CN101342584B - Liquid processing technique for magnesium, aluminum and special equipment thereof - Google Patents

Liquid processing technique for magnesium, aluminum and special equipment thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101342584B
CN101342584B CN2007100580168A CN200710058016A CN101342584B CN 101342584 B CN101342584 B CN 101342584B CN 2007100580168 A CN2007100580168 A CN 2007100580168A CN 200710058016 A CN200710058016 A CN 200710058016A CN 101342584 B CN101342584 B CN 101342584B
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magnesium alloy
alloy
aluminium alloy
die cavity
liquid
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CN101342584A (en
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姚国志
杨凤强
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for processing the liquid of magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, etc. and a special device thereof, which is characterized in that the feeding area of the smelting furnace is arranged inside a piston cavity of a piston; the piston cavity is communicated with a conveying pipe, and the conveying pipe is communicated with a molding cavity of a forming machine;liquid magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy directly enter into a closed cavity that is formed by a press head, a mould cavity and a cutting cutter to be processed and formed. The forming machine and the smelting furnace body of the present invention are connected with each other in a sealing way, and the problems that the magnesium alloy and the aluminum alloy are difficult to be formed are resolved with the vertical-type extrusion method, thus shortening the production period, improving the quality of the cast piece and reducing the surplus of the alloy; moreover, the product is formed to be similar to the net size; the special device is convenient to be maintained, and has low cost; the product can be directly welded and undertaken the heat treatment; the process of the present inventionalso can be applied to the technical modification of the prior ordinary die casting machine. With the application of the process of the present invention, a new technique is added in the die casting industry, thereby providing a new way for improving the quality of the magnesium alloy product and the aluminum alloy product.

Description

The liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy and special equipment
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal liquid pressure forming field, the liquid processing technique and the special equipment of especially a kind of magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy.
Background technology
The chemism of magnesium is very strong, in air, liquid magnesium and the rapid oxidation of alloy meeting thereof, burning, and also magnesium alloy is under smelting temperature, its vapour pressure is higher and be easy to evaporation, therefore at first will prevent evaporation, the burning of magnesium alloy when melting and extruding diecast magnesium alloy.In addition, though magnesium alloy is mobile high, but because the specific heat of magnesium alloy is less, latent heat of solidification is less, so the cooling velocity of alloy liquid is fast, in mold cavity, solidify rapidly, necessarily require the quick feed of the short filling time of big flow can avoid the Mg alloy castings cold shut, owe casting flaws such as casting or moulding be bad, therefore feed is the difficult point of magnesium alloy manufacturing process fast.
The Extrution casting technique of magnesium alloy is to carry out with open type casting, vertical fashion of extrusion substantially at present, the quantitative feeding stove of its melting and heat preservation adopts two kinds of charging process of the gentle pressure-controlled constant displacement pump of face advance pump, the magnesium material passes through gooseneck suction injection chamber by the moist closet constant displacement pump of the quantitative feeding stove of melting and heat preservation, the pressured piston filling die cavity that shoots material at a high speed of penetrating, gooseneck and injection chamber inlet are non-sealings.As Chinese patent (patent No.: CN02256766, patent name: a kind of tilt casting device of Mg alloy smelting furnace) disclose a kind of magnesium alloy sealing smelting furnace that uses the solid metallic fluoride to prevent the method for liquid magnesium alloy oxidizing fire and be complementary with it.This smelting furnace is made up of the parallel four link supports mechanisms of two covers, control push rod and engaged transmission part and grooved slide rail, and the distance when its apparatus for pouring can guarantee to pour into a mould between outlet of magnesium liquid and the mould gate is short and invariable to reduce the magnesium liquid oxidation.Non-totally enclosed type ease of connection causes magnesium alloy cast gate place's combustion oxidation or foundry goods cold shut, owes casting flaws such as casting or moulding be bad between this magnesium alloy extruding die casting equipment and the melting furnace, and the shot piston filling die cavity that shoots material at a high speed then makes in the die cavity and more easily to be stranded gas, easily produces pore and misrun.
In addition, the magnesium alloy pressure-casting industry the machine forehearth that generally uses be mainly quantitative casting furnace, molten alloy flows into injection chamber by constant displacement pump by pouring mouth, utilizes drift to be pressed into die cavity at a high speed.Though this method can satisfy the common parts requirement, then can't satisfy the mass property requirement of casting for thin-walled massive plate or complex-shaped heavy parts.Because the magnesium alloy fusing point is low, cooling velocity is fast, casting time is long can comparatively fast to make part can't guarantee that filling is complete because of the magnesium alloy temperature reduces, and then easily produces pore and misrun by drift high speed filling die cavity, and apparatus expensive, the maintenance cost height has specific (special) requirements to material.
The vertical mold closing that developed recently gets up fills type extrusion casint, be to carry out feeding with injection mechanism, but its nominal pressure is limited, and the feeding that does not reach extrusion casint strictly speaking, can't be can be regarded as extrusion casint truly than pressure request.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the liquid processing technique and the special equipment of a kind of magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy are provided, this Processes and apparatus is tightly connected make-up machine and fusing body of heater one and adopts vertical processing, the simple science of technology, with short production cycle, the casting quality height, the alloy clout is few, and product is bordering on the dead size moulding.
The present invention solves its technical problem and is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy melt in the fusion zone in melting furnace, through conveying pipeline liquid magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy are delivered to moulding in the die forming machine die cavity, and it is characterized in that: the step of processing technology is:
(1). liquid magnesium alloy that melts in melting furnace or aluminium alloy enter the piston injection chamber through even stirring of agitator in the heat preservation zone of melting furnace;
(2). be arranged on the cutoff tool blocking-up conveying pipeline on the make-up machine, the pressure head rollback that is arranged on the make-up machine forms the interior negative pressure of die cavity;
(3). the feed piston of piston injection chamber moves down and when the piston injection chamber forms pressure, the cutoff tool rollback is opened the conveying pipeline passage, liquid magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy are filled die cavity under piston injection chamber and the effect of die cavity dual-pressure, cutoff tool is blocked conveying pipeline once more then, and magnesium alloy or the aluminium alloy of pressure head in die cavity exerted pressure;
(4). magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy in the die cavity are being converted in the solid-state process by liquid state, and pressure head is exerted pressure to die cavity all the time;
(5). magnesium alloy in the die cavity or aluminium alloy be converted into solid-state after, move on the dynamic model, take off magnesium alloy or articles made of aluminium alloy, carry out the manufacturing of next product then.
And liquid magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy are directly imported by pressure head, mold cavity, the formed enclosed cavity of cutoff tool, and this enclosed cavity is again the proportioning device of liquid magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy simultaneously.
The special equipment of the liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy; constitute by melting furnace, extrusion casint make-up machine; melting furnace is made of fusion zone, heat preservation zone; the extrusion casint make-up machine is made of die cylinder, matched moulds base plate, clamping mechanism oil cylinder, Green's post, dynamic model screen, dynamic model, die cavity, quiet mould, lower carriage, it is characterized in that:
(1). melting furnace is provided with a feed zone in heat preservation zone, this feed zone is arranged in the piston injection chamber of feed piston, and this piston injection chamber is communicated with a conveying pipeline and this conveying pipeline directly is communicated with the die cavity of extrusion casint make-up machine;
(2). a cutoff tool is installed on quiet mould, and this cutoff tool is arranged on the conveying pipeline on the quiet mould of extrusion casint make-up machine and is used for the break-make conveying pipeline;
(3). on the dynamic model of extrusion casint make-up machine seaming chuck is installed, on the quiet mould push-down head is installed, these two pressure heads all are communicated with die cavity and the alloy liquid in the die cavity are exerted pressure.
And described melting furnace is equipped with the connecting rod that lifts of feeding gate, charging connecting rod, pressure safety plate and this pressure safety plate in the piston injection chamber of heat preservation zone direction.
And described conveying pipeline can be from heat fused alloy and insulation.
And described cutoff tool is driven by the hydraulic jack that is packed on the lower carriage of quiet mould bottom.
And described push-down head is driven by hydraulic jack.
And, a screw rod mobile device of regulating the cutoff tool supplying position also is installed on the lower carriage of quiet mould bottom.
And described feeding gate is opened by the control of charging connecting rod, and this charging connecting rod is by the gas or the Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder that are packed on the melting furnace.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1. the present invention closely is connected to a seal with make-up machine and fusing body of heater, and alloy liquid is worked all the time in confined conditions, to prevent magnesium alloy evaporation, burning, has reduced cooling and oxidation link effectively.
2. the present invention has save injection chamber, and the feed feed piston by melting furnace makes alloy directly be full of mold cavity to the alloy pressurization, reduces the alloy heat loss, and energy savings has improved production efficiency.
3. the present invention adopts vertical structure, can realize a stove multimachine, and energy savings reduces floor space, effectively utilizes the space; And, make gas all the time on liquid level top because alloy is to enter die cavity from mold bottom, and avoid wrapping up in the gas phenomenon, help the smooth discharge of gas, reduce pore, improve the part internal soundness.
4. the present invention can produce high low-end product, only is full of cut-out and gets final product when producing low-end product; And when producing high-end product, owing to be converted into extruding force and the impulsive force that applies all the time in the solid-state process greater than 100MPA by liquid state at alloy, can realize liquid-solid attitude extruding and liquid forging, make the finer and close consolidation of alloy interior tissue, the mechanical performance that improves part reaches more than 1/3.
5. the present invention's moist closet in the middle of melting furnace adopts stirring technique, can reduce the composition segregation phenomena of alloy and can make the composite base material material.
6. the present invention adopts processing technology, makes a few near net-shape moulding of part, cuts the waste, and reduces following process, and yield rate improves, and reduces manufacturing cost.
7. the present invention can form certain negative pressure by the perseveration of pressure head, helps enhancing product performance, and does not have or few clout cake, can fully improve stock utilization.
8. the present invention is tightly connected make-up machine and fusing body of heater one and adopts vertical type method for processing to solve the problem that the low pressure casting magnesium alloy fills the type difficulty, has shortened productive temp, has improved parts quality, has reduced the alloy clout, and product is bordering on the dead size moulding; And easy to maintenance, with low cost, product can directly weld and heat treatment, also can be applicable to the technological transformation on the existing common die casting machine.Application of the present invention will make the die casting industry increase a new technology platform, for improving a magnesium alloy or alloy product quality-seeking to a new approach.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of overlooking of the melting furnace of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structure enlarged drawing of the melting furnace of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is magnesium of the present invention, aluminum alloy melt hydraulic transmission principle schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below by specific embodiment, and following examples are descriptive, is not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
Process portion:
The liquid processing technique of this magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy melt in the fusion zone in melting furnace, moulding in conveying pipeline is delivered to liquid magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy in the make-up machine by the formed space of cutoff tool, pressure head and mold cavity, the step of its processing technology is:
(1). liquid magnesium alloy that melts in melting furnace or aluminium alloy enter the piston injection chamber through even stirring of agitator in the heat preservation zone of melting furnace;
(2). be arranged on the cutoff tool blocking-up conveying pipeline on the quiet mould of make-up machine, the upper and lower pressure head rollback that is arranged on the make-up machine forms the interior negative pressure of die cavity;
(3). the feed piston of piston injection chamber moves down and when the piston injection chamber forms pressure, the cutoff tool rollback is opened the conveying pipeline passage, liquid magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy are filled die cavity under piston injection chamber and the effect of die cavity negative pressure dual-pressure, cutoff tool is blocked conveying pipeline once more then, and magnesium alloy or the aluminium alloy of upper and lower pressure head in die cavity exerted pressure;
(4). magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy in the die cavity are being converted into by liquid state in the solid-state process, and upper and lower pressure head applies extruding force to die cavity all the time, and its pressure is more than the 100MPa;
(5). magnesium alloy in the die cavity or aluminium alloy be converted into solid-state after, move on the dynamic model, take off magnesium alloy or articles made of aluminium alloy, carry out the manufacturing of next product then.
The special equipment part:
The employed special equipment of the liquid processing technique of this magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy is made of melting furnace and make-up machine (present embodiment is that example is narrated with the extrusion casint make-up machine) two parts, and the two connects by conveying pipeline 8.The melting furnace 1 of prior art involved in the present invention comprises fusion zone 2, heat preservation zone 3, and an agitator 4 is installed in heat preservation zone; The extrusion casint make-up machine of related prior art comprises that die cylinder 9, matched moulds base plate 10, clamping mechanism oil cylinder 11, Green's post 12, dynamic model screen 14, dynamic model 15, die cavity 16, quiet mould 20 and lower carriage 19 constitute; be die cavity between dynamic model and the quiet mould, in some make-up machines, also comprise the screw rod mobile device 23 of an adjustable position of adjusting.Innovation part of the present invention is:
About melting furnace:
Melting furnace is provided with a feed zone in heat preservation zone, this feed zone is arranged in the piston injection chamber of feed piston 7, and this piston injection chamber is communicated with the connection that is connected with the die cavity of extrusion casint make-up machine of conveying pipeline and this conveying pipeline; Melting furnace is equipped with feeding gate 5, charging connecting rod 26 in the piston injection chamber of heat preservation zone direction, feeding gate is opened by the control of charging connecting rod and driven lifting by the gas or the hydraulic cylinder 24 that are packed on the melting furnace; At melting furnace feed piston side wall one pressure safety plate 6 is installed, this pressure safety plate installs one and lifts connecting rod 25, lifts the replaceable pressure safety plate of connecting rod by this; Pressure safety plate in the present embodiment is set to two.
Conveying pipeline between melting furnace and the make-up machine is from heat fused alloy and insulating tube, realizes the flowability of magnesium alloy or aluminum alloy melt, working again after guaranteeing to shut down.
About make-up machine:
One cutoff tool 21 is installed on quiet mould, this cutoff tool is arranged on the conveying pipeline on the quiet mould of extrusion casint shaping mechanism and is used to block conveying pipeline, cutoff tool is driven by the hydraulic jack 22 that is packed on the lower carriage of quiet mould bottom, the screw rod mobile device is installed on the lower carriage of quiet mould bottom, is used to regulate the supplying position of cutoff tool.
Installing installation push-down head 17 on pressure head 13, the quiet mould on the dynamic model of working and forming machine, the push-down head on the quiet mould is driven by hydraulic jack 18.Upper and lower pressure head is communicated with die cavity and pushes the interior alloy liquid of die cavity.Upper and lower pressure head can be separately positioned on any position of dynamic and static mould, because of its structure is a prior art, does not therefore provide its concrete structure.
Operation principle of the present invention is:
This device is made up of right side extruder and left side melting furnace, and melting furnace divides three zones---and be fusion zone, insulated and stirred district and feed piston high pressure material extrusion district.At present, feed is the difficult point of magnesium alloy manufacturing process fast, and this device is by pressure control, big specific pressure magnesium alloy to be charged into mold cavity fast, has avoided intermediate link, guarantees that alloy is full of die cavity.And alloy liquid enters from the bottom, has reduced to wrap up in the gas tendency.After feeding gate was closed, seaming chuck and push-down head be rollback simultaneously, and mold cavity forms negative pressure, and charging connecting rod rollback is opened feeding mouth, and the feed piston moves downward fast, and alloy liquid enters mold cavity by conveying pipeline.When reaching certain pressure in the die cavity, cutoff tool ejects and turn-offs conveying pipeline, and and then seaming chuck and push-down head (can design every is 5 pressure heads) push die cavity simultaneously, can form the above pressure of 100MP, makes part at three compression compacted unders.In whole production processes, conveying pipeline and mold cavity remain heated condition, for complex parts, the existing heating of mould has cooling again, can guarantee that so promptly filling can ensure the quality of products and enhance productivity again, thus can guarantee magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy in liquid state at certain forming under the pressure.Because alloy liquid is to work under pressure all the time, when pressure reaches higher, can cause certain damage to body of heater, so offer two pressure safety plates on furnace wall, bottom, feed cylinder pressure area; When fluid pressure overstepped the extreme limit, two safety plates were opened by force, play the pressure release effect, and the protection body of heater is intact.
The present invention has cancelled injection device, and closely being rigidly connected by conveying pipeline between melting furnace and the extrusion casint make-up machine is a seal, and conveying pipeline has the heat tracing structure, and alloy liquid is all the time in closed environment.Melting furnace increases by a feed zone in heat preservation zone, the feed piston by melting furnace is to the pressurization of alloy liquid, and alloy liquid directly is full of mold cavity by melting furnace through conveying pipeline, and mold cavity is as proportioning device, and is quantitatively very accurate.Between conveying pipeline and the extrusion casint make-up machine cutoff tool is set, by dynamic model die joint and the formed runner broad of cutoff tool, blocking-up back flakiness had both made molten metal inject easily, again cleaning easily.Design has upper and lower pressure head structure in the extrusion casint make-up machine; Before the topping up, the cutoff tool carrier frequency channel break, upper and lower pressure head rollback forms the die cavity negative pressure.When carrying out topping up, the cutoff tool passage is opened.After alloy liquid is full of die cavity, by pressure sensing, by cutoff tool with the topping up carrier frequency channel break.Alloy is to enter die cavity from mold bottom, can a stove multimachine.
The present invention is according to die cavity product quality requirements, and die cavity product alloy is converted in the solid-state process by liquid state, and upper and lower pressure head can be to continue all the time die cavity product metal is applied extruding force.Pressure head applies extruding force and die forging impulsive force to die cavity product metal, and pressure should be greater than 100MPa.The product of producing is can weld and heat treatment.When die cavity product quality requirements was not high, extrusion head can not exerted pressure yet.

Claims (9)

1. the liquid processing technique of magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy melt in the fusion zone in melting furnace, through conveying pipeline liquid magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy are delivered to moulding in the die forming machine die cavity, and it is characterized in that: the step of processing technology is:
(1). liquid magnesium alloy that melts in melting furnace or aluminium alloy enter the piston injection chamber through even stirring of agitator in the heat preservation zone of melting furnace;
(2). be arranged on the cutoff tool blocking-up conveying pipeline on the make-up machine, the pressure head rollback that is arranged on the make-up machine forms the interior negative pressure of die cavity;
(3). the feed piston of piston injection chamber moves down and when the piston injection chamber forms pressure, the cutoff tool rollback is opened the conveying pipeline passage, liquid magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy are filled die cavity under piston injection chamber and the effect of die cavity dual-pressure, cutoff tool is blocked conveying pipeline once more then, and magnesium alloy or the aluminium alloy of pressure head in die cavity exerted pressure;
(4). magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy in the die cavity are being converted in the solid-state process by liquid state, and pressure head is exerted pressure to die cavity all the time;
(5). magnesium alloy in the die cavity or aluminium alloy be converted into solid-state after, move on the dynamic model, take off magnesium alloy or articles made of aluminium alloy, carry out the manufacturing of next product then.
2. the liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy according to claim 1 or aluminium alloy, it is characterized in that: directly input is by pressure head, mold cavity, the formed enclosed cavity of cutoff tool for liquid magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, and this enclosed cavity is again the proportioning device of liquid magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy simultaneously.
3. the special equipment of the liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 1 or aluminium alloy; constitute by melting furnace, extrusion casint make-up machine; melting furnace is made of fusion zone, heat preservation zone; the extrusion casint make-up machine is made of die cylinder, matched moulds base plate, clamping mechanism oil cylinder, Green's post, dynamic model screen, dynamic model, die cavity, quiet mould, lower carriage, it is characterized in that:
(1). melting furnace is provided with a feed zone in heat preservation zone, this feed zone is arranged in the piston injection chamber of feed piston, and this piston injection chamber is communicated with a conveying pipeline and this conveying pipeline directly is communicated with the die cavity of extrusion casint make-up machine;
(2). a cutoff tool is installed on quiet mould, and this cutoff tool is arranged on the conveying pipeline on the quiet mould of extrusion casint make-up machine and is used for the break-make conveying pipeline;
(3). on the dynamic model of extrusion casint make-up machine seaming chuck is installed, on the quiet mould push-down head is installed, these two pressure heads all are communicated with die cavity and the alloy liquid in the die cavity are exerted pressure.
4. the special equipment of the liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy according to claim 3 or aluminium alloy is characterized in that: described melting furnace is equipped with the connecting rod that lifts of feeding gate, charging connecting rod, pressure safety plate and this pressure safety plate in the piston injection chamber of heat preservation zone direction.
5. the special equipment of the liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy according to claim 3 or aluminium alloy is characterized in that: described conveying pipeline can be from heat fused alloy and insulation.
6. the special equipment of the liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy according to claim 3 or aluminium alloy is characterized in that: described cutoff tool is driven by the hydraulic jack that is packed on the lower carriage of quiet mould bottom.
7. the special equipment of the liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy according to claim 3 or aluminium alloy is characterized in that: described push-down head is driven by hydraulic jack.
8. the special equipment of the liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy according to claim 6 or aluminium alloy is characterized in that: the screw rod mobile device that an adjusting cutoff tool supplying position also is installed on the lower carriage of quiet mould bottom.
9. the special equipment of the liquid processing technique of a kind of magnesium alloy according to claim 4 or aluminium alloy is characterized in that: described feeding gate is opened by the control of charging connecting rod, and this charging connecting rod is by the gas or the Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder that are packed on the melting furnace.
CN2007100580168A 2007-07-12 2007-07-12 Liquid processing technique for magnesium, aluminum and special equipment thereof Expired - Fee Related CN101342584B (en)

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