CN101312321A

CN101312321A - Novel magnetic clutch

Info

Publication number: CN101312321A
Application number: CNA2007100156274A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈伯恒
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-05-23
Filing date: 2007-05-23
Publication date: 2008-11-26

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel magnetic clutch in the field of centrifugal clutches, the magnetic clutch mechanism has an input shaft 1 and is characterized in that a disc radially equipped with a plurality of T-shaped slots is coaxially manufactured or fixedly mounted on the input shaft 1, T-shaped blocks 6 with the shape and size corresponding to the T-shaped slots are respectively and movably installed in every T-shaped slot, moving magnets 5 with the same axial direction of magnetic field as the axial direction of the input shaft 1 are fixedly mounted in each of the T-shaped blocks 6 along the axial direction of the input shaft 1, a stepped disc-shaped output disc 12 equipped with an output interface is coaxially installed on the input shaft 1 through a bearing 11, and stationary magnets 7 with the axial direction of magnetic field parallel to the axial direction of the moving magnets 5 are respectively and fixedly installed at a planar position of the output disc 12, wherein the planar position of the output disc 12 corresponds to the position, along the limit position at the outer end of the T-shaped slots, of the moving magnets 5 installed on the input shaft 1, a certain spacing is remained between the outer end plane of the stationary magnets 7 and the outer end plane of the moving magnets 5 which correspond to each other, and the corresponding surfaces of the moving magnets 5 and the stationary magnets 7 have the same magnetic field polarities.

Description

Novel magnetic clutch

One, technical field

The present invention is a kind of novel magnetic clutch that belongs to clutch field.

Two, background technology

In mechanical field, clutch is an important mechanical part, and it mainly is to play to make mechanical system and dynamical system combination and the effect that separates timely on request.

The kind of the clutch of traditional structure is a lot, but mainly contain several classes (referring to the common mechanical design manual) such as jaw clutch, friction clutch, centrifugal clutch, freewheel clutch, electromagnetic clutch, overload clutch, the interelement that a common feature of these clutches is exactly a transmission of power all is to adopt contact form, except that jaw clutch, other clutch general last all be the transmission work of finishing power by friction element, so the mechanical wear problem that the existing common issue with of these clutches is exactly a friction element.Just because of the existence of these reasons, make these clutches on range of application, be subjected to certain restriction.So the clutch that designs a kind of non-contact type should be more positive on effect.

Three, summary of the invention

The principle technical scheme of the novel magnetic clutch that the employing permanent magnet that the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of non-contact type is relatively wider, relatively simple for structure as the scope of application of the primary element of transferring power, large-sized power machinery also is suitable for.

The present invention is achieved in that to have power shaft 1 in the mechanism, it is characterized in that: on power shaft 1, be shaped on or fixedly be equipped with the disk that radially be shaped on a plurality of chutes coaxial with power shaft 1, in each chute, movable respectively shape and the size slide block 6 corresponding of being equipped with chute, in each slide block 6, the axial identical moving magnet 5 of its magnetic field axis direction and power shaft 1 is housed along the axial restraint of power shaft 1, on power shaft 1, by the bearing 11 coaxial ladder disc output panels 12 that are shaped on output interface on it that are equipped with, output panel 12 be contained in power shaft 1 on moving magnet 5 along place, the plane of the corresponding position of chute outer end extreme position, the parallel outer transverse plane of the corresponding respectively direction that its magnetic field axis fixedly is housed and moving magnet 5 axis directions is corresponding and keep the identical fixed magnet 7 of certain intervals and the polarity of the magnetic field corresponding surface place and moving magnet 5 with moving magnet 5 outer transverse planes.

The shape of moving magnet 5 and fixed magnet 7 can be cylindrical or cylindrical end chamfering shape or ladder is cylindrical or rectangle or ladder rectangle, and chute can be made into T-slot or J-shaped groove, and slide block 6 can be made into T shape slide block or J-shaped slide block.。

The group of magnets of being made up of fixed magnet 7 and moving magnet 5 can be made into the structure that is symmetrically distributed with respect to power shaft 1, at this moment, the fixed magnet of opposite side and fixed magnet overcoat can be installed in one and do coaxial top and output panel 12 disc that connects that fixes that connects by bearing and output shaft 1 and connect on the dish 2.

The group of magnets of many group symmetries can be installed on power shaft 1.

Moving magnet 5 radially can be separately fixed on the specific service position, with the disk that moving magnet 5 is installed on the power shaft 1 make by feather key and power shaft 1 connect and pass through hydraulic pressure or air pressure along the axial motion of power shaft 1 structure.

Can adopt the mechanism of a plurality of group of magnets work in combination, at this moment, the combination and the type of drive of each friction plate in the mechanism of the combination of plate-like mechanism of moving, fixed magnet and the multi-plate friction clutch that type of drive can be used standard is housed respectively.

During concrete work, for example when novel magnetic clutch is used for heavy mechanical equipment, the input of novel magnetic clutch can be connected with motor, its output is connected with plant equipment, so, when motor start-up, because rotating speed is lower in the regular hour, so the centrifugal force of the moving magnet in the mechanism 5 generation under mechanism's effect at this moment is less relatively, therefore be not enough to play and drive the purpose that fixed magnet 7 rotates together, so at this moment plant equipment is to be in a static relatively state, and motor really can progressively start under near the state of zero load, when the rotating speed of motor acquires a certain degree, because fixed magnet 7 is that homopolarity is relative with moving magnet 5, so under action of centrifugal force, when moving magnet 5 during radially near moving magnet 7, the two must produce an effect of repelling mutually, because at this moment moving magnet 5 is around rotational, so, under the constraints of mutual alignment, fixed magnet 7 extremely place system also can begin the trend that thereupon rotates, at this moment, output panel 12 begins plant equipment is produced an operation torque that progressively strengthens, therefore, the inertia mass that this operation torque of progressively strengthening begins to overcome the associated components of plant equipment own makes equipment finish the work of starting stably, when electrical motors arrived the nominal operation rotating speed, plant equipment had also just entered normal operating state.When plant equipment runs into the unexpected increase of load or catching phenomenon in the course of the work; because moving magnet 5 its peak torque that can transmit under the condition of given rotating speed determines according to designing requirement; so under the overload situation; novel magnetic clutch will produce skidding, so just effectively protected the safety of motor and equipment.See that in this sense novel magnetic clutch is the soft start work that can finish usually said heavy mechanical equipment.

In addition, because the scope of application of the present invention is wider relatively, and it is relatively simple for structure, manufacturing cost is relatively low, and the flexibility of design is more intense, for example: when being used for the soft start work of heavy mechanical equipment and automobile clutch, novel magnetic clutch all can effectively play energy-conservation effect, so, can produce positive effect after estimating to implement.

Four, description of drawings

The present invention has 2 accompanying drawings, and Fig. 1 is the basic principle schematic of novel magnetic clutch, and Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1.Among each figure: 1, power shaft; 2, connect dish; 3, bolt; 4, clamp nut; 5, moving magnet; 6, slide block; 7, fixed magnet; 8, back-up ring; 9, fixed magnet overcoat; 10, nut; 11, bearing; 12, output panel.

Five, embodiment

Below, in conjunction with Figure of description the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is further described:

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, can see, has power shaft 1 in the mechanism, it is characterized in that: on power shaft 1, be shaped on or fixedly be equipped with the disk that radially be shaped on a plurality of chutes coaxial with power shaft 1, in each chute, movable respectively shape and the size slide block 6 corresponding of being equipped with chute, in each slide block 6, the axial identical moving magnet 5 of its magnetic field axis direction and power shaft 1 is housed along the axial restraint of power shaft 1, on power shaft 1, by the bearing 11 coaxial ladder disc output panels 12 that are shaped on output interface on it that are equipped with, output panel 12 be contained in power shaft 1 on moving magnet 5 along place, the plane of the corresponding position of chute outer end extreme position, the parallel outer transverse plane of the corresponding respectively direction that its magnetic field axis fixedly is housed and moving magnet 5 axis directions is corresponding and keep the identical fixed magnet 7 of certain intervals and the polarity of the magnetic field corresponding surface place and moving magnet 5 with moving magnet 5 outer transverse planes.As can be seen, the basic functional principle of mechanism is to rely on moving magnet 5 in the radial motion of action of centrifugal force lower edge and near fixed magnet, because between two magnet is that homopolarity is relative, so will produce repulsive force, when this close repulsive force and acquire a certain degree after, just can reach the purpose that drives plant equipment.

The shape of moving magnet 5 and fixed magnet 7 can be cylindrical or cylindrical end chamfering shape or ladder is cylindrical or rectangle or ladder rectangle, and chute can be made into T-slot or J-shaped groove, and slide block 6 can be made into T shape slide block or J-shaped slide block.The shape of magnet can be selected flexibly according to concrete requirement during specific design, and the magnet of other shape also can be selected.Generally speaking, it is relatively good that chute is made T-slot, because just can adopt standard cutter to process like this.For simplified manufacturing technique, chute also can be made into the J-shaped groove, but because a recessed limit is lacked than T-slot in the bottom of J-shaped groove, so make relatively simply, but positioning function is weaker a little.The purpose that adopts said structure is that anti-limited slip block 6 is deviate from from chute vertically.

The group of magnets of being made up of fixed magnet 7 and moving magnet 5 can be made into the structure that is symmetrically distributed with respect to power shaft 1, at this moment, the fixed magnet of opposite side and fixed magnet overcoat can be installed in one and do coaxial top and output panel 12 disc that connects that fixes that connects by bearing and output shaft 1 and connect on the dish 2.When the shape of fixed magnet 7 becomes ladder cylindrical, also can be fixed is installed in outer a formation in the columniform fixed magnet overcoat 9 that is fixed on by back-up ring 8 in the hole that is shaped on output panel 12 corresponding flats, and moving magnet also can be fixed in the hole that correspondence is shaped in the slide block 6 by clamp nut 4.During specific design, during for the selection of moving, fixed magnet overcoat, can consider to allow the loop of the formation oneself that the magnetic line of force of each magnet can both be independent generally speaking, because do easy formation so with joint efforts.So the magnetic permeability of the disk employing material on output panel 12 and power shaft 1 can decide concrete design in conjunction with test according to different situations not simultaneously, generally speaking, the two all can adopt austenitic stainless steel material to make, and like this, the cost of its manufacturing is relatively low.

Generally speaking, can consider to adopt in the periphery of magnet to add an overcoat of making by austenitic stainless steel material, also can consider around magnet, to add the overcoat of bilayer or multilayer, and utilize yoke to make the magnetic line of force form the loop.In case of necessity, also can consider to allow between each magnet to form a combined loop, still, because the calculating more complicated of magnetic circuit generally speaking, so, should consider the method for designing that adopts test to combine during specific design with the method for designing of classics.When the working diameter of centrifugal magnetic clutch is big, also can consider to make the scheme of the quantity of fixed magnet more than moving magnet quantity.

In addition, when chute adopts T-slot, because the lower end of each T-slot in the mechanism all can be shaped on a diameter and the corresponding hole of T shape piece diameter generally speaking, so, T shape piece is easy to drop out from the hole during work, so, can adopt and in the hole, adorn a bolt 3, and be fixed on method in the hole with nut 10, avoid T shape piece to drop out.As can be seen, the advantage that the driver element of centrifugal magnetic clutch is designed to symmetrical structure is the torque capacity that can increase mechanism on the one hand under the constant situation of the radius of clean-up of mechanism, on the other hand, because its symmetric characteristics can effectively be offset the axial thrust that mechanism produces.

The group of magnets of many group symmetries can be installed on power shaft 1, and the purpose of doing like this is the size that can effectively reduce on the diametric(al) of the present invention, and this point is eaily for large-scale novel magnetic clutch in design.

Moving magnet 5 radially can be separately fixed on the specific service position, with the disk that moving magnet 5 is installed on the power shaft 1 make by feather key and power shaft 1 connect and pass through hydraulic pressure or air pressure along the axial motion of power shaft 1 structure.Disk on the power shaft 1 can be made into respect to output panel 12 and connects dish 2 symmetrical structures, and can be made into many groups.This structure in fact be exactly make, fixed magnet is separately fixed on the specific service position, the disk that magnet is installed on the power shaft 1 is made the structure that connects by feather key, and come driver plate, thereby make power shaft 1 and output panel 12 be issued to the purpose of connection in effect moving, fixed magnet by hydraulic pressure or air pressure mechanism.Disk in this generally speaking mechanism can be made into symmetrical many group structures, and symmetrical purpose is to offset the axial force that mechanism produces under external force.

Be unlikely to influence in the effect of its axial force under the situation of normal operation of mechanism, the mechanism that can adopt a plurality of group of magnets work in combination, adopting the purposes of many group disks is the output torques that can increase mechanism.When adopting this structure, can use many group disks along mechanism that same direction is moved, at this moment, the combination and the type of drive of each friction plate in the mechanism of the combination of plate-like mechanism of moving, fixed magnet and the multi-plate friction clutch that type of drive can be used standard are housed respectively.The purpose of doing like this is a simplified design scheme to a certain extent, at this moment, only the driving and driven friction plate of traditional wafer-type need be replaced and is got final product with disk moving, fixed magnet is housed respectively, and other structure can have been applied mechanically normal structure just basically.

Because the mode of this transfer torque realizes that by hydraulic pressure or air pressure so the time that mechanism starts can be regulated flexibly, its output torque also can be regulated as required flexibly under the state of operate as normal, therefore can play the effect that becomes moment of torsion.But the manufacturing process more complicated of this structure, manufacturing cost are relatively also than higher.

Claims

1, a kind of novel magnetic clutch, has power shaft (1), it is characterized in that: on power shaft (1), be shaped on or fixedly be equipped with the disk that radially be shaped on a plurality of chutes coaxial with power shaft (1), in each chute, movable respectively shape and the size slide block (6) corresponding of being equipped with chute, in each slide block (6), the axial identical moving magnet (5) of its magnetic field axis direction and power shaft (1) is housed along the axial restraint of power shaft (1), on power shaft (1), by the coaxial ladder disc output panel (12) that is shaped on output interface on it that is equipped with of bearing (11), output panel (12) be contained in power shaft (1) on moving magnet (5) along place, the plane of the corresponding position of chute outer end extreme position, the parallel outer transverse plane of the corresponding respectively direction that its magnetic field axis fixedly is housed and moving magnet (5) axis direction is corresponding and keep fixed magnet (7) certain intervals and that the polarity of the magnetic field corresponding surface place is identical with moving magnet (5) with the outer transverse plane of moving magnet (5).

2, novel magnetic clutch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the shape of moving magnet (5) and fixed magnet (7) can be cylindrical or cylindrical end chamfering shape or ladder is cylindrical or rectangle or ladder rectangle, chute can be made into T-slot or J-shaped groove, and slide block (6) can be made into T shape slide block or J-shaped slide block.

3, novel magnetic clutch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the group of magnets of being made up of fixed magnet (7) and moving magnet (5) can be made into the structure that is symmetrically distributed with respect to power shaft (1), at this moment, the fixed magnet of opposite side and fixed magnet overcoat can be installed in one and do coaxial top and output panel (12) disc that connects that fixes that connects by bearing and output shaft (1) and connect on the dish (2).

4, novel magnetic clutch according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the group of magnets that many group symmetries can be installed on power shaft (1).

5, novel magnetic clutch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: moving magnet (5) radially can be separately fixed on the specific service position, the disk that power shaft (1) go up is installed moving magnet (5) make by feather key and power shaft (1) connect and pass through hydraulic pressure or air pressure along the axial motion of power shaft (1) structure.

6, novel magnetic clutch according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the mechanism that can adopt a plurality of group of magnets work in combination, at this moment, the combination and the type of drive of each friction plate in the mechanism of the combination of plate-like mechanism of moving, fixed magnet and the multi-plate friction clutch that type of drive can be used standard are housed respectively.