CN101343116A - Quick start method for anaerobic ammonia oxidation bioreactor for urban sewage - Google Patents
Quick start method for anaerobic ammonia oxidation bioreactor for urban sewage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed is a quick startup method of an urban sewage anaerobic ammonium oxidation bioreactor, which belongs to the fields of urban sewage disposal and resource utilization. The method aims to solve the problems of high energy and material consumption, and difficult startup of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process applied to the urban sewage denitrogenation treatment of the current urban sewage biological denitrogenation method. The method comprises: adopting a biomembrane filter chamber system under normal temperature, directly inoculating anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, making the biomembrane filter chamber system adapt to the acclimation and amplification environment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria through adjusting the equipment operation parameters of the reactor, and rapidly realizing the successful startup of the urban sewage anaerobic ammonium oxidation biological autotrophic denitrogenation reactor. The method applies a new discovery in science of quick startup of the reactor implementing a simple process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation biological autotrophic denitrogenation to the high-efficiency and low-consumption denitrogenation treatment of urban domestic sewage for the first time, and has the advantages of short startup period of the reactor, stable system operation, excellent effects of sewage disposal and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to municipal sewage treatment and resource utilization field.Be specifically related to be exclusively used in the method that municipal effluent Anammox biology starts fast from the oxygen denitrification reactor under the normal temperature condition.
Background technology
Traditional nitrated/denitrification biological denitrogenation technology is huge in nitrated stage energy consumption, if do not consider the propagation of nitrifier in the nitrifying process, then oxidation 1g ammonia nitrogen (NH
4 +-N) be nitrate nitrogen (NO
3 --N) will consume 4.57gO
2, 7.14g basicity is (with CaCO
3Meter); Denitrification stage carbon source demand amount height, reduction 1gNO
3 --N needs the biodegradable COD of 2.86g as hydrogen donor.At present, the C/N of city domestic sewage is lower, and it is the carbon source deficiency that biological denitrificaion is handled the greatest problem that is faced, and must additionally add carbon source for reaching denitrification effect, thereby cause the energy consumption of sewage disposal and cost to increase greatly, this is the key point of restriction China's municipal sewage treatment and resource utilization.
Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation is called for short Anammox) is meant that under anaerobic anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is electron donor with the ammonia nitrogen, with nitrite (NO
2 --N) be electron acceptor(EA), directly ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are changed into nitrogen simultaneously and discharge into the atmosphere, thereby realize the purpose that nitrogen removes in the waste water.Because the Anammox approach is at nitrosification (Nitrosification, claim short distance nitration again) the biological autotrophic denitrification that carries out on the basis, so it is compared with traditional nitrated/denitrification denitrogenation technology, have oxygen-consumption few, do not need numerous advantages such as carbon source and sludge yield be low.Therefore, Anammox is the simplest and the most direct approach of present biological denitrificaion, can be regarded as a kind of biological denitrification process of Sustainable development.Relevant its research has become the focus of domestic and international concern.At present, about the research and the application of anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, mainly be at high temperature high ammonia-nitrogen wastewaters such as sludge digestion phegma and percolates, and still be in the exploratory stage for the research of low ammonia nitrogen municipal effluent Anammox under the normal temperature condition.The anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria throughput rate is very slow, and maximum specific growth rate is 0.0027/h, and the doubling time is 11d, and this just causes its cultivation enrichment very difficult, the several months consuming time at least.The problem that the technology starting period is long has become and hindered the main bottleneck that this simple and direct low-consumption process is used in the municipal effluent denitrogenation processing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve existing municipal effluent biological denitrificaion energy consumption material consumption height and anaerobic ammonia oxidation process and be applied to have the problem that starts difficulty in the municipal sewage treatment, and a kind of quick start method of municipal effluent high-efficiency low-consumption biological denitrification technology is provided.
The quick start method of a kind of municipal effluent high-efficiency low-consumption biological denitrification technology provided by the present invention, be under normal temperature condition, secondary effluent (phosphorus and organism have obtained removing) with municipal effluent aerobic/anaerobic biological phosphate-eliminating is basic water, adopt the microbial film filter tank system, the direct inoculation anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, by adjusting the equipment operating parameter of reactor, realize the successful startup of the biological self-supported denitrification reactor of municipal effluent Anammox fast.
Concrete steps are as follows:
1) builds the biological filter reactor
The filtrate of biological filter can be inorganic materials such as quartz sand, pottery, volcanics, can be organic materialss such as plastics, fiber, resin also, is shaped as granular, waved plate, honeycombed etc.Can select a kind of filtrate, evenly arranging with a kind of density, or adopt different densities to arrange, also can be multiple filtrate layered arrangement.
Peristaltic-type pump arrangement is installed, and with the sewage water (flow) direction in the control biological filter, the sewage water (flow) direction can adopt down to stream or upward flow.
2) biological filter inoculation anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria
The anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria bacterial classification is inserted in the biological filter reactor that step 1) builds, can adopt different operation scheme according to different vaccination ways, specific as follows:
A, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is inserted the upper end of biological filter reactor, the sewage water (flow) direction should adopt down to stream, helps anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria biofilm growth on the filler of lower end.
B, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is inserted the lower end of biological filter reactor, the sewage water (flow) direction should adopt upward flow, so just helps anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria biofilm and amplification on the filler of upper end.
C, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is evenly sneaked in the filtrate of biological filter, the sewage water (flow) direction can adopt upward flow, also can adopt down to stream, to realize the propagation of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria.
3) anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria domestication
In step 2) on the basis, operation biological filter reactor.Influent ammonium concentration is controlled at 30mg/L, and the nitrite nitrogen concentration is controlled at 40mg/L, and pH is controlled at 8.0.Simultaneously, filtering velocity is controlled at the lower level of 0.5m/h, to promote biomembranous stable propagation.The biological filter effluent recycling is to distribution reservoir, recycle, thus avoided the loss of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria.Total nitrogen load when this biological filter begins to increase, and promptly begins to surpass 0.1kgN/ (m
3D) time, think that anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria tames ripe in the biological filter.This stage needs 18 days.
4) anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria rapid amplifying
On the step 3) basis, the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the biological filter begins to enter the rapid amplifying stage, and influent ammonium concentration is controlled at 30mg/L, and the nitrite nitrogen concentration is controlled at 40mg/L, and pH is controlled at 8.0.Simultaneously, improve hydraulic load, filtering velocity is controlled at 2m/h.The biological filter water outlet still is back to distribution reservoir, recycle, and avoid the loss of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria.Remove load when the total nitrogen that starts the biological filter and reach 2kgN/ (m
3When d) above, be higher than before the inoculation the average removal load of biological filter on a small scale, think that this biological filter extension starts successfully.This stage needs 42 days.
Compare with existing municipal effluent anaerobic ammonia oxidation process startup method, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The inventive method is under normal temperature condition, adopt the direct inoculation mode to start the Anammox biological filter, start-up period shortens than existing methods greatly, can reduce the time more than 50%, promptly from being reduced to two months more than existing half a year, this has just solved anaerobic ammonia oxidation process and has started difficult key issue, and using in the through engineering approaches of municipal effluent for Anammox provides technical guarantee.This just makes the cost of municipal effluent manipulation of regeneration reduce greatly becomes possibility, has accelerated the process of sewage recycling, provides technical support for alleviating and solving the water crisis.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment
Test is basic water with certain community life sewage through aerobic/anaerobic biological phosphate-eliminating secondary treatment yielding water, and concrete water quality is as follows: COD=50～60mg/L, BOD
5≤ 15mg/L, SS≤30mg/L, NH
4 +-N=55～85mg/L, NO
2 --N≤0.25mg/L, NO
3 --N≤1.5mg/L, TP≤1mg/L, PH=7.0～8.5.
Effluent quality after handle the Anammox biological filter is as follows: COD＜50mg/L; BOD
5＜10mg/L; SS＜10mg/L; NH
4 +-N＜5mg/L, clearance is more than 95%; TN≤15mg/L, clearance is more than 90%; TP≤0.5mg/L; PH=7.0～8.5.
Concrete processing is as follows:
1) builds the biological filter
With the synthetic glass is to use material, and being processed into diameter is 20cm, and height is 3 meters a filter post.It is the pebbles of 1-2cm that the filter post lowest layer is laid the high particle diameter of 20cm, and as supporting layer, the volcanics that adds the 150cm particle diameter again and be 6-8mm is as the main reaction region filler.Filtering velocity with peristaltic pump control biological filter.
2) influent quality pre-treatment
With municipal effluent aerobic/anaerobic biological phosphate-eliminating secondary treatment yielding water is basic water, and adding Sodium Nitrite provides Anammox essential NO
2 --N response matrix adds tap water, and the ammonia nitrogen in the water inlet and the concentration of nitrite nitrogen are controlled at 30mg/L and 40mg/L respectively, and accurately controlling water inlet pH by pH on-line Control instrument is 8.
3) anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria domestication and rapid amplifying
With step 2) in water outlet introduce the Anammox biological filter of putting up in the step 1).With the top of Anammox bacterial classification access biological filter, to stream, help anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria like this and in the biological filter, stablize biofilm under adopt the biological filter.In the domestication stage, by adjusting the rotating speed of peristaltic pump, the filtering velocity of Anammox biological filter is controlled at 0.5m/h, after 18 days, the total nitrogen of this biological filter load surpasses 0.1kgN/ (m
3D), and show a rising trend, this inner anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria that inserts in explanation biological filter has adapted to the environment of inside reactor, and begins to enter the amplification stage.In the amplification stage, increase the rotating speed of peristaltic pump, make the filtering velocity of Anammox biological filter reach 2m/h, like this, after 42 days, the total nitrogen of biological filter is removed load and is reached 2kgN/ (m
3D) more than, and be higher than the average removal load of inoculating preceding biological filter on a small scale, think that then this biological filter extension starts successfully.
4) the biological filter of Anammox post steady running
Change the water (flow) direction of Anammox biological filter into upward flow, help the nitrogen that produces in the discharge system in time like this, avoid because of the stifled phenomenon that causes the transmission of Anammox response matrix to be obstructed of gas.Adjust the peristaltic pump rotating speed, Anammox biological filter filtering velocity is controlled at 3m/h.Anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the biological filter is an electron donor with the ammonia nitrogen, is electron acceptor(EA) with the nitrite nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen in the sewage and nitrite nitrogen are converted into nitrogen in the lump.Simultaneously, because the physical filtering effect of biological filter, the SS in the sewage also can well be removed.Under the normal temperature operational conditions, in the water outlet of Anammox biological filter, ammonia nitrogen is 2mg/L, and nitrite nitrogen is 0mg/L, and nitrate nitrogen is 10mg/L.This water quality is better than municipal effluent one-level A emission standard, satisfies the reuse water user to requirements in water quality.
Claims (1)
1. a quick start method for anaerobic ammonia oxidation bioreactor for urban sewage is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) builds the biological filter reactor
2) biological filter inoculation anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria
The anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria bacterial classification is inserted in the biological filter reactor that step 1) builds, can adopt different operation scheme according to different vaccination ways, specific as follows:
A, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is inserted the upper end of biological filter reactor, the sewage water (flow) direction adopts down to stream, and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is the biofilm growth on the filler of lower end;
B, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is inserted the lower end of biological filter reactor, the sewage water (flow) direction adopts upward flow, and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is biofilm and amplification on the filler of upper end;
C, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is evenly sneaked in the filtrate of biological filter, the sewage water (flow) direction adopts upward flow or adopts down to stream, realizes the propagation of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria;
3) anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria domestication
In step 2) on the basis, operation biological filter reactor; Influent ammonium concentration is controlled at 30mg/L, and the nitrite nitrogen concentration is controlled at 40mg/L, and pH is controlled at 8.0; Simultaneously, filtering velocity is controlled at 0.5m/h biological filter effluent recycling to distribution reservoir, recycle; Total nitrogen load when this biological filter begins to surpass 0.1kgN/ (m
3D) time, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is tamed ripe in the biological filter;
4) anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria rapid amplifying
On the step 3) basis, the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the biological filter begins to enter the rapid amplifying stage, and influent ammonium concentration is controlled at 30mg/L, and the nitrite nitrogen concentration is controlled at 40mg/L, and pH is controlled at 8.0; Simultaneously, improve hydraulic load, filtering velocity is controlled at 2m/; The biological filter water outlet still is back to distribution reservoir, recycle; Remove load when the total nitrogen that starts the biological filter and reach 2kgN/ (m
3When d) above, this biological filter extension starts successfully.
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| CN112939333A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-11 | 上海大学 | Method for quickly starting anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor and quickly improving total nitrogen removal load |
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