CN101335688B - Route convergence method of dynamic routing protocol - Google Patents
Route convergence method of dynamic routing protocol Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a routing convergence method for a dynamic routing protocol, which comprises the steps that: a router finds changed route and notifies a neighboring router about the changed route; the neighboring router receives the changed route, judges a corresponding local routing source and carries out comparison between the corresponding local route source and corresponding local routing that is not from the router; if the difference of the corresponding local route source and the corresponding local route that is not from the router is larger than a measure, the local route is sent to the router by a timely triggered update notice; the router receives and converges the route again according to the notice. The method adds a process that when received route is worse than the local route, the triggered update notice is sent to help the neighboring router converge the route; therefore, when some router is changed, the neighboring router thereof can rapidly send triggered update, thereby reducing the time for obtaining route information again of the router and speeding up the routing convergence of the router.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to data communication, be specifically related to a kind of route convergence method of dynamic routing protocol.
Background technology
Dynamic routing protocol (RIP) is realized local routing convergence and renewal by the announcement route of learning from each other.RIP is first Routing Protocol of realizing dynamic routing, and this agreement is based on the vector distance algorithm of local network and realizes.The scale that is mainly used in is less, topological structure is not frequent variations, the similar autonomous system of inner formation.At RFC1058, the studying convergence of describing the RIP route among the RFC2453 in detail realizes.Arbitrary router of operation rip routing protocol is announced reached at the routing iinformation of this router to neighboring router by the RIP message format in the autonomous system, after neighboring router receives the RIP message, the routing iinformation entrained according to message, infer reached at the route of this router according to the distance vector method, and with these can reach route again with the RIP message with the timing update mode or trigger update mode and announce to its neighboring router, finally make all-router can both obtain all reached at routes in this autonomous system.
According to consensus standard, the studying convergence of RIP route relies on two processes, the 1. process of transmitting of route and the 2. receiving course of route.Wherein: what 1. dependence was upgraded in the transmission of RIP route is to upgrade in the cycle and the triggering renewal.The realization of RIP can be set up a timer, and all of timed sending this locality are routed to its neighbor router, and when local route changed, RIP can send to trigger to upgrade and will change advertising of route to neighbours, realizes the mutual study of route simultaneously.2. router has two kinds of processing modes when receiving RIP route message: the one, and the route that receives is new route, or is better than local route, and this is with the local route of renewal, and this process has just realized the studying convergence again of route; The 2nd,, the route that receives is not better than local route, will abandon this route (unless local route is learned by these neighbours, that is: quality is all upgraded local route) this moment.
Therefore, the convergence time of RIP route depends on the transmission of upgrading message.In present realization, it is in order regularly to realize unification, the convergence of route that cycle upgrades, the cycle that this convergence time is confined to upgrade, triggering the introducing of upgrading is exactly for routing convergence is accelerated, when changing, local route can send immediately, the cycle of need not waiting until upgrades, and can accelerate to move the routing convergence time of the router of RIP agreement so greatly.
But the transmission of the present renewal message that routing convergence relied on can only be triggered by this locality, and the cycle renewal is because local cycle upgrades timer then just to be sent, and triggers renewal and is triggered because local route changes.The process that lacks negotiation between the router, router lack the routing convergence support to neighbor router when receiving neighbours' message, that is: the processing mode or the acceptance of above-mentioned reception message, or directly abandon.Specifically, router if be better than locally, then upgrade local route, and for the message that is worse than local route, router abandons simply just, not corresponding processing when receiving the route message that neighbours come.Therefore, when the route that arrives the somewhere on the router changes, its neighbor router of wait that can only be passive is sent the route that arrives this destination separately, and then restrains again, and often all is more to newly arrive in cycle of need waiting for neighbor router to obtain route again.This convergence process time is long, and the space of optimization is obviously arranged.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention provide a kind of route convergence method of dynamic routing protocol, can make router when receiving neighbours' message, possess the routing convergence support to neighbor router simultaneously.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention solves like this, and a kind of rip routing protocol route convergent method is provided, and may further comprise the steps:
1.1) router in the network finds and give neighbor router with the advertising of route that changes that router in the described network or neighbor router be configurable interface tolerance not;
1.2) described neighbor router receive described variation route, judge corresponding local route source and with the non-corresponding local route that derives from the router in the described network relatively, if subtract each other greater than a tolerance, described neighbor router upgrades announcement to the router in the described network with described local route by triggering;
1.3) router in the described network receives and upgrade announcement according to described triggering and restrain route again.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, if described subtracting each other greater than a tolerance is meant: (neighbor router arrives the tolerance of the route of certain segment A to the tolerance-local router of the route of certain segment A)＞+1, certain segment A is the common purpose network of the route and the local route of described variation.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, described step 1.2) also comprise: if the local route of described correspondence does not exist, then upgrade local route: the route that in local route, increases described variation.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, described step 1.2) also comprises: described step 1.2) also comprise: derive from the router in the described network if the local route of described correspondence exists, then upgrade local route: the route that the local route of correspondence is replaced with described variation.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, described step 1.2) also comprises: described step 1.2) also comprise:, then upgrade local route: the route that the local route of correspondence is replaced with described variation if the described non-corresponding local route that derives from the router in the described network subtracts the route of described variation less than negative tolerance.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, be meant less than negative tolerance if the described non-corresponding local route that derives from the router in the described network subtracts the route of described variation: (neighbor router arrives the tolerance of the route of certain segment A to the tolerance-local router of the route of certain segment A)＜-1, certain segment A is the common purpose network of the route and the local route of described variation.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, router in the described network or described neighbor router be configurable interface tolerance not, can judge the quality of corresponding route according to tolerance.When comparing neighbours' route and local route, be not only that whose route metric of comparison is littler, but added a difference, be actually the metric between two routers is taken into account.According to the hypothesis of this method, this tolerance is exactly 1.Because if the route that local router need adopt neighbor router to send, should be that the metric of route on the current neighbor router adds the tolerance 1 between two routers in the tolerance of the route that regenerates on the local router.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, if when router can connect mouthful tolerance, just can't more local route and the neighbor advertisement route of coming, whether this locality has the condition of more excellent route can not determine.If the tolerance of the local route of just simple judgement is better than the tolerance of neighbours' route, and the neither one difference then can go into invalid message to send, and causes network congestion.And the mode of RFC1058 has been adopted in the routing update of router, " Update the metric by adding the cost of the network onwhich themessage arrived. " is that certain bar route is when being announced, the renewal of its tolerance, be to add its interface tolerance, rather than when route is gone out by announcement, add the tolerance of announcement side by the recipient.Therefore, prerequisite of the present invention is a not configurable interface tolerance of router.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, the next hop address of the local route of described correspondence is not the neighbor router that sends the route of described variation.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, the local route of described correspondence is the local route that has identical purpose network with the route of described variation.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, described router all moves rip routing protocol.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, the router in the described network is any router in the network.
According to convergence method provided by the invention, described neighbor router can be one or more.
A kind of route convergence method of dynamic routing protocol provided by the invention based on traditional RIP routing convergence, further makes the router of operation RIP agreement respond neighbor router according to the message of receiving; In network environment, when route changed on a certain router, neighboring router can send fast to trigger and upgrade, thereby reduces the time that router regains routing iinformation, accelerates the routing convergence of router.
Description of drawings
Further the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a route convergent method schematic flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a concrete networking instance graph;
Fig. 3 is that router D uses conventional method to carry out the process schematic diagram of routing convergence behind the network failure shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 4 is that router D uses the inventive method to carry out the process schematic diagram of routing convergence behind the network failure shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment
At first, inventive concept is described:
Processing when the increase router receives neighbours' message, when receiving message, if route is worse than local route (not acquiring from these neighbours), not simply to abandon, but the route entry received and local route entry are compared, when satisfying certain condition, local router upgrades to the local route of neighbor advertisement by triggering immediately, thereby the route on the neighbor router can be restrained fast.
In second step, basis of the present invention and specific implementation are described:
(1) basis
1. keep original to receive more excellent message and with the originate processing of same neighbor router message of existing local route, do not influence the renewal of the original local route of router; 2. increase the processing that receives discardable message, the route of promptly receiving is inferior to local route (not being to send neighbours from this route of receiving to acquire), sends triggering renewal announcement and helps neighbor router convergence route.
(2) specific implementation
As shown in Figure 1, crucial concrete application of the inventive method may further comprise the steps:
100) router Router1 discovery self route route changes;
101) router Router1 announces the route route that changes to neighbor router Router2;
102) router Router2 finds self to have the identical corresponding local route of the route route of purpose network and variation and does not announce by router Router1.At this moment on router Router2, route route and the local route that changes can be compared, judge find the route route that changes than local route difference surpass a tolerance; (if judge and find that the route route that changes is better than local route, then upgrade local route)
103) router Router2 then upgrades announcement to router Router1 with corresponding local route by triggering;
104) router Router1 receives and restrains route again according to triggering to upgrade to announce.
At last, in conjunction with two kinds of situation comparative illustration the inventive method of a simple networking example:
(1) original case
As shown in Figure 2, A, B, four router operations of C, D RIP agreement in the network, the tolerance between each router is 1.
R1 is the route of router C to network segment N, and next is jumped and is router B, and tolerance is 2;
R2 is the route of router D to network segment N, and next is jumped and is router-A, and tolerance is 1.
Networking among Fig. 2 is stable.Router C in can upgrading in the cycle announces route R1 to router D.On router D, because the difference of the tolerance of the tolerance of R1 and R2 is not more than 1, so router D when receiving the renewal that router C comes, can not send triggering to router C by the inventive method and conventional method and upgrade message.
(2) failure condition
In the networking of Fig. 2 when route changes, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, to adopt 1. tradition and 2. the routing convergence of the inventive method be described below respectively:
1. adopt conventional method, as shown in Figure 3, its routing convergence flow process may further comprise the steps:
301) the router C connection that is found to router B has been broken, and then the tolerance of the route R1 on the router C is become 16, simultaneously router C can be immediately be that 16 route R1 announces to router D with measuring;
302) router D discards the route of receiving from router C;
303) the router C wait router D cycle is upgraded the announcement route, recomputates route, restrains.
That is: when route changes on the router, the neighbor advertisement route that waits that router can only be passive could be carried out routing convergence again, and often needs etc. to reach the time of a update cycle and just can receive neighbours' message.
2. adopt the inventive method, as shown in Figure 4, its routing convergence flow process may further comprise the steps:
401) the router C connection that is found to router B has been broken, and then the tolerance of the route R1 on the router C is become 16, simultaneously router C can be immediately be that 16 route R1 announces to router D with measuring;
402) router D receives that tolerance is behind 16 the route R1, at first to compare, because: the tolerance metric of R1〉(tolerance of R2+1), router D can send to trigger to router C immediately and upgrade, and is that 1 advertising of route is given router C with tolerance;
403) after router C receives R2, carry out routing convergence again.
That is: change announcement when giving neighbor router when the router route, neighbor router can send more immediately according to the quality of route to trigger and upgrade, local router can be received the routing iinformation of neighbor router on every side immediately, again carry out routing convergence, this process is saved the time of waiting for the neighbor advertisement route, has improved the routing convergence speed of router greatly.
Further, the inventive method is considered the network congestion problem, avoids unnecessary message to be triggered away.Neighbor router only surpasses a tolerance in the route that its route is better than receiving, just can send to trigger and upgrade, the announcement local router.When comparing neighbours' route and local route, be not only that whose route metric of comparison is littler, but added a difference, be actually the metric between two routers is taken into account.According to the hypothesis of this method, this tolerance is exactly 1.Because if the route that local router need adopt neighbor router to send, should be that the metric of route on the current neighbor router adds the tolerance 1 between two routers in the tolerance of the route that regenerates on the local router.The network burden that this processing mode has effectively avoided useless message to be triggered and to cause.
By 1. and 2. more as can be seen, after using the present invention, the very fast route that restrained again of router C that route changes takes place, committed step is 402), the router D announcement route of coming when here originally can only latent period upgrading, router C restrains again.And after using the inventive method, router D can generate at once to trigger and upgrade, and the convergence rate of router C is accelerated greatly.
Claims (9)
1. a rip routing protocol route convergent method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1.1) router in the network finds and give neighbor router with the advertising of route that changes that router in the described network or neighbor router be configurable interface tolerance not;
1.2) described neighbor router receive described variation route, judge corresponding local route source and with the non-corresponding local route that derives from the router in the described network relatively, if subtract each other greater than a tolerance, described neighbor router is in time announced the router of giving in the described network with described local route by triggering to upgrade;
1.3) router in the described network receives and upgrade announcement according to described triggering and restrain route again.
2. according to the described convergence method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described step 1.2) also comprise: if the local route of described correspondence does not exist, then upgrade local route.
3. according to the described convergence method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described step 1.2) also comprise: derive from the router in the described network if the local route of described correspondence exists, then upgrade local route.
4. according to the described convergence method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described step 1.2) also comprise: if the described non-corresponding local route that derives from the router in the described network subtracts the route of described variation less than negative tolerance, then upgrade local route.
5. according to each described convergence method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the next hop address of the local route of described correspondence is not the neighbor router that sends the route of described variation.
6. according to each described convergence method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the local route of described correspondence is the local route that has identical purpose network with the route of described variation.
7. according to each described convergence method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that described router all moves rip routing protocol.
8. according to each described convergence method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the router in the described network is any router in the network.
9. according to each described convergence method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that described neighbor router can be one or more.
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| CN1849776A (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2006-10-18 | 思科技术公司 | Method and apparatus for generating routing information in a data communications network |
| CN1889579A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2007-01-03 | 杭州华为三康技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for raising route information protocol route convergence rate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1849776A (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2006-10-18 | 思科技术公司 | Method and apparatus for generating routing information in a data communications network |
| CN1889579A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2007-01-03 | 杭州华为三康技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for raising route information protocol route convergence rate |
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