CN101343060A - Organic absorbent charcoal and preparing method - Google Patents
Organic absorbent charcoal and preparing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101343060A CN101343060A CNA2008101353448A CN200810135344A CN101343060A CN 101343060 A CN101343060 A CN 101343060A CN A2008101353448 A CNA2008101353448 A CN A2008101353448A CN 200810135344 A CN200810135344 A CN 200810135344A CN 101343060 A CN101343060 A CN 101343060A
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Abstract
The invention provides an organic activated carbon and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method is characterized in that an organic raw material is adopted as natural grass woody rotted plant peat or peat of planus type, and the organic raw material is sent to be rolled and extruded in template type and screened by purifying water so that completed granules, which contain hard and long fibers and various impurities, can be removed; the granules are sun and air dried or heated, mixed and dried; the dried granules are electromagnetically screened so as to remove heavy metal, and are changed into a powdery material, then the powdery material is extruded and molded into grains and carbonized, the grains are carbonized in oxidation protection type by infrared rays, and the carbonized grains are selected by the machine to grade the evenness; the carbonized grains are activated by pure steam, and organic activated carbon is generated; and the finished product is manufactured by special machine models, and grains and powder are graded according to the sizes of the carbon grains. The powder-shaped activated carbon can be refined again in dust free environment to reach the activated carbon of sub-nanometer grade or nanometer grade. Or with reasonable template process, the organic activated carbon of multiple specifications and performances can be manufactured. The organic activated carbon has the advantages of even texture, same weight, thorough carbonization and surface area of high ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic gac, specifically a kind of organic absorbent charcoal and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Gac is a kind of environmental protection sorbing material of uniqueness, has good adsorption performance and stable chemical property, can tolerate strong acid, highly basic, stands water logging, high temperature, high pressure effect.Compare with other sorbent materials; gac has huge microvoid structure; and high-specific surface area; utilize the physical adsorption of gac; chemisorption; biological absorption; catalysis; oxidation and reducing property; can remove waste water; airborne pollution substance; therefore; gac is widely used in industry; agricultural; medical treatment; environment; military; in the field; so the market of gac is very big at present; and add up consumption increase rate to the tool U.S. in 2006 and reach 3.5%; and the granulated active carbon consumption increase rate is higher than the powdery rate of increase is 3.7%, estimates that the demand rate of increase will reach 4-4.5% from now on.
China is the big country that produces gac, and the gac ultimate production occupies the second in the world, and the about 200,000 tons of row of gac annual export volume rank first in the world; Produced gac in the past and mostly adopt timber, coal, shell etc., in order to make Green Product, and to hurt the woods, have influence on green environment be inappropriate.In China this organic resource of the bigger vegetation of standing stock is arranged, utilize existing affluent resources, open up the new approach of producing gac and be necessary; And present the containing ashes and also need reduce of gac, its quality homogeneity, high-specific surface area, absorption property, intensity also all await improving.
The gac of being produced at present, mostly be that the hard macrofiber of employing is the charing mode of carbon raw material, and hard long stapled characteristic has determined after its activation, is Subnano-class, the nano level gac that can not be processed into the scientific and technological required usefulness of some modernization (as: efficient chemical defence articles for use).
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned technical deficiency part, and provide a kind of novel carbon raw material that utilizes, prepare a kind of organic absorbent charcoal and manufacture method thereof, both possessed the ability that to finish existing each task, and can be competent at existing gac again and can't reach high-specific surface area, the nano level requirement of colory high level.
The objective of the invention is to finish in the following manner: a kind of organic absorbent charcoal and manufacture method thereof, the main conventional operation that in manufacture method, includes the present technique field of granulation, drying, charing, activation, purification, 1., adopt organic matter material it is characterized in that:, be woody humus peat of natural grass or moss peat, carry out 1 by weight: (4～7) add the water purification dilution, screen, removal contains hard macrofiber and various foreign material, send into template type rolling extruding, tentatively finish granulation; 2., drying-granulating: it is air-dry to carry out natural drying, or heats 45～120 ℃ of stirring and dryings; 3., carrying out the electromagnetism screening removes heavy metal, collection carbonaceous material; 4., with the meal extrusion molding, be made into particulate matter; 5., charing: carry out 200～295 ℃ of anti-oxidation type charing carbonization conditions with infrared rays; Carbonization time is to make carbide in 20～29 minutes; 6., machine selects the charing finished product, carries out classification by the uniform particles degree; 7., activation: adopt the pure water steam to activate, activation condition is 400～780 ℃; Soak time is 100～300 minutes, generates organic absorbent charcoal thing not of uniform size; 8., to the organic absorbent charcoal thing, adopt custom-built machine configuration Mold Making, obtain organic active carbon finished products, and be classified into according to the carbon granule size again: the particulate state finished product; Powdered finished product; 8. a, according to application target require, by industry standard in no dust environment, powdered active carbon is carried out dispersion and fining once more, reach Subnano-class or nano level active charcoal, wherein: 1 nanometer equals one of 1,000,000 millimeters.9., to the organic absorbent charcoal finished product, by performance, specification, granular size, particular requirement is packed respectively.
Adopt custom-built machine configuration Mold Making, perhaps be equipped with rational form technology, preparation organic matter particle shaped activated carbon or Powdered or Subnano-class or nano level active charcoal, the organic absorbent charcoal of manufacturing plurality of specifications and performance.
In case of necessity, the batching sorbent material is in order to the soil dust ashes of big territory reduction product.
The organic absorbent charcoal of Zhi Zaoing has as stated above:
The microgap volume of A, granular active carbon reaches 0.65～0.75cm
3/ g specific surface area reaches 1500～1780m
2/ g absorptive capacity reaches 1100～1250mg/g (iodine numerical value), and the prussic acid specific absorption is 90～98%;
B, Powdered active carbon granule degree reach Subnano-class, and specific surface area reaches 1800～2100m
2/ g, absorptive capacity reaches 1250～400mg/g (iodine numerical value);
C, nuclear test waste adsorption rate: 75～80%;
D, biological chemistry poisonous substance adsorption rate: 85～93%;
E, purification of water quality rate: 75～89%;
F, heavy metal adsorption rate and greasy dirt treatment effect: 90～98%.
When being used for the coating of chemical defence clothes, apply under the situation identical with the currently available products performance, its chemical defence clothes can reach and alleviate half weight; The substrate base-material can reach and reduce by a half thickness, and in this case, ventilation property then increases into 3 times with adsorption, and washcoated again coating eluting rate 10～18%.
The present invention compared with the prior art advantage is: the organic absorbent charcoal that has adopted organic peat to make as raw material, has randomness, can be according to the service requirements difference, the carbon granule size is transformed, and each part of gac has machining characteristics such as quality is even, the matter heavy phase is same, charing is thorough.Can also increase its surface-area and micropore quantity after the activation, improve the adsorptivity of gac therefrom, satisfy the requirement of in numerous areas needs Subnano-class or nano level active charcoal.Be applicable to industry, agricultural, medical treatment, environment, military affairs, chemical defence, be applied on the store battery that its matter is heavy to alleviate 2/3rds, electric power storage can then can improve 20 times more than.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Adopting organic matter material is woody humus peat 1000 grams of natural grass, adds water purification 5000 grams by weight and dilute, sends in the template, the extruding of rolling, passes through the tooth harrow vibratory screening, and removal contains hard macrofiber and various foreign material; The peat granulation of selecting, it is air-dry to carry out natural drying, perhaps heats 45～75 ℃ of stirring and dryings; Adopt the electromagnetism screening to remove heavy metal, collect various carbonaceous material not of uniform size, it is 0.2～1.5mm type that meal is squeezed into granularity; Adopt infrared rays to carry out anti-oxidation type charing, 210～250 ℃ of carbonization conditions; Carbonization time is 20～25 minutes; Machine selects the charing finished product, carries out the classification of even particle size degree; Adopt the pure water steam to activate, activation condition is 450～650 ℃; Soak time is 100～260 minutes, generates organic absorbent charcoal not of uniform size; To the organic absorbent charcoal finished product, by performance, specification, granular size, particular requirement is packed respectively.
Embodiment 2
Adopting organic matter material is natural moss peat 1500 grams, adds water purification 7500 grams by weight and dilutes, and sends in the template, and the extruding of rolling by the tooth harrow vibratory screening, is removed and contained hard macrofiber and various foreign material; The peat granulation of selecting, it is air-dry to carry out natural drying, perhaps heats 50～88 ℃ of stirring and dryings, adopts infrared rays to carry out anti-oxidation type charing, 240～290 ℃ of carbonization conditions; Carbonization time is 25～29 minutes; Machine selects the charing finished product, carries out the classification of even particle size degree; Adopt the pure water steam to activate, activation condition is 480～730 ℃; Soak time is 150～290 minutes, generates organic absorbent charcoal not of uniform size; To the organic absorbent charcoal finished product, by performance, specification, granular size, particular requirement is packed respectively.
The organic gac that the present invention makes, the experimental section detected result is as follows through specialized force:
| Sample number into spectrum | BET specific surface area (m 2/g) | Langmiur specific surface area (m 2/g) | Total hole volume (m 2/g) | Micropore volume (m 2/g) |
| Granular active carbon | 1765 | 1969 | 1.120 | 0.7305 |
| Powdered active carbon | 1886 | 2100 | 1.225 | 0.7756 |
In the table: the catalyst surface area that on behalf of Bu Lu Nao E-Ai Meite-Taylor's method, BET measure.
Carried out chemical defence clothes cloth dip test and detected having a tame professional printing and dyeing head factory, to applying biochemical defence suit of the present invention and existing biochemical defence suit with being under the environment, compare performance measurement to finish same task, chemical defence clothes of the present invention have only half weight of existing chemical defence clothes; The substrate base-material reduces by a half thickness than existing biochemical defence suit; In this case, ventilation property and adsorption then increase by 3 times, and washcoated again coating eluting rate is 16%.
The used general mouth mask in the earthquake-stricken area, its epidemic prevention ability is relatively poor, and the bigger dust of part particle has only been adsorbed in big portion.Organic gac overlay medical mask of the present invention have air permeability and good and adsorption, and the epidemic prevention ability is strong, the infectivity germ that does not have discovery to exceed standard.
The present invention obtains the gac that distributes than bigger serface, with larger aperture and narrowed aperture, excellent adsorption, both possessed the ability that to finish existing each task, can be competent at the existing gac fine quality that is beyond one's reach again, possesses high-rise randomness, can adjust to changed conditions by different needs, as: Subnano-class, the nano level gac of efficient chemical defence articles for use, the scientific and technological required usefulness of modernization.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of manufacture method of organic absorbent charcoal includes the main conventional operation in the present technique field of granulation, drying, charing, activation, purification, it is characterized in that:
A, employing organic matter material are the woody humus peat of natural grass, carry out 1 by weight: (4～7) add the water purification dilution, screen, and remove and contain hard macrofiber and various foreign material, send into template type rolling extruding, tentatively finish granulation;
B, drying-granulating: it is air-dry to carry out natural drying, or heats 45～120 ℃ of stirring and dryings;
C, carry out electromagnetism screening and remove heavy metal, collect the carbonaceous material;
D, with the meal extrusion molding, be made into particulate matter;
E, charing: adopt infrared rays to carry out anti-oxidation type charing: 200～295 ℃ of carbonization conditions; Carbonization time is to make carbide in 20～29 minutes;
F, machine select carbide: carry out classification by the uniform particles degree;
G, activation: adopt the pure water steam to activate, activation condition is 400～780 ℃; Soak time is 100～300 minutes, generates the organic absorbent charcoal thing;
H, to the organic absorbent charcoal thing, adopt custom-built machine configuration Mold Making, obtain active carbon finished products, and be classified into according to the carbon granule size again: the particulate state finished product; Powdered finished product;
I, organic absorbent charcoal finished product to making, by performance, specification, granular size, particular requirement is packed respectively.
2, the manufacture method of organic absorbent charcoal according to claim 1 is characterized in that the organic matter material that is adopted or is natural moss peat.
3, the manufacture method of organic absorbent charcoal according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that placing dustfree environment according to the application target requirement by industry standard, and powdered active carbon is carried out dispersion and fining once more, reaches Subnano-class or nano level active charcoal.
4, the manufacture method of organic absorbent charcoal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the custom-built machine that adopts configuration mould, perhaps be equipped with rational form technology, preparation organic matter particle shaped activated carbon or powdered active carbon or Subnano-class or nano level active charcoal, the organic gac of manufacturing plurality of specifications and performance.
5, a kind of organic absorbent charcoal of making as stated above is characterized in that:
The microgap volume of A, granular active carbon reaches 0.65～0.75cm
3/ g; Specific surface area (BET) reaches 1500～1780m
2/ g; Absorptive capacity is 1100～1250mg/g (an iodine numerical value), and the prussic acid specific absorption is 90～98%;
The granularity of B, powdered active carbon reaches Subnano-class, and specific surface area reaches 1800～2100m
2/ g, absorptive capacity reaches 1250～4000mg/g (iodine numerical value);
C, nuclear test waste adsorption rate: 75～80%;
D, biological chemistry poisonous substance adsorption rate: 85～93%;
E, purification of water quality rate: 75～89%;
F, heavy metal adsorption rate and greasy dirt treatment effect: 90～98%.
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 5 described organic absorbent charcoals, when it is characterized in that as coating chemical defence clothes, when applying under the situation identical with the currently available products performance, its chemical defence clothes can reach the weight that alleviates half; The substrate base-material can reach the thickness that reduces half, and in this case, ventilation property and adsorption then increase by 3 times, and washcoated again coating eluting rate 10～18%.
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| CN2008101353448A CN101343060B (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2008-08-01 | Organic absorbent charcoal preparing method |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101913602A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2010-12-15 | 重庆高能活性炭有限公司 | Organic active carbon prepared from silkworm faeces and preparation method thereof |
| CN101947433A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江建中竹业科技有限公司 | Multiple-aperture carbon granule air purification agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN103738961A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-23 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing hollow and solid spherical active carbon by humus |
| CN104237092A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 华东理工大学 | Rapid detection method for human respiratory exposure |
| CN104401991A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-11 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Method for preparing activated carbon with high specific surface area by using conyza canadensis |
| CN104743556A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-01 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Powder active carbon prepared by using turf as raw material and preparation method of powder active carbon |
| CN104801306A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-29 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Powdered activated carbon catalyst prepared from turf used as raw material and preparation method |
| CN104843700A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-08-19 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Powered activated carbon prepared by using peat compounding corn stalks as raw materials and preparation method |
| CN105800607A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-07-27 | 济南大学 | Oxidization-resistant activated carbon powder and antioxidant treatment method of activated carbon powder |
| CN109942056A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-28 | 北京化工大学 | A method of the biomass carbon electrode desalination derived from bog moss |
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2008
- 2008-08-01 CN CN2008101353448A patent/CN101343060B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101913602B (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2013-03-20 | 重庆高能活性炭有限公司 | Organic active carbon prepared from silkworm faeces and preparation method thereof |
| CN101913602A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2010-12-15 | 重庆高能活性炭有限公司 | Organic active carbon prepared from silkworm faeces and preparation method thereof |
| CN101947433A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江建中竹业科技有限公司 | Multiple-aperture carbon granule air purification agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN101947433B (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-06-13 | 浙江建中竹业科技有限公司 | Multiple-aperture carbon granule air purification agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN103738961B (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-09-23 | 天津大学 | The method of hollow and solid ball shape active carbon is prepared by soil ulmin |
| CN103738961A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-23 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing hollow and solid spherical active carbon by humus |
| CN104237092B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2017-01-11 | 华东理工大学 | Rapid detection method for human respiratory exposure |
| CN104237092A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 华东理工大学 | Rapid detection method for human respiratory exposure |
| CN104401991A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-11 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Method for preparing activated carbon with high specific surface area by using conyza canadensis |
| CN104743556A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-01 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Powder active carbon prepared by using turf as raw material and preparation method of powder active carbon |
| CN104801306A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-29 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Powdered activated carbon catalyst prepared from turf used as raw material and preparation method |
| CN104843700A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-08-19 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Powered activated carbon prepared by using peat compounding corn stalks as raw materials and preparation method |
| CN104743556B (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2017-05-17 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Powder active carbon prepared by using turf as raw material and preparation method of powder active carbon |
| CN105800607A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-07-27 | 济南大学 | Oxidization-resistant activated carbon powder and antioxidant treatment method of activated carbon powder |
| CN109942056A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-28 | 北京化工大学 | A method of the biomass carbon electrode desalination derived from bog moss |
| CN109942056B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2021-04-09 | 北京化工大学 | Method for desalting biomass carbon electrode derived from sphagnum |
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| CN101343060B (en) | 2010-07-14 |
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