CN101314145A - Grinder hammerhead with ceramic wearing coat and casting method thereof - Google Patents
Grinder hammerhead with ceramic wearing coat and casting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101314145A CN101314145A CNA2008101225897A CN200810122589A CN101314145A CN 101314145 A CN101314145 A CN 101314145A CN A2008101225897 A CNA2008101225897 A CN A2008101225897A CN 200810122589 A CN200810122589 A CN 200810122589A CN 101314145 A CN101314145 A CN 101314145A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a crusher hammer with a ceramic abrasion-resistant layer and a casting method thereof. The hammer adopts high boron cast steel as a parent body and a ceramic particle composite layer as a surface layer of the hammer, and is produced through a shape casting method that evaporated pattern casting is combined with casting by a cast-penetration process, and high temperature molten steel is taken as a parent body and is penetrated into the ceramic particle composite layer to form metallurgical bonding. The produced hammer has good strength and toughness as well as high hardness and wearing resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grinder hammerhead and casting method thereof with ceramic wearing coat.
Background technology
Tup is the groundwork part of all kinds of hammer mills, also is consumable accessory simultaneously, and annual consumption is huge.By the tracking investigation discovery a large amount of to the high-abrasive material industry, wear resisting steel iron material is made the ubiquitous problem of tup and is: the potassium steel tup is short service life; Middle low-carbon alloy steel tup is not owing to have the hard phase in the tissue, and wearability is relatively poor; Ni-hard cast iron, rich chromium cast iron hardness height, wearability is good, but the intensity of material and poor toughness easily produce fracture under the effect of broken impulsive force; The cast iron tup result of use of adopt the machinery assembling, bonding is compound and metallurgical method such as compound is produced is good, but has shortcomings such as complex process, cost height.At present, the tup of being made by various high-abrasive materials is difficult to reach the combination property of hardness and wearability height, intensity and good toughness.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: a kind of grinder hammerhead and casting method thereof with ceramic wearing coat is provided, it is fertile material that tup adopts high-boron cast steel, the ceramic particle composite bed is the tup top layer, make tup by lost foam casting with the shaping and casting method that the casting infiltration casting combines, high-temperature molten steel permeates in the ceramic particle composite bed as parent and forms metallurgical binding, the tup product strength of production and good toughness, hardness and wearability height.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: be laminated with composite bed on the top layer of this tup by parent and form, parent is a high-boron cast steel, and the mass fraction of its chemical composition is: C0.20%～0.40%, B1.0%～2.5%, Si1.0%～1.5%, S＜0.07, P＜0.08, Mn0.8%～1.2%, Cu0.8%～1.5%, Cr0.8%～1.2%, V＜0.20%, Ti＜0.10%, N＜0.10%, RE＜0.30%, Fe90.85～94.55%; Composite bed is that ceramic particle is composited, and the volume fraction of its composition is: 40～100 order WC20%～40%, 60～100 order ferrochrome powder 10%～20%, PVA binding agent 4%～7%, borax 2%～3%, Eps microballon 30～64%.
Casting method of the present invention is the shaping and casting method that lost foam casting and casting infiltration casting combine, and the employing negative pressure is permeated high-temperature molten steel in composite bed and formed metallurgical binding; Wherein, the high-boron cast steel preprocessing process is: with the Hybrid Heating fusing in intermediate frequency furnace of ordinary scrap steel, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, copper coin, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferromanganese and ferro-boron, adjust composition, after composition is qualified temperature is elevated to 1570～1620 ℃, adds the aluminium that accounts for molten steel quality 0.15～0.30% and carry out deoxidation; Add in advance in the pouring ladle and account for the rare earth of molten steel quality 0.30%, 0.20% vanadium iron, 0.10% ferrotianium, 0.10% nitrided ferro-chromium, its granularity is less than 8mm, molten steel after adopting the method that pours in the bag to deoxidation carries out microalloying to be handled, and leaves standstill after 2～3 minutes molten steel poured into to form the tup product in the disappearance mould; The chamber type electric resistance furnace heating is adopted in heat treatment, is heated to after 1000 ℃ of high temperature austeniteizations insulation 2 hours, and water-cooling pattern cools off fast, subsequently 180 ℃ of insulations after 4 hours air cooling to room temperature; Wherein, the lost foam casting process is: make tup disappearance mould with polystyrene (Eps) foamed plastics, each lacks 3～10mm thickness to its foam mould at the wear surface of both sides than the tup actual size, this 3～10mm thickness gives over to pastes the ceramic particle composite bed, behind ceramic particle composite bed in the stickup of foam mould both sides, apply the fireproof coating oven dry again; On foam mould, also to paste cast gate and rising head, and the mould that will post cast gate and rising head is together imbedded in the dry sand, in vibration frequency is that 50～60Hz, amplitude are that 1～2mm, acceleration are to carry out jolt ramming in 1～2g parameter area, and the negative-pressure vacuum degree is 0.02～0.04Mpa; Wherein, the casting infiltration casting process is: casting infiltration is a kind of process for modifying surface that surface modification and foundry goods moulding are carried out simultaneously, surface modifying material is the ceramic particle composite bed, the various batch mixes of composite bed are even, and be positioned over tamping and strickling in the mould that designs for composite bed, stick on tup foam mould both sides after the oven dry, then apply fireproof coating, 50 ℃ of baking temperature oven dry; The pouring temperature of high-boron cast steel molten steel is 1470 ℃～1520 ℃, and high-temperature molten steel permeates in the ceramic particle composite bed under suction function during cast, has formed the ceramic particle composite bed of 3～10mm on the wear surface of tup both sides.
The present invention has the following advantages: the 1. microhardness height (1400～1600HV) of the fertile material high-boron cast steel hard boride phase of tup, and isolated the distribution, and the high-boron cast steel matrix all is transformed into the good tempered martensite of intensity high-ductility after quenching, tempering, so that tup is in use not easy to wear and fracture; 2. the composite bed thickness 3～10mm of tup, form by ceramic material etc., be uniformly distributed on the working face of high-boron cast steel parent, and formation metallurgical binding, wearability is compared with high-chromium white cast iron can improve 1～2 times, this because of fertile material to ceramic particle " buttressing effect " and ceramic particle " shadow effect " coefficient result to parent; 3. adopt lost foam casting and casting infiltration to cast the shaping and casting method that both combine, the metallurgical binding degree is good; 4. after the wearing and tearing of the composite bed of tup, tup also can continue to use, and has prolonged tup service life, has reduced use cost.
The specific embodiment
Example 1: be laminated with composite bed on the top layer of this tup by parent and form, fertile material is a high-boron cast steel, and the mass fraction of its chemical composition is as follows: C0.21%, B1.4%, Si1.1%, Mn0.91%, Cu0.85%, Cr1.2%, Ti0.085%, V0.14%, N0.074%, RE0.21%, S0.032%, P0.041%, Fe93.74%; Composite bed is the ceramic particle composite bed, and the volume fraction of its composition is: 40 order WC20%, 60 order ferrochrome powder 10%, PVA binding agent 4%, borax 2%, Eps microballon 64%.
Casting method of the present invention is the shaping and casting method that lost foam casting and casting infiltration casting combine, and the employing negative pressure is permeated high-temperature molten steel in composite bed and formed metallurgical binding; Wherein, the high-boron cast steel preprocessing process is: with ordinary scrap steel, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, copper coin is the Hybrid Heating fusing in intermediate frequency furnace, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferromanganese and ferro-boron, adjust composition, after composition is qualified temperature is elevated to 1570 ℃, add the aluminium that accounts for molten steel quality 0.15% and carry out deoxidation, add the rare earth that accounts for molten steel quality 0.30% in the pouring ladle in advance, 0.20% vanadium iron, 0.10% ferrotianium, 0.10% nitrided ferro-chromium, its granularity is less than 8mm, molten steel after adopting the method that pours in the bag to deoxidation carries out microalloying to be handled, and leaves standstill after 2～3 minutes molten steel poured into to form the tup product in the disappearance mould; The chamber type electric resistance furnace heating is adopted in heat treatment, is heated to after 1000 ℃ of high temperature austeniteizations insulation 2 hours, and water-cooling pattern cools off fast, subsequently 180 ℃ of insulations after 4 hours air cooling to room temperature; Wherein, the lost foam casting process is: make tup disappearance mould with polystyrene (Eps) foamed plastics, each lacks 3mm thickness to its foam mould at the wear surface of both sides than the tup actual size, this 3mm thickness gives over to pastes the ceramic particle composite bed, behind ceramic particle composite bed in the stickup of foam mould both sides, apply the fireproof coating oven dry again; Also will paste cast gate and rising head on foam mould, and the mould that will post cast gate and rising head imbedding together in the dry sand, is that 1mm, acceleration are to carry out jolt ramming in the 1g parameter area at vibration frequency 50Hz, amplitude, and the negative-pressure vacuum degree is 0.02Mpa; Wherein, the casting infiltration casting process is: casting infiltration is a kind of process for modifying surface that surface modification and foundry goods moulding are carried out simultaneously, surface modifying material is the ceramic particle composite bed, the various batch mixes of composite bed are even, and be positioned over tamping and strickling in the mould that designs for composite bed, stick on tup foam mould both sides after the oven dry, then apply fireproof coating, 50 ℃ of baking temperature oven dry; The pouring temperature of high-boron cast steel molten steel is 1470 ℃, and high-temperature molten steel permeates in the ceramic particle composite bed under suction function during cast, has formed the ceramic particle composite bed of 3mm on the wear surface of tup both sides.
Example 2: be laminated with composite bed on the top layer of this tup by parent and form, fertile material is a high-boron cast steel, and the mass fraction of its chemical composition is as follows: C0.29%, B1.85%, Si1.25%, Mn1.13%, Cu1.15%, Cr0.97%, Ti0.087%, V0.11%, N0.064%, RE0.19%, S0.042%, P0.047%, Fe92.82%; Composite bed is the ceramic particle composite bed, and the volume fraction of its composition is: 40 order WC30%, 60 order ferrochrome powder 15%, PVA binding agent 5.5%, borax 2.5%, Eps microballon 47%.
Casting method of the present invention is the shaping and casting method that lost foam casting and casting infiltration casting combine, and the employing negative pressure is permeated high-temperature molten steel in composite bed and formed metallurgical binding; Wherein, processes such as high-boron cast steel melting, heat treatment are: with the Hybrid Heating fusing in intermediate frequency furnace of ordinary scrap steel, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, copper coin, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferromanganese and ferro-boron, adjust composition, after composition is qualified temperature is elevated to 1600 ℃, adds the aluminium that accounts for molten steel quality 0.25% and carry out deoxidation.Add in advance in the pouring ladle and account for the rare earth of molten steel quality 0.30%, 0.20% vanadium iron, 0.10% ferrotianium, 0.10% nitrided ferro-chromium, its granularity is less than 8mm, molten steel after adopting the method that pours in the bag to deoxidation carries out microalloying to be handled, and leaves standstill after 2～3 minutes molten steel poured into to form the tup product in the disappearance mould; The chamber type electric resistance furnace heating is adopted in heat treatment, is heated to after 1000 ℃ of high temperature austeniteizations insulation 2 hours, and water-cooling pattern cools off fast, subsequently 180 ℃ of insulations after 4 hours air cooling to room temperature; Wherein, the lost foam casting process is: make tup disappearance mould with polystyrene (Eps) foamed plastics, each lacks 6mm thickness to its foam mould at the wear surface of both sides than the tup actual size, this 6mm thickness gives over to pastes the ceramic particle composite bed, behind ceramic particle composite bed in the stickup of foam mould both sides, apply the fireproof coating oven dry again; Also will paste cast gate and rising head on foam mould, and the apperance that will post cast gate and rising head imbedding together in the dry sand, is that 1.5mm, acceleration are to carry out jolt ramming in the 1.5g parameter area at vibration frequency 55Hz, amplitude, and the negative-pressure vacuum degree is 0.03Mpa; Wherein, the casting infiltration casting process is: casting infiltration is a kind of process for modifying surface that surface modification and foundry goods moulding are carried out simultaneously, surface modifying material is the ceramic particle composite bed, the various batch mixes of composite bed are even, and be positioned over tamping and strickling in the mould that designs for composite bed, stick on tup foam mould both sides after the oven dry, then apply fireproof coating, 50 ℃ of baking temperature oven dry; The pouring temperature of high-boron cast steel molten steel is 1490 ℃, and high-temperature molten steel permeates in the ceramic particle composite bed under suction function during cast, has formed the ceramic particle composite bed of 6mm on the wear surface of tup both sides.
Example 3: be laminated with composite bed on the top layer of this tup by parent and form, fertile material is a high-boron cast steel, and the mass fraction of its chemical composition is as follows: C0.389%, B2.39%, Si1.41%, Mn1.17%, Cu1.35%, Cr1.09%, Ti0.086%, V0.17%, N0.084%, RE0.27%, S0.037%, P0.044%, Fe91.51%; Composite bed is the ceramic particle composite bed, and the volume fraction of its composition is: 40 order WC40%, 60 order ferrochrome powder 20%, PVA binding agent 7%, borax 3%, Eps microballon 30%.
Casting method of the present invention is the shaping and casting method that lost foam casting and casting infiltration casting combine, and the employing negative pressure is permeated high-temperature molten steel in composite bed and formed metallurgical binding; Wherein, the high-boron cast steel melting, processes such as heat treatment are: with ordinary scrap steel, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, copper coin is the Hybrid Heating fusing in intermediate frequency furnace, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferromanganese and ferro-boron, adjust composition, after composition is qualified temperature is elevated to 1620 ℃, add the aluminium that accounts for molten steel quality 0.30% and carry out deoxidation, add the rare earth that accounts for molten steel quality 0.30% in the pouring ladle in advance, 0.20% vanadium iron, 0.10% ferrotianium, 0.10% nitrided ferro-chromium, its granularity is less than 8mm, molten steel after adopting the method that pours in the bag to deoxidation carries out microalloying to be handled, and leaves standstill after 2～3 minutes molten steel poured into to form the tup product in the disappearance mould; The chamber type electric resistance furnace heating is adopted in heat treatment, is heated to after 1000 ℃ of high temperature austeniteizations insulation 2 hours, and water-cooling pattern cools off fast, subsequently 180 ℃ of insulations after 4 hours air cooling to room temperature; Wherein, the lost foam casting process is: make tup disappearance mould with polystyrene (Eps) foamed plastics, each lacks 10mm thickness to its foam mould at the wear surface of both sides than the tup actual size, this 10mm thickness gives over to pastes the ceramic particle composite bed, behind ceramic particle composite bed in the stickup of foam mould both sides, apply the fireproof coating oven dry again; Also will paste cast gate and rising head on foam mould, and the mould that will post cast gate and rising head imbedding together in the dry sand, is that 60Hz, amplitude are that 2mm, acceleration are to carry out jolt ramming in the 2g parameter area in vibration frequency, and the negative-pressure vacuum degree is 0.04Mpa; Wherein, the casting infiltration casting process is: casting infiltration is a kind of process for modifying surface that surface modification and foundry goods moulding are carried out simultaneously, surface modifying material is the ceramic particle composite bed, the various batch mixes of composite bed are even, and be positioned over tamping and strickling in the mould that designs for composite bed, stick on tup foam mould both sides after the oven dry, then apply fireproof coating, 50 ℃ of baking temperature oven dry; The pouring temperature of high-boron cast steel molten steel is 1520 ℃, and high-temperature molten steel permeates in the ceramic particle composite bed under suction function during cast, has formed the ceramic particle composite bed of 10mm on the wear surface of tup both sides.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of grinder hammerhead with ceramic wearing coat, it is characterized in that: be laminated with composite bed on the top layer of this tup by parent and form, parent is a high-boron cast steel, and the mass fraction of its chemical composition is: C0.20%～0.40%, B1.0%～2.5%, Si1.0%～1.5%, S＜0.07, P＜0.08, Mn0.8%～1.2%, Cu0.8%～1.5%, Cr0.8%～1.2%, V＜0.20%, Ti＜0.10%, N＜0.10%, RE＜0.30%, Fe90.85～94.55%; Composite bed is that ceramic particle material is composited, and the volume fraction of its composition is: 40～100 order WC20%～40%, 60～100 order ferrochrome powder 10%～20%, PVA binding agent 4%～7%, borax 2%～3%, Eps microballon 30～64%.
2, the casting method of a kind of grinder hammerhead with ceramic wearing coat according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this casting method is the shaping and casting method that combines with the casting infiltration casting by lost foam casting, high-temperature molten steel permeates under suction function in the ceramic particle composite bed and forms metallurgical binding, wherein, the high-boron cast steel preprocessing process is: with the Hybrid Heating fusing in intermediate frequency furnace of ordinary scrap steel, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, copper coin, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferromanganese and ferro-boron.Adjust composition then, after composition is qualified temperature is elevated to 1570～1620 ℃, add the aluminium that accounts for molten steel quality 0.15～0.30% and carry out deoxidation.Add in advance in the pouring ladle and account for the rare earth of molten steel quality 0.30%, 0.20% vanadium iron, 0.10% ferrotianium, 0.10% nitrided ferro-chromium, its granularity is less than 8mm, molten steel after adopting the method that pours in the bag to deoxidation carries out microalloying to be handled, and leaves standstill after 2～3 minutes molten steel poured into to form the tup product in the disappearance mould; The chamber type electric resistance furnace heating is adopted in heat treatment, is heated to after 1000 ℃ of high temperature austeniteizations insulation 2 hours, and water-cooling pattern cools off fast, subsequently 180 ℃ of insulations after 4 hours air cooling to room temperature; Wherein, the lost foam casting process is: make tup disappearance mould with polystyrene (Eps) foamed plastics, each lacks 3～10mm thickness to its foam mould at the wear surface of both sides than the tup actual size, this 3～10mm thickness gives over to pastes the ceramic particle composite bed, behind ceramic particle composite bed in the stickup of foam mould both sides, apply the fireproof coating oven dry again; On foam mould, also to paste cast gate and rising head, and the apperance that will post cast gate and rising head is together imbedded in the dry sand, in vibration frequency is that 50～60Hz, amplitude are that 1～2mm, acceleration are to carry out jolt ramming in 1～2g parameter area, and the negative-pressure vacuum degree is 0.02～0.04Mpa; Wherein, the casting infiltration casting process is: casting infiltration is a kind of process for modifying surface that surface modification and foundry goods moulding are carried out simultaneously, surface modifying material is the ceramic particle composite bed, the various batch mixes of composite bed are even, and be positioned over tamping and strickling in the mould that designs for composite bed, stick on tup foam mould both sides after the oven dry, then apply fireproof coating, 50 ℃ of baking temperature oven dry; The pouring temperature of high-boron cast steel molten steel is 1470 ℃～1520 ℃, and high-temperature molten steel permeates in the ceramic particle composite bed under suction function during cast, has formed the ceramic particle composite bed of 3～10mm on the wear surface of tup both sides.
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| CN101905185A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2010-12-08 | 吉林大学 | In-situ ceramic partially-reinforced composite material hammerhead for crusher and preparation method |
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