CN1013184B - Controllable pitch propeller - Google Patents
Controllable pitch propellerInfo
- Publication number
- CN1013184B CN1013184B CN 89100999 CN89100999A CN1013184B CN 1013184 B CN1013184 B CN 1013184B CN 89100999 CN89100999 CN 89100999 CN 89100999 A CN89100999 A CN 89100999A CN 1013184 B CN1013184 B CN 1013184B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- propeller
- blade
- propeller hub
- ship
- pitch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
- B63H3/002—Propeller-blade pitch changing with individually adjustable blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
- B63H3/02—Propeller-blade pitch changing actuated by control element coaxial with propeller shaft, e.g. the control element being rotary
- B63H3/04—Propeller-blade pitch changing actuated by control element coaxial with propeller shaft, e.g. the control element being rotary the control element being reciprocatable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
- B63H3/06—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical
- B63H3/08—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of controllable pitch propeller, even in various loads and under the parking situation, can both high precision and controllably blade is regulated apart from ground with small step, the present invention proposes, the blade that is bearing in the propeller hub oar axle bonding pad is located its blade root, connecting a single-piece or discerptible paddle back plate, it with one forward or lever combination backwards become one " blade supporting regulating plate ", itself and a stop are meshed with the adjusting beam: in order to make blade stop and adjusting in propeller hub, be provided with the transmission device of multi-stage speed-reducing energy self-locking, or establish a hydraulic efficiency pressure system.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of controllable pitch propeller (CFP=Controllable fixed propeller), the propeller boss that it has a single-piece or separates, propeller hub is fixed on the oar axle by the propeller hub oar shaft connector of a cylinder or circular cone, its blade is rotatably supported on the propeller hub in corresponding to a limited setting range under the main operation situation of ship: the present invention includes and be delivered to the transport sector of propeller hub from ship regulating and handle energy, and the adjusting and the stop motion mechnism that are used for accurate adjustment and fixed blades.
With can be corresponding to whole difference of rotating the adjustable pitch airscrew (CPP=Controllable Pitch Propeller) of blade with the reversing operating range forward, the main operation situation of navigating by water forward corresponding to ship, the present invention is provided with and navigates by water the adjusting and the correct equipment of pitch forward, so that can mate pitch and propeller speed economically, reach and effectively utilize machine power, adapt to the variation of hull effect.The reason that causes variation is because sea-crust, aging and mode of operation and sea state change, for example speed, draft, state of equilibrium change, or in the fluctuation of special interference, seawater with under special sailing conditions, as boat in river and frozen water.
DD-WP80634 proposes a kind of device that energy is used for adjustable pitch airscrew that transmits between ship and propeller hub, it is made up of a continuous current excitation electromagnet and the ferromagnet that is contained in propeller hub side rigidity, and establishes an eddy-current disc or cage rotor.Utilize these systems to produce relative rotary motion between propeller hub and adjusting mechanism, this is necessary for regulating pitch.The weak point of this system is, in order to regulate pitch, must establish additional device, and this system is not suitable for the relatively short adjusting approach of enforcement, otherwise can cause the slippage of adjusting part transmission device.
In addition, by known in the disclosed file, with usually to regulate energy by the oar axle input that is drilled to hollow in controllable pitch propeller different, it certain ask another kind of possibility, be about to handle or regulate energy is delivered to rotation from ship oar axle or propeller hub.In these suggestions, or with machinery or with the control signal of electricity, pass to screw propeller non-rotary or rotation, at this moment, regulate in the energy of energy from be stored in propeller hub and extract; Or, from rotating energy, produce by means of other devices such as gravity pendulums.Yet, do not make a kind of switch and transmitting element that enough reliability are arranged of merit so far, it can not increase maintenance load and aboard ship use for many years.In addition, in this system, additional operation element must be set, with control pitch (positioner).Actv. solution to this journey is not seen as yet.
The objective of the invention is to make a kind of controllable pitch propeller, its advantage is, by the advance accuracy of any moment blade accurate adjustment in the process of raising, make screw propeller can with the power parameter optimum matching of main frame; From the ship to the propeller hub, handle and regulate the switch of energy and the reliability that transmitting element has height, can not increase the maintenance load of using ship for many years.
Scheme also proposes a kind of propulsive mechanism together therewith, with it ship is worked economically, even also fuel consumption minimum, and, utilize machine power best, and make propulsive mechanism and available machine gross horsepower mate preferably cutting off auxiliary energy when consuming.Therefore can obtain one in short-term and realize the required bigger tractive power of higher ship's speed, as the speed of weighing anchor.
Therefore, task of the present invention is to propose a kind of controllable pitch propeller, it has a stop and the regulating mechanism that can accurately regulate and fix that are used for the accurate adjustment blade, all stop moment and power are not all absorbed by this mechanism under the situation of external energy having in continuous firing on the blade, it is less to change pitch institute energy requirement with this mechanism, and at any time all can carry out the controollable optimum adjustment.Task of the present invention also comprises, find a kind of way, can make manipulation and regulate energy and contactlessly import propeller hub from ship with electromagnetism or permanent magnetic mode, and the hydraulic-slip loss that causes aspect the transmission device that can in propeller hub, not occur regulating from blade, or do not need the pitch control mechanism of the blade that adds yet.
Finishing the measure that above-mentioned task takes by the present invention is; on hull or tail-rotor hub or propeler bracket, fixedly mounted an electromagnet apparatus that not rotatable integral body maybe can be divided; it is installed corresponding to the axial location of screw propeller or oar axle rear flange; by a gap; cover permanent magnet with a discontiguous distance, to replace the rear portion of rope fender guard and/or stern tube seal system.
During continuous firing, no current in the electromagnet apparatus.Revert by suitable selection material or polarity and to make remanent magnetism less.For corrosion prevention, pourable resin in the coil, device seals with non-magnetic material towards that side of screw propeller.
Electric energy is imported in ship, utilize a preliminary election and read out instrument change direction of current increasing or reduce pitch, and the prescribed switch number of steps is also shown under direction at that time, this pitch at that time can be realized under dead ship condition, also can realize under various rotating speeds, at this moment, by means of at that time direction of current in coil, by the permanent magnet groups that magnetic field suction and direction of current match, other then be ostracised, or stay the initial position.The design parameters of permanent magnet and electromagnet apparatus can be complementary with propeller size, adjustment force and external electric current and voltage intensity.
Be connected with the push-and-pull element on the magnet arrangement of propeller hub one side, they change pitch at opposite side by single channel drive clutch and worm mechanism on the control apparatus.
By selecting the dead center position of driving device, force transfering device and permanent magnet device, make the initial tractive force of draw gear less, the terminal tractive force increases, or the initial manipulation of push unit is reduced with the terminal actuating force that reduces more energetically.
To then to install two pairs or many at the ship place one side permanent magnet of packing into to making axially movable permanent magnet with respect to the oar axle.Each is to always comprising the permanent magnet of two reversals.
At dead center position, two magnet shift out beyond their action plane.If will regulate blade,, make one in these magnet to move in the radio plane of flow then according to regulating direction, that is in propeller hub, during the propeller hub rotation, as the situation in electromagnet, the permanent magnet in the propeller hub is always passed in the magnetive attraction pulse, thereby has implemented adjusting.Reversing sense is regulated and is undertaken by the magnet arrangement of conversion in that side of ship.Screw propeller also can be adjusted by the magnet that repeatedly moves axially (pulsation rhythmically) shipboard when dead ship condition.
The principle of work of controllable pitch propeller and structure design principle are such, when ship reaches an arbitrary stable forward travel state, behind ship's speed, thrust, moment of torsion and the rotating speed that at this moment record is reached, under the mode of operation unmodified situation of ship and machine with small step for example ± 0.05 ° or 0.1 ° be adjusted to bigger or less pitch, change pitch by this small step apart from ground, can find out immediately in machine constant in energy or the accurate respective change of thrust when constant, and provide the direction of seeking optimum value.The pitch that regulates is lived by secure fixation during the boatman does, so can not carry out autonomous adjustment.With unmodified pitch on period, do not infeed and regulate or the stop energy to screw propeller, there is not the mechanical friction contact of regulating mechanism moving parts, so this structure helps reducing the wearing and tearing when the life period of ship uses yet.
In order to readjust into a bigger or less pitch, respectively there is one to change circuit that separates separately and the transfer device that direction of current is used.Connect in two circuit one each time corresponding to direction of current, just connect in each circuit, make pitch,, reduce or increase an identical amount as 0.05 ° or 0.1 ° by regulating step pitch.Afterwards, this new pitch that regulates is fixed once more.With a preselector, a plurality of adjusting step pitches are carried out automatically continuously, so the corresponding increase of regulating degree.Connect situation by automatic record, can indicate blade position at that time, and thereby can repeat some adjusting.
For again or the whole pitch of accurate adjustment, regulate cylinder or adjusting screw(rod) by slewing arrangement, according to the stroke of traction or push unit, rotates a structurally definite angle.This slewing arrangement is made up of worm gear, worm screw and single channel drive clutch, belongs to adjusting, preliminary election and pitch indicating device.
In having the slewing arrangement of worm screw, pull bar or draw gear should be like this and the single channel drive clutch join, i.e. their switched in opposite, so pitch increase or reduce will according to handle that pull bar come fixed.
In the device of forming by the adjusting knurl of band helical teeth or skewed slot,, can make adjusting screw(rod) rotate an angle of structurally determining to the left or to the right equally by correspondingly reversal dip and engagement of draw gear at that time.
Traction or the push unit of regulating usefulness can move to propeller hub front end face district always in the propeller hub of controllable pitch propeller, and use under the flange bonded assembly situation at propeller hub and axle, arrive the oar shaft flange end towards hull or screw shaft pipe outlet or propeler bracket always.Two draw geares all couple together to opposite permanent magnet with the utmost point at this end of propeller hub or this end of oar shaft flange, make them under the spring force effect, transfixion or moving to travelling backwards.At propeller hub or on the oar shaft flange lid by the water shutoff and the oil sealing of non-magnetic material system is set, the axial motion of permanent magnet and draw gear is guaranteed at the adjusting work that carries out in service that has under the situation of reliable protection at ship.
For stop in propeller hub and adjusting blade, the transmission device that a hydraulic efficiency pressure system replaces self-locking can be set, this hydraulic efficiency pressure system that stop and adjusting parts (adjusting beam) are worked has one and plays the beidirectional hydraulic actuating cylinder, and is closed-loop.Hydraulic Pump links to each other with the magnetic switch device by strut and tie.
Controllable pitch propeller of the present invention can be made into prototype, or prop shaft is not done retrofiting under the structural change situation used.
Further specify the present invention by means of embodiment below.Represent in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1. by the longitudinal diagram of four leaf controllable pitch propeller integral type propeller hubs, represented to cooperate the blade supporting regulating plate of tilt installing, stop and regulating mechanism, and permanent magnetic one electromagnetic control device of compound type with the conical pressure of oar axle;
Fig. 2. flat blade supporting regulating plate, stop and adjusting beam birds-eye view are cut in controllable pitch propeller integral type propeller hub, side;
Fig. 3. by the cross sectional drawing of blade supporting regulating plate and propeller hub;
But Fig. 4. by the longitudinal diagram of four leaf controllable pitch propeller split propeller hubs, represented inside and outside propeller hub, cooperated, the blade back plate that parallels to the axis and install, stop and regulating mechanism, and the permanent magnetic-electromagnetic control device of compound type with the conical pressure of oar axle;
Fig. 5. the end view of permanent group of magnets;
Fig. 6. the end view of electromagnet apparatus.
Among Fig. 1, in the integral type propeller hub 2 on being pressed in oar axle 1, blade is supported regulating plate 4 shifts onto on the aft end face of boss by the aperture, and with respect to the axis tilt of oar axle 1 supporting, centering ring 5 makes it radially fixing.
Be contained in the guide piece 7 of regulating beam and rest on the integral type propeller hub 2 can axially movable stop and regulate beam 8 in order to prevent to rotate, and is inserted in by adjusting cotter and slide block 9 in the skewed slot 10 of blade supporting regulating plate 4.Stop is connected with a rotatable screw rod that can not support or thread bush 11 by means of screw thread with adjusting beam 8 with moving axially, therefore it always remains on the position that regulates, or make it to be in the desired location by rotating screw bolt or thread bush 11, for this reason, be fixed with a worm gear 12 on screw rod or thread bush 11, it and the worm screw 14 by 13 transmissions of single channel drive clutch mesh.The single channel drive clutch 13 that is located on the worm screw 14 two ends levers links to each other with draw gear 15, draw gear is passed in hole or the opening in the whole propeller hub 2, one through to propeller hub front end face place, and there each with can axially movable permanent magnet groups 16 in one at groove with cover 17 the insides and be connected.
On body behind the ship 18, fixed a best shell 19 divided into two parts, in order to the electromagnet apparatus 20 of packing into.Magnetic bobbin core 21, coil winding 22 and the coil cap 23 of also having represented electromagnet apparatus 20 in the elevation profile shown in Figure 1.Electromagnet apparatus 20 is contained in the preferably Semicircular shell 19 un-rotatably.
Fig. 2 represented above the integral type propeller hub 2 of controllable pitch propeller and one is packed into whole propeller hub 2 from behind the side cut the birds-eye view of seeing above the flat blade supporting regulating plate 4, also represented skewed slot 10, centering ring 5, lateral bolster board 6, stop and adjusting beam 8 among the figure.Fig. 3 represents the drawing in side sectional elevation by oar axle 1, whole propeller hub 2, blade supporting regulating plate 4, centering ring 5 and lateral bolster board 6.
But Fig. 4 has represented the longitudinal diagram of the blade supporting regulating plate 4 installed by four leaf controllable pitch propeller split propeller hubs 3 with parallel axes.Controllable pitch propeller has inside and outside propeller hub, and it is contained on the oar axle 1 by the conical pressure cooperation, has adjusting cotter and slide block 9 on the blade supporting regulating plate 4.Fig. 4 has also represented the stop of band skewed slot 10 and has regulated beam 8, stop and adjusting beam 8 are bearing on the outer propeller hub un-rotatably, and make it to be fixed on the position that regulates by screw thread and screw rod or thread bush 11, or, make it to place the position of predesignating by means of worm gear 12, single channel drive clutch 13, worm screw 14, draw gear 15, permanent magnet groups 16 and electromagnet apparatus 20.
Fig. 5 has represented that the propeller hub divided into two parts of looking towards the direction of ship 3, two polarity can be contained in permanent magnet groups 16 and the draw gear 15 in the propeller hub on the contrary with moving axially.Fig. 6 has represented to be contained in behind the ship electromagnet apparatus 20 divided into two parts, magnetic bobbin core 21 and coil winding 22 on the body 18.
Symbol table
1 propeller shaft
2 Integral-type screw oar propeller hubs
3 discerptible propeller hubs
4 blades supporting adjustable plate
5 centering rings
6 lateral bolster boards
The guide piece of 7 beams
8 stop and adjusting beam
9 adjusting cotters and slide block
10 skewed slots
11 screw rods or thread bush
12 worm gears
13 single channel drive clutches
14 worm screws
15 draw geares
16 permanent magnet groups
17 grooves and lid
Body behind 18 ships
19 shells
20 electromagnet apparatus
21 magnetic bobbin cores
22 coil winding
23 coil caps
24 propeller hub caps
Claims (5)
1, controllable pitch propeller (CFP), a single-piece or discerptible propeller boss are arranged, propeller hub is fixed on the oar axle by the propeller hub and the oar shaft connector of a cylinder or circular cone, its propeller blade is rotatably supported on the propeller hub in corresponding to a limited setting range under the main operation situation of ship, it is characterized in that, be provided with a device that is used to change the pitch of blade, this device has the parts that carry out the electromagnetic transfer energy between ship and propeller hub, comprise a magnetic systems that does not link to each other with hull rotationally and the permanent magnet that is contained in the propeller hub, and the transmitting element that constitutes driving device, for stop and adjusting blade, the part of driving device constitutes the self-locking transmission device of a multi-stage speed-reducing.
2, according to the controllable pitch propeller of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the magnet arrangement (16) that to support a structure movingly in an end region of blade be permanent magnet groups, and press the different utmost points to grouping, separate through a circular clearance and the magnetic systems that can connect (20) on time in ship one side, magnet arrangement (16) in propeller hub one side changes pitch by worm-and-wheel gear (12,14) and single channel drive clutch on push-and-pull element (15) and the control apparatus.
According to the described controllable pitch propeller of claim 2, it is characterized in that 3, permanent magnet groups (16) supports movably, and remain on reference position by spring force.
4, according to the described controllable pitch propeller of claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the worm-and-wheel gear (12,14) two ends of worm screw (14) each by the mode of ratchet attachable single channel drive clutch (13) is housed along opposite hand of rotation, be connected with the pull bar (15) of push-and-pull element on it.
5, according to the described controllable pitch propeller of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be contained in the magnetic pulse oscillator on hull or the etcetera un-rotatably, be preferably designed as electromagnet apparatus (20), also can be designed to and oar axle (1) parallel axes and permanent magnet device (20) movably.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD31330588A DD269363B1 (en) | 1988-03-02 | 1988-03-02 | DEVICE FOR INCREASING THE CHANGE OF THE PROPELLER FLOULDER OF ADJUSTMENT PROPELLERS |
| DLWPB63H/313305-4 | 1988-03-02 | ||
| DD32188188 | 1988-11-17 | ||
| DLWPB63H/321881-3 | 1988-11-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1036535A CN1036535A (en) | 1989-10-25 |
| CN1013184B true CN1013184B (en) | 1991-07-17 |
Family
ID=25748193
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89100999 Expired CN1013184B (en) | 1988-03-02 | 1989-02-28 | Controllable pitch propeller |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0336054A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH026292A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1013184B (en) |
| DK (1) | DK83289A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI890014A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO890394L (en) |
| PL (1) | PL277489A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1829628B (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2010-05-05 | 艾姆博里治有限公司 | Marine propulsion system |
| CN101318547B (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2010-09-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Variable-pitch propelling plant of underwater moving body |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4954885A (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1990-09-04 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Filter for separating luminance and chrominance signals from composite color television signal |
| KR101867251B1 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2018-07-17 | 바르트실라 네덜란드 비.브이. | A method of arranging the lubrication of a controllable pitch propeller arrangement of a marine vessel and a lubrication arrangement therefor |
| KR102043351B1 (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2019-11-12 | 카와사키 주코교 카부시키 카이샤 | Marine propeller |
| CN106628080B (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2019-01-11 | 苏州船用动力系统股份有限公司 | A kind of blade displacement device |
| CN108945364B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2021-01-19 | 南京高精船用设备有限公司 | Large ship propeller based on split type guide frame structure |
| CN108557046B (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-11-15 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Shaft-type oil distributor |
| CN109927868B (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2021-08-10 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Fixed knot of controllable pitch oar constructs |
| CN114940251A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-26 | 广东逸动科技有限公司 | Screw, propeller and equipment on water |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD80634A (en) * | ||||
| NL36986C (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| CH247914A (en) * | 1943-10-02 | 1947-03-31 | Sulzer Ag | Propeller with adjustable blades during operation. |
| DE962579C (en) * | 1954-03-30 | 1957-04-25 | Arne Feroy | Controllable pitch propeller |
| FR2501813B1 (en) * | 1981-03-13 | 1986-06-13 | Amiot Expl Procedes Felix | IMPROVEMENTS IN DEVICES FOR SELECTIVELY COUPLING TO A DRIVING SHAFT TWO SEPARATE DRIVING ORGANS |
-
1989
- 1989-01-03 FI FI890014A patent/FI890014A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-01-23 EP EP19890101153 patent/EP0336054A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-01-31 NO NO89890394A patent/NO890394L/en unknown
- 1989-02-01 PL PL27748989A patent/PL277489A1/en unknown
- 1989-02-17 JP JP3813289A patent/JPH026292A/en active Pending
- 1989-02-23 DK DK83289A patent/DK83289A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-02-28 CN CN 89100999 patent/CN1013184B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1829628B (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2010-05-05 | 艾姆博里治有限公司 | Marine propulsion system |
| CN101318547B (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2010-09-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Variable-pitch propelling plant of underwater moving body |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI890014A0 (en) | 1989-01-03 |
| EP0336054A1 (en) | 1989-10-11 |
| FI890014A (en) | 1989-09-03 |
| NO890394D0 (en) | 1989-01-31 |
| JPH026292A (en) | 1990-01-10 |
| NO890394L (en) | 1989-09-04 |
| DK83289D0 (en) | 1989-02-23 |
| DK83289A (en) | 1989-09-03 |
| PL277489A1 (en) | 1989-10-30 |
| CN1036535A (en) | 1989-10-25 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| AD01 | Patent right deemed abandoned | ||
| C20 | Patent right or utility model deemed to be abandoned or is abandoned |