CN101345696B - Fast switching method for proxy mobile IP - Google Patents
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- CN101345696B CN101345696B CN200710118727XA CN200710118727A CN101345696B CN 101345696 B CN101345696 B CN 101345696B CN 200710118727X A CN200710118727X A CN 200710118727XA CN 200710118727 A CN200710118727 A CN 200710118727A CN 101345696 B CN101345696 B CN 101345696B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mobile agent IP fast switching method, comprising: when switching a front district by a mobile node, obtaining IP address through switching an access router of the front district; moving position of the mobile node, fast switching a link layer of the agent node; transmitting the message by the mobile node, and transmitting the message to the access router in the district after being switched, finding hometown agent address according to network switching state of the mobile node, and according to source IP address of the message packet header; executing different operations for the mobile node according to different network switching state of the detected mobile node. The invention effectively reduces detecting time delay, thereby advancing integrated switching performance; and has wide applicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer network field, the particularly quick switching between subnet in the WLAN.
Background technology
(Wireless LAN is a kind of wireless mode that utilizes WLAN) to WLAN (wireless local area network), provides wireless equity (as PC to PC, PC to hub or printer to hub) and point-to-point (as LAN to LAN) internuncial data communication system.WLAN has replaced the twisted-pair feeder or coaxial line or the optical fiber that use among the conventional LAN, transmits and receive data by electromagnetic wave.WLAN carry out as file transfer, peripheral hardware share, legacy network communication functions such as web browsing, Email and database access.
According to the supporter and the adopted territorial scope of WLAN standard, WLAN standard has three types generally, and IEEE802.11 wherein is the WLAN standard that IEEE formulates.This standard mainly comprises physical layer and media access control layer two parts, partly comprises management and configuration to MAC Address at media access control layer.MAC (Media Access Control, medium access control) also is physical address in the address, writes on hardware inside when being produced by network device manufacturers, and it is the sign of identification LAN node.For the ease of the management to WLAN (wireless local area network), those skilled in the art have proposed separated MAC mechanism.In IETF RFC4118, the difference according to the IEEE802.11MAC function realizes is divided into local mac mode, separated MAC mode and remote mac mode with the WLAN structure, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, three kinds of modes is described respectively.
Local mac mode: in WLAN (wireless local area network), comprise access point (AP) and centralized device (as access controller or access server), the local mac mode is that the MAC function is realized on AP, and with Mobile IP, IPSec, the functions such as configuration management of Radius Client and AP realize on centralized device.The advantage of this mode is to realize simply, adds corresponding interface and get final product on original AP, and its shortcoming is that the AP cost is higher, has overlapping on the function between centralized device and the AP, is not suitable for the deployment of extensive wlan network.
The separated MAC mode: compare with the local mac mode, the separated MAC mode is divided into real-time part and non-real time portions with the MAC function; On centralized device, except aforesaid Mobile IP, IPSec outside the functions such as configuration management of Radius Client and AP, also will finish the non-real time portions in the MAC function, and only finish the real-time part in the MAC function on access point (AP).This mode has been controlled the cost of AP, helps carrying out senior management functions such as voice service and realization RRM.
The remote mac mode: compare with the separated MAC mode, the remote mac mode has further alleviated the burden of AP, and it is realized the MAC function fully on centralized device, only finish the function of physical layer on AP.The advantage of this mode is that function letter cost is minimum, and its shortcoming is because real-time MAC function realizes on centralized device, is unfavorable for carrying out delay sensitive type business.
From to the description of above-mentioned three kinds of modes as can be known, the separated MAC mode is obtaining counterbalance effect preferably aspect cost and the real-time, therefore be used widely in WLAN (wireless local area network).In the separated MAC mode MAC layer is split as two parts, i.e. High MAC part and Low MAC part.Wherein, High MAC partly is implemented on the centralized device, with management, the optimization mobile management of supporting Radio Resource; Low MAC partly is implemented on the access point, mainly is to handle real-time is required than higher and and physical layer relation function more closely.
The function of High MAC part specific implementation comprises: the processing of management frames can guarantee that STA (station host) is mutual with the management frames between the AC (access contoller, access controller); The processing of Frame comprises grouping and reorganization, and the Frame that STA is sent converts ethernet frame to, and the ethernet frame that maybe will send to STA is converted to 802.11 Frames, and sends to STA; The data forwarding function comprises encryption, the deciphering of data message.
The function of Low MAC part specific implementation comprises: the processing of the generation of the processing of control frame, speed adjustment, beacon frame, probe request frame, the processing of energy-saving mode, the processing of TIM etc.
In WLAN (wireless local area network), the moving of the frequent occurrence positions of user, this just is applied to mobile IP (Mobile IP) technology inevitably.Mobile IP technology is that the deep layer of mobile communication and IP technology merges, it comprises mobile IPv 4 and two kinds of agreements of mobile IP v 6, they are IETF (Internet Engineer TaskForce, the mobility management protocol of the layer Network Based that internet task engineering group) proposes also is a mobile management solution the most good in IP network.Mobile IP solves mobility problem in network layer, and it has the advantage of two aspects, and the one, make mobility transparent to upper-layer protocol, promptly can both provide the mobility support to any application, no matter be FTP, Telnet or IP Phone; The 2nd, be independent of following physical carrier network, be applicable to various wireless networks.These characteristics make mobile IP protocol have very strong robustness and applicability.
In mobile IP, mobility problem is regarded as the problem of addressing and route, and its basic thought is that mobile node (MN) uses two addresses simultaneously, promptly home address (Home Address, HA) and Care-of Address (Care of Address, CoA).Use Care-of Address in network layer, to guarantee the accessibility of message; Use home address in transport layer and above application layer, be not interrupted to guarantee that TCP connects.
In the realization of ICP/IP protocol stack, a transport layer connects by four-tuple [local ip address, local port number, far-end IP address, distal end slogan] unique identification.Therefore, keeping key that transport layer connects is that IP address in the message and port numbers and transport layer are marking matched.In mobile IP, the mobility of MN is transparent for transport layer, even MN moves to another subnet and obtained a new IP address, the employed IP of transport layer address is its home address all the time, is not interrupted so mobile IP can guarantee the TCP connection in the main frame moving process.
In the mobile IP network of standard, network side equipment and portable terminal all should be supported mobile IP protocol, but in fact, present most WLAN terminal is not supported mobile IP, therefore proxy-mobile IP (Proxy Mobile IP) mechanism occurred, proxy-mobile IP mechanism makes portable terminal not need mobile IP customer terminal software can realize switching between subnet.
In the portable terminal that possesses mobile IP customer terminal software, in the subnet handoff procedure, just (Home Agent HA) sends register requirement to home agent after portable terminal detects three layers of switching of generation.In the portable terminal that does not possess mobile IP customer terminal software, just need a kind of mechanism to replace mobile IP customer terminal software to realize to the detection of three layers of switching with to the registration of home agent.In the prior art, a kind of detection implementation method of three layers of switching is as follows: when portable terminal detect switch after, can trigger upper strata DHCP application program and resend DHCP REQUEST request, the IP address of the couple in router that has been connected before in this request, having comprised, after new couple in router is received this DHCP request message, the couple in router IP address and this machine address that wherein comprise are compared, if the two unanimity, then three layers of switching do not take place in explanation, otherwise three layers of switching have taken place in explanation.The shortcoming of this mobile detection mode is: one, in mobile detection speed slow, time, prolong, and the general order of magnitude all be second; Two, some portable terminal does not send the DHCP request message after two layers of switching take place, and at this moment just can't move detection.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome existing mobile switch method slow in the speed when detecting of moving, the time defective that prolongs, thereby the fast switching method for proxy mobile IP that a kind of speed is fast, time delay is short is provided.
Another purpose of the present invention is to overcome existing mobile switch method can't move the defective that detects under certain particular case, thereby a kind of fast switching method for proxy mobile IP of applied range is provided.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of fast switching method for proxy mobile IP, specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step 1), mobile node obtain the IP address by the couple in router that switches preceding sub-district in the preceding sub-district of switching the time, and the couple in router of the preceding sub-district of described switching is the home agent of described mobile node;
Step 2), the position of mobile node is moved, mobile node from switch preceding sub-district enter switch the sub-district, back after, the link layer that carries out mobile node switches;
Step 3), mobile node utilization send message from the IP address that couple in router obtained of switching preceding sub-district, and message sent to the couple in router that switches the sub-district, back, the described couple in router that switches the sub-district, back detects the network switching state of described mobile node according to described message, and finds out hometown-agent-address according to the source IP address in described message packet header; The described couple in router that switches the sub-district, back is the Foreign Agent of described mobile node; Wherein, the network switching state of the described mobile node of described detection comprises:
Step 3-1), judge the current home network that whether is positioned at of described mobile node, if, execution in step 3-3), if not, then carry out next step;
Step 3-2), described mobile node is positioned at field network, whether the Binding Update table in the couple in router of inspection field network exists the Binding Update list item relevant with mobile node, if there is the Binding Update list item, then described mobile node realized or carrying out and described field network between switching, if there is no described Binding Update list item, then described mobile node tentatively switches to described field network;
Step 3-3), described mobile node is positioned at home network, check whether there is the Binding Update list item on the couple in router of described home network, if exist, then described mobile node just switches back described home network, if there is no, the network switching does not take place in described mobile node;
Step 4), according to the network switching state of detected described mobile node in the step 3), described mobile node done to move to switch or do not do to move switches.
In the technique scheme, describedly judge that the current home network that whether is positioned at of described mobile node is meant: " with operation " carried out with the described subnet mask of switching the couple in router of sub-district, back respectively in the IP address and the address of the receiving interface of the couple in router that switches the sub-district, back of described mobile node, result with twice " with operation " compares then, if two come to the same thing, then described mobile node is positioned at home network, if two differences as a result, then described mobile node is positioned at field network.
In the technique scheme, in described step 4),, then described mobile node is carried out following operation if the network switching state of described mobile node is that mobile node tentatively switches to field network:
Step a-1), mobile node carries out network layer and switches, the couple in router that switches the sub-district, back is according to hometown-agent-address, sends the Binding Update message to the home agent of described mobile node;
Step a-2), receive the Binding Update message as the couple in router of the preceding sub-district of switching of home agent after, set up switch preceding sub-district couple in router to the unidirectional tunnel between the couple in router that switches the sub-district, back, and reply corresponding binding response message;
Step a-3), after the couple in router of sub-district, switching back is received the binding response message, the couple in router of sub-district arrives the unidirectional tunnel between the couple in router that switches preceding sub-district after the foundation switching, thus the bidirectional tunnel between the couple in router of sub-district after the couple in router of the preceding sub-district of foundation switching and the switching.
Described step a-2) specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step a-2-1), judge the Binding Update list item that in the couple in router of home agent, whether has mobile node; If exist, then execution in step a-2-3), otherwise, next step carried out;
Step a-2-2), mobile node has just switched to the network that switches the sub-district, back, the couple in router that switches the sub-district, back is that described mobile node is created the Binding Update list item, the unidirectional tunnel that the Foreign Agent of establishment home agent and transmission Binding Update message is asked, and set up a Proxy ARP list item for mobile node, last described home agent is replied the binding response message to described Foreign Agent;
Step a-2-3), whether the IP address of couple in router that judge to send the Binding Update message consistent with the Care-of Address in the Binding Update list item, if consistent, then upgrades list item, and answer binds response message, if inconsistent, then carries out next step;
Step a-2-4), mobile node according to the IP address switchover of the couple in router in the Binding Update message to another field network, upgrade the Binding Update list item, with the IP address that the couple in router that sends the Binding Update message is revised as in the opposite end in tunnel, reply the binding response message then.
Described Proxy ARP list item makes other node in the home network to communicate by letter with described mobile node.
Described step a-3) specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step a-3-1), judge in the binding response message whether have corresponding Binding Update list item, if there is no, then directly abandon the binding response message, otherwise, carry out next step;
Step a-3-2), judge whether Binding Update is successful, if Binding Update is failed, then deletes the tunnel, end operation behind the deletion Binding Update list item; If the Binding Update success is then carried out next step;
Step a-3-3), be that described mobile node adds the Binding Update list item, create switch the sub-district, back couple in router to the unidirectional tunnel between the couple in router that switches preceding sub-district, and add the main frame route.
In the technique scheme, in described step 4), if the network switching state of described mobile node for realized or carrying out and described field network between switching, then the couple in router of described field network carries out normal data forwarding.
In the technique scheme, in described step 4),, then delete the Binding Update list item, deletion tunnel, and the Proxy ARP list item of deletion mobile node correspondence if the network switching state of described mobile node is just to switch back described home network.
In the technique scheme, in described step 4), if the network switching state of described mobile node switches for network does not take place, then the couple in router of described home network carries out normal route data forwarding.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, fast switching method for proxy mobile IP of the present invention effectively reduces to move and detects time delay, thereby improve whole performance of handoffs in the advantage that keeps proxy-mobile IP to be easy to dispose;
2, fast switching method for proxy mobile IP of the present invention has extensive applicability, even portable terminal can't send the DHCP request message after two layers of switching take place, adopts method of the present invention also can realize moving and switches.
Description of drawings
Below, describe embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the implementation of three kinds of IEEE802.11 MAC functions in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a concrete application example of fast switching method for proxy mobile IP of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of fast switching method for proxy mobile IP of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail:
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a concrete application example of fast switching method for proxy mobile IP of the present invention, as can be seen from the figure, in this example, two WLAN (wireless local area network) are arranged, an access point AP1 and a couple in router AR1 are arranged in a WLAN (wireless local area network), an access point AP2 and a couple in router AR2 are arranged in another WLAN (wireless local area network), and two WLAN (wireless local area network) realize data communication by the internet.Suppose that a user at first is in the scope of first WLAN (wireless local area network), user's position is moved then, leaves in the scope of first WLAN (wireless local area network) to the second WLAN (wireless local area network).The entrained mobile node of user's this moment should produce corresponding handover operation, below in conjunction with Fig. 3 the realization of this handover operation is described in detail.
The position of step 20, mobile node is moved, and the WAP (wireless access point) of mobile node is changed into AP2 by AP1, carries out two layers of switching then;
In this step, the two layers of switching that is realized is identical with two layers of handoff procedure in the WLAN (wireless local area network), therefore, no longer it is elaborated.
Network switching state according to message detection mobile node is the main distinction of the present invention and prior art in this step, and it is implemented as follows:
Step 31, judge the current home network that whether is positioned at of mobile node, when judging, the address of the receiving interface of the IP address of mobile node and couple in router AR2 is carried out " with operation " respectively with the subnet mask of described receiving interface, whether compare twice result after " with operation " then identical, if identical, illustrate that mobile node is positioned at home network, execution in step 33 then, otherwise mobile node is positioned at field network, carries out next step;
Step 32, mobile node are positioned at field network, whether the Binding Update table in the couple in router of inspection field network exists the Binding Update list item relevant with mobile node, if there is the Binding Update list item, then described mobile node realized or carrying out and field network between switching, if there is no described Binding Update list item, then mobile node tentatively switches to described field network;
Step 33, mobile node are positioned at home network, check whether there is the Binding Update list item on the couple in router of described home network, if exist, then described mobile node just switches back described home network, if there is no, the network switching does not take place in described mobile node.
In above-mentioned 4 kinds of states, if when mobile node tentatively switches to field network, the operation that finish is the most complicated, therefore at first its realization is described.
Three layers of switching take place in step a1, mobile node, and couple in router AR2 sends the Binding Update message to the home agent AR1 of mobile node after obtaining the hometown-agent-address of mobile node;
Step a2, receive the Binding Update message as the couple in router AR1 of home agent after, set up the unidirectional tunnel of AR1, and reply the binding response message to AR2;
The couple in router of expression home agent is according to circumstances finished different operations after receiving the Binding Update message:
Whether step a2-1, judgement exist the Binding Update list item of mobile node in the couple in router of home agent; If exist, execution in step a2-3 then, otherwise, carry out next step;
Step a2-2, there is not the Binding Update list item, the expression mobile node has just switched to field network, this moment, couple in router need be mobile node Binding Update list item, and the tunnel between the Foreign Agent of establishment home agent and transmission Binding Update message, also need to set up a Proxy ARP list item for mobile node, this list item can be so that other node in the home network can be communicated by letter with mobile node, and last home agent is outwards acted on behalf of and replied the binding response message;
Step a2-3, there is the Binding Update list item, judges further whether the IP address of the couple in router that sends Binding Update is consistent with the Care-of Address in the Binding Update list item, if unanimity, then upgrade list item, and reply the binding response message,, then carry out next step if inconsistent;
Step a2-4, show that mobile node switches to another field network, at this moment need to upgrade the Binding Update list item,, reply the binding response message then the IP address that the couple in router that sends the Binding Update message is revised as in the opposite end in tunnel.
Step a3, couple in router AR2 set up the unidirectional tunnel of AR2 to AR1, thereby set up the bidirectional tunnel between AR1 and the AR2 after receiving the binding response message.
, behind the binding response message that the couple in router AR1 that receives as home agent is sent, may further comprise the steps as the couple in router AR2 of Foreign Agent:
Whether step a3-1, judgement exist corresponding Binding Update list item in the binding response message, if there is no, then directly abandon the binding response message, otherwise, carry out next step;
Step a3-2, judge whether success of Binding Update, if the Binding Update failure, then explanation for a certain reason, home agent has been refused the Binding Update request, deletion tunnel, deletion Binding Update list item; If the Binding Update success is then carried out next step;
Step a3-3, be that mobile node adds the Binding Update list item, create the tunnel of couple in router AR2 to couple in router AR1, and interpolation main frame route.
When mobile node is in other 3 kinds of network switching states, comparatively simple to the operation of mobile node, describe respectively below.
If the network switching state of mobile node for realized or carrying out and described field network between switching, then the couple in router of field network carries out normal data forwarding;
If the network switching state of mobile node is then deleted the Binding Update list item for just switching the network that goes back home, deletion tunnel, and the Proxy ARP list item of deletion mobile node correspondence;
If the network switching state of mobile node switches for network does not take place, then the couple in router of home network carries out normal route data forwarding.
It should be noted last that above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, do not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. fast switching method for proxy mobile IP may further comprise the steps:
Step 1), mobile node obtain the IP address by the couple in router that switches preceding sub-district in the preceding sub-district of switching the time, and the couple in router of the preceding sub-district of described switching is the home agent of described mobile node;
Step 2), the position of mobile node is moved, mobile node from switch preceding sub-district enter switch the sub-district, back after, the link layer that carries out mobile node switches;
Step 3), mobile node utilization send message from the IP address that couple in router obtained of switching preceding sub-district, and message sent to the couple in router that switches the sub-district, back, the described couple in router that switches the sub-district, back detects the network switching state of described mobile node according to described message, and finds out hometown-agent-address according to the source IP address in described message packet header; The described couple in router that switches the sub-district, back is the Foreign Agent of described mobile node; Wherein, the network switching state of the described mobile node of described detection comprises:
Step 3-1), judge the current home network that whether is positioned at of described mobile node, if, execution in step 3-3), if not, then carry out next step;
Step 3-2), described mobile node is positioned at field network, whether the Binding Update table in the couple in router of inspection field network exists the Binding Update list item relevant with mobile node, if there is the Binding Update list item, then described mobile node realized or carrying out and described field network between switching, if there is no described Binding Update list item, then described mobile node tentatively switches to described field network;
Step 3-3), described mobile node is positioned at home network, check whether there is the Binding Update list item on the couple in router of described home network, if exist, then described mobile node just switches back described home network, if there is no, the network switching does not take place in described mobile node;
Step 4), according to the network switching state of detected described mobile node in the step 3), described mobile node done to move to switch or do not do to move switches.
2. fast switching method for proxy mobile IP according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly judge that the current home network that whether is positioned at of described mobile node is meant: " with operation " carried out with the described subnet mask of switching the couple in router of sub-district, back respectively in the IP address and the address of the receiving interface of the couple in router that switches the sub-district, back of described mobile node, result with twice " with operation " compares then, if two come to the same thing, then described mobile node is positioned at home network, if two differences as a result, then described mobile node is positioned at field network.
3. fast switching method for proxy mobile IP according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 4),, then described mobile node is carried out following operation if the network switching state of described mobile node is that mobile node tentatively switches to field network:
Step a-1), mobile node carries out network layer and switches, the couple in router that switches the sub-district, back is according to hometown-agent-address, sends the Binding Update message to the home agent of described mobile node;
Step a-2), receive the Binding Update message as the couple in router of the preceding sub-district of switching of home agent after, set up switch preceding sub-district couple in router to the unidirectional tunnel between the couple in router that switches the sub-district, back, and reply corresponding binding response message;
Step a-3), after the couple in router of sub-district, switching back is received the binding response message, the couple in router of sub-district arrives the unidirectional tunnel between the couple in router that switches preceding sub-district after the foundation switching, thus the bidirectional tunnel between the couple in router of sub-district after the couple in router of the preceding sub-district of foundation switching and the switching.
4. fast switching method for proxy mobile IP according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described step a-2) specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step a-2-1), judge the Binding Update list item that in the couple in router of home agent, whether has mobile node; If exist, then execution in step a-2-3), otherwise, next step carried out;
Step a-2-2), mobile node has just switched to the network that switches the sub-district, back, the couple in router that switches preceding sub-district is that described mobile node is created the Binding Update list item, unidirectional tunnel between the Foreign Agent of establishment home agent and transmission Binding Update message, and set up a Proxy ARP list item for mobile node, last described home agent is replied the binding response message to described Foreign Agent;
Step a-2-3), whether the IP address of couple in router that judge to send the Binding Update message consistent with the Care-of Address in the Binding Update list item, if consistent, then upgrades list item, and answer binds response message, if inconsistent, then carries out next step;
Step a-2-4), mobile node according to the IP address switchover of the couple in router in the Binding Update message to another field network, upgrade the Binding Update list item, with the IP address that the couple in router that sends the Binding Update message is revised as in the opposite end in tunnel, reply the binding response message then.
5. fast switching method for proxy mobile IP according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described ProxY ARP list item makes other node in the home network to communicate by letter with described mobile node.
6. fast switching method for proxy mobile IP according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described step a-3) specifically may further comprise the steps:
Step a-3-1), judge in the binding response message whether have corresponding Binding Update list item, if there is no, then directly abandon the binding response message, otherwise, carry out next step;
Step a-3-2), judge whether Binding Update is successful, if Binding Update is failed, then deletes the tunnel, end operation behind the deletion Binding Update list item; If the Binding Update success is then carried out next step;
Step a-3-3), be that described mobile node adds the Binding Update list item, create switch the sub-district, back couple in router to the unidirectional tunnel between the couple in router that switches preceding sub-district, and add the main frame route.
7. fast switching method for proxy mobile IP according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 4), if the network switching state of described mobile node for realized or carrying out and described field network between switching, then the couple in router of described field network carries out normal data forwarding.
8. fast switching method for proxy mobile IP according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 4), if the network switching state of described mobile node is just to switch back described home network, then delete the Binding Update list item, deletion tunnel, and the ProxyARP list item of deletion mobile node correspondence.
9. fast switching method for proxy mobile IP according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 4), if the network switching state of described mobile node switches for network does not take place, then the couple in router of described home network carries out normal route data forwarding.
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| CN106411743B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2019-08-20 | 锐捷网络股份有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus of Message processing |
| US10616379B2 (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2020-04-07 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Seamless mobility and session continuity with TCP mobility option |
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| CN1348275A (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2002-05-08 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Method and system for switching and shifting between group data service nodes in CDMA 2000 network |
| CN1582050A (en) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-02-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for realizing mobile node switching in mobile IP |
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| CN1348275A (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2002-05-08 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Method and system for switching and shifting between group data service nodes in CDMA 2000 network |
| CN1582050A (en) * | 2004-05-17 | 2005-02-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for realizing mobile node switching in mobile IP |
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