CN101348912A - 带有其中填埋颗粒的陶瓷覆层的构件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

带有其中填埋颗粒的陶瓷覆层的构件及其制造方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101348912A
CN101348912A CNA2008102154174A CN200810215417A CN101348912A CN 101348912 A CN101348912 A CN 101348912A CN A2008102154174 A CNA2008102154174 A CN A2008102154174A CN 200810215417 A CN200810215417 A CN 200810215417A CN 101348912 A CN101348912 A CN 101348912A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nano particle
coating
outside surface
particle
pigment nano
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CNA2008102154174A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN101348912B (zh
Inventor
弗兰克·阿恩特
詹斯·D·詹森
厄休斯·克鲁格
丹尼尔·柯特维尔耶西
加布里埃尔·温克勒
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of CN101348912A publication Critical patent/CN101348912A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101348912B publication Critical patent/CN101348912B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
    • C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/1225—Deposition of multilayers of inorganic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
    • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
    • C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
    • C23C18/1262—Process of deposition of the inorganic material involving particles, e.g. carbon nanotubes [CNT], flakes
    • C23C18/127—Preformed particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
    • C23C22/74—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process for obtaining burned-in conversion coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/048—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material with layers graded in composition or physical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/284—Selection of ceramic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
    • Y10T428/257—Iron oxide or aluminum oxide

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种设有构成外表面(17)的陶瓷覆层(12)的构件(11)。按照本发明，至少在所述覆层的表层(13)中设有由CrCoAl氧化物或尖晶石类型的化合物组成的颜料纳米颗粒(15)和氧化铝纳米颗粒(16)。这种在覆层中的纳米颗粒的组合有利地使得外表面着色的耐热性达到迄今未知的1000℃。由此也可以使承受高热负荷的构件、例如燃气轮机的透平叶片或压缩机叶片设有耐高温的着色。这样这例如可以用于视觉检查。另外本发明还涉及一种制造本发明覆层的方法。

Description

带有其中填埋颗粒的陶瓷覆层的构件及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种带有构成外表面的陶瓷覆层的构件，在该陶瓷覆层中填埋了颗粒。
背景技术
在EP1096040A2、EP905279A1、EP995816A1、EP933446B1中记载了此类覆层。尤其在最后所提到的那篇文献中详细说明了，可以将颗粒形式的添加剂掺加到所述覆层中，以保证提供腐蚀抑制剂、干燥润滑剂、颜料的功能或这些功能的组合。
在制造这些覆层时添加分散体的颗粒，分散体构成涂层材料。将该涂层材料敷设到待涂覆的基底上，随后对该基底进行热处理，以使覆层硬化。与此同时在分散体中包含的成分发生化学变化，而这些成分有助于形成所述覆层的陶瓷结构。
业已证实，尤其对于采用的颜料，在对构件进行高温时效处理时或者在使其随后承受热负荷时遭遇化学变化，这样的化学变化还导致对外表面视觉印象的改变。这是由于在构件的逐渐使用过程中外表面的着色改变造成的。例如可以在燃气轮机的透平叶片或压缩机叶片承受高的热负荷的运行过程中进行这种观察。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种带有掺入着色颜料的陶瓷覆层的构件，该陶瓷覆层具有相当高的防止色变的耐温性。
上述技术问题按照本发明通过一种本文开头所述类型的构件这样得以解决，即，所填埋的颗粒为纳米颗粒，其中一方面采用氧化铝纳米颗粒以及另一方面采用颜料纳米颗粒，在这种情况下后者分别由CrCoAl氧化物或尖晶石类型的化合物组成以及在这种情况下一部分颜料纳米颗粒暴露在外表面上。令人出乎意料的是，本身已具有相对耐热性的所述颜料通过添加氧化铝纳米颗粒得以稳定，从而使颜料纳米颗粒在无颜色变化的情况下不仅能经受制造该覆层所需的热处理，而且也能承受经过长时间的运行后所产生的热负荷。用于制造覆层所需要的热处理典型地在400℃的情况下。若采用本发明的覆层作为燃气轮机的透平叶片或压缩机叶片的保护层，则温度可以直至达到800℃到1000℃，在这种情况下实验表明，在这样高的热负荷情况下外表面的着色也能保持稳定。
采用氧化铝纳米颗粒的另一个有利的附加效果是，还改善了覆层的耐温变特性。这意味着，还可以避免在覆层快速冷却时生成应力裂纹。
对于采用的尖晶石类型的颜料纳米颗粒给出了下列常见的经验公式以及具体示例：
M2+M2 3+O4：
MgAl2O4，MnAl2O4，MnMn2O4，FeAl2O4，FeCr2O4，CoAl2O4，CoCo2O4，NiAl2O4，ZnAl2O4，FeFe2O4，CoFe2O4，NiFe2O4，MgFe2O4，MgCa2O4，MgIn2O4；
M4+M2 2+O4：
TiMg2O4，TiFe2O4，TiZn2O4，SnZn2O4，SnCo2O4，
M6+M2 +O4：
Na2MoO4，Ag2MoO4。
按照本发明的一项扩展设计，所述覆层具有多个层，其中仅在构成所述外表面的表层中或在构成所述外表面的表层和与该表层邻接的层中至少设有颜料纳米颗粒，但不是在所有层中设有颜料纳米颗粒。本发明这项扩展设计的基础是，仅在覆层的外表面附近的区域内着色才能引起视觉效果。具体地，颜料纳米颗粒必须构成外表面的一部分，才能达到其吸收特定光波长度的光学特性。
但是可能有意义的是，在所述表层之下的各层中也设有颜料纳米颗粒。其背景是，所述覆层遭受某种程度的磨损，从而可能发生在运行期间所述覆层的第一层完全被磨损掉。由此可以同时有利地实现一种用于覆层磨损发展的颜色提示。也就是说，若第一层的颜料纳米颗粒或者该第一层和其后的其他层的颜料纳米颗粒完全被磨损掉，则该构件丧失其典型的颜色。因为着色本身是温度稳定的，所以在任何情况下颜色的改变都归咎于磨损的发展，而不是由于颜料着色的篡改。
按照另一项扩展设计，所述覆层设计为梯度层，其中至少所述颜料纳米颗粒在覆层中的分布浓度随着相对于所述外表面的距离的逐渐增大而减低。由此以类似的方式考虑颜料纳米颗粒仅作用在覆层的外表面上的情况，如同已对多层的覆层结构所阐述的那样。通过检查覆层着色的磨损提示也可以在将覆层设计为梯度层的情况下实现。在这种情况下由于覆层外表面的磨穿使磨损继续发展而降低了颜色强度，因为起着色作用的颜料纳米颗粒的浓度持续降低。
另外，本发明还涉及一种制造构件上的陶瓷覆层的方法，其中在构件上敷设由溶剂、陶瓷的溶解前体以及分散的颗粒组成的涂层材料。随后将设有所述涂层材料的构件进行热处理，在此使所述溶剂蒸发以及在将颗粒填埋到所述陶瓷覆层中后使所述陶瓷前体转变，其中所述颗粒影响覆层外表面的颜色。
这样一种方法在本文开头已借助于在那里提到的专利文献作了阐述。基于这一点，本发明要解决的另一个技术问题是，提供一种上述类型的制造陶瓷覆层的方法，利用该方法可以制造具有相对温度稳定性着色的陶瓷覆层。
该技术问题利用所述方法按照本发明是这样解决的，即，所述颗粒采用纳米颗粒，其中一方面分散有氧化铝纳米颗粒，以及另一方面分散有颜料纳米颗粒，在这种情况下该颜料纳米颗粒分别由CrCoAl氧化物或尖晶石类型的化合物组成以及在这种情况下至少一部分颜料纳米颗粒暴露于所述外表面上。
利用按照本发明的方法制造的带有涂层的构件具有开头已阐述的优点。这些优点尤其在于外表面着色的耐热性，该耐热性可高达1000℃并因此能够对承受高温热负荷的构件、例如燃气轮机的透平叶片或压缩机叶片进行温度稳定的着色。
在所述方法中采用的涂层材料由分散体构成。除了氧化铝纳米颗粒和颜料纳米颗粒外还可以在该分散体中添加其他的例如改善涂层防腐特性的颗粒。
在上述现有技术中提供的物质，尤其是含磷、铬、钼或钨的酸作为分散体媒质。另外该涂层材料也可以含有分散体媒质的化学成分或者在该分散体媒质中溶解的待制造陶瓷的前体。这些成分通过热处理传递到陶瓷的覆层基质中。
按照本发明方法的一项扩展设计，在涂层材料中纳米颗粒的份额至少占5％至40％的重量百分比。本申请的百分比数据在没有更准确的数据的情况下也可以理解为质量百分比。通过采用纳米颗粒可以有利地提高颗粒在分散体中可达到的浓度，从而可以通过添加的纳米颗粒更大地影响待形成的覆层的功能性。此外所制造的分散体有利地更加稳定。
根据所希望的加工形式，所述涂层材料可以是气态、液态或者膏状的。根据涂层材料的粘度可以采用不同的方法将该涂层材料敷设到基底上。例如可以采用喷洒、喷射、涂刷、浸渍、抛掷或摩擦。
按照本发明的一项独特的扩展设计，氧化铝纳米颗粒与颜料纳米颗粒的质量比界于1∶3与3∶1之间。业已证实，对于这样的比例而言，通过颜料纳米颗粒对外表面着色的已描述的作用与通过氧化铝纳米颗粒达到的恒温作用之间关系是最恰当的。
附图说明
下面借助附图对本发明的其他细节予以说明。在所有附图中相同或相应的元件用相同的附图标记标注以及仅是在阐述各图之间的区别时才多次提及。其中：
图1和图2示出了本发明覆层的实施例的简略剖面图，所述覆层设计为多层结构的覆层；以及
图3示出了设计为梯度层的本发明覆层的实施例。
具体实施方式
图1所示的构件11具有覆层12，该覆层由表层13和其他层14组成。在表层中加入了颜料纳米颗粒15和氧化铝纳米颗粒16，它们暴露于构件的外表面17上、亦即暴露于由表层13构成的外表面17上。随后的其他层14没有所述的纳米颗粒。
纳米颗粒可以理解为大小在微米以下、优选小于100纳米的颗粒。所述颜料纳米颗粒分别由所述尖晶石化合物中的一种组成。为了通过颜色混合形成外表面颜色，必须将各种不同成分的颜料纳米颗粒相互混合，但是在这种情况下每种颜料纳米颗粒仅具有一种类型的化合物。这当然适用于由CrCoAl氧化物组成的颜料纳米颗粒，该CrCoAl氧化物本身没有尖晶石类的氧化物。
图2所示的构件与图1所示的构件的区别在于，另外在表层13之后的两个其他层14a中设有颜料纳米颗粒15和铝纳米颗粒16。仅有位于构件11上的最下层14b没有这样的颗粒。
覆层12可以是防腐层，在这种情况下在由磨损引起对该覆层的磨蚀达到厚度直至到最下层14b时该防腐层仍保持防腐作用。也就是说，在层13和14a逐层磨损的情况下外表面17的着色仍然存在。只有在层磨损继续发展达到层14b时，才导致该外表面的颜色改变，这可以作为评估更换构件或更新覆层的提示。
图3所示的覆层12涉及梯度层。这意味着，氧化铝纳米颗粒16和颜料纳米颗粒15的浓度C朝外表面17的方向逐渐增大(用箭头18表示)。在该实施例中由磨损引起的覆层磨蚀导致逐渐降低外表面的颜色强度，从而可以将该参数作为覆层磨损发展的提示来进行分析。
氧化铝纳米颗粒具有成分Al2O3。下面作为范例给出制造所述覆层的方法。
下表给出了颜料组合，对这些颜料组合的适用性进行了检查并分别提供了好的结果。业已证实，利用颜料组合5、7和9可以达到高的外表面颜色强度以及有关涂层材料的喷射性方面的可加工性。

Claims (7)

1.一种带有构成外表面(17)的陶瓷覆层(12)的构件，其中在该覆层中填埋影响该外表面颜色的颗粒，其特征在于，所填埋的颗粒为纳米颗粒，其中
一方面采用氧化铝纳米颗粒(16)以及
另一方面采用颜料纳米颗粒(15)，在这种情况下所述颜料纳米颗粒分别由CrCoAl氧化物或尖晶石类型的化合物组成以及至少一部分颜料纳米颗粒暴露于所述外表面(17)上。
2.如权利要求1所述的构件，其特征在于，所述覆层(12)具有多个层(13，14)，其中仅在构成所述外表面(17)的表层(13)中或在构成外表面(17)的该表层(13)和与该表层邻接的层(14a，14b，14c)中至少设有颜料纳米颗粒(15)，但不是在所有层中设有颜料纳米颗粒。
3.如权利要求1所述的构件，其特征在于，所述覆层(12)设计为梯度层，其中至少所述颜料纳米颗粒(15)在所述覆层中的分布浓度随着与所述外表面(17)距离的增大而减低。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的构件，其特征在于，所述构件可承受高的热负荷，尤其是燃气轮机的透平叶片或压缩机叶片。
5.一种制造构件(13)上的陶瓷覆层(12)的方法，其中
在构件(13)上敷设由溶剂、陶瓷的溶解前体以及分散的颗粒组成的涂层材料，
将设有所述涂层材料的构件(13)进行热处理，在此使所述溶剂蒸发并在将颗粒填埋到所述陶瓷覆层中后使所述陶瓷前体转变，其中所述颗粒影响覆层外表面(17)的颜色，
其特征在于，
所述颗粒采用纳米颗粒，其中
一方面分散有氧化铝纳米颗粒(16)，以及
另一方面分散有颜料纳米颗粒(15)，在这种情况下该颜料纳米颗粒分别由CrCoAl氧化物或尖晶石类型的化合物组成以及在这种情况下至少一部分颜料纳米颗粒暴露于所述外表面(17)上。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在涂层材料中纳米颗粒的份额至少占5％至40％的重量百分比。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，氧化铝纳米颗粒与颜料纳米颗粒的质量比界于1∶3与3∶1之间。
CN2008102154174A 2007-06-28 2008-06-30 带有其中填埋颗粒的陶瓷覆层的构件及其制造方法 Active CN101348912B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007030602A DE102007030602A1 (de) 2007-06-28 2007-06-28 Bauteil mit einer keramischen Schicht, in die Partikel eingelagert sind, und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102007030602.6 2007-06-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101348912A true CN101348912A (zh) 2009-01-21
CN101348912B CN101348912B (zh) 2012-05-30

Family

ID=39722614

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2008102154174A Active CN101348912B (zh) 2007-06-28 2008-06-30 带有其中填埋颗粒的陶瓷覆层的构件及其制造方法

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7763367B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2011901B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20090004565A (zh)
CN (1) CN101348912B (zh)
DE (1) DE102007030602A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105378309A (zh) * 2013-08-19 2016-03-02 马勒国际有限公司 滑动发动机部件

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005047739B3 (de) * 2005-09-29 2007-02-08 Siemens Ag Substrat mit aufgebrachter Beschichtung, und Herstellungsverfahren
SG155778A1 (en) * 2008-03-10 2009-10-29 Turbine Overhaul Services Pte Method for diffusion bonding metallic components with nanoparticle foil
US20100227141A1 (en) * 2009-03-05 2010-09-09 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Protective coating for industrial parts
DE102010060152A1 (de) 2010-10-25 2012-04-26 Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik Verschleißschutzbeschichtung
US10047614B2 (en) 2014-10-09 2018-08-14 Rolls-Royce Corporation Coating system including alternating layers of amorphous silica and amorphous silicon nitride
US10280770B2 (en) 2014-10-09 2019-05-07 Rolls-Royce Corporation Coating system including oxide nanoparticles in oxide matrix
US11536151B2 (en) 2020-04-24 2022-12-27 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Process and material configuration for making hot corrosion resistant HPC abrasive blade tips
US20230085454A1 (en) * 2021-09-13 2023-03-16 Goodrich Corporation Monitoring low ice adhesion coatings

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4753856A (en) * 1987-01-02 1988-06-28 Dow Corning Corporation Multilayer ceramic coatings from silicate esters and metal oxides
US5305726A (en) 1992-09-30 1994-04-26 United Technologies Corporation Ceramic composite coating material
US5968240A (en) 1997-08-19 1999-10-19 Sermatech International Inc. Phosphate bonding composition
US6074464A (en) 1998-02-03 2000-06-13 Sermatech International, Inc. Phosphate bonded aluminum coatings
US6224657B1 (en) * 1998-10-13 2001-05-01 Sermatech International, Inc. Hexavalent chromium-free phosphate-bonded coatings
US6368394B1 (en) 1999-10-18 2002-04-09 Sermatech International, Inc. Chromate-free phosphate bonding composition
US6723674B2 (en) * 2000-09-22 2004-04-20 Inframat Corporation Multi-component ceramic compositions and method of manufacture thereof
DE10143837A1 (de) * 2001-09-06 2003-03-27 Itn Nanovation Gmbh Selbstreinigende keramische Schichten für Backöfen und Verfahren zur Herstellung selbstreinigender keramischer Schichten
EP1362933A1 (de) 2002-05-15 2003-11-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wärmedämmschicht
DE10228208A1 (de) * 2002-06-24 2004-01-22 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag Austauschbares Bauteil einer Textilmaschine mit einer Oberflächenbeschichtung oder -vergütung und Erfassungseinrichtung hierfür
AU2004262253A1 (en) * 2003-03-06 2005-02-10 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Rapid generation of nanoparticles from bulk solids at room temperature
EP1645538A1 (de) 2004-10-05 2006-04-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Materialzusammensetzung für die Herstellung einer Beschichtung für ein Bauteil aus einem metallischen Basismaterial und beschichtetes metallisches Bauteil
DE102005047739B3 (de) * 2005-09-29 2007-02-08 Siemens Ag Substrat mit aufgebrachter Beschichtung, und Herstellungsverfahren
US7311940B2 (en) * 2005-11-04 2007-12-25 General Electric Company Layered paint coating for turbine blade environmental protection
US20070128447A1 (en) 2005-12-02 2007-06-07 General Electric Company Corrosion inhibiting ceramic coating and method of application
DE102007030588A1 (de) 2007-06-27 2009-01-02 Siemens Ag Bauteil mit einer einen Farbstoff enthaltenden keramischen Schicht und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105378309A (zh) * 2013-08-19 2016-03-02 马勒国际有限公司 滑动发动机部件
CN105378309B (zh) * 2013-08-19 2018-11-02 马勒国际有限公司 滑动发动机部件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090005233A1 (en) 2009-01-01
CN101348912B (zh) 2012-05-30
KR20090004565A (ko) 2009-01-12
EP2011901A1 (de) 2009-01-07
DE102007030602A1 (de) 2009-01-02
US7763367B2 (en) 2010-07-27
EP2011901B1 (de) 2017-10-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101348912B (zh) 带有其中填埋颗粒的陶瓷覆层的构件及其制造方法
Li et al. Oxidation and erosion resistance of MoSi2–CrSi2–Si/SiC coated C/C composites in static and aerodynamic oxidation environment
Rai et al. CMAS‐resistant thermal barrier coatings (TBC)
JP5459940B2 (ja) 環境保護用の歪み耐性皮膜
DE102005047739B3 (de) Substrat mit aufgebrachter Beschichtung, und Herstellungsverfahren
DE60029862T2 (de) Gegenstand mit Höckern zur Herstellung einer turbulenten Strömung sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung von Höckern auf einem Gegenstand
JP4260235B2 (ja) 金属系基材用コーティング組成物並びに関連プロセス
Keyvani et al. Microstructural stability of zirconia–alumina composite coatings during hot corrosion test at 1050° C
US9926794B2 (en) Turbine blade tip treatment for industrial gas turbines
US20090324841A1 (en) Method of restoring near-wall cooled turbine components
JP2008127275A (ja) 抗酸化コーティングの方法および被覆製品
US7892659B2 (en) Coating precursor materials, turbomachinery components, and methods of forming the turbomachinery components
BRPI0902199A2 (pt) método de reparo de uma cobertura de barreira térmica e cobertura reparada assim formada
JP2011167994A (ja) 遮熱コーティングを有する耐熱部材と、それを用いたガスタービン用部品
EP1645538A1 (de) Materialzusammensetzung für die Herstellung einer Beschichtung für ein Bauteil aus einem metallischen Basismaterial und beschichtetes metallisches Bauteil
CN103044974B (zh) 白色无机涂料组合物及包含其所形成的涂层的装置
Feng et al. Erosion resistance of Mo–Si–Cr coating-modified C/C composites in a wind tunnel at 1873 K
US20110076410A1 (en) Method for making strain tolerant corrosion protective coating compositions and coated articles
CN108034354B (zh) 耐800℃高温用纳米陶瓷涂料及其制备工艺
Ashofteh et al. Effect of layer thickness on thermal shock behavior in double-layer micro-and nano-structured ceramic top coat APS TBCs
JP2013500398A5 (zh)
EP3497170B1 (en) Thermochromic paint
Jiang et al. Oxidation and ablation behaviour of multiphase ultra-high-temperature ceramic Ta0· 5Zr0· 5B2–Si–SiC protective coating for graphite
Mehta et al. Sustainable manufacturing approach with novel thermal barrier coatings in lowering CO2 emissions: performance analysis with probable solutions
DE102018112353A1 (de) Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines Substrates mit einer Hohlraumstruktur

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant