CN101340133A - Asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motor - Google Patents

Asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101340133A
CN101340133A CNA2008101504965A CN200810150496A CN101340133A CN 101340133 A CN101340133 A CN 101340133A CN A2008101504965 A CNA2008101504965 A CN A2008101504965A CN 200810150496 A CN200810150496 A CN 200810150496A CN 101340133 A CN101340133 A CN 101340133A
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phase
asymmetric
magnet brushless
permanent magnet
motor
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CN101340133B (en
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刘大椿
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

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Abstract

The invention relates to an asymmetric six-phase permanent magnet brushless direct current motor with equal peak torque of an electric vehicle. The mechanical characteristics of a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor and the mechanical characteristics of a brush separately excited direct current motor are very similar, and short time peak current is more than 4 times the intensity of that of a rated current; as the heat capacity of the silicon and the lead wire of a semiconductor power device is very small, the thermal continuous current of the semiconductor power device has to be chosen according to the peak current, so huge redundant cost is produced. The permanent magnet rotors are p pairs of permanent magnet rotors with N poles and S poles arranged alternatively; the stator cores are laminated stator cores provided with Z grooves; the electric angles of the adjacent grooves are different by 30 degrees in the space; coils are embedded in the stator grooves, and asymmetric six-phase is formed. The asymmetric six-phase permanent magnet brushless direct current motor system has the advantages that for electric vehicles and other loads which require a relatively low rotational speed to output short time peak torque and require a rated rotating speed to work with wide range and constant power, redundant cost can be greatly reduced.

Description

Asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electric motors of torque closed-loop control, relate to asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors of the contour peak torque of electric automobile.
Background technology
Electric automobile requires its drive system to satisfy to possess various demands that may operating modes.Under electric automobile startup, climbing, operating mode, need its drive system that the peak value torque can be provided in the hill-start; Under the max. speed operating mode, need its drive system under high workload rotating speed, to provide the equivalent torque that overcomes corresponding car resistance.Travel with up gradient for adapting to 20%, power drive system will provide the peak torque of 2.5～4 times of nominal torques; For adapting to output-constant operation, power drive system requires to provide rated power under 2～2.5 times of rated speeds.
The mechanical property of brushless, permanently excited direct current motor is very close with the mechanical property that the brush DC motor with separate excitation is arranged.Its electromagnetic torque T EmBe proportional to phase current I Φ, i.e. T Em=K tI ΦThe line back-emf E of its three-phase Y connection 1Be proportional to the angular velocity omega of motor m, i.e. E 1=K eω mK in the aforementioned relation tBe called the torque constant of deciding motivation, K eBe called back electromotive-force constant, under international system of units, K tWith K eNumerically equal.By above-mentioned relation as can be known: produce peak torque T p, motor just needs input phase current I Φ (P)=T p/ K t,, wish K from reducing the current angle of system power semiconductor device tBe the bigger the better; But, K tBe equivalent to K greatly eGreatly, K eBe subjected to supply voltage and the restriction of high angular speed, so K tMust be subject to K e, the rated current of semiconductor power device just has to be several times as much as the electric current under the rated condition.For example: the golf cart of fully loaded quality 750kg, climbing 30%, max. speed 25km/h, supply voltage 48V, rated power 3kW, nominal torque 11.4N.m, specified phase current 87A, peak torque 51N.m, peak current 390A; For another example, fully loaded quality 18 ton large-scale passenger vehicles, max. speed 80km/h, climbing 20%, supply voltage 600V, motor rated power 120kW, nominal torque 470N.m, specified phase current 500A, peak torque 1860N.m, peak current 2200A.(be generally one minute) peak current from above two examples as can be seen, in short-term all at specified (during length) more than 4 times of electric current.Because the silicon chip and the lead-out wire thermal capacity of semiconductor power device are very little, so the hot continuous current of semiconductor power device must be selected for use by peak current, this has just produced very big redundant cost.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of structure uniqueness, cost is low, and does not reduce asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors of overall system performance index.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors comprise casing, end cap, axle, bearing, cooling system, p-m rotor, and stator core, its special character is: described p-m rotor is the p p-m rotor extremely alternate to N, S; Described stator core is the laminated stator iron core that has Z groove, and adjacent slot differs 30 ° of electrical degrees in the space; Embed coil in the described stator slot, constitute star winding a, b, c, d, e, f that asymmetric 6 phase individual layers, every extremely every phase groove are counted q=1; A, c, the effective series conductor number of e phase winding are N 1, b, d, the effective series conductor number of f phase winding are N 2A, b, c, d, e, f 6 phase inputs respectively with 6 mutually inverter output end join.
Above-mentioned N 2/ N 1=n Max/ n N, n wherein NBe the rotating speed under the output peak power, n MaxIt is the highest running speed of motor.
Above-mentioned stator core is the laminated stator iron core that has Z groove, and adjacent slot differs 30 ° of electrical degrees, Z=12p in the space.
The present invention is as follows with respect to the advantage of prior art:
Both required than exporting peak torque in short-term under the slow-speed of revolution for electric automobile etc., and required the load of the permanent power work of the above wide region of rated speed again, asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motor systems can significantly reduce redundant cost.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the armature winding structure figure of asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors;
Fig. 2 is the system architecture diagram of asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors.
Embodiment
Asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors of the present invention also have the p p-m rotor extremely alternate to N, S except that structural members such as casing, end cap, axle, bearing, cooling system; Dash the laminated stator iron core that 12p groove arranged, adjacent slot differs 30 ° of electrical degrees in the space; In stator slot, embed coil, constitute the star winding that asymmetric 6 phase individual layers, every extremely every phase groove are counted q=1.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the armature winding of asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors.Wherein a-a ' is a phase winding, and effectively the series conductor number is N aB-b ' is the b phase winding, and effectively the series conductor number is N bC-c ' is the c phase winding, and effectively the series conductor number is N cD-d ' is the d phase winding, and effectively the series conductor number is N dE-e ' is the e phase winding, and effectively the series conductor number is N eF-f ' is the f phase winding, and effectively the series conductor number is N fA, b, c, d, e, f, a back-emf phase place differ 30 ° of electrical degrees successively; N a=N c=N e=N l, N b=N d=N f=N 2If the high workload rotating speed of motor is n Max, the nominal operation rotating speed is n N, so, N 2/ N 1=n Max/ n NTherefore, Dui Ying torque constant K T (1)=KN 1, K T (2)=KN 2As phase current I ΦWhen identical, T 1=K T (1)I Φ, T 2=K T (2)I Φ, T 2/ T 1=N 2/ N 1During 12 states operations of 4 phases, the torque T that motor produces M=2 (T 1+ T 2)=2k (N 1+ N 2) I ΦN 1Value be decided by supply voltage V DC, pulse-width modulation maximum duty cycle δ Max, and the highest running speed n of motor MaxN 2Value be N 2=N 1N Max/ n N
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the system block diagram of asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors.Wherein structure comprises rotor magnetic pole polarity position transducer 1, and U, V, W, T are the pole polarity position transducers.U, V, W differ 120 ° of electrical degrees in the space, going up of the square wave output of W and T jumped along differing 30 ° of electrical degrees, and U, V, W, T constitute 12 state logic combinations; Current sensor 3 output and I Φ (a), I Φ (b), I Φ (e), I Φ (f)The corresponding phase current signal I of instantaneous value A, I EAnd I B, I FTo current sample link 8 and 9; And to controller 7 output feedback current I F1And I F2Motor operating instruction ON and instruction OFF out of service are represented in the input of controller 7 in addition, represent turn clockwise CW and be rotated counterclockwise CCW steering order, torque instruction I of motor *, make feedback current I F1And I F2All the time follow the tracks of I *, obtain the torque closed-loop control; U, the V, W, the T signal that are input to controller 7 constitute 12 kinds of codings, and with ON/OFF, CW/CCW combination, gating is exported 12 tunnel drive signals, instruction current I *With feedback current I F1And I F2The duty ratio of difference decision PWM; The driver 6 of power device, accept self-controller 12 tunnel certain duty ratios pwm signal and export to 6 phase inverters 5; The output terminals A of inverter 5, B, C, D, E, F link to each other with a, b, c, d, e, the f of motor 2 respectively; Change over switch 4 is connected between B-b and the F-f, when ON/OFF is under the ON state and motor actual speed n＜1.1n NThe time, change over switch 4 is connected, and ON/OFF is under the ON state when input, and motor actual speed n＞1.2n NThe time, change over switch 4 disconnects.No matter change over switch 4 is to change disconnection into from connection, still change connection into from disconnection, I F2The=0th, necessary condition.
From the above description as can be known: when breaking down in the arbitrary phase of motor or the arbitrary control loop, asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors can convert the work of one 3 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motor pattern to.Therefore, asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motor systems are a kind of pair of nargin systems, thereby have improved the performance of saving oneself under electric automobile is nonserviceabled.

Claims (3)

1, asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors comprise casing, end cap, axle, bearing, cooling system, p-m rotor, and stator core is characterized in that: described p-m rotor is the p p-m rotor extremely alternate to N, S; Described stator core is the laminated stator iron core that has Z groove, and adjacent slot differs 30 ° of electrical degrees in the space; Embed coil in the described stator slot, constitute star winding a, b, c, d, e, f that asymmetric 6 phase individual layers, every extremely every phase groove are counted q=1; A, c, the effective series conductor number of e phase winding are N 1, b, d, the effective series conductor number of f phase winding are N 2A, b, c, d, e, f 6 phase inputs respectively with 6 mutually inverter output end join.
2, asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described N 2/ N 1=n Max/ n N, n wherein NBe the rotating speed under the output peak power, n MaxIt is the highest running speed of motor.
3, asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motors according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described stator core is the laminated stator iron core that has Z groove, and adjacent slot differs 30 ° of electrical degrees, Z=12p in the space.
CN2008101504965A 2008-07-29 2008-07-29 Asymmetric 6 phase permanent-magnet brushless DC motor Expired - Fee Related CN101340133B (en)

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CN101340133B CN101340133B (en) 2010-09-15

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102570657A (en) * 2011-12-22 2012-07-11 深圳联和电机有限公司 Permanent magnet direct current motor rotor and permanent magnet direct current motor
CN102780447A (en) * 2012-08-18 2012-11-14 天津市松正电动汽车技术股份有限公司 Single-power source six-phase motor drive system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102570657A (en) * 2011-12-22 2012-07-11 深圳联和电机有限公司 Permanent magnet direct current motor rotor and permanent magnet direct current motor
CN102780447A (en) * 2012-08-18 2012-11-14 天津市松正电动汽车技术股份有限公司 Single-power source six-phase motor drive system

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CN101340133B (en) 2010-09-15

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