A kind of pulse electrodeposition prepares the method for uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of nano material preparation, particularly aqueous solution electrodeposition prepares the zinc carbonate nano film material of diameter less than 50 nanometers, length homogeneous and controllable.
Background technology
ZnO is a kind of novel I I-VI family wide bandgap compound semiconductor material of hexagonal structure, and energy gap is 3.37eV under the room temperature, and exciton binding energy has possessed the supremacy clause of emission blue light or near-ultraviolet light up to 60meV.(Vapor-Liquid-Solid VLS) has prepared height-oriented ZnO nano-wire array and observe photic Ultra-Violet Laser emission phenomenon under the room temperature to calendar year 2001 Yang etc. with the VLS method; Konenkamp in 2005 etc. make further research the photoelectric properties of ZnO nanometer stick array, ZnO nano wire/excellent array that this achievement makes people recognize high-sequential has important significance for theories and application prospect at aspects such as development nanoelectronic of new generation, opto-electronic devices, so the preparation of the ZnO nano wire/excellent array of high-sequential and property research are becoming the new research focus of chemistry, physics and Materials science.In recent years, people attempt preparing with different physics and chemical process the ZnO nanometer stick array of excellent performance, wherein electrochemical deposition method since its reaction conditions gentleness, experiment parameter be easy to control, be easy to advantage such as mass industrialized production and more and more cause people's attention.In recent years, more international research groups adopt constant potential electrodip processes or continuous current electrodip process (for example: 1. Pauporte, T. to prepare the ZnO nanometer stick array; Lincot, D.Appl.Phys.Lett.1999,75,3817. 2. Illy, B.; Shollock, B.A.; MacManus-Driscoll J.L.; Ryan, M.P.Nanotechnology 2005,16,320. 3. Cao, B-Q.; Cai, W-P.; Zeng, H-B.; Duan, G-T.J.Appl.Phys.2006,99,073516.).
The subject matter that adopts electrodip process large-area preparation nanometic zinc oxide rod array to exist at present is: the nanometer rod diameter is bigger, reaches the hundreds of nanometer and does not wait, and the diameter of rod fails to be effectively controlled; In addition, the speed of growth difference of nanometer rod causes the length height of rod not wait resulting uneven film thickness one; Secondly, in deposition process, easily introduce impurity, cause product impure.Above-mentioned shortcoming has restricted electrodip process in ZnO nano-device Development Application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes to adopt the method for square-wave pulse galvanic deposit,-0.8~-impressed voltage of 1.1V under, controlling factors such as the make-and-break time ratio of the starting point concentration by adjusting presoma and the impressed voltage of pulse electrodeposition, voltage, pulse-repetition, prepare the transparent film of diameter less than the nanometic zinc oxide rod array of 50nm, length homogeneous and controllable, improved the quality of nanometic zinc oxide rod array film effectively, not only can enhance productivity, energy efficient, and be easy to operate and control.
The method that the present invention's pulse electrodeposition in the aqueous solution prepares uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film in turn includes the following steps:
(1) analytically pure zinc chloride and Repone K are used dissolved in distilled water in electrolyzer, stir the solution that obtains stable transparent, the concentration of described liquor zinci chloridi is 0.0005~0.001mol/L, and the concentration of Klorvess Liquid is 0.1~0.8mol/L;
(2) above-mentioned solution is placed water-bath constant temperature, bath temperature is 60~80 ℃;
(3) in above-mentioned solution, continue aerating oxygen;
(4) adopt three-electrode system to carry out the square-wave pulse galvanic deposit, ITO conductive glass with coating ZnO film of nanoparticles is a working electrode, platinized platinum is a counter electrode, saturated calomel electrode is a reference electrode, carry out square-wave pulse galvanic deposit ZnO, add square-wave voltage and be-0.8~-1.1V, the make-and-break time ratio of voltage is t
On/ t
Off=10s/10s~1s/1s;
(5) conductive glass is taken out, after washed with de-ionized water,, make uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film in 60~80 ℃ of drying 30~60min of loft drier.
2, the method for preparing uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described oxygen should feed in solution 10~15 minutes before pulse electrodeposition in advance, in the process of carrying out pulse electrodeposition, and aerating oxygen in solution always.
The present invention is by the impressed voltage of reasonable setting pulse galvanic deposit, the make-and-break time ratio of voltage, size, precursor liquid concentration, reaction times and the temperature of square-wave pulse frequency, controlled the size of nanometer rod diameter effectively, and the speed of growth of rod, finally obtained the transparent film of diameter less than the nanometic zinc oxide rod array of 50nm, length homogeneous and controllable, the homogeneity and the transparency of nanometic zinc oxide rod array have been guaranteed, improve production efficiency greatly, saved energy consumption; This method easy handling can be used for scale operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts the nanometic zinc oxide rod array SEM photo of square-wave pulse electro-deposition method preparation.
Fig. 2 adopts the nanometic zinc oxide rod array XRD figure of square-wave pulse electro-deposition method preparation.
Fig. 3 adopts the nanometic zinc oxide rod array transmitted light spectrogram of square-wave pulse electro-deposition method preparation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with example the present invention is set forth, but therefore do not limit the present invention within the example ranges.
With scanning electronic microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmitted spectrum characterize structure, pattern and the transparency of the ZnO nanometer stick array prepared.
Embodiment 1:
(1) analytically pure zinc chloride and Repone K are used dissolved in distilled water in electrolyzer, stir the solution that obtains stable transparent, the concentration of liquor zinci chloridi is 0.0005mol/L, and the concentration of Klorvess Liquid is 0.1mol/L;
(2) get above-mentioned solution place 60 ℃ of constant temperature of water-bath to the reaction finish till;
(3) aerating oxygen 10 minutes in above-mentioned solution in advance before pulse electrodeposition, in the process of carrying out pulse electrodeposition, aerating oxygen in solution always;
(4) adopt three-electrode system to carry out the square-wave pulse galvanic deposit, ITO conductive glass with coating ZnO film of nanoparticles is working electrode (being negative electrode), and platinized platinum is counter electrode (being anode), and saturated calomel electrode is a reference electrode, under the impressed voltage of-0.8V, t is compared in control conduction time
On/ t
Off=10s/10s carries out pulse electrodeposition ZnO nanometer stick array;
(5) the ITO conductive glass is taken out, after washed with de-ionized water,, make uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film in 60 ℃ of dry 60min of loft drier.
Embodiment 2:
(1) analytically pure zinc chloride and Repone K are used dissolved in distilled water in electrolyzer, stir the solution that obtains stable transparent, the concentration of liquor zinci chloridi is 0.0006mol/L, and the concentration of Klorvess Liquid is 0.4mol/L;
(2) get above-mentioned solution place 70 ℃ of constant temperature of water-bath to the reaction finish till;
(3) aerating oxygen 14 minutes in above-mentioned solution in advance before pulse electrodeposition, in the process of carrying out pulse electrodeposition, aerating oxygen in solution always;
(4) adopt three-electrode system to carry out the square-wave pulse galvanic deposit, ITO conductive glass with coating ZnO film of nanoparticles is working electrode (being negative electrode), and platinized platinum is counter electrode (being anode), and saturated calomel electrode is a reference electrode, under the impressed voltage of-1.0V, t is compared in control conduction time
On/ t
Off=5s/5s carries out pulse electrodeposition ZnO nanometer stick array;
(5) the ITO conductive glass is taken out, after washed with de-ionized water,, make uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film in 70 ℃ of dry 40min of loft drier.
Embodiment 3:
(1) analytically pure zinc chloride and Repone K are used dissolved in distilled water in electrolyzer, stir the solution that obtains stable transparent, the concentration of liquor zinci chloridi is 0.0008mol/L, and the concentration of Klorvess Liquid is 0.8mol/L;
(2) get above-mentioned solution place 70 ℃ of constant temperature of water-bath to the reaction finish till;
(3) aerating oxygen 15 minutes in above-mentioned solution in advance before pulse electrodeposition, in the process of carrying out pulse electrodeposition, aerating oxygen in solution always;
(4) adopt three-electrode system to carry out the square-wave pulse galvanic deposit, ITO conductive glass with coating ZnO film of nanoparticles is working electrode (being negative electrode), and platinized platinum is counter electrode (being anode), and saturated calomel electrode is a reference electrode, under the impressed voltage of-1.1V, t is compared in control conduction time
On/ t
Off=1s/1s carries out pulse electrodeposition ZnO nanometer stick array;
(5) the ITO conductive glass is taken out, after washed with de-ionized water,, make uniform transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film in 80 ℃ of dry 30min of loft drier.
Concrete experimental result
Adopt the square-wave pulse electrodip process, under above-mentioned test conditions, prepare ZnO nanometer stick array transparent film in all can be on a large scale, wherein, the rod mean diameter all less than 50nm, the height unanimity of nanometer rod, perpendicular to substrate grown, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.When lambda1-wavelength during greater than 400nm, the transmittance of ZnO nanometer stick array is all greater than 95%, as shown in Figure 3.
Detected result shows, adopt the method for square-wave pulse galvanic deposit, by the make-and-break time ratio of reasonable control impressed voltage, voltage, the size of square-wave pulse frequency, for constant potential and continuous current electro-deposition method, can control the size of nanometer rod diameter more effectively, especially Bang the speed of growth, finally prepare the transparent zinc oxide nanorod array film of diameter less than 50nm, length homogeneous and controllable, and do not have the existence of other impurity in the thin film composition that this method obtains, can be used for scale operation.