CN101348931A - A method for preparing uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film by pulse electrodeposition - Google Patents

A method for preparing uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film by pulse electrodeposition Download PDF

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CN101348931A
CN101348931A CNA2008101198103A CN200810119810A CN101348931A CN 101348931 A CN101348931 A CN 101348931A CN A2008101198103 A CNA2008101198103 A CN A2008101198103A CN 200810119810 A CN200810119810 A CN 200810119810A CN 101348931 A CN101348931 A CN 101348931A
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zinc oxide
solution
nanorod array
electrode
pulse electrodeposition
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郭敏
张梅
杨传钰
王习东
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种脉冲电沉积制备均匀透明氧化锌纳米棒阵列薄膜的方法,属于纳米材料制备领域,依次包括如下步骤:将分析纯的氯化锌和氯化钾溶解于蒸馏水中搅拌,得到稳定透明的溶液后置于60~80℃的水浴中恒温,向此溶液中持续通入氧气;在三电极体系中,采用涂覆ZnO纳米粒子膜的ITO导电玻璃为阴极,铂片为对电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,在-0.8~-1.1V的外加电压下,控制通断时间比为ton/toff=10s/10s~1s/1s,进行脉冲电沉积ZnO纳米棒阵列薄膜。本发明通过调整前驱体的初始浓度以及脉冲电沉积的外加电压、电压的通断时间比、脉冲频率等控制因素,制备出直径小于50nm、长度均匀可控的透明氧化锌纳米棒阵列薄膜,有效地提高了氧化锌纳米棒阵列薄膜的质量。本发明工艺简单,可控性强,减少了能耗,能够满足大规模生产的需要,在太阳能电池、光电子、催化等领域有着广泛的应用前景。

Figure 200810119810

The invention discloses a method for preparing a uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film by pulse electrodeposition, which belongs to the field of nano-material preparation, and comprises the following steps in turn: dissolving analytically pure zinc chloride and potassium chloride in distilled water and stirring to obtain After the stable and transparent solution is placed in a water bath at 60-80°C to maintain a constant temperature, oxygen is continuously introduced into the solution; in the three-electrode system, the ITO conductive glass coated with ZnO nanoparticle film is used as the cathode, and the platinum sheet is used as the counter electrode , the saturated calomel electrode is used as the reference electrode, under the applied voltage of -0.8--1.1V, the on-off time ratio is controlled to be ton/toff=10s/10s-1s/1s, and the ZnO nanorod array thin film is pulse electrodeposited. The present invention prepares a transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film with a diameter of less than 50 nm and a uniform and controllable length by adjusting the initial concentration of the precursor, the applied voltage of the pulse electrodeposition, the on-off time ratio of the voltage, and the pulse frequency, etc. Improved the quality of ZnO nanorod array films. The invention has simple process, strong controllability, reduced energy consumption, can meet the needs of large-scale production, and has wide application prospects in the fields of solar cells, optoelectronics, catalysis and the like.

Figure 200810119810

Description

A kind of pulse electrodeposition prepares the method for uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of nano material preparation, particularly aqueous solution electrodeposition prepares the zinc carbonate nano film material of diameter less than 50 nanometers, length homogeneous and controllable.
Background technology
ZnO is a kind of novel I I-VI family wide bandgap compound semiconductor material of hexagonal structure, and energy gap is 3.37eV under the room temperature, and exciton binding energy has possessed the supremacy clause of emission blue light or near-ultraviolet light up to 60meV.(Vapor-Liquid-Solid VLS) has prepared height-oriented ZnO nano-wire array and observe photic Ultra-Violet Laser emission phenomenon under the room temperature to calendar year 2001 Yang etc. with the VLS method; Konenkamp in 2005 etc. make further research the photoelectric properties of ZnO nanometer stick array, ZnO nano wire/excellent array that this achievement makes people recognize high-sequential has important significance for theories and application prospect at aspects such as development nanoelectronic of new generation, opto-electronic devices, so the preparation of the ZnO nano wire/excellent array of high-sequential and property research are becoming the new research focus of chemistry, physics and Materials science.In recent years, people attempt preparing with different physics and chemical process the ZnO nanometer stick array of excellent performance, wherein electrochemical deposition method since its reaction conditions gentleness, experiment parameter be easy to control, be easy to advantage such as mass industrialized production and more and more cause people's attention.In recent years, more international research groups adopt constant potential electrodip processes or continuous current electrodip process (for example: 1. Pauporte, T. to prepare the ZnO nanometer stick array; Lincot, D.Appl.Phys.Lett.1999,75,3817. 2. Illy, B.; Shollock, B.A.; MacManus-Driscoll J.L.; Ryan, M.P.Nanotechnology 2005,16,320. 3. Cao, B-Q.; Cai, W-P.; Zeng, H-B.; Duan, G-T.J.Appl.Phys.2006,99,073516.).
The subject matter that adopts electrodip process large-area preparation nanometic zinc oxide rod array to exist at present is: the nanometer rod diameter is bigger, reaches the hundreds of nanometer and does not wait, and the diameter of rod fails to be effectively controlled; In addition, the speed of growth difference of nanometer rod causes the length height of rod not wait resulting uneven film thickness one; Secondly, in deposition process, easily introduce impurity, cause product impure.Above-mentioned shortcoming has restricted electrodip process in ZnO nano-device Development Application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes to adopt the method for square-wave pulse galvanic deposit,-0.8~-impressed voltage of 1.1V under, controlling factors such as the make-and-break time ratio of the starting point concentration by adjusting presoma and the impressed voltage of pulse electrodeposition, voltage, pulse-repetition, prepare the transparent film of diameter less than the nanometic zinc oxide rod array of 50nm, length homogeneous and controllable, improved the quality of nanometic zinc oxide rod array film effectively, not only can enhance productivity, energy efficient, and be easy to operate and control.
The method that the present invention's pulse electrodeposition in the aqueous solution prepares uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film in turn includes the following steps:
(1) analytically pure zinc chloride and Repone K are used dissolved in distilled water in electrolyzer, stir the solution that obtains stable transparent, the concentration of described liquor zinci chloridi is 0.0005~0.001mol/L, and the concentration of Klorvess Liquid is 0.1~0.8mol/L;
(2) above-mentioned solution is placed water-bath constant temperature, bath temperature is 60~80 ℃;
(3) in above-mentioned solution, continue aerating oxygen;
(4) adopt three-electrode system to carry out the square-wave pulse galvanic deposit, ITO conductive glass with coating ZnO film of nanoparticles is a working electrode, platinized platinum is a counter electrode, saturated calomel electrode is a reference electrode, carry out square-wave pulse galvanic deposit ZnO, add square-wave voltage and be-0.8~-1.1V, the make-and-break time ratio of voltage is t On/ t Off=10s/10s~1s/1s;
(5) conductive glass is taken out, after washed with de-ionized water,, make uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film in 60~80 ℃ of drying 30~60min of loft drier.
2, the method for preparing uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described oxygen should feed in solution 10~15 minutes before pulse electrodeposition in advance, in the process of carrying out pulse electrodeposition, and aerating oxygen in solution always.
The present invention is by the impressed voltage of reasonable setting pulse galvanic deposit, the make-and-break time ratio of voltage, size, precursor liquid concentration, reaction times and the temperature of square-wave pulse frequency, controlled the size of nanometer rod diameter effectively, and the speed of growth of rod, finally obtained the transparent film of diameter less than the nanometic zinc oxide rod array of 50nm, length homogeneous and controllable, the homogeneity and the transparency of nanometic zinc oxide rod array have been guaranteed, improve production efficiency greatly, saved energy consumption; This method easy handling can be used for scale operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts the nanometic zinc oxide rod array SEM photo of square-wave pulse electro-deposition method preparation.
Fig. 2 adopts the nanometic zinc oxide rod array XRD figure of square-wave pulse electro-deposition method preparation.
Fig. 3 adopts the nanometic zinc oxide rod array transmitted light spectrogram of square-wave pulse electro-deposition method preparation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with example the present invention is set forth, but therefore do not limit the present invention within the example ranges.
With scanning electronic microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmitted spectrum characterize structure, pattern and the transparency of the ZnO nanometer stick array prepared.
Embodiment 1:
(1) analytically pure zinc chloride and Repone K are used dissolved in distilled water in electrolyzer, stir the solution that obtains stable transparent, the concentration of liquor zinci chloridi is 0.0005mol/L, and the concentration of Klorvess Liquid is 0.1mol/L;
(2) get above-mentioned solution place 60 ℃ of constant temperature of water-bath to the reaction finish till;
(3) aerating oxygen 10 minutes in above-mentioned solution in advance before pulse electrodeposition, in the process of carrying out pulse electrodeposition, aerating oxygen in solution always;
(4) adopt three-electrode system to carry out the square-wave pulse galvanic deposit, ITO conductive glass with coating ZnO film of nanoparticles is working electrode (being negative electrode), and platinized platinum is counter electrode (being anode), and saturated calomel electrode is a reference electrode, under the impressed voltage of-0.8V, t is compared in control conduction time On/ t Off=10s/10s carries out pulse electrodeposition ZnO nanometer stick array;
(5) the ITO conductive glass is taken out, after washed with de-ionized water,, make uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film in 60 ℃ of dry 60min of loft drier.
Embodiment 2:
(1) analytically pure zinc chloride and Repone K are used dissolved in distilled water in electrolyzer, stir the solution that obtains stable transparent, the concentration of liquor zinci chloridi is 0.0006mol/L, and the concentration of Klorvess Liquid is 0.4mol/L;
(2) get above-mentioned solution place 70 ℃ of constant temperature of water-bath to the reaction finish till;
(3) aerating oxygen 14 minutes in above-mentioned solution in advance before pulse electrodeposition, in the process of carrying out pulse electrodeposition, aerating oxygen in solution always;
(4) adopt three-electrode system to carry out the square-wave pulse galvanic deposit, ITO conductive glass with coating ZnO film of nanoparticles is working electrode (being negative electrode), and platinized platinum is counter electrode (being anode), and saturated calomel electrode is a reference electrode, under the impressed voltage of-1.0V, t is compared in control conduction time On/ t Off=5s/5s carries out pulse electrodeposition ZnO nanometer stick array;
(5) the ITO conductive glass is taken out, after washed with de-ionized water,, make uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film in 70 ℃ of dry 40min of loft drier.
Embodiment 3:
(1) analytically pure zinc chloride and Repone K are used dissolved in distilled water in electrolyzer, stir the solution that obtains stable transparent, the concentration of liquor zinci chloridi is 0.0008mol/L, and the concentration of Klorvess Liquid is 0.8mol/L;
(2) get above-mentioned solution place 70 ℃ of constant temperature of water-bath to the reaction finish till;
(3) aerating oxygen 15 minutes in above-mentioned solution in advance before pulse electrodeposition, in the process of carrying out pulse electrodeposition, aerating oxygen in solution always;
(4) adopt three-electrode system to carry out the square-wave pulse galvanic deposit, ITO conductive glass with coating ZnO film of nanoparticles is working electrode (being negative electrode), and platinized platinum is counter electrode (being anode), and saturated calomel electrode is a reference electrode, under the impressed voltage of-1.1V, t is compared in control conduction time On/ t Off=1s/1s carries out pulse electrodeposition ZnO nanometer stick array;
(5) the ITO conductive glass is taken out, after washed with de-ionized water,, make uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film in 80 ℃ of dry 30min of loft drier.
Concrete experimental result
Adopt the square-wave pulse electrodip process, under above-mentioned test conditions, prepare ZnO nanometer stick array transparent film in all can be on a large scale, wherein, the rod mean diameter all less than 50nm, the height unanimity of nanometer rod, perpendicular to substrate grown, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.When lambda1-wavelength during greater than 400nm, the transmittance of ZnO nanometer stick array is all greater than 95%, as shown in Figure 3.
Detected result shows, adopt the method for square-wave pulse galvanic deposit, by the make-and-break time ratio of reasonable control impressed voltage, voltage, the size of square-wave pulse frequency, for constant potential and continuous current electro-deposition method, can control the size of nanometer rod diameter more effectively, especially Bang the speed of growth, finally prepare the transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film of diameter less than 50nm, length homogeneous and controllable, and do not have the existence of other impurity in the thin film composition that this method obtains, can be used for scale operation.

Claims (2)

1、一种脉冲电沉积制备均匀透明氧化锌纳米棒阵列薄膜的方法,其特征在于,依次包括如下步骤:1. A method for preparing a uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film by pulse electrodeposition, characterized in that it comprises the following steps in sequence: (1)将分析纯的氯化锌和氯化钾在电解槽中用蒸馏水溶解,搅拌得到稳定透明的溶液,所述氯化锌溶液的浓度为0.0005~0.001mol/L,氯化钾溶液的浓度为0.1~0.8mol/L;(1) Dissolve analytically pure zinc chloride and potassium chloride in an electrolytic cell with distilled water, stir to obtain a stable and transparent solution, the concentration of the zinc chloride solution is 0.0005~0.001mol/L, the concentration of the potassium chloride solution The concentration is 0.1~0.8mol/L; (2)将上述溶液置于水浴中恒温,水浴温度为60~80oC;(2) Place the above solution in a water bath to maintain a constant temperature, and the temperature of the water bath is 60-80oC; (3)向上述溶液中持续通入氧气;(3) Continuously feed oxygen into the above-mentioned solution; (4)采用三电极体系进行方波脉冲电沉积,以涂覆ZnO纳米粒子膜的ITO导电玻璃为工作电极,铂片为对电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,进行方波脉冲电沉积ZnO,外加方波电压为-0.8~-1.1V,电压的通断时间比为ton/toff=10s/10s~1s/1s;(4) A three-electrode system is used for square wave pulse electrodeposition, with the ITO conductive glass coated with ZnO nanoparticle film as the working electrode, the platinum sheet as the counter electrode, and the saturated calomel electrode as the reference electrode for square wave pulse electrodeposition ZnO, the external square wave voltage is -0.8~-1.1V, and the on-off time ratio of the voltage is ton/toff=10s/10s~1s/1s; (5)将导电玻璃取出,用去离子水清洗后,于干燥箱60~80℃干燥30~60min,制得均匀透明氧化锌纳米棒阵列薄膜。(5) Take out the conductive glass, wash it with deionized water, and dry it in a drying oven at 60-80° C. for 30-60 minutes to prepare a uniform and transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film. 2、根据权利要求1所述的制备均匀透明氧化锌纳米棒阵列薄膜的方法,其特征在于,所述的氧气应在脉冲电沉积前预先向溶液中通入10~15分钟,在进行脉冲电沉积的过程中,一直向溶液中通入氧气。2. The method for preparing a uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxygen should be injected into the solution for 10 to 15 minutes before pulse electrodeposition, and During the deposition process, oxygen was continuously bubbled into the solution.
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GB2469869A (en) * 2009-05-01 2010-11-03 Univ Bolton Continuous ZnO films
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CN102507531A (en) * 2011-10-28 2012-06-20 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Raman scattering enhanced substrate of zinc oxide-based semiconductor and preparation method and application thereof
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US9682346B1 (en) * 2016-10-20 2017-06-20 Sultan Qaboos University Nanostructured zinc oxide membrane for separating oil from water
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CN108588778A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-09-28 北方民族大学 A method of Low-temperature electro-deposition prepares orderly ZnO nanorod in flexible plastic substrates
CN113526541A (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-10-22 郑州大学 A method for electrochemical reduction-assisted preparation of ultrathin zinc oxide nanosheets
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CN103320827A (en) * 2013-06-13 2013-09-25 江苏大学 Preparation method of inorganic-salt-doped nano zinc oxide film
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CN108588778A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-09-28 北方民族大学 A method of Low-temperature electro-deposition prepares orderly ZnO nanorod in flexible plastic substrates
CN113526541A (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-10-22 郑州大学 A method for electrochemical reduction-assisted preparation of ultrathin zinc oxide nanosheets
CN113526541B (en) * 2021-08-24 2022-08-02 郑州大学 A method for electrochemical reduction-assisted preparation of ultrathin zinc oxide nanosheets
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