CN101348166A - Takeoff and landing method for aircraft carrier-based aircraft and apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Takeoff and landing method for aircraft carrier-based aircraft and apparatus thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101348166A
CN101348166A CNA2008101960421A CN200810196042A CN101348166A CN 101348166 A CN101348166 A CN 101348166A CN A2008101960421 A CNA2008101960421 A CN A2008101960421A CN 200810196042 A CN200810196042 A CN 200810196042A CN 101348166 A CN101348166 A CN 101348166A
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aircraft
rotating mechanism
landing
landing platform
plane
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杨举
杨冠
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method of taking off and landing of an aircraft carrier plane and a device thereof. The device comprises a windmill type rotating mechanism arranged on an aircraft carrier body, wherein, the rotating mechanism is provided with a group of cantilever arms; a protruding end of each cantilever arm is provided with a lift platform with adjustable inclination angle and a launch pad. The plane is fixed on the launch pad before taking off; the rotating mechanism is started, when the plane reaches takeoff altitude and takeoff speed, a fixed device is released to lead the plane to take off automatically along the tangential line, so that the takeoff of the plane is completed; when the plane lands, the lift platform floats on sea level, when the plane approaches the lift platform of the rotating mechanism, the inclination angle of the launch pad is matched with the flight altitude and speed of the plane, an arresting device is used for leading the plane to directly land on the lift platform, the rotating speed of the rotating mechanism is gradually reduced until the rotating mechanism stops, thereby the landing of the plane is completed. The method and the device of the invention change the mode of the original aircraft carrier body, can change the shape of the aircraft carrier body, improves the flexibility and reduces the use cost.

Description

Taking off and landing method and device thereof of aircraft carrier-based aircraft
Technical field
The present invention relates to taking off and recovery method of a kind of aircraft carrier-based aircraft, specifically a kind of method that adopts rotating mechanism aircraft carrier-based aircraft to be taken off and reclaim.
Background technology
Aircraft carrier (Aircraft Carrier) is called for short " aircraft carrier ", " aircraft carrier ", is a kind of warship that can provide military aircraft to take off and land.Aircraft carrier be a kind of be the large-scale water surface naval vessels of main operational weapon with carrier-borne aircraft.Modern aircraft carrier and carrier-borne aircraft have become the intensive military systems engineering of hightech.
Before adopting bar none, the general design of at present medium-sized or above in the world aircraft carrier floats bow, square stern, and the flush deck, oblique angle, the big outer high freeboard that floats of band, island formula bridge is put on the right side, enclosed hangar and topside elevator.Aircraft carrier also needs some special equipments, and as check cable (being used for normal landing), arresting net (being used for forced landing) helps the system of falling etc.
The landing technology of tradition carrier-borne aircraft is as follows:
1, taking off of carrier-borne aircraft:
Except that aircraft ejection kit electromagnetic launch of future generation just under study for action, the mode that traditional fixed wing aircraft takes off from aircraft carrier can be divided following two kinds.
First kind is the steam catapult-assisted take-off, uses a flat deck as airstrip.A steam-powered catapult-launching gear drive aircraft reaches takeoff speed when taking off in two seconds.Steam has launched two kinds of ejection modes, and a kind of is that front-wheel launches, and directly hauls aircraft nose wheel by slide block when launching and takes off.Need not 8~10 people come to hang tow rope and subtracted tow rope for aircraft like this, the time of launching shortens, and aircraft safety is good.Second kind is that the tow rope formula is launched, and as its name suggests, quickens to take off with steel rope traction aircraft exactly, and this ejection mode is older, and everyway is good not as the former.
The ejector of catapult-assisted take-off is actually a big steam piston, has quickened to fly away from warship with helping aircraft.Steam promotes the slide block of piston and interlock when abrupt release, with 3-4G will weigh 40 tons aircraft in 100 meters by the static speed that accelerates to up to 175 joints.Every ejector launches and is spaced apart half by one minute.But in fact, launch attack echelons and need 25 to 32 minutes.Ejector makes that warship becomes possibility on the heavy high performance airplane, but ejector not only greatly but also heavy, reach about 100 tons, manufacture and design expensive complexity, have only the U.S. one family using at present, and need to consume a large amount of water, whenever launch and once need consume fresh water 1.5-2 ton, ejector uses restriction many, and every ejector launched on average and was no more than 70-100 time every day, and the aircraft turnout is low.The maintenance requirement height of ejector, whenever launching needs marine grounding maintenance for 3000-3200 time or returns the port maintenance, and carrier-borne aircraft also must greatly be strengthened body, thereby gains in weight.
The process of catapult-assisted take-off is as follows:
The front-wheel of aircraft is hung in the launching apparatus, and the official of operation launching apparatus must know that the model of aircraft and load-carrying regulate launching apparatus.
In order to protect personnel and the apparatus on the deck, to load onto the wallboard of shielding aircraft jet stream in the aircraft back.
The aviator augments horsepower after obtaining take off clearance, prevents airplane motion with brake simultaneously.
The aviator will decontrol brake in the signal that obtains taking off, launching apparatus starting is simultaneously ejected runway with aircraft.This process continued for 1.5 seconds altogether.
Second kind is that the swash plate cunning is takeoff and flown.Some aircraft carrier has one " diving tower " to help to take off at its deck front end.Aircraft power with oneself when taking off is jumped onto via the assistance of diving tower in the air.This mode of taking off does not need complicated catapult-launching gear, and weight when still taking off and the efficient of taking off are not as launching.Sliding takeofing flies need not special equipment, and low to the housing construction requirement, warship is easy on the land airplane, its turnout and catapult-assisted take-off are suitable, can set out continuously and do not have the restriction of ejector access times, work that aircraft remains control when flying away from warship, and the catapult-assisted take-off initial stage is actually and does not have control.But require aircraft to have high thrust-weight ratio and short takeoff ability, taking off may not be heavily loaded, and engine thrust descends under the hot environment, must just can take off with water injection.
Aircraft carrier all must be helped take off with the above speed griping of 20 joints (36 kilometers/hour) in both cases.Power CTOL fixed wing aircraft need advance at utmost speed down with the wind by aircraft carrier, improves true wind speed, reduces warship warship on the opportunity relative velocity that taking off simultaneously.
2, the landing of carrier-borne aircraft (recovery)
On aircraft carrier, land, especially under night or situation, need very high flight skill in bad weather.The landing process is as follows:
At first the aircraft of Hui Guiing will enter around the ring-like course line of mother ship carrier to reduce flying height and speed, may also need to break away from waiting landing course line sometimes and go to carry out air refuelling.
The speed of aircraft will be reduced to the stage of almost stall when landing.The aviator stretches out drop, wing flap and air flap with arresting hook, keep certain speed and downslide speed.Landing official on the boat warship commands aircraft landing, and he constantly tells the aviator, and what he is from the deviation of optimal cases; Light prompt aviator on the aircraft carrier, whether the angle during decline is correct.
At the flight deck rear portion of aircraft carrier four interception ropes are arranged.The aviator of landing must allow arresting hook hang up wherein one.He should hang up the 3rd under the best circumstances.
The aviator must force down aircraft fully when landing, and he can guarantee to hook an interception rope like this.Simultaneously driving engine must be reached maximum again, also can within the shortest time, not quicken to leave the deck, come back to the landing course line if hang up the interception rope like this.The interception rope is by hydraulic braking, and it can stop aircraft in two seconds and 50 meters.The aviator can be reduced to slow train and leave the dropping zone according to the indication of the ground crew on the deck thrust with driving engine.
In case of emergency, damaged such as the hook of aircraft, aircraft can't use the interception rope to stop, and can assist forced landing by pull-up interception net above deck.Or aircraft pull-up once more, landing again.
Because weakness such as aircraft carrier is being born many vital tasks of fight, carrier aircraft, takeoff and landing, causes the aircraft carrier build huge, and it is slow partially, vulnerable to take action, costly.Particularly Guan Jian landing technology and equipment thereof---ejector is more impossible from external acquisition, buys the spare part problem that also has from other country.
Summary of the invention
In the technical present situation of landing, the purpose of this invention is to provide taking off and recovery method and device thereof of a kind of later-model aircraft carrier-based aircraft at present aircraft carrier.The present invention changes existing warship bodily form formula, can reduce warship body build, strengthens alerting ability, reduce use cost.
Taking off and landing method of a kind of aircraft carrier-based aircraft is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1) on aircraft carrier warship body, is provided with the windmill-shaped rotating mechanism of one group of extension arm, the landing platform is set, on the landing platform, launch pad is set at the external part of every extension arm; The landing platform floats on the sea;
2) take off before aircraft be located in respectively on the launch pad on each landing platform by transporting apparatus by hangar, with fixed equipment aircraft nose wheel is fixed on the launch pad;
3) start rotating mechanism, each extension arm is rotated simultaneously, under the acceleration rotation of extension arm, make the continuous rising of the aircraft that is positioned on the landing platform obtain increasing tangential initial velocity simultaneously;
4) reach the height and during speed of taking off at aircraft, the release anchor fitting flies out aircraft automatically along tangent line, finish taking off of aircraft;
5) during aircraft landing, the landing platform floats on the sea, aircraft along around the ring-like airline operation of mother ship carrier to reduce flying height and speed, during near the landing platform of rotating mechanism, adjust landing flat-bed inclination angle, the flying height and the speed of launch pad inclination angle and aircraft are complementary, use arrester that aircraft is directly landed on the landing platform, the landing platform of aircraft driven rotary mechanism is high speed revolution together;
6) progressively the slow down rotative speed of rotating mechanism until stopping, moving to hangar by transporting apparatus with the aircraft on the landing platform, finishes the landing of aircraft.
Above-mentioned steps 3 of the present invention) in, the landing platform should be adjusted the inclination angle with the variation of extension arm rotative speed and height, and launch pad inclination angle and rotative speed are complementary.Above-mentioned steps 4) in, with landing platform rotation, at optimization point continuously or at interval launch simultaneously by each aircraft for many airplanes.
Taking off and launching appliance of a kind of aircraft carrier-based aircraft, it is characterized in that: it comprises the windmill-shaped rotating mechanism that is arranged on the aircraft carrier warship body, on rotating mechanism, be provided with one group of extension arm, one end of extension arm is arranged on the S. A. of rotating mechanism, the external part of extension arm is provided with the landing platform of inclined angle-adjustable, is provided with launch pad on the landing platform.
Among the present invention, the bottom of rotating mechanism is positioned under the sea level, and when taking off and land, the landing platform all floats on the sea.
For ease of navigation, the extension arm of rotating mechanism of the present invention can close up around rotating shaft after regaining.
Theoretical foundation of the present invention is as follows:
V=rω;
That is: takeoff speed=stretch out brachium horizontal projection * rotating mechanism spin velocity;
If: V=100m/s, promptly takeoff speed is: 360km/h;
ω=2 π/s, promptly per second rotates a circle;
Pivot arm horizontal projection then: R=100/2 π=16m;
By following formula as can be known: under the condition that the rotating mechanism per second rotates a circle, extension arm arm horizontal projection is that 16m can meet the demands.
The present invention changes the landing mode of existing carrier ship-board aircraft, adopts later-model rotary landing mode, changes warship bodily form formula, can reduce warship body volume, has strengthened alerting ability, has reduced cost.The present invention also can be applicable to be difficult for building the island or the mountain area on large-scale airport.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the position view of the present invention in aircraft carrier.
The specific embodiment
Taking off and launching appliance of a kind of aircraft carrier-based aircraft, it comprises the windmill-shaped rotating mechanism 1 that is arranged on the aircraft carrier warship body 11, on rotating mechanism 1, be provided with one group of extension arm 2, one end of extension arm 2 is arranged on the S. A. 4 of rotating mechanism, the external part of extension arm 2 is provided with the landing platform 3 of inclined angle-adjustable, is provided with launch pad on landing platform 3.One group of extension arm 2 can be three arms or four arms, is used for realizing many airplanes 6 continuous or emissions at interval.Rotating mechanism 1 can be made the rotary column shape.
The bottom of rotating mechanism 1 is positioned at the sea level 5 times, and when taking off and land, landing platform 3 all floats on the sea.For ease of navigation, after regaining, can close up around S. A. 4 one group of extension arm 2 of rotating mechanism 1.
Taking off and landing method of a kind of aircraft carrier-based aircraft that utilizes said apparatus, it may further comprise the steps:
1) on aircraft carrier warship body, is provided with the windmill-shaped rotating mechanism of one group of extension arm, the landing platform is set, on the landing platform, launch pad is set at the external part of every extension arm; The bottom of rotating mechanism is positioned under the sea level, and when taking off and land, the landing platform all floats on the sea.One group of extension arm can be three arms or four arms, is used for realizing the continuous or emission at interval of many airplanes.
2) take off before aircraft be located in respectively on the launch pad on each landing platform by transporting apparatus by hangar, with fixed equipment aircraft nose wheel is fixed on the launch pad.
3) start rotating mechanism, each extension arm is rotated simultaneously, under the acceleration rotation of extension arm, make the continuous rising of the aircraft that is positioned on the landing platform obtain increasing tangential initial velocity simultaneously; The landing platform should be adjusted the inclination angle with the variation of extension arm rotative speed and height, and launch pad inclination angle and rotative speed are complementary.
4) reach the height and during speed of taking off at aircraft, the release anchor fitting flies out aircraft automatically along tangent line, finish taking off of aircraft; Can be that many airplanes rotate with the landing platform simultaneously, each aircraft be launched continuously or at interval at optimization point.After the number airplane discharges, utilize the normal formation flight of self power.
5) during aircraft landing, the landing platform floats on the sea, aircraft along around the ring-like airline operation of mother ship carrier to reduce flying height and speed, during near the landing platform of rotating mechanism, adjust landing flat-bed inclination angle, the flying height of launch pad inclination angle and aircraft and speed are complementary, use arrester that aircraft is directly landed on the landing platform, at this moment, the landing platform of aircraft driven rotary mechanism high speed revolution together.Arrester can be interception rope or interception net.
6) progressively the slow down rotative speed of rotating mechanism until stopping, moving to hangar by transporting apparatus with the aircraft on the landing platform, finishes the landing of aircraft.
The present invention so can reduce the volume and the size of aircraft carrier significantly, reduces manufacturing cost owing to do not need large tracts of land, long-distance flight deck, strengthens the alerting ability of fight.Usually flight deck is many more than 100 meters at present; Technology is simple, uses reliable and securely, and maintenance cost is low.

Claims (6)

1, taking off and landing method of a kind of aircraft carrier-based aircraft is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1) on aircraft carrier warship body, is provided with the windmill-shaped rotating mechanism of one group of extension arm, the landing platform is set, on the landing platform, launch pad is set at the external part of every extension arm; The landing platform floats on the sea;
2) take off before aircraft be located in respectively on the launch pad on each landing platform by transporting apparatus by hangar, with fixed equipment aircraft is fixed on the launch pad;
3) start rotating mechanism, each extension arm is rotated simultaneously, under the acceleration rotation of extension arm, make the continuous rising of the aircraft that is positioned on the landing platform obtain increasing tangential initial velocity simultaneously;
4) reach the height and during speed of taking off at aircraft, the release anchor fitting flies out aircraft automatically along tangent line, finish taking off of aircraft;
5) during aircraft landing, the landing platform floats on the sea, aircraft along around the ring-like airline operation of mother ship carrier to reduce flying height and speed, during near the landing platform of rotating mechanism, adjust landing flat-bed inclination angle, the flying height and the speed of launch pad inclination angle and aircraft are complementary, use arrester that aircraft is directly landed on the landing platform, the landing platform of aircraft driven rotary mechanism is high speed revolution together;
6) progressively the slow down rotative speed of rotating mechanism until stopping, moving to hangar by transporting apparatus with the aircraft on the landing platform, finishes the landing of aircraft.
2, taking off and landing method of aircraft carrier-based aircraft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step 3), the landing platform should be adjusted the inclination angle with the variation of extension arm rotative speed and height, and launch pad inclination angle and rotative speed are complementary.
3, taking off and landing method of aircraft carrier-based aircraft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step 4), with landing platform rotation, at optimization point continuously or at interval launch simultaneously by each aircraft for many airplanes.
4, a kind of aircraft carrier-based aircraft takes off and launching appliance, it is characterized in that: it comprises the windmill-shaped rotating mechanism (1) that is arranged on the aircraft carrier warship body, on rotating mechanism (1), be provided with one group of extension arm (2), one end of extension arm (2) is arranged on the S. A. (4) of rotating mechanism (1), the external part of extension arm (2) is provided with the landing platform (3) of inclined angle-adjustable, is provided with launch pad on landing platform (3).
5, taking off and launching appliance of aircraft carrier-based aircraft according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the bottom of rotating mechanism (1) is positioned under the sea level, and landing platform (3) floats on the sea.
6, taking off and launching appliance of aircraft carrier-based aircraft according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the extension arm (2) of rotating mechanism (1) closes up at S. A. (4) on every side after regaining.
CNA2008101960421A 2008-09-11 2008-09-11 Takeoff and landing method for aircraft carrier-based aircraft and apparatus thereof Pending CN101348166A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102328752A (en) * 2011-07-14 2012-01-25 西北工业大学 Rotating ejection device for small and medium unmanned aerial vehicle
CN102556360A (en) * 2012-02-06 2012-07-11 董兰田 Orbit accelerating airplane capable of completing lift-off of two-stage rocket spacecraft with two-stage moving platforms
CN103832567A (en) * 2014-03-28 2014-06-04 刘佳 Multifunctional dock aircraft carrier composed of water early warning aircrafts and the like
CN104058100A (en) * 2014-06-23 2014-09-24 杨举 Device for launching and landing aircrafts
CN104210668A (en) * 2014-09-23 2014-12-17 佛山市神风航空科技有限公司 Plane landing mode and device
CN104417763A (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-18 李志武 Convolution acceleration taking-off scheme
CN104670517A (en) * 2015-03-09 2015-06-03 许木子 Helicopter landing fixing and takeoff ejection system
CN105564664A (en) * 2015-12-15 2016-05-11 刘可平 Ultra-short-range airplane takeoff method
CN105564663A (en) * 2014-10-07 2016-05-11 刘跃进 Airplane suspension type full-automatic take-off and landing system and take-off and landing method
CN106564612A (en) * 2015-10-08 2017-04-19 张斌 Taking off structure for carrier-borne aircraft
CN106742023A (en) * 2017-01-14 2017-05-31 谭燕斌 One kind spins up formula and takes off launcher
CN110949685A (en) * 2019-11-20 2020-04-03 北京特种机械研究所 Rotation type unmanned aerial vehicle emitter

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102328752B (en) * 2011-07-14 2013-12-25 西北工业大学 Rotating ejection device for small and medium unmanned aerial vehicle
CN102328752A (en) * 2011-07-14 2012-01-25 西北工业大学 Rotating ejection device for small and medium unmanned aerial vehicle
CN102556360A (en) * 2012-02-06 2012-07-11 董兰田 Orbit accelerating airplane capable of completing lift-off of two-stage rocket spacecraft with two-stage moving platforms
CN102556360B (en) * 2012-02-06 2014-04-02 董兰田 Orbit accelerating airplane capable of completing lift-off of two-stage rocket spacecraft with two-stage moving platforms
CN104417763A (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-18 李志武 Convolution acceleration taking-off scheme
CN103832567A (en) * 2014-03-28 2014-06-04 刘佳 Multifunctional dock aircraft carrier composed of water early warning aircrafts and the like
CN104058100A (en) * 2014-06-23 2014-09-24 杨举 Device for launching and landing aircrafts
CN104210668A (en) * 2014-09-23 2014-12-17 佛山市神风航空科技有限公司 Plane landing mode and device
CN105564663A (en) * 2014-10-07 2016-05-11 刘跃进 Airplane suspension type full-automatic take-off and landing system and take-off and landing method
CN104670517A (en) * 2015-03-09 2015-06-03 许木子 Helicopter landing fixing and takeoff ejection system
CN104670517B (en) * 2015-03-09 2019-11-15 许木子 Helicopter landing is fixed and takes off ejection system
CN106564612A (en) * 2015-10-08 2017-04-19 张斌 Taking off structure for carrier-borne aircraft
CN105564664A (en) * 2015-12-15 2016-05-11 刘可平 Ultra-short-range airplane takeoff method
CN105564664B (en) * 2015-12-15 2018-07-20 刘可平 Short distance takes off method
CN106742023A (en) * 2017-01-14 2017-05-31 谭燕斌 One kind spins up formula and takes off launcher
CN110949685A (en) * 2019-11-20 2020-04-03 北京特种机械研究所 Rotation type unmanned aerial vehicle emitter

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Open date: 20090121