CN101342809A - Method for preparing carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon-copper based composite material - Google Patents
Method for preparing carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon-copper based composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101342809A CN101342809A CNA2007100353395A CN200710035339A CN101342809A CN 101342809 A CN101342809 A CN 101342809A CN A2007100353395 A CNA2007100353395 A CN A2007100353395A CN 200710035339 A CN200710035339 A CN 200710035339A CN 101342809 A CN101342809 A CN 101342809A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a copper-carbon fiber integrate fabric/copper-carbon base composite material and is characterized by including the following steps: weaving a two dimensional network with carbon fibres and copper wires, and then laminating; uniformly scattering graphite powder with particle size of less than or equal to 10 micrometers among the lamination, and then vertically penetrating through the assembly of the carbon fibres and copper wires to obtain a copper-carbon composite body with density ranging from 1.8g/cm<3> to 3.0g/cm<3> by a chemical vapor immerision for 80h to 120h; preparing an infiltration agent which is obtained by mixing copper powder and titanium powder; infiltrating and embedding the composite body for 5min to 15min by the infiltration agent under the conditions of vacuum and temperature ranging from 1100 DEG C to 1500 DEG C. The composite material made by the method overcomes the defects of the mechanical property of the existing copper-carbon materials; the composite material is superior to the existing materials in bending strength, also the composite material has excellent self lubrication wear resistance and high conductivity. The method of the invention is simple in technique and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sliding conduction field of compound material, relate in particular to composite material of carbon/carbon/copper.
Background technology
Composite material of carbon/carbon/copper is the pseudo-alloy that is uniformly mixed to form by immiscible charcoal, copper two-phase, it has the sign physical property of charcoal, copper product concurrently, owing to its good conduction, heat conduction, anti-attrition, anti-wear performance are widely used, for example as friction material, oiliness bearing, contact material, conductive material and machine components material etc.In recent years, composite material of carbon/carbon/copper has a wide range of applications because of the conduction of its excellence, the first-selection that the anti-attrition anti-wear performance becomes modern sliding conduction material.
From instructions for use, the sliding conduction material should satisfy following primary condition: coefficient of friction is low, little to the mating material wearing and tearing, self abrasion is little, resistivity is low, intensity is high.The tradition composite material of carbon/carbon/copper generally has the advantage that coefficient of friction is low, abrasion are little, but its mechanical strength is low, and impact resistance is poor, can not satisfy the user demand of modern sliding conduction material fully.The preparation method of composite material of carbon/carbon/copper has two big classes at present: the plain skeleton infusion process of powder metallurgic method and charcoal.Powder metallurgic method is to adopt charcoal, copper two constituent elements to form through mixing, compacting, sintering, and this method can be selected the composition of material flexibly and strengthen the body type, but because of intermiscibility official post sintering strength between the charcoal copper is low, prepared material mechanical performance is poor.There is the researcher to attempt adopting fiber reinforcement to improve the mechanical property of material, but because the density great disparity of easy reunion of fiber and copper, charcoal, carbon fiber is difficult to be evenly distributed in the matrix, and the carbon fiber of reunion does not only have humidification, and composite shock resistance value is descended.The plain skeleton infusion process of charcoal is the copper of fusion or copper alloy to be immersed in the charcoal base substrate go under HTHP, the electric conductivity of charcoal/copper product is improved to a certain extent, but charcoal copper thermal coefficient of expansion differs greatly, the preparation condition of HTHP easily causes the base substrate crackle, and the shock resistance of charcoal/copper product is still not ideal enough.
From the angle of material preparation because charcoal and copper are nonwetting, when powder metallurgic method prepares charcoal/copper product usually the method for needs employing coating improve interface wet ability.The coating process complexity, industrialization degree is low, makes powder metallurgic method length consuming time, and cost is higher.The preparation process of the plain skeleton infusion process of charcoal needs big pressure, requires base substrate and mould that higher-strength is arranged.Reduce pressure, reduce requirement of strength, need that then base substrate is carried out coating and handle, make preparation cost improve base substrate and mould.Because the equipment investment of the plain skeleton infusion process of charcoal is big, the operating cost height, it is economical inadequately to be used for the big sliding conduction class material of production expendable, and the properties of product fluctuation of impregnation technology preparation is big in addition, is unsuitable for batch process.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of existing composite material of carbon/carbon/copper mechanical properties, the invention provides a kind of new method for preparing the charcoal carbon/carbon-copper composite material, this method technology is simple, with low cost, the carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon for preparing-Cu-base composites shock resistance obviously is better than existing charcoal/copper product, and has high conductivity and good self-lubricating abrasion-resistant characteristic.
The present invention prepares carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon-Cu-base composites by the following technical solutions:
(1) adopt earlier the knitmesh lay-up method to prepare porous charcoal copper composite body: promptly become two-dimensional mesh with the charcoal fibre bundle with the copper wire combined knitting, lamination evenly is sprinkled into the graphite powder of granularity≤10 μ m at interlayer, and the graphite powder amount of being sprinkled into is 100g～300g/m
2, vertically run through with charcoal fibre bundle and copper wire combination again, carry out obtaining density at 1.8～3.0g/cm behind 80～120h chemical vapor infiltration
3Charcoal copper composite body.
(2) preparation is used for the infiltration agent of embedding composite body: the infiltration agent is mixed by Cu powder and Ti powder, and wherein the percentage by weight of Ti powder is 5% to 15%.
(3) with infiltration agent powder embedding composite body: infiltration charcoal copper composite body 5-15min under vacuum, 1100 ℃～1500 ℃ conditions.The infiltration agent by capillarity, is filled in the porous body under molten condition, forms fine and close fibre integral fabric and strengthens Cu-base composites.
Compare with existing composite material of carbon/carbon/copper preparation method, the material that utilizes the inventive method to prepare has solved the shortcoming of mechanical property deficiency, and its bending strength is significantly higher than existing charcoal copper product, and has excellent self-lubricating abrasion-resistant and high conductivity simultaneously; And method technology of the present invention is simple, is easy to realize industrialization.
Thereby the present invention has utilized the charcoal fiber reinforcement to significantly improve the mechanical property of charcoal/copper product, and makes material keep good electric conductivity.Control the distribution and the spacing of fiber well by textile technology, guaranteed the uniformity of microstructure of composite structure; Three-dimensional charcoal fiber helps bringing into play it and strengthens effect; Three-dimensional copper fiber makes the copper promulgation be netted, makes material that good electrical conductivity be arranged.
In addition, adopt the carbon-copper fibre compound fabric to help the infiltration of copper alloy liquid as base substrate, equally distributed copper wire presents liquid state in the base substrate when the high temperature infiltration, it and the outer additional copper alloy liquid of base substrate have the trend that is integrated with the minimizing specific surface energy under capillary effect, induce outside copper liquid to enter in the base substrate, shorten the infiltration time, promoted the quick densifying of charcoal/copper product.
Titanium elements in the infiltration agent has played and has improved the effect of wellability and associativity mutually of copper and charcoal, makes copper alloy can fully fill hole and the final copper alloy matrix that forms network-like continuous distributed in the composite body.Natural flake graphite in the base substrate has good self-lubricating effect, form lubricating film at friction surface, reduced the coefficient of friction and the wear rate of material together as kollag with carbon fiber, and can be by granularity of regulating crystalline flake graphite and friction and the electric conductivity that content comes controlled material.
Description of drawings
The SEM photo of carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon-Cu-base composites that Fig. 1: embodiment 1 is prepared
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Adopt 3K charcoal fiber and 1 Φ 0.1mm copper wire combination around the soft two-dimensional mesh of weaving into of yarn, to adopt 6K charcoal fiber and Φ 0.1mm copper wire combined bidirectional to run through behind its lamination, and interlayer evenly be sprinkled into granularity less than the natural flake graphite powder of 10 μ m, the graphite powder amount of being sprinkled into is about every square metre of 100g, carries out chemical vapor infiltration 80h; Preparation contains the infiltration agent of 5wt%Ti; With the infiltration agent embedding composite body for preparing, under vacuum condition, 1100 ℃ of insulation 15min prepare the carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon-Cu-base composites that is numbered A.Its SEM photo such as accompanying drawing 1.
Embodiment 2
Adopt 12K charcoal fiber and 1 Φ 0.1mm copper wire combination around the soft two-dimensional mesh of weaving into of yarn, to adopt 3K charcoal fiber and Φ 0.1mm copper wire combined bidirectional to run through behind its lamination, and interlayer evenly be sprinkled into granularity less than the natural flake graphite powder of 10 μ m, the graphite powder amount of being sprinkled into is about every square metre of 150g, carries out chemical vapor infiltration 100h; Preparation contains the infiltration agent of 7wt%Ti; With the infiltration agent embedding composite body for preparing, under vacuum condition, 1300 ℃ of insulation 15min prepare the carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon-Cu-base composites that is numbered B.
Embodiment 3
Adopt 6K charcoal fiber and 1 Φ 0.1mm copper wire combination around the soft two-dimensional mesh of weaving into of yarn, to adopt 12K charcoal fiber and Φ 0.1mm copper wire combined bidirectional to run through behind its lamination, and interlayer evenly be sprinkled into granularity less than the natural flake graphite powder of 10 μ m, the graphite powder amount of being sprinkled into is about every square metre of 200g, carries out chemical vapor infiltration 120h; Preparation contains the infiltration agent of 10wt%Ti; With the infiltration agent embedding composite body for preparing, under vacuum condition, 1500 ℃ of insulation 5min prepare the carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon-Cu-base composites that is numbered C.
Table 1 is for implementing the main performance index of 1～3 prepared A, B, three kinds of carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon-Cu-base composites of C.In addition, select for use contrast sample 1 to be J204 type copper graphite brush, contrast sample 2 is German import sliding material.As can be seen from Table 1, with respect to the charcoal copper product of contrast sample, the prepared charcoal copper product of the present invention has had excellent bending strength, and still has good electrical conductivity and self-lubricating abrasion-resistant.
The main performance index of table 1 carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon-Cu-base composites and contrast sample
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of a carbon-copper fibre integral fabric/carbon-Cu-base composites is characterized in that comprising following steps:
(1) adopt the knitmesh lay-up method to prepare porous charcoal copper composite body: promptly to become two-dimensional mesh with the copper wire combined knitting with the charcoal fibre bundle, lamination, evenly be sprinkled into the graphite powder of granularity≤10 μ m at interlayer, vertically run through with the combination of charcoal fibre bundle and copper wire, carrying out obtaining density behind 80～120h chemical vapor infiltration is 1.8～3.0g/cm again
3Charcoal copper composite body;
(2) preparation is used for the infiltration agent of embedding composite body: the infiltration agent is mixed by Cu powder and Ti powder, and wherein the percentage by weight of Ti powder is 5%～15%;
(3) with infiltration agent powder embedding composite body: infiltration 5～15min under vacuum, 1100 ℃～1500 ℃ conditions.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: charcoal fibre bundle described in the step (1) is 3K～12K charcoal fibre bundle; Described graphite powder is the natural flake graphite powder, and the amount of being sprinkled into is 100g～300g/m
2
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103192718A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-10 | 湖南大学 | Composite material for pantograph slide plate and preparing method thereof |
| CN103637444A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-19 | 苏州工业园区友顺制衣厂 | Multifunctional conductive fabric |
| CN105390898A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-09 | 上海洲跃生物科技有限公司 | Electric brush made from flexible conductive material |
| CN105481413A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-13 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of metal-type C/C composite material carbon slide strips |
| CN110436926A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-12 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of high conductivity pantograph carbon slide and preparation method thereof |
| CN116003149A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-04-25 | 贵州省紫安新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon-copper fiber mixed-woven pantograph carbon slide plate composite material |
| CN116410011A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-07-11 | 国家高速列车青岛技术创新中心 | Carbon-copper fiber mould pressing pantograph carbon slide plate composite material and preparation method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-07-11 CN CN2007100353395A patent/CN101342809B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103192718A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-10 | 湖南大学 | Composite material for pantograph slide plate and preparing method thereof |
| CN103192718B (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2015-12-23 | 湖南大学 | A kind of pantograph pan composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103637444A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-19 | 苏州工业园区友顺制衣厂 | Multifunctional conductive fabric |
| CN105481413A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-13 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of metal-type C/C composite material carbon slide strips |
| CN105481413B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-03-16 | 杭州卓导新材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of metal mold C/C composite material carbon draw runners |
| CN105390898A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-09 | 上海洲跃生物科技有限公司 | Electric brush made from flexible conductive material |
| CN110436926A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-12 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of high conductivity pantograph carbon slide and preparation method thereof |
| CN110436926B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-04-06 | 西南交通大学 | High-conductivity pantograph carbon slide plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN116003149A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-04-25 | 贵州省紫安新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon-copper fiber mixed-woven pantograph carbon slide plate composite material |
| CN116410011A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-07-11 | 国家高速列车青岛技术创新中心 | Carbon-copper fiber mould pressing pantograph carbon slide plate composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101342809B (en) | 2010-12-15 |
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