杂质，保留个体大小基本一致的无翅蚜，连同叶浸于各稀释液中10S后取出，每处理50头左右，用吸纸吸干多余的药液，放入垫湿滤纸的玻璃培养皿内，每理重3次，以清水处理作为对照，置于(25±1)℃的温室内。处理后48h检查死亡、活蚜数，计算死亡率，用Abbott公式校正各处理的死亡率，用DPS软件计算LC50和毒力回归方程。参照NY/T 1154.7-2006采用孙沛云法求出各混配比例的共毒系数(CTC)，并评价二者混用的增效作用。结果如表3所示：
表3：噻虫螓和溴虫腈对甘蓝蚜虫毒力测定结果
噻∶溴＝噻虫嗪∶溴虫腈
生物实施例4：噻虫螓和阿维菌素混配对蔬菜蓟马的毒力测定
在预备试验的基础上，将原药用适量丙酮初步溶解后，并按既定的比例混匀成不同配比的母液。将各母液用蒸馏水配制成5个系列试液，浓度范围能引起供试昆虫死亡率达10％～90％，置烧杯中待用。然后参照FAO推荐的喷雾法，进行室内毒力测定。在蔬菜地采集蓟马带回室内，将叶片连同蓟马一起放入垫湿滤纸的玻璃培养皿内，在喷雾塔下以一定的药液进行喷雾处理。每处理重3次，以清水处理作为对照，置于(25±1)℃的温室内。处理后48h检查死亡数，计算死亡率，用Abbott公式校正各处理的死亡率，用DPS软件计算LC50和毒力回归方程。参照NY/T 1154.7-2006采用孙沛云法求出各混配比例的共毒系数(CTC)，并评价二者混用的增效作用。结果如表4所示：
表4：噻虫螓和阿维菌素混配对蔬菜蓟马的毒力测定结果
噻∶阿＝噻虫嗪∶阿维菌素
由上述表1-4可以看出，噻虫嗪和选自阿维菌素、敌敌畏、溴虫腈和联苯菊酯的任一杀虫活性成分复配具有显著的增效效果。
Claims (10)
1.农药组合物，其特征在于含有增效有效量的噻虫嗪和选自阿维菌素、敌敌畏、溴虫腈和联苯菊酯的任一杀虫活性成分。
2.根据权利要求1的农药组合物，其特征在于噻虫嗪与阿维菌素的重量比优选为50∶1～1∶1。
3.根据权利要求1-2的农药组合物，其特征在于噻虫嗪与阿维菌素的重量比进一步优选为35∶1～10∶1。
4.根据权利要求1的农药组合物，其特征在于噻虫嗪与敌敌畏的重量比优选为10∶1～1∶50。
5.根据权利要求1或4的农药组合物，其特征在于噻虫嗪与敌敌畏的重量比优选为1∶2～1∶12。
6.根据权利要求1的农药组合物，其特征在于噻虫嗪与溴虫腈的重量比优选为30∶1～1∶30。
7.根据权利要求1或6的农药组合物，其特征在于噻虫嗪与溴虫腈的重量比优选为20∶1～1∶1。
8.根据权利要求1的农药组合物，其特征在于噻虫嗪与联苯菊酯的重量比优选为20∶1～1∶5。
9.根据权利要求1的农药组合物，其特征在于噻虫嗪与溴虫腈的重量比优选为15∶1～1∶1。
10.根据权利要求1-9的任一权利要求所述的农药组合物配制而成的乳油、可湿性粉剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮剂或水分散粒剂。
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