CN100349432C - Tunnel based mobile IPv6 quick switching method - Google Patents
Tunnel based mobile IPv6 quick switching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100349432C CN100349432C CNB2004100091558A CN200410009155A CN100349432C CN 100349432 C CN100349432 C CN 100349432C CN B2004100091558 A CNB2004100091558 A CN B2004100091558A CN 200410009155 A CN200410009155 A CN 200410009155A CN 100349432 C CN100349432 C CN 100349432C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a mobile IPv6 quick switching method based on a tunnel, which is used for switch when a mobile node moves to a new access router from an original access router, wherein the mobile node has an original care-of address in the position of the original access router. The method comprises the following steps: 1, a new care-of address is configured for the mobile node by the new access router; 2, a bidirectional tunnel is established between the mobile node and the original access router, and the addresses at both ends of the bidirectional tunnel are respectively the new care-of address of the mobile node and the IPv6 address of the original access router. The present invention uses the access router to configure the care-of address for the mobile node, and the bidirectional tunnel is established between the mobile node and the original access router in which the mobile node is positioned before switch so as to increase switching speed and reduce switching time delay.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer network field, more particularly, relate to a kind of fast switch over method in the mobile IP v 6 based on the tunnel.
Background technology
Along with wireless communication technology and rapid development of network technology, people only have been not content with and have entered the Internet in the fixed location, but expect a kind of ubiquitous access way.Mobile IP v 6 is the mobility solution that IETF proposes, and terminal transport layer in moving process is connected be not interrupted.
Be the technical term of being correlated with below:
1, mobile node (MN): can keep the not interrupted mobile host of current connection from a link switchover to another link.Mobile node is supported mobile IPv 6 protocol in this article.
2, correspondent node (CN): be the fixing/mobile host of communicating by letter, can be called for short Correspondent Node with mobile node.
3, home address: distribute to the permanent global address of mobile node, be used for indicating uniquely mobile node.
4, Care-of Address (CoA): when mobile node moves to field network, distribute to the temporary address of mobile node.
5, home agent (HA): the router or the server that are positioned at the moving nodes local network.When mobile node moved to the other places, home agent was intercepted and captured the message that is sent to mobile node, then this message is carried out tunnel encapsulation, and is forwarded to the current location of mobile node.
6, binding: the home address of mobile node and the association between the Care-of Address.
7, registration: mobile node sends the Binding Update message to home agent or communication node, to register the process of a binding.
8, WAP (wireless access point) (AP): for mobile node provides wireless connections to insert the two-layer equipment of the Internet.
9, couple in router (AR): the default router of mobile node.
In mobile IP v 6, mobile problem is regarded as addressing and routing issue.When mobile node (MN) when roaming to field network, MN uses two addresses: home address and Care-of Address.Home address each layer more than network layer uses, and is used for indicating uniquely MN; Care-of Address uses in network layer, makes message can route to the current location of MN.
Mobile node will produce switching when mobile between two different subnets.Mobile node obtains new Care-of Address on new subnet, this need re-register to home agent, and binds again to Correspondent Node.Owing to reasons such as protocol processes and signal strength signal intensities, switch to produce and postpone, cause mobile node can not transmit and receive data within a certain period of time, make communicating by letter between Correspondent Node and the mobile node temporarily interrupt.The excessive requirement that just can not satisfy as real time communication such as video, audio frequency of switching delay when transport layer protocol is TCP, can reduce the throughput of TCP greatly.
To switch the delay cause and connect break period in other words in order to reduce, some fast switch over method have been proposed in mobile IP v 6, mainly comprise two kinds of handover mechanisms: switch in advance and based on the switching in tunnel (referring to document: " mobile IP technology ", Sun Limin etc. write, the Electronic Industry Press, 2003.8, P125～P130).Wherein, the mobile Ipv6 that the most representative IETF of being proposes switches draft (draft-ietf-mipshop-fast-mipv6-00) fast, and this draft has proposed a kind of pre-switch (PredictiveFast Handoff) method.The method needs link layer that two layers of (link layer) pre-switch triggering signal (Pre-trigger) are provided, and is about to take place two layers of switching so that MN can know in advance, thereby begins three layers of (network layer) handoff procedure in advance.In fact, for present most of wireless technologys, still lack and predict that effectively, accurately two layers switch the link-layer technologies that takes place.Therefore, how to realize veritably that still there is query in this quick handover scheme.
In existing switching based on the tunnel, after mobile node has moved to new network and set up the connection of the second layer, set up bidirectional tunnel between the new and old couple in router under mobile node moves front and back, transmit data message by the tunnel.Mobile node uses the Care-of Address that the identical network prefix is arranged with old router.In this method, owing to need between new and old couple in router, carry out Signalling exchange between the two, setting up bidirectional tunnel, so handover delay has been introduced in the processing of these signaling messages.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of prior art, a kind of mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel is provided.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel, be used for when the switching of mobile node when old couple in router moves to new couple in router, described mobile node has old Care-of Address at old couple in router place; Comprise step:
1) transmit by the message between mobile node and the new couple in router, when new couple in router judged that described mobile node generation network layer is switched, this new couple in router was described mobile node configuration one new Care-of Address;
2) transmit by the message between mobile node and the old couple in router, between mobile node and old couple in router, set up a two-way tunnel (Bi-directional Tunnel); The address, two ends of this bidirectional tunnel is respectively the IPv6 address of the new Care-of Address and the old couple in router of mobile node.
In such scheme, when portable terminal switches to new couple in router from old couple in router, trigger fast handover procedures with the triggering signal that produces in this handoff procedure.Described triggering signal is that link layer switches the link startup signal that produces when finishing.
In such scheme, the message between described mobile node and the new couple in router transmits and comprises:
Mobile node receives described triggering signal, sends a router solicitation to new couple in router then
Message; Described router solicitation message comprises a flag bit, and this flag bit is used to identify described router
Request message is the router solicitation message of fast handover procedures;
Described new couple in router receives described router solicitation message, discerns described flag bit;
Described new couple in router sends the router response message to mobile node; Described router is replied
The new Care-of Address that comprises described mobile node in the message.
In such scheme, also comprise an IP address option in the described router solicitation message, its content is the IP address of the current couple in router of mobile node; Described new couple in router judges according to the IP address option in the router solicitation message whether mobile node network layer takes place switch.
In such scheme, described new couple in router is configured to this mobile node according to the MAC Address of mobile node and disposes described new Care-of Address.
In such scheme, also comprise a verification step in step 1): described new couple in router is verified the uniqueness of this new Care-of Address, if this Care-of Address is used, then new couple in router need be redistributed another address for mobile node, and verifies the uniqueness of address once more.
In such scheme, described new couple in router sends the router response message immediately after receiving described router solicitation message.
In such scheme, the message between described mobile node and the old couple in router transmits and comprises:
Described mobile node sends quick Binding Update message to described old couple in router;
Described old couple in router sends binding response message fast to mobile node.
In such scheme, the source address of the IPv6 stem of described quick Binding Update message is the new Care-of Address of mobile node, and destination address is the IPv6 address of old couple in router; The old Care-of Address that comprises mobile node in the home address option of described quick Binding Update message.
After adopting fast switch over method of the present invention, communication mode between mobile node MN and the Correspondent Node CN is as follows: the destination address that CN is sent to MN is after the datagram of old Care-of Address oCoA arrives old couple in router oAR, to carry out tunnel encapsulation through oAR and be forwarded to MN then; The source address that MN is sent to CN is the data message of oCoA, carries out tunnel encapsulation at the MN place and sends, and these datagrams by decapsulation, are forwarded to CN at the oAR place at last.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) in contrast in the prior art and between new and old router, set up bidirectional tunnel, the present invention sets up bidirectional tunnel (Bi-directional Tunnel) between mobile node and the old couple in router that switches preceding place, make mobile node can continue to use old Care-of Address communication, and do not need to carry out between the new and old couple in router Signalling exchange, so accelerated switch speed, reduced handover delay.
2) Care-of Address of mobile node is by couple in router co-located care-of address rather than mobile node oneself configuration, can reduce the address configuration time, accelerates switch speed, has reduced handover delay.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a mobile IP v 6 handoff scenario schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a fast switch over method flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the ICMP stem in the RS+ message;
Fig. 4 delivers address option in the FRA+ message.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Handoff scenario as shown in Figure 1, MN is connected under the couple in router oAR by WAP (wireless access point) oAP at first, and has finished process to the HA/CN Binding Update at this.MN switches to new couple in router nAR by WAP (wireless access point) nAP subsequently.OAR and network that nAR has jurisdiction over all belong to field network.MN is oCoA at the Care-of Address of oAR place configuration, and the Care-of Address that disposes at the nAR place is nCoA.
Fast switch over method of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, carry out as follows:
1) after mobile node MN switched to new couple in router nAR and set up the connection of the second layer (link layer), the link layer of mobile node can produce link startup (Link-up) triggering signal.The generation of Link-up signal is different because of the difference of wireless technology, is example at this with the wireless lan (wlan) based on 802.11 agreements, the generation condition of this signal of brief description.In IEEE 802.11b agreement, link layer handover procedure comes down to mutual a series of management frames (Frame) between the wireless network card of MN and AP (Access Point, WAP (wireless access point)).When MN sends or receive certain type management frames, indicate the generation of certain part link layer event.Wireless adapter card provides the Link-up signal demand to exist in the Firmware of wireless adapter card the DLL (dynamic link library) of this signal is provided, and needs the support of driver.
2) after MN receives Link-up signal from link layer, send router solicitation RS+ message to router nAR immediately, move detection.The ICMPv6 stem form of RS+ message as shown in Figure 3, the difference of RS+ and common RS message are to have added a flag bit in its ICMPv6 stem, and this flag bit is ' C ' in one embodiment.In the RS+ message, this flag bit---for example ' C ' shows that transmit leg MN request couple in router nAR is its co-located care-of address.In addition, also comprise an IP address option in the RS+ message, its content is the IPv6 address of current couple in router, and the effect of this option will be seen clearlyer hereinafter.
3) after router nAR receives the RS+ message of MN transmission, detect this message and whether comprise flag bit ' C '.If no, just handle according to general RS message; Otherwise, illustrate that this RS message is that mobile node is at the router solicitation RS+ message that sends between transfer period fast.At this moment, router nAR needs also to judge whether mobile node MN three layers (network layer) has taken place switched.Deterministic process is as follows: address that IP address option in the RS+ message is comprised and the IPv6 address of router nAR oneself compare, if the two is identical, illustrate that three layers of switching do not take place MN, at this moment the router nAR router of replying a routine to MN is replied (RA) message and is got final product; Otherwise, illustrating that three layers of switching have taken place MN, this moment, router nAR did following three work:
3a) co-located care-of address
According to the MAC Address of the MN that comprises in the network prefix of router receiving port and the RS+ message, router nAR is the new Care-of Address nCoA of MN structure, checks then whether this address is used by other users, to guarantee the uniqueness of this Care-of Address nCoA.If be used, then nAR need distribute another address for MN, and verifies the uniqueness of this address again.In the specific implementation of IPv6, access device generally adopts Access Control List (ACL), and (this is as well known to those skilled in the art for AccessControl List, the ACL) forwarding of control user data.Therefore, when the present invention specifically implements, can verify the uniqueness of this new Care-of Address according to the user list of access control lists (ACL) or similar this function.
3b) the structure router is replied (RA+) message
Replying the RA message with common router compares, the router response message here is except for example comprising option such as network prefix, MAC Address, also will add a new Care-of Address option in the router response message, its content is the Care-of Address of new couple in router nAR for this MN configuration.For being different from general RA message, this router response message can being become and be referred to as the RA+ message.The form of Care-of Address option as shown in Figure 4.
3c) send the RA+ message to MN
After having constructed the RA+ message, nAR sends to MN with this message.RFC2462 regulation, for fear of conflict, router receives that not sending router immediately behind router solicitation (RS) message replys (RA) message, but wants random delay 0s to 0.5s.As a kind of preferred version, adopted a kind of quick RA scheme to send the RA+ message among the present invention, promptly on a link, allow a router and do not carry out above-mentioned time-delay, but send RA immediately.For being different from other RA messages, the RA+ message that sends under this quick RA mechanism is called FRA+.
4) after MN receives FRA+, judge whether to have taken place three layers of switching according to the information such as network prefix that comprise among the FRA+.If three layers of switching do not take place, then do not carry out following operation; Otherwise:
4a) construct quick Binding Update (FBU) message.The source address of the Ipv6 stem of FBU is the nCoA that comprises in the FRA+ message, and destination address is the IPv6 address of oAR.Comprise oCoA in the home address option of FBU (Home Address Option).
4b) send the FBU message to old couple in router oAR.
5) after oAR receives FBU, carry out following operation according to message content:
5a) set up binding list item between nCoA and the oCoA.
5b) set up a tunnel, the entry address in this tunnel is the Ipv6 address of oAR, and exit address is nCoA.
5c) send binding fast and reply (FBACK) message to MN.
Like this, it is the message of oCoA that oAR intercepts and captures destination address, carries out the IPv6/IPv6 encapsulation then, makes to be forwarded to MN at last in the source of outer field IPv6 stem, the entrance and exit address that destination address is respectively the tunnel.These messages are in the decapsulation of MN place, and then are delivered to application program.
6) MN receives FBACK, has successfully carried out associative operation if this message shows oAR, then sets up reverse tunnel, and its entry address is nCoA, and exit address is the IPv6 address of oAR.A bidirectional tunnel (Bi-directional Tunnel) has so just been set up after setting up in anti-phase tunnel between oAR and MN.
Like this, MN is that the message of oCoA carries out the IPv6/IPv6 encapsulation to the source address that is about to send, and makes the source of outer field IPv6 stem, the entrance and exit address that destination address is respectively the tunnel.These messages through decapsulation, and then are forwarded to real destination after arriving oAR.
Notice that after reverse tunnel was set up, only source address was to send after the datagram of oCoA encapsulates through IPv6/IPv6.Because MN is nCoA to the source address of the Binding Update message that HA/CN sends, therefore can adopt tunnel style, but directly send.
7) when MN at the nAR place after the Binding Update of HA/CN is finished, therefore data flow brings into use new Care-of Address nCoA to transmit, and no longer adopts the bidirectional tunnel mode.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel is used for when the switching of mobile node when old couple in router moves to new couple in router, and described mobile node has old Care-of Address at the old router place that is pressed into; Comprise step:
1) transmit by the message between mobile node and the new couple in router, when new couple in router judged that described mobile node generation network layer is switched, this new couple in router was described mobile node configuration one new Care-of Address;
2) transmit by the message between mobile node and the old couple in router, between mobile node and old couple in router, set up a two-way tunnel; The address, two ends of this bidirectional tunnel is respectively the IPv6 address of the new Care-of Address and the old couple in router of mobile node.
2, the mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when portable terminal switches to new couple in router from old couple in router, triggers fast handover procedures with the triggering signal that produces in this handoff procedure.
3, the mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described triggering signal is that link layer switches the link startup signal that produces when finishing.
4, the mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in step 1), the message between described mobile node and the new couple in router transmits and comprises:
Mobile node receives described triggering signal, sends a router solicitation message to new couple in router then; Described router solicitation message comprises a flag bit, the router solicitation message that it is fast handover procedures that this flag bit is used to identify described router solicitation message;
Described new couple in router receives described router solicitation message, discerns described flag bit;
Described new couple in router sends the router response message to mobile node; The new Care-of Address that comprises described mobile node in the described router response message.
5, the mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel according to claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises an IP address option in the described router solicitation message, and its content is the IP address of the current couple in router of mobile node; Described new couple in router judges according to the IP address option in the router solicitation message whether mobile node network layer takes place switch.
6, the mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 1), described new couple in router is configured to this mobile node according to the MAC Address of mobile node and disposes described new Care-of Address.
7, the mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 1), also comprise a verification step: described new couple in router is verified the uniqueness of this new Care-of Address, if this Care-of Address is used, then new couple in router need be redistributed another address for mobile node, and verifies the uniqueness of address once more.
8, the mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described new couple in router sends the router response message immediately after receiving described router solicitation message.
9, the mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step 2) in, the message between described mobile node and the old couple in router transmits and comprises:
Described mobile node sends quick Binding Update message to described old couple in router;
Described old couple in router sends binding response message fast to mobile node.
10, the mobility IPv 6 rapid switching method based on the tunnel according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, the source address of the IPv6 stem of described quick Binding Update message is the new Care-of Address of mobile node, and destination address is the IPv6 address of old couple in router; The old Care-of Address that comprises mobile node in the home address option of described quick Binding Update message.
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| CNB2004100091558A CN100349432C (en) | 2004-05-31 | 2004-05-31 | Tunnel based mobile IPv6 quick switching method |
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Families Citing this family (14)
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| US8406191B2 (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2013-03-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pseudo wires for mobility management |
| CN101051986B (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2010-04-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for realizing quick switch |
| CN101005444B (en) * | 2006-06-24 | 2011-12-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for quick switching |
| CN101119291A (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-02-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and system for processing three-layer switch |
| US8406237B2 (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2013-03-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for implementing proxy mobile IP in foreign agent care-of address mode |
| CN101232698B (en) * | 2007-01-23 | 2013-04-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Terminal, system and method for reducing switch time delay |
| US7953044B2 (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2011-05-31 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Method, component and system for network-based handover |
| US8014357B2 (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2011-09-06 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for managing address prefix information associated with handover in networks |
| US8576795B2 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2013-11-05 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for handoff between source and target access systems |
| CN101304365B (en) * | 2007-05-08 | 2012-12-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | Authentication method and authentication system |
| US8289862B2 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2012-10-16 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for dynamic LMA assignment in proxy mobile IPv6 protocol |
| CN101594609B (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2012-08-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, system and node for maintaining continuous conversation during switching among different domains |
| CN101635663B (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2012-06-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data transmission method, data transmission system and network equipment |
| CN102761928A (en) * | 2011-04-25 | 2012-10-31 | 上海无线通信研究中心 | Heterogeneous network switching method for group user based on business QoS |
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