CN101346028B - Intelligent electricity-saving optimal control method - Google Patents

Intelligent electricity-saving optimal control method Download PDF

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CN101346028B
CN101346028B CN2008100421518A CN200810042151A CN101346028B CN 101346028 B CN101346028 B CN 101346028B CN 2008100421518 A CN2008100421518 A CN 2008100421518A CN 200810042151 A CN200810042151 A CN 200810042151A CN 101346028 B CN101346028 B CN 101346028B
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lamp
power
voltage
gas discharge
saving
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CN101346028A (en
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张秀彬
王贺
陆冬良
朱涟
董长城
徐林
程远
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SHANGHAI LUFA ELECTRIC (GROUP) Co Ltd
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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SHANGHAI MOTOR COMPLETE SET UNITED CO Ltd
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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Abstract

一种节能技术领域的智能节电最优控制方法。本发明通过由气体放电灯最低灯电压—功率特性曲线、气体放电灯最高灯电压—功率特性曲线、气体放电灯最高允许功率线、气体放电灯最低限定功率线构成气体放电灯节电安全控制四边图、镇流器特性曲线和选择节电水平Q来确定气体放电路灯的输入电压，即交流输出电压目标值，使得气体放电路灯处于全程最优控制状态，能够根据自然光照度，自动、科学、合理地开启/关闭路灯，有效确保夜间行车安全的前提下节电效果能够达到20～45％。

Figure 200810042151

An intelligent power-saving optimal control method in the field of energy-saving technology. In the present invention, the gas discharge lamp energy-saving safety control four sides are composed of the minimum lamp voltage-power characteristic curve of the gas discharge lamp, the maximum lamp voltage-power characteristic curve of the gas discharge lamp, the maximum allowable power line of the gas discharge lamp, and the minimum limited power line of the gas discharge lamp Figure, ballast characteristic curve and selection of power-saving level Q to determine the input voltage of the gas discharge circuit lamp, that is, the AC output voltage target value, so that the gas discharge circuit lamp is in the optimal control state throughout the process, and can be automatically, scientifically and reasonably based on the natural light intensity Turn on/off the street lights in a timely manner, effectively ensuring the safety of driving at night, and the power saving effect can reach 20-45%.

Figure 200810042151

Description

Intelligent electricity-saving optimal control method
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of autocontrol method of field of energy-saving technology, specifically is a kind of intelligent electricity-saving optimal control method.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the energy of the earth and resource are limited, and in order to ensure economic sustainable growth to greatest extent, people are when actively seeking new forms of energy and exploitation regenerative resource, constantly can not loosen the saving to the existing energy, this is the subject under discussion and the common recognition of whole mankind's common concern.Utilize the energy in order effectively and to greatest extent to save, the most basic way is the application of advanced science and technology.Wherein, how to make gaseous discharge lamp reach effective use and energy-conservation effect is exactly a current very outstanding and urgent technical assignment, because utilize the superior luminous flux characteristic of gaseous discharge lamp to use as street lamp, big various places, the town and country road that spreaded all over of its quantity.When gaseous discharge lamp during as road lighting, under the situation that guarantees effective lighting, how to realize economizing on electricity to greatest extent, this meaning to national society's economic development is self-evident, yet, make gaseous discharge lamp realize economize on electricity truly, still exist many technical barriers up to now.With regard to current adopted many technology, put it briefly, be to utilize dropping equipment or similar technology to realize illuminating energy-saving basically, this is the technology mistaken ideas of gaseous discharge lamp illuminating energy-saving.
Find by prior art documents, Zhang Wankui, fourth jump and water: " technical characteristic of high-pressure sodium lamp and voltage-reducing and electricity-saving are used " (" illuminating engineering journal " the 4th phase in 2005), this article " is started with from the technical performance of high-pressure sodium lamp; analyze the feasibility of its step-down power supply energy-saving ", " lighting fades to half automatic conversion decompression mode of line voltage from bearing phase voltage, thereby realizes optimum road illuminating energy-saving pattern " proposed.Above-mentioned document obviously is inclined to one side face to the technical characteristic analysis of one of gaseous discharge lamp high-pressure sodium lamp, only consider that high-pressure sodium lamp is in following volt-ampere of characteristic negative slope character of discharge condition, and do not consider its power characteristic, power characteristic when more not considering its subsidiary ballast, so " economize on electricity " mode is to sacrifice the pure commerciality economize on electricity that gaseous discharge lamp effective lighting and normal useful life are cost, being theoretically unsound, is unscientific.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and defective, a kind of intelligent electricity-saving optimal control method is provided, make it can under the effective lighting prerequisite, realize the optimal effectiveness of efficient, the safety electricity-saving of gas discharge street lamp, below will connect the gas discharge street lamp that is constituted behind ballast and the trigger and abbreviate the gas discharge street lamp as by gaseous discharge lamp.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, may further comprise the steps:
(1) on same highway section, selects the gaseous discharge lamp of same technical characteristic specification for use;
(2) according to the design modulating voltage U of gaseous discharge lamp in the selected gas discharge street lamp lWith design lamp power N l, calculate the operating current I of gaseous discharge lamp under design condition l
(3) according to the operating current I of gaseous discharge lamp under design condition lWith the working impedance Z of the ballast that connects with it under design condition l, calculate the input voltage of gaseous discharge lamp under design condition
Figure G2008100421518D0002140315QIETU
(4) by the minimum modulating voltage of gaseous discharge lamp-power characteristic N=kU+N Bs, the highest modulating voltage of gaseous discharge lamp-power characteristic N=kU+N Bg, gaseous discharge lamp maximum allowed power line N=N g, gaseous discharge lamp least restrictive power line N=N sConstitute gaseous discharge lamp economize on electricity security control four edge graphs, N Bs, N BgBe respectively minimum modulating voltage-power characteristic of gaseous discharge lamp and the intercept of the highest modulating voltage-power characteristic on lamp power coordinate N;
(5) set up the modulating voltage-power characteristic collection of gaseous discharge lamp and modulating voltage-power characteristic collection and connect ballast after modulating voltage-power characteristic collection database;
(6) select the horizontal Q of economize on electricity;
(7) according to the horizontal Q of economize on electricity, choose the ballast characteristic curve, obtain target lamp voltage, and then the input voltage of definite gas discharge street lamp, i.e. ac output voltage desired value;
(8) the gas discharge street lamp enters omnidistance optimal control state as controlled device, comprising: street lamp cold start-up control, electricity saving of road lamp optimal control, street lamp warm start control, street lamp closing control;
(9) street lamp cold start-up control, when entering night from daytime, determine the best time of street lamp cold start-up according to sky illuminance, spring, summer, autumn and winter no matter, all can under only ambient brightness, open street lighting, both guaranteed road traffic safety, and saved electric energy again to greatest extent, the abnormality of just thoroughly stopping " daytime bright lamp, night do not work " in the opening time section takes place;
(10) electricity saving of road lamp optimal control, concrete steps are as follows:
1. enter night illumination, online detection street lamp working status parameter signal comprises: AC-input voltage, electric current, ac output voltage, electronic power switch device temperature, sky illuminance;
2. by the horizontal Q of economize on electricity, determine lamp target power N Q
3. repeat (7) step, under the ac output voltage desired value, the gas discharge street lamp can utilize the just resistance current limiting characteristic of gaseous discharge lamp " volt-peace " negative resistance charactertistic and ballast to form impedance " complementation ", makes gaseous discharge lamp work near can being stabilized in the lamp target power all the time;
4. by online actual measurement, ac output voltage is the value of departing from objectives in a single day, and measured signal is treated, after the decision-making, and system sends the voltage-regulation instruction to contactless voltage regulator, changes ac output voltage and makes it come back to desired value;
5. calculate power savings, comprise that power saving rate is energy-conservation with accumulative total;
6. export street lamp work state information and power savings data;
(11) street lamp warm start control, interrupt illumination because of power network line fault or artificial origin cause street lamp night, after circuit restores electricity, the technology of the present invention can be selected the best time of warm start simultaneously according to the glass bulb temperature of sky illuminance and gaseous discharge lamp, therefore, the technical performance that not only can ensure street lamp is not damaged because of restarting under hot state, normally can not closed the street lamp erroneous judgement daytime temporarily yet and be " accident interruption ", therefore make street lamp can be operated in good working environment, guarantee to obtain its useful life to safeguard;
(12) street lamp closing control, when entering daytime from night, determine the best time that street lamp cuts out according to sky illuminance, spring, summer, autumn and winter no matter, all can throw light on by closed circuit lamp, both guarantee road traffic safety, save electric energy again to greatest extent in only ambient brightness ShiShimonoseki, equally from the shut-in time section, the abnormality of thoroughly stopping " daytime bright lamp, night do not work " takes place.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: guarantee gaseous discharge lamp realization science economize on electricity 20～45% under standard lamp voltage; The gaseous discharge lamp luminous flux is not less than 90%; Can be according to natural daylight illumination, automatically, science, On/Off street lamp reasonably, save the electrical network power consumption, and guaranteed driving at night safety; Guaranteed the safe in utilization of gaseous discharge lamp under the warm start state; Because avoided gaseous discharge lamp to exist〉220V or＜work on the voltage of 180V, therefore can from gaseous discharge lamp life prediction data, confirm to obtain its useful life prolongation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 constitutes schematic diagram for the gaseous discharge lamp power supply main circuit that the embodiment of the invention adopts
Among the figure: exchange input filter 1, contactless voltage regulator 2, exchange output filter 3, gaseous discharge lamp 4, ballast 5 and trigger 6, AC-input voltage transducer 7, current sensor 8, ac output voltage transducer 9, temperature sensor 10, illuminance sensor 11.
Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the invention prosecution flow chart
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the invention economize on electricity optimal control quadrangle figure
Among the figure: minimum modulating voltage-power characteristic 12, the highest modulating voltage-power characteristic 13, the highest permission lamp power line 14, lower limit lamp power line 15, constitute electricity saving of road lamp optimal control quadrangle figure, and ballast characteristic curve collection 16.
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the invention economize on electricity optimal control decision flow diagram
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the gaseous discharge lamp power supply main circuit that present embodiment adopts comprises: exchange input filter 1, contactless voltage regulator 2, exchange output filter 3, gaseous discharge lamp 4, ballast 5, trigger 6, AC-input voltage transducer 7, current sensor 8, ac output voltage transducer 9, temperature sensor 10, illuminance sensor 11.The input port that exchanges input filter 1 connects 50Hz single phase alternating current power supply output port, the output port that exchanges input filter 1 connects the input port of contactless voltage regulator 2, and the output port of contactless voltage regulator 2 connects the input port that exchanges output filter 3.Exchange input filter 1 and adopt Γ shape circuit, promptly form by a 50Hz low pass inductance and an electric capacity.Exchange output filter 3 and adopt two ∏ shape circuit, promptly, filter circuit is by a 1kHz high resistant inductance, a 50Hz low pass inductance and three electric capacity are formed, the output phase line of the contactless voltage regulator 2 of input termination of 50Hz low pass inductance, the input of the output termination 1kHz high resistant inductance of 50Hz low pass inductance, first electrode of the output termination gaseous discharge lamp 4 of 1kHz high resistant inductance, the input of one termination 50Hz low pass inductance of first electric capacity, another termination AC power zero line of first electric capacity, one end of second electric capacity is connected with the output of 50Hz low pass inductance and the input of 1kHz high resistant inductance, another termination AC power zero line of second electric capacity, the output of one termination 1kHz high resistant inductance of the 3rd electric capacity, another termination AC power zero line of the 3rd electric capacity, promptly, first electric capacity is connected to the input port that exchanges output filter, second electric capacity is parallel to the centre that exchanges the two ∏ shape circuit of output filter, the input port parallel connection of the 3rd electric capacity and output port that exchanges output filter and gas discharge street lamp 4.Second electrode of gaseous discharge lamp 4 connects first termination of ballast 5, second termination of ballast 5 is connected to the zero line side that exchanges output filter 3, first termination of trigger 6 is connected with first electrode of gaseous discharge lamp 4, and second termination of trigger 6 is connected with second electrode of gaseous discharge lamp 4.The input of AC-input voltage transducer 7 and the input port that exchanges input filter 1 mutually and connect, the output of AC-input voltage transducer 7 is connected with the input port of first signal sampling channel; The input induction coil of current sensor 8 is placed on the AC power phase line, and its output port is connected with the secondary signal acquisition channel; The input port of ac output voltage transducer 9 is connected with the output port that exchanges output filter 3, and its output port is connected with the input port of the 3rd signal sampling channel; The thermal resistance thermal sensitive piece of temperature sensor 10 sticks on the fin of electronic power switch switching device in the contactless voltage regulator, and its output port is connected with the input port of the 4th signal sampling channel; The illuminance sensing chip of illuminance sensor 11 is installed vertically upward, and positive clear stops, can correctly respond to sky illuminance, and its output port is connected with the input port of the 5th signal sampling channel.The input port that exchanges input filter 1 is at first accepted the power supply of 50Hz single phase alternating current power supply, in the spuious high-frequency signal of filtering from electrical network, prevents that the harmonic components in institute's output AC signal feeds back to electrical network after the voltage-regulation.Deliver to contactless voltage regulator 2 through exchanging input filter 1 filtered ac supply signal, the start pulse signal that contactless voltage regulator 2 is received according to the control input end mouth determines that the conducting state of electronic power switch wherein is to regulate the magnitude of voltage of its output.Exchange the output filter 3 block electrons triggers pulse high-voltage that moment produced before gaseous discharge lamp 4 starts to exchanging " recoil " of regulating the power supply input circuit; the high voltage induction electromotive force that also can intercept ballast is to exchanging the influence of regulating the power supply input circuit; therefore play the effect of electronic power switch device safety in the contactless voltage regulator 2 of protection, and prevent the pollution of pulse high-voltage electrical network.
The gas discharge street lamp state prosecution hardware system that present embodiment adopts comprises: power supply main circuit, signal transducer, state detector, signal processor, Control Driver, GPRS long distance control system.Signal transducer comprises: AC-input voltage, electric current, temperature, illuminance, the ac output voltage transducer, the signal output port of transducer is connected with first to the 5th signal sampling channel of the signal input interface of state detector, the output interface of state detector is connected to the signal input interface of signal processor, the control output interface of signal processor is connected to the input interface of Control Driver, the RS232 serial line interface of the remote terminal GPRS module in the RS232 serial line interface of signal processor and the GPRS long distance control system is connected, and the output interface of Control Driver is connected with the control input interface of power supply main circuit.The power supply main circuit is accepted the energy source of 50Hz single phase alternating current power supply power supply as gaseous discharge lamp.Transfer to signal processor processes, analysis after AC-input voltage, electric current, temperature, illuminance, the preliminary treatment of ac output voltage signal process state detector, signal processor is made control decision to the Control Driver sending controling instruction according to the signal analysis result, and Control Driver converts control command to start pulse signal and exports the control input interface of power supply in the main circuit in order to regulate the voltage output of power supply main circuit.To the power state information and the control decision thereof of main circuit of signal processor carried out information interaction by RS232 serial line interface and GPRS long distance control system.Signal processor passes through the processing and the analysis of science to the information data that state detector provided, just export the control corresponding instruction then, therefore, can make gaseous discharge lamp is warm start under cold start-up under the most rational condition of work and safest condition of work all the time, the power output that gaseous discharge lamp is in all the time accept in the optimal control district under optimal lamp power voltage supply and the highest electro-optical efficiency, and then guarantee: the optimal illumination effect of gaseous discharge lamp and safe operating life condition really reach the scientific goal of electricity saving and energy saving.
As shown in Figure 2, present embodiment comprises two parts of gaseous discharge lamp operating state Detection ﹠ Controling.Wherein, detected parameter comprises: AC-input voltage, electric current, ac output voltage, electronic power switch device temperature, sky illuminance; Control mode comprises: the cold start-up of gas discharge street lamp, the warm start of gas discharge street lamp, the optimum economize on electricity control of gas discharge street lamp, gas discharge street lamp closing control.
Above-mentioned hardware system is installed in the control cubicle, can single phase power supply, and also can three phase supply.The former is called single-phase street lamp intelligent energy-saving controller, single-phase input single channel output, and the input socket of control cubicle connects single phase alternating current power supply output, and the accessory power outlet of control cubicle is the input port that the ac output end mouth connects one group of gas discharge street lamp; The latter is called three-phase street lamp intelligent energy-saving controller, three-phase is imported three tunnel outputs, the input socket of control cubicle connects three-phase alternating-current supply output, the accessory power outlet of control cubicle divides three road ac output end mouths to connect the input port of three groups of gas discharge street lamps respectively, the circuit topology of three tunnel interchange outputs is just the same, every road output institute can " traction " the street lamp load definite by every road output-current rating, as certain road output rated current is 200A, every gas discharge street lamp rated power is 250W, and then this road output at most can " traction " 150.
Set forth the concrete steps of intelligent electricity-saving optimal control method below in conjunction with embodiment:
(1) all street lamps select for use the high-pressure sodium lamp+ballast+trigger with same technical characteristic specification as the gas discharge street lamp;
(2) according to the design modulating voltage U of high-pressure sodium lamp lWith design lamp power N l, calculate the operating current I of high-pressure sodium lamp under design condition l, I l = N l U l ;
(3) according to the operating current I of high-pressure sodium lamp under design condition lWith the working impedance Z of the ballast that connects with it under design condition l, calculate the input voltage of gas discharge street lamp under design condition of high-pressure sodium lamp
Figure G2008100421518D00072
, i.e. ac output voltage, U . lin * = U . l + I . l Z l ;
(4) by the minimum modulating voltage of high-pressure sodium lamp-power characteristic N=kU+N Bs, the highest modulating voltage of high-pressure sodium lamp-power characteristic N=kU+N Bg, high-pressure sodium lamp maximum allowed power line N=N g, high-pressure sodium lamp least restrictive power line N=N sConstitute high-pressure sodium lamp economize on electricity security control four edge graphs, as shown in Figure 3, four curves 12,13,14,15 constitute four edge graphs, mercury is not only arranged in the high-pressure sodium lamp, also be filled with sodium, at the lamp duration of work, sodium and mercury are housed in the cold junction part of discharge tube with the form of liquid sodium mercury vapour, the relation of the modulating voltage of high-pressure sodium lamp and lamp power is based on and is comprising excessive sodium mercury vapour in the discharge tube and cause, have only the mercury and the sodium of part to form vapour pressure, the height of vapour pressure also promptly is reflected on the modulating voltage, it depends on the temperature that discharge tube " cold junction " is located, the variation of cold junction temperature causes the variation of vapour pressure, produce the variation of modulating voltage, thereby the variation of lamp power takes place, that is to say, high-pressure sodium lamp is at life period, lamp power changes along with the variation of modulating voltage, but the close linear relationship that is similar at modulating voltage in the certain power scope and lamp power, when modulating voltage equals design voltage, lamp power will reach design object power, to same model, the lamp of equal-wattage has approximately parallel characteristic curve, for those lamp of higher modulating voltage is arranged, the steepness of its characteristic curve slope can reduce, the limit of high-pressure sodium lamp maximum power is being represented on the top of quadrangle figure, the limit of maximum power depends on the maximum admissible working temperature of discharge tube, the maximum power line is arranged on usually above about 20～30% of bulb nominal power, the limit of high-pressure sodium lamp minimum power is being represented in the bottom of quadrangle figure, the minimum power line is set to guarantee to satisfy the temperature-raising characteristic of bulb, the stability of bulb work, the delivery efficiency of acceptable light, and photochromic performance etc., the minimum power line be arranged on usually be lower than beacon light claim power 20～30% near, the minimum lamp pressure-wire on the quadrangle figure left side is the modulation characteristic curve of the acceptable minimum lamp voltage of lamp, it is minimum modulating voltage-power characteristic, the minimum lamp voltage of admitting for the high-pressure sodium lamp of every kind of specification all has been defined in the performance parameter table of lamp, modulation characteristic curve when the maximum lamp pressure-wire on quadrangle figure the right is expressed as the admissible the highest modulating voltage of lamp, i.e. the highest modulating voltage-power characteristic, this curve has been considered the maximum lamp voltage that may occur in the lamp, the rising of lamp life period modulating voltage, the rising of modulating voltage in the sealed type light fixture, and other changing factors, if modulating voltage exceeds outside the maximum lamp voltage curve, at this moment ballast can not guarantee that lamp can stably or constantly work, therefore, above-mentioned quadrangle figure can be used as a standard of high-pressure sodium lamp work system, it has comprised the requirement of lamp and ballast, has also considered the influence of other factors;
(5) set up the modulating voltage-power characteristic collection database of gas discharge street lamp, for a specific modulation characteristic curve, can be by changing the impedance of supply voltage or ballast within the specific limits, thus the voltage and the power that change lamp obtain one group of approximately parallel characteristic curve, i.e. N=kU+N b, along with N bThe difference of value changes and forms one group of modulating voltage-lamp power characteristic collection, when high-pressure sodium lamp connects ballast running hours under constant input voltage, the variation of modulating voltage and lamp power can followed the characteristic curve of ballast, be called for short the ballast characteristic curve, 16 curve set as shown in Figure 3, this curve negotiating raises the cold junction temperature of discharge tube to change modulating voltage and lamp power and obtains, when mains voltage variations, can obtain one group of ballast characteristic curve, trial curve can use curve-fitting method to obtain Analytical Expression N=f (U), the ballast of correct design, its characteristic curve drops in economize on electricity security control four edge graphs, can ask for lamp power maximum by first derivative by the characteristic continuation property of ballast, and deposit in the database together with corresponding ballast characteristic curve, therefore in database, lamp power maximum and ballast characteristic curve have been set up one-to-one relationship, in the using system of high-pressure sodium lamp, exist the variation of various factors, as: the variation of supply voltage, lamp behaviour over time, the variation of light fixture inner reflector efficient, the variation of environment for use etc., in the international standard of high-pressure sodium lamp with the form of four edge graphs of (4) step, require ballast can guarantee that lamp is under the situation of life period and any dynamic change, its electric property parameter variation is limited in the above-mentioned particular range, and quadrangle figure has stipulated the condition of ballast design synoptically:
1. the characteristic curve of ballast should intersect with two modulating voltage lines, and remains on the limit line N=N of lamp power at the life period of lamp gWith N=N sBetween;
2. the design of ballast should make lamp not only at rated supply voltage U lFollowing, and at admissible minimum power supply voltage, U = 1 k ( N - N bs ) Or maximum power supply voltage U = 1 k ( N - N bg ) , be always operating in the zone of quadrangle figure down, that is;
3. Zui Jia ballast characteristic curve must be one had not both had flex point, had not had a continuous smooth curve of break yet, and only had an extreme point that is between minimum and the maximum voltage curve, as: the N that M is ordered l, or the H N of ordering Ls, the L N of ordering LgDeng.
(6) select the horizontal Q of economize on electricity, Q can get 0～45%, as: Q=25%=0.25;
(7) according to the horizontal Q of economize on electricity, choose the ballast characteristic curve, obtain the lamp target voltage, and then the input voltage of definite gas discharge street lamp, i.e. ac output voltage desired value, concrete grammar:
1. by (1-Q) * N lAsk for the lamp controlled target power N of economize on electricity level correspondence Q,
2. with N QAs the characteristic lamp target power of ballast to be selected maximum, from database, obtain corresponding modulating voltage U value, i.e. U=U Q,
3. by N QWith U QAsk for I Q, I Q = N Q U Q ,
4. with U QWith I QSubstitution U . lin = U . Q + I . Q Z Q ≈ U . Q + I . Q Z l Try to achieve the street lamp input voltage
Figure G2008100421518D00095
, i.e. ac output voltage, and be converted into voltage effective value U Lm, U LmBe the ac output voltage desired value;
(8) enter omnidistance optimal control state, comprising: street lamp cold start-up control, electricity saving of road lamp optimal control, street lamp warm start control, street lamp closing control;
(9) street lamp cold start-up control when entering night from daytime, is determined the best time of street lamp cold start-up according to sky illuminance, as L＜L 0The time, open street lighting, L, L 0Be respectively current actual measurement sky illuminance and illuminance threshold value, ambient brightness is only just opened street lamp when being lower than this threshold value, therefore no matter spring, summer, autumn and winter, thick weather still appears suddenly, the present invention all can both guarantee road traffic safety under only ambient brightness, save electric energy again to greatest extent;
(10) electricity saving of road lamp optimal control, concrete steps are as follows:
1. enter night illumination, online detection street lamp working status parameter signal comprises: AC-input voltage, electric current, ac output voltage, electronic power switch device temperature, sky illuminance;
2. by the horizontal Q of economize on electricity, determine lamp target power N Q, as Q=0.25, N then Q=0.75Nl, promptly working control lamp power is 75% of design lamp power;
3. repeat in (7) step 1.～4., when the street lamp stabilized input voltage in U LmThe time and since high-pressure sodium lamp " volt-peace " negative resistance charactertistic of its discharge process and ballast just hinder the impedance that current limiting characteristic have just in time formed both " complementation ", so make high-pressure sodium lamp can be stabilized in lamp target voltage U all the time QWith N such as target power such as grade QCorresponding coordinate points Q (U Q, N Q) near work;
4. by online detection, in a single day ac output voltage departs from U Lm, tested voltage system after signal processing, decision-making sends the voltage-regulation instruction to contactless voltage regulator, by output controlled quentity controlled variable Δ U LmChange U LmValue, make gas discharge street lamp input voltage come back to target voltage U Lm
5. calculate power savings
Power saving rate:
Figure G2008100421518D00101
Accumulative total is energy-conservation:
Figure G2008100421518D00102
Here, U mBe the single-phase input voltage of AC power,
Figure G2008100421518D00103
Be respectively corresponding lamp target power N QDo not implement to economize on electricity the power-factor of load under the control, t is the fragmentary works time;
6. export street lamp work state information and power savings data
Street lamp work state information and power savings data can transfer to network monitoring center by long distance control system and use for remote monitoring and top management;
(11) street lamp warm start control, interrupt illumination because of power network line fault or artificial origin cause street lamp night, after circuit restored electricity, the technology of the present invention can be selected the best time of warm start according to the glass bulb temperature of sky illuminance and gaseous discharge lamp, and and if only if
Figure G2008100421518D0010180600QIETU
The time, system just can send warm start control command, θ, θ to the gas discharge street lamp 0Be respectively the Current Temperatures and the warm start control temperature threshold thereof of electronic power switch, the latter has set up the thermodynamic relation with gaseous discharge lamp glass bulb chilling temperature by experiment, that is, in case θ＜θ 0Gaseous discharge lamp glass bulb temperature has also dropped to the temperature limit that allows warm start, therefore, the technical performance that not only can ensure street lamp is not damaged because of restarting under hot state, normally can not closed the street lamp erroneous judgement daytime temporarily yet and be " accident interruption ", therefore make street lamp can be operated in good working environment, guarantee to obtain its useful life to safeguard;
(12) street lamp closing control is when entering daytime from night, as L 〉=L 0The time, street lamp cuts out, therefore, spring, summer, autumn and winter no matter, all can closed circuit lamp illumination in only ambient brightness ShiShimonoseki, both guaranteed road traffic safety, save electric energy again to greatest extent.
Embodiment confirms that the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. since street lamp since 10 o'clock of night electrical network enter power supply paddy section, voltage is than exceeding 10～20% for level section, if the unreal electricity-saving intelligent of executing of street lamp is controlled, generally speaking, street lamp is all worked under the state that is higher than lamp design power 10～20%, therefore, the actual power savings after enforcement the technology of the present invention can reach 20～45%;
2. under the situation of implementing intelligent energy-saving, the high-pressure sodium lamp luminous flux is not less than 90%;
3. can be according to natural daylight illumination, automatically, science, On/Off street lamp reasonably, save the electrical network power consumption, and guaranteed driving at night safety;
4. guaranteed the safe in utilization of gaseous discharge lamp under the warm start state;
5. because avoided gaseous discharge lamp to exist〉220V or＜work on the voltage of 180V, therefore can from gaseous discharge lamp life prediction data, confirm to obtain its useful life prolongation.

Claims (9)

1.一种智能节电最优控制方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：1. an intelligent power-saving optimal control method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1)在同一路段上，选用同一技术特性规格的气体放电灯；(1) On the same road section, use gas discharge lamps with the same technical characteristics and specifications; (2)根据所选用气体放电路灯中气体放电灯的设计灯电压Ul和设计灯功率Nl，计算出气体放电灯在设计工况下的工作电流Il；(2) According to the design lamp voltage U l and design lamp power N l of the gas discharge lamp in the selected gas discharge circuit lamp, calculate the working current I l of the gas discharge lamp under the design working condition; (3)根据气体放电灯在设计工况下的工作电流Il和与其配接的镇流器在设计工况下的工作阻抗Zl，计算出气体放电灯在设计工况下的输入电压
Figure FDA0000087295930000011
(3) According to the working current I l of the gas discharge lamp under the design working condition and the working impedance Z l of the ballast connected with it under the design working condition, calculate the input voltage of the gas discharge lamp under the design working condition
Figure FDA0000087295930000011
 (4)由气体放电灯最低灯电压-功率特性曲线、气体放电灯最高灯电压-功率特性曲线、气体放电灯最高允许功率线、气体放电灯最低限定功率线构成气体放电灯节电安全控制四边图；(4) The four sides of gas discharge lamp energy-saving safety control are composed of the minimum lamp voltage-power characteristic curve of gas discharge lamp, the maximum lamp voltage-power characteristic curve of gas discharge lamp, the maximum allowable power line of gas discharge lamp, and the minimum limited power line of gas discharge lamp picture; (5)建立气体放电灯的灯电压-功率特性曲线集和灯电压-功率特性曲线集和配接镇流器后的灯电压-功率特性曲线即镇流器特性曲线集数据库；(5) Establish the lamp voltage-power characteristic curve set and the lamp voltage-power characteristic curve set of the gas discharge lamp and the lamp voltage-power characteristic curve after the ballast is connected, that is, the ballast characteristic curve set database; (6)选择节电水平Q；(6) Select the power saving level Q; (7)依据节电水平Q，选取镇流器特性曲线，获取目标灯电压，进而确定气体放电路灯的输入电压，即交流输出电压目标值；(7) According to the power saving level Q, select the characteristic curve of the ballast to obtain the target lamp voltage, and then determine the input voltage of the gas discharge circuit lamp, that is, the target value of the AC output voltage; (8)气体放电路灯作为被控对象进入全程最优控制状态，包括：路灯冷启动控制、路灯节电最优控制、路灯热启动控制、路灯关闭控制；(8) As the controlled object, the gas discharge circuit lamp enters the optimal control state in the whole process, including: street lamp cold start control, street lamp power saving optimal control, street lamp hot start control, street lamp off control; (9)路灯冷启动控制，从白天进入夜间时，依据天空光照度确定路灯冷启动的最佳时刻；(9) Cold start control of street lamps. When entering night from daytime, the best time for cold start of street lamps is determined according to the illuminance of the sky; (10)路灯节电最优控制；(10) Optimal control of street lamp power saving; (11)路灯热启动控制，夜间因电网线路故障或者人为原因造成路灯中断照明，当线路恢复供电后，会同时根据天空光照度和气体放电灯的玻壳温度选择热启动的最佳时刻；(11) Hot start control of street lamps. At night, the lighting of street lamps is interrupted due to grid line failure or human reasons. When the power supply of the line is restored, the best time for hot start will be selected according to the sky illuminance and the glass bulb temperature of the gas discharge lamp at the same time; (12)路灯关闭控制，从夜间进入白天时，依据天空光照度确定路灯关闭的最佳时刻。(12) Street light off control, when entering daytime from night, determine the best time to turn off the street light according to the light intensity of the sky. 2.根据权利要求1所述的智能节电最优控制方法，其特征是，步骤(4)中，所述气体放电灯节电安全控制四边图，具体为：由气体放电灯最低灯电压-功率特性曲线N＝kU+Nbs、气体放电灯最高灯电压-功率特性曲线N＝kU+Nbg、气体放电灯最高允许功率线N＝Ng、气体放电灯最低限定功率线N＝Ns构成气体放电灯节电安全控制四边图，四边形图的上部代表着气体放电灯最大功率的极限，最大功率的极限取决于放电管最大可允许的工作温度，四边形图的下部代表着气体放电灯最小功率的极限，设置最小功率线以确保能满足灯泡的升温特性、灯泡工作的稳定性、可接受的光的输出效率，以及光色性能，四边形图左边的最小灯电压线为灯可接受的最小灯电压的灯特性曲线，即最低灯电压-功率特性曲线，四边形图右边的最大灯电压线表示为灯可允许的最高灯电压时的灯特性曲线，即最高灯电压-功率特性曲线，该曲线考虑了灯中可能出现的最大灯电压、灯寿命期间灯电压的上升、密封式灯具内灯电压的上升因素，如果灯电压超出最大灯电压曲线之外，镇流器将不能确保灯能稳定地或持续地工作。2. The intelligent power-saving optimal control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (4), the gas discharge lamp power-saving safety control quadrilateral diagram is specifically: the lowest lamp voltage of the gas discharge lamp- Power characteristic curve N=kU+N bs , gas discharge lamp maximum lamp voltage-power characteristic curve N=kU+N bg , gas discharge lamp maximum allowable power line N=N g , gas discharge lamp minimum power limit N=N s It constitutes a quadrilateral diagram for energy-saving safety control of gas discharge lamps. The upper part of the quadrilateral diagram represents the limit of the maximum power of the gas discharge lamp. The limit of the maximum power depends on the maximum allowable operating temperature of the discharge tube. The lower part of the quadrilateral diagram represents the minimum The limit of the power, set the minimum power line to ensure that the heating characteristics of the bulb, the stability of the bulb work, the acceptable light output efficiency, and the light color performance are met. The minimum lamp voltage line on the left side of the quadrilateral diagram is the minimum acceptable lamp. The lamp characteristic curve of the lamp voltage, that is, the minimum lamp voltage-power characteristic curve, the maximum lamp voltage line on the right side of the quadrilateral diagram represents the lamp characteristic curve at the highest allowable lamp voltage of the lamp, that is, the highest lamp voltage-power characteristic curve, the curve Taking into account the maximum lamp voltage that may occur in the lamp, the rise of the lamp voltage during the lamp life, and the rise of the lamp voltage in the sealed lamp, if the lamp voltage exceeds the maximum lamp voltage curve, the ballast will not ensure that the lamp can be stably or work continuously. 3.根据权利要求2所述的智能节电最优控制方法，其特征是，所述气体放电灯最大功率的极限设置在超过灯泡标称功率的20～30％，气体放电灯最小功率线设置在低于灯标称功率的20～30％。3. The intelligent energy-saving optimal control method according to claim 2, characterized in that the limit of the maximum power of the gas discharge lamp is set at 20-30% of the nominal power of the bulb, and the minimum power line of the gas discharge lamp is set 20-30% lower than the nominal power of the lamp. 4.根据权利要求1所述的智能节电最优控制方法，其特征是，步骤(5)中，所述特性曲线集，具体为：对于一个特定的灯特性曲线，通过在设定范围内改变电源电压或镇流器的阻抗，从而改变灯的电压和功率得到一组近似平行的特性曲线，即N＝kU+Nb，随着Nb值的变化形成一组灯电压-灯功率特性曲线集，当气体放电灯配接镇流器在恒定的输入电压下连续工作时，灯电压和灯功率的变化会遵循着镇流器的特性曲线，该曲线通过使放电管的冷端温度升高来变化灯电压和灯功率而得到，当电源电压变化时得到一组镇流器特性曲线，进而能用曲线拟合法获得解析表达N＝f(U)，正确设计的镇流器，其特性曲线落在节电安全控制四边图内，由镇流器特性曲线的连续特性能够通过一阶导数求取灯功率最大值，并连同对应镇流器特性曲线存放于数据库中，因此在数据库中，灯功率最大值与镇流器特性曲线建立了一一对应关系。4. The intelligent power-saving optimal control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (5), the characteristic curve set is specifically: for a specific lamp characteristic curve, by passing within the set range Change the power supply voltage or the impedance of the ballast, thereby changing the voltage and power of the lamp to obtain a set of approximately parallel characteristic curves, that is, N=kU+N b , and form a set of lamp voltage-lamp power characteristics with the change of N b value Curve set, when the gas discharge lamp is connected with the ballast to work continuously at a constant input voltage, the change of the lamp voltage and lamp power will follow the characteristic curve of the ballast, the curve increases the temperature of the cold end of the discharge tube It is obtained by changing the lamp voltage and lamp power. When the power supply voltage changes, a set of ballast characteristic curves can be obtained, and then the analytical expression N=f(U) can be obtained by curve fitting method. For a correctly designed ballast, its characteristics The curve falls within the four-sided graph of energy-saving safety control. The maximum value of the lamp power can be obtained through the first-order derivative due to the continuous characteristics of the ballast characteristic curve, and stored in the database together with the corresponding ballast characteristic curve. Therefore, in the database, There is a one-to-one correspondence between the maximum lamp power and the characteristic curve of the ballast. 5.根据权利要求1所述的智能节电最优控制方法，其特征是，步骤(7)中，所述交流输出电压目标值，具体为：依据节电水平Q，选取镇流器特性曲线，获取灯目标电压，进而确定气体放电路灯的输入电压，即交流输出电压目标值，具体为：5. The intelligent power-saving optimal control method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (7), the target value of the AC output voltage is specifically: selecting the ballast characteristic curve according to the power-saving level Q , to obtain the target voltage of the lamp, and then determine the input voltage of the gas discharge circuit lamp, that is, the target value of the AC output voltage, specifically: ①由(1-Q)×Nl求取节电水平对应的灯控制目标功率NQ，① Obtain the lamp control target power N Q corresponding to the energy-saving level from (1-Q)×N l , ②将NQ作为待选镇流器特性曲线的灯目标功率最大值，从数据库中获取对应的灯电压U值，即U＝UQ，②Use N Q as the maximum lamp target power value of the characteristic curve of the ballast to be selected, and obtain the corresponding lamp voltage U value from the database, that is, U=U Q , ③由NQ与UQ求取IQ， I Q = N Q U Q , ③ Calculate IQ from N Q and U Q , I Q = N Q u Q , ④将UQ与IQ代入 U · lin = U · Q + I · Q Z Q ≈ U · Q + I · Q Z l 求得路灯输入电压
Figure FDA0000087295930000033
即交流输出电压，并将其转换为电压有效值Ulin，Ulin即为交流输出电压目标值。④Substitute U Q and I Q into u · the lin = u · Q + I · Q Z Q ≈ u · Q + I · Q Z l Find the input voltage of the street lamp
Figure FDA0000087295930000033
That is, the AC output voltage is converted into an effective voltage value U lin , and U lin is the target value of the AC output voltage. 6.根据权利要求1所述的智能节电最优控制方法，其特征是，步骤(9)中，所述路灯冷启动控制，是指：从白天进入夜间时，依据天空光照度确定路灯冷启动的最佳时刻，当L＜L0时，开启路灯照明，L、L0分别为当前实测天空光照度和光照度阈值。6. The intelligent power-saving optimal control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (9), the cold start control of street lamps refers to: when entering night from daytime, the cold start of street lamps is determined according to the illuminance of the sky At the best moment, when L<L 0 , turn on the street lighting, L, L 0 are the current measured sky illuminance and illuminance threshold respectively. 7.根据权利要求1所述的智能节电最优控制方法，其特征是，步骤(10)中，所述路灯节电最优控制，具体为：7. The intelligent power-saving optimal control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (10), the optimal control of street lamp power saving is specifically: ①进入夜间照明，在线检测路灯工作状态参数信号，包括：交流输入电压、电流、交流输出电压、电力电子开关器件温度、天空光照度；①Enter nighttime lighting, and detect street lamp working state parameter signals online, including: AC input voltage, current, AC output voltage, temperature of power electronic switching devices, and sky illuminance; ②由节电水平Q，确定灯目标功率NQ；② From the power saving level Q, determine the lamp target power N Q ; ③重复步骤(7)交流输出电压目标值，当路灯输入电压稳定于Ulin时，气体放电路灯始终能够稳定在灯目标电压UQ与等目标功率NQ对应的坐标点Q(UQ，NQ)附近工作；③Repeat step (7) for the AC output voltage target value. When the street lamp input voltage is stable at U lin , the gas discharge circuit lamp can always be stabilized at the coordinate point Q(U Q , N Q corresponding to the lamp target voltage U Q and equal target power N Q Q ) work nearby; ④通过在线检测，交流输出电压一旦偏离Ulin，被测电压经信号处理、决策后系统向无触点电压调节器发送电压调节指令，由输出控制量ΔUlin改变Ulin的值，使气体放电路灯输入电压重新回到目标电压Ulin。④Through on-line detection, once the AC output voltage deviates from U lin , the measured voltage is processed by signal and after decision-making, the system sends a voltage adjustment command to the non-contact voltage regulator, and the value of U lin is changed by the output control value ΔU lin to discharge the gas The street lamp input voltage returns to the target voltage U lin . 8.根据权利要求1所述的智能节电最优控制方法，其特征是，步骤(11)中，所述路灯热启动控制，具体为：根据天空光照度和气体放电灯的玻壳温度选择热启动的最佳时刻，当且仅当L＜L0∧θ＜θ0时，系统才会向气体放电路灯发送热启动控制指令，L、L0分别为当前天空光照度与路灯启动所要求的光照度阈值，θ、θ0分别为电力电子开关的当前温度及其热启动控制温度阈值，一旦θ＜θ0，气体放电灯玻壳温度也已降到了允许热启动的温度限值。8. The intelligent power-saving optimal control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (11), the heat start control of the street lamp is specifically: selecting heat according to the illuminance of the sky and the temperature of the bulb of the gas discharge lamp. The best time to start, if and only when L<L 0 ∧θ<θ 0 , the system will send a hot start control command to the gas discharge circuit lamp, L, L 0 are the current sky illuminance and the illuminance required for street lamp startup Thresholds, θ and θ 0 are the current temperature of the power electronic switch and its thermal start control temperature threshold, respectively. Once θ<θ 0 , the temperature of the glass bulb of the gas discharge lamp has also dropped to the temperature limit for thermal start. 9.根据权利要求1所述的智能节电最优控制方法，其特征是，步骤(12)中，所述路灯关闭控制，具体为：从夜间进入白天时，当L≥L0时，路灯关闭，L、L0分别为当前天空光照度与路灯启动所要求的光照度阈值。9. The intelligent power-saving optimal control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (12), the street lamp off control is specifically: when entering daytime from night, when L≥L 0 , the street lamp Closed, L, L 0 are the current sky illuminance and the illuminance threshold required for the street light to start, respectively.
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