CN101311848B - Image forming apparatus and image forming method - Google Patents
Image forming apparatus and image forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101311848B CN101311848B CN2008100985243A CN200810098524A CN101311848B CN 101311848 B CN101311848 B CN 101311848B CN 2008100985243 A CN2008100985243 A CN 2008100985243A CN 200810098524 A CN200810098524 A CN 200810098524A CN 101311848 B CN101311848 B CN 101311848B
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Abstract
An image forming apparatus and an image forming method are provided which form high-quality fixed images having no fogs and the like defects, in which apparatus and method a toner entering a pressure-contact area between rollers is prevented from scattering. A control is performed on preheating conditions for preheating an unfixed toner image on a recording medium, which unfixed toner image indicates a toner image transferred but not yet fixed, and a control is further performed such that an amount of toner attached to the recording medium at a coverage rate of 100% is 0.4 mg/cm2 or less, with the result that the toner is prevented from scattering when the recording medium carrying the unfixed toner image passes through a pressure-contact area formed between a heating roller and a pressurizing roller in a fixing step.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to image processing system and image forming method.
Background technology
In the image processing system that uses the electrofax mode, the image development that forms on the photoreceptor is formed toner image, and this image is transferred on the recording medium such as paper and carries out photographic fixing, form image thus.As fixation method, generally use the hot photographic fixing mode of crimping.
The hot photographic fixing mode of crimping is the recording medium that transfer printing is had the toner image of not photographic fixing, carry out the mode that crimping is heated by the pressure contact portion between the pair of rolls that at least one is heated and mutual crimping is rotated, the thermoplastic resin fusion of the principal ingredient that constitute as toner this moment is softening and adhere on the recording medium, as toner image and photographic fixing on recording medium.
The performance of wishing as image processing system, comprise high speed and for the correspondence of various recording mediums, in the hot photographic fixing mode of crimping, the heat that can supply with recording medium is restricting fixation rate, thus consecutive image when forming the image of unit interval form quantity and also be restricted.In addition, many in the time of must making heat supplied to recording medium than the common paper photographic fixing when on recording mediums such as ground paper, carrying out photographic fixing, fixation rate is slowed down.
Because these reasons, following technology has been proposed: before the recording medium after the toner image transfer printing being carried out the photographic fixing processing, preheat temperature (100 ℃ to about toner softening temperature) in advance to regulation, payment is because the fixing conditions difference that the information relevant with recording medium such as recording medium kind or size cause prevents that image quality from descending thus.
But if the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium increases, then toner image is on recording medium during by thermo-compressed, toner disperses to edge part, in this state by photographic fixing, produces new problem, be the boundary portion of edge part or the image coarse indentation that becomes, image quality decrease.
Along with the requirement for high quality graphic or high precise image uprises and the together small particle diameterization and the spheroidization of toner with it, such problem is remarkable all the more.
In the Japanese kokai publication hei 9-160408 communique in the disclosed technology, according to the material of the recording medium that is input to control part and the temperature that will preheat the well heater of portion switches to the temperature of regulation, simultaneously by at the inner temperature sensor that is provided with of well heater with high precision with the detected temperatures information feedback of tape member to control part, the toner image of transfer printing all can be heated to fixing preparation temperature on the different recording medium of material or thickness, can be to diversified transfer materials record high quality images by such formation.
In the disclosed technology of TOHKEMY 2003-271007 communique, the temperature of the recording medium when pressure contact portion between roller being charged into the recording medium preheating before the photographic fixing by having in the fixing device of the hot photographic fixing mode of crimping is the preheating part of the temperature range of regulation, can not be subjected to the kind or the size impact of recording medium, when photographic fixing, provide heat to recording medium neither too much nor too littlely, and obtain high-quality photographic fixing image.
In the disclosed technology of TOHKEMY 2006-154244 communique, in the fixing device that before photographic fixing, has the portion of preheating, use has the double-decker of core-shell-type, by by preheating the polymerization toner that the resin that softens constitutes shell portion, the non-cohesive each other and toner of toner does not disperse or waves, also do not disperse or the photographic fixing conditions of streaking, can obtain high-quality and high meticulous image.
In the disclosed technology of Japanese kokai publication hei 9-160408 communique, the scope that preheat temperature maintains more than 100 ℃, the toner softening temperature is following, and the toner on the recording medium is also preheated near softening temperature, therefore infer that a part of toner also produces fusion each other, but under the situation how of the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium, can not prevent that toner from dispersing.
In the disclosed technology of TOHKEMY 2003-271007 communique, below preheat temperature is low to moderate about 100 ℃, can not produce the toner fusion, therefore because of preheating, particularly under the many situations of toner adhesion amount on the recording medium, owing to dispersing of toner causes image quality decrease.
In the disclosed technology of TOHKEMY 2006-154244 communique, owing to do not consider the toner adhesion amount on the recording chart, when therefore the toner adhesion amount on the recording chart is many, can not to be communicated to toner layer whole for temperature when preheating, fusion between the toner is insufficient, therefore owing to dispersing of toner prevents to cause producing image quality decrease.In addition, the disclosed technology of TOHKEMY 2006-154244 communique is a polymerization toner, and polymerization toner is a substantially spherical, therefore preheats the preceding toner particle of step and comes off from toner layer easily, becomes the reason that toner disperses.
Summary of the invention
Order of the present invention is to solve above-mentioned prior art problem, and the toner when providing the pressure contact portion that can prevent between roller to charge into disperses, and can form the image processing system and the image forming method of no photographic fog etc., high-quality photographic fixing image.
The present invention is a kind of image processing system, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Comprise image forming, form the toner image formation portion of toner image on the image forming surface,
Control toner image formation portion makes that the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% is 0.4mg/cm
2Following adhesion amount control part,
Described toner image is transferred to transfer printing portion on the recording medium,
Make the unfixed toner image that is transferred on the recording medium on recording medium, before the photographic fixing, carry out the pre-warmed portion that preheats to described unfixed toner image,
Control preheat portion the condition that preheats the condition that preheats control part and
Make preheated unfixed toner image in the pressure contact portion process that forms by warm-up mill and backer roll, thereby make the photographic fixing portion of unfixed toner image photographic fixing on recording medium.
According to the present invention, image processing system comprises toner image formation portion, adhesion amount control part, transfer printing portion, preheats portion, preheats condition control part and photographic fixing portion.Toner image formation portion comprises image forming, and forms toner image on the image forming surface.Adhesion amount control part control toner image formation portion makes that the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% is 0.4mg/cm
2Below.Transfer printing portion is transferred to toner image on the recording medium.The portion that preheats before the photographic fixing, preheats the unfixed toner image that is transferred on the recording medium to described unfixed toner image on recording medium.Preheat the condition that preheats that the control of condition control part preheats portion.Photographic fixing portion makes unfixed toner image photographic fixing on recording medium by making the pressure contact portion of preheated unfixed toner image by being formed by warm-up mill and backer roll.
Utilization preheats the control of condition control part and preheats condition, utilization preheat portion to transfer printing after unfixing toner on the recording medium before the photographic fixing preheat, and utilize the adhesion amount control part to control to make the adhesion amount of toner on the recording medium of printing rate 100% be 0.4mg/cm
2Below, thus, in the photographic fixing operation, when the pressure contact portion of the recording medium that carries unfixing toner by forming by warm-up mill and backer roll, prevent that toner from dispersing.If the adhesion amount of toner on the recording medium of printing rate 100% surpasses 0.4mg/cm
2, when then preheating on the recording medium temperature of the unfixing toner of transfer printing can not fully rise, do not produce the fusion between the toner, therefore in the photographic fixing operation, when the pressure contact portion of recording medium by being formed by warm-up mill and backer roll, the generation toner disperses the picture quality variation.In addition, the toner that disperses cause roller to pollute, so deterioration of image quality is more remarkable attached on warm-up mill and the backer roll.
In addition, in the present invention, preferably using volume average particle size is below the above 8 μ m of 3 μ m, and shape coefficient SF2 is more than 140 and less than 145 toner.
According to the present invention, by using volume average particle size is more than the 3 μ m below the 8 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 is more than 140 and less than 145 toner, can stably supply with toner to photoreceptor, can prevent further that toner from dispersing, and when preheating, can make fusion more fully between the toner, therefore can stably form the high precise image that toner does not disperse.
If use the toner of volume average particle size less than 3 μ m, then the particle diameter of toner is too small, might cause high-band electrification and low liquidation.If cause this high-band electrification and low liquidation, then can not stably supply with toner to photoreceptor, might produce background fog and image color and descend.If use volume average particle size to surpass the toner of 8 μ m, then the particle diameter of toner is big, therefore can not obtain high meticulous image.In addition, the particle diameter of toner bigger serface more is more little, and the carried charge of toner unit volume is more little.If the carried charge of toner unit volume diminishes, then can not stably supply with toner to photoreceptor, might cause producing in the equipment pollution because toner disperses.In addition, it is big that the space in the toner becomes, and the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% also increases, and therefore makes deterioration in image quality become remarkable owing to toner disperses when the pressure contact portion that is formed by warm-up mill and backer roll is charged into.
If toner particle came off from toner layer easily before use shape coefficient SF2 less than 140 toner, then preheated operation, might produce toner and disperse.If use shape coefficient SF2 is the toner more than 145, then the space between the toner particle in the toner layer becomes big, in preheating operation, the temperature of the unfixing toner of transfer printing can not fully rise on the recording medium, can not make fully fusion between the toner.
In addition, in the present invention, preferred toner comprises a plurality of toner particles, and at least a portion in the described toner particle has been carried out the spheroidization processing.
According to the present invention, toner comprises a plurality of toner particles, and at least a portion in the described toner particle has been carried out the spheroidization processing.Thus, can make aforesaid volume average particle size effectively and be below the above 8 μ m of 3 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 is more than 140 and less than 145 toner.
In addition, in the present invention, the average roundness of preferred toner is more than 0.950 below 0.985.
According to the present invention, if the average roundness of toner is less than 0.950, then the space in the toner becomes big, the adhesion amount of toner also increases on the recording medium of printing rate 100%, therefore makes deterioration in image quality become remarkable owing to toner disperses when the pressure contact portion that is formed by warm-up mill and backer roll is charged into.In addition, also variation of transfer printing.If the average roundness of toner surpasses 0.985, then the spatter property variation satisfies when can not realize with transfer printing.
In addition, in the present invention, preferred toner comprises release agent, and the fusing point of release agent is below 80 ℃.
According to the present invention, if toner comprises release agent, and the fusing point of release agent is below 80 ℃, then preheating required heat reduces, fusion easily between the toner in addition, toner disperses in the time of can further preventing to charge into the pressure contact portion that is formed by warm-up mill and backer roll with a spot of heat, can more stably form toner and disperse few high precise image.
In addition, in the present invention, the condition that preferably preheats is controlled according to more than in environment for use and the information relevant with recording medium any one.
According to the present invention, utilization preheats the condition control part and controls, make kind and size variation according to i.e. printing rate of environment for use and recording medium preheat condition, thus can with the recording medium corresponding condition under heat, and obtain preferable image.
In addition, in the present invention, preferred recording medium carries and is placed at preheating to be with and carrying of reeling on the backer roll,
Utilize and to preheat roller recording medium is preheated via preheating band.
According to the present invention, by preheating tape wrapping on the backer roll of photographic fixing portion, not only can realize as preheating the function of portion, and can realize having formed the function of delivery section of the recording medium of transferred image to have the effect that the difference of conveyance speed and fixation rate diminishes as conveying.In addition, contact by the warm-up mill with photographic fixing portion, band maintains temperature to a certain degree, can reduce to be used for pre-warmed heat.
In addition, in the present invention, preferably preheat band preheated when preheating roller and contact.
According to the present invention, owing to preheat band cooling easily, therefore for example after printing on the big recording medium of thickness immediately under the situation of printing on the little recording medium of thickness, can easily reduce the temperature that preheats band, can under condition of different temperatures, print continuously.Preheat roller and preheat band and can separate, need not make when therefore reducing the band temperature preheating roller and break away from from preheating roller, preheating band can cool off at short notice.
In addition, in the present invention, the material that preferably preheats band is a heat conductivity.
According to the present invention, because it is fast to preheat the programming rate of band, therefore the heat conductivity to the toner in preheating improves, the result, the release agent of fusion can spread all over toner integral body effectively, and the toner can prevent from reliably to charge into the pressure contact portion that is formed by warm-up mill and backer roll the time disperses.In addition, also can reduce the temperature that preheats band effectively during cooling.
In addition, the present invention is a kind of image forming method, uses image processing system of the present invention to form image, and it comprises following operation:
The toner image that forms toner image on the image forming surface forms operation,
The toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% that toner image is formed in the operation is controlled at 0.4mg/cm
2Following adhesion amount control operation,
Described toner image is transferred to transfer printing process on the recording medium,
Making the unfixed toner image that is transferred on the recording medium before photographic fixing on the described recording medium, described unfixed toner image is carried out the pre-warmed operation that preheats,
The condition that the preheats control operation that the condition that preheats that preheats in the operation is controlled and
Make unfixed toner image after preheating in the pressure contact portion process that forms by warm-up mill and backer roll, thereby make the photographic fixing operation of unfixed toner image photographic fixing on recording medium.
In addition, according to the present invention, form the image forming method of image by the image processing system of obtaining above-mentioned effect, comprise that toner image forms operation, adhesion amount control operation, transfer printing process, preheats operation, preheats condition control operation and photographic fixing operation.Form in the operation at toner image, form toner image on the image forming surface.In adhesion amount control operation, the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% that toner image is formed in the operation is controlled at 0.4mg/cm
2Below.In transfer printing process, toner image is transferred on the recording medium.In preheating operation,, described unfixed toner image is preheated making the unfixed toner image that is transferred on the recording medium before photographic fixing on the described recording medium.In preheating condition control operation, the condition that preheats that preheats operation is controlled.In the photographic fixing operation, the pressure contact portion of unfixed toner image by forming, photographic fixing on recording medium thus by warm-up mill and backer roll.
Control preheats the condition that preheats of operation, unfixing toner on the recording medium before the photographic fixing after the transfer printing is preheated, and to control the adhesion amount of toner on the recording medium of printing rate 100% that makes toner form in the operation in adhesion amount control operation be 0.4mg/cm
2Below, thus, in the photographic fixing operation, when the pressure contact portion of the recording medium that carries unfixed toner image by forming by warm-up mill and backer roll, prevent that toner from dispersing.If the adhesion amount of toner on the recording medium of printing rate 100% surpasses 0.4mg/cm
2, when then preheating on the recording medium temperature of the unfixing toner of transfer printing can not fully rise, do not produce the fusion between the toner, therefore in the photographic fixing operation, when the pressure contact portion of recording medium by being formed by warm-up mill and backer roll, the generation toner disperses the picture quality variation.In addition, the toner that disperses cause roller to pollute, so deterioration of image quality is more remarkable attached on warm-up mill and the backer roll.
In addition, can obtain because of the difference of paper different images quality less, when charging into the pressure contact portion that forms by warm-up mill and backer roll, do not produce the disperse image of high image quality of the problem that causes of toner.
Description of drawings
Purpose of the present invention, characteristic and advantage are clearer and more definite by the following description and accompanying drawing.
Figure 1A is the sectional view of formation of schematically representing the image processing system of one of embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 1B is the block diagram of the formation of expression control module.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the formation of reduced representation transfer printing portion and photographic fixing portion.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the formation of reduced representation photographic fixing portion.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing preferred implementation of the present invention is elaborated.
Figure 1A is the sectional view of formation of schematically representing the image processing system 1 of one of embodiments of the present invention, and Figure 1B is the block diagram of the formation of expression control module 7.Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the formation of reduced representation transfer printing portion 3 and photographic fixing portion 4.Image processing system 1 forms panchromatic or monochrome image according to the image information of transmitting on recording medium.Image processing system 1 comprises toner image formation portion 2, transfer printing portion 3, photographic fixing portion 4, recording medium supply unit 5, discharge portion 6 and control module 7.Control module 7 by adhesion amount control part 61, recording medium judging part 62, preheat condition control part 63 and fixing conditions control part 64 constitutes.Toner image formation portion 2 forms in the operation on the surface as the photosensitive drums 11 of image forming at toner image and forms toner image.The a part of parts that comprise in each parts of formation toner image formation portion 2 and the transfer printing portion 3 are provided with four respectively for black (k), blue or green (c), fuchsin (m) and yellow (y) image information of all kinds of comprising in the corresponding color image information.At this, will represent that with corresponding each parts that is provided with four respectively of all kinds the end that letter of all kinds is labeled in reference number distinguishes, only represent under the situation of general name with reference number.
Toner image formation portion 2 comprises photosensitive drums 11, electro-mechanical part 12, exposing unit 13, development section 14 and cleaning unit 15.Dispose electro-mechanical part 12, exposing unit 13, development section 14 and cleaning unit 15 successively around photosensitive drums 11.Electro-mechanical part 12 is configured in the vertical direction below of development section 14 and cleaning unit 15.
Photosensitive drums 11 can be supported around the mode that axis rotates to drive by not shown drive division, the photographic layer that comprises not shown conducting base and form on the conducting base surface.Conducting base can adopt different shape, for example cylindric, cylindric, film sheet etc.Preferably drum shape wherein.Conducting base is formed by conductive material.As conductive material, can use this field conductive material commonly used, for example, metals such as aluminium, copper, brass, zinc, nickel, stainless steel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, indium, titanium, gold, platinum, two or more alloy in these metals, on film-shaped matrix such as synthetic resin film, metal film, paper, form the conducting film that obtains by one or more conductive layers that constitute of aluminium, aluminium alloy, tin oxide, gold, indium oxide etc., contain the resin combination of conducting particles or conducting polymer etc.In addition, as the film-shaped matrix of using in the conducting film, preferred synthetic resin film, special preferred polyester film.In addition, as the formation method of the conductive layer on the conducting film, preferred evaporation, coating etc.
Photographic layer is for example by charge generation layer that will contain the charge generation material and stacked formation of charge transport layer that contains the charge transport material.At this moment, between conducting base and charge generation layer or charge transport layer, undercoat is set preferably.By undercoat is set, thereby can realize that damage that the conducting base surface is existed and concavo-convex covering are with photosensitive surface smoothing, the charging property deterioration of photographic layer and the advantage that improves the charged characteristic of photographic layer under the low temperature and low humidity environment when preventing to use repeatedly.In addition, also can be the stacked photoreceptor of three-decker of the superiors' good endurance that the photosensitive surface protective seam is set.
Charge generation layer is a major component with the charge generation material that produces electric charge by rayed, and contains known binding resin, plastifier, sensitizer etc. as required.As the charge generation material, can use this field charge generation material commonly used, for example can enumerate the: perylene diimide (ぺ リ レ Application イ ミ De), perylene carboxylic acid anhydrides (and ぺ リ レ ン Suan No water thing) Deng perylene class pigment; Polycyclic quinone pigment such as quinoline a word used for translation ketone, anthraquinone; Phthalocyanine pigments such as metal and nonmetal phthalocyanine, halogenation nonmetal phthalocyanine; Si Kualin (ス Network エ ア リ ウ system) pigment, Austria's (ア ズ レ ニ ウ system) pigment, sulphur pyrans (チ ア ピ リ リ ウ system) pigment, has the AZO pigments of carbazole skeleton, styryl stilbene skeleton, triphenylamine skeleton, dibenzothiophene skeleton, oxadiazole skeleton, Fluorenone skeleton, two stilbene skeleton, two benzene second alkene oxadiazole skeletons or diphenylethyllene carbazole skeleton etc.Wherein, no nonmetal phthalocyanine pigment, titanyl phthalocyanine pigment, have the disazo pigment of fluorenes ring or Fluorenone ring, disazo pigment of being made of arylamine, trisazo pigment etc. have high charge generation ability, is suitable for obtaining high sensitive photographic layer.The charge generation material can a kind of independent use, also can be used in combination.The content of charge generation material is not particularly limited, and with respect to 100 weight portions of the binding resin in the charge generation layer, is preferably 5～500 weight portions, further preferred 10～200 weight portions.The binding resin of using as charge generation layer with can use commonly used those in this area, for example, can enumerate melamine resin, epoxy resin, organic siliconresin, polyurethane, acryl resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer resins, polycarbonate, phenoxy resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyarylate, polyamide, polyester etc.Binding resin can a kind of independent use, also can be used in combination two or more as required.
Charge generation layer can followingly obtain: the plastifier in the time of with charge generation material and binding resin and as required, sensitizer etc. dissolve in right amount separately or are distributed in the suitable organic solvent that can dissolve or disperse these compositions, preparation charge generation layer coating fluid, this charge generation layer is applied to the conducting base surface with coating fluid, and carries out drying.The thickness of the charge generation layer that obtains like this is not particularly limited, but preferred 0.05 μ m～5 μ m, more preferably 0.1～2.5 μ m.
Stacked charge transport layer on charge generation layer, to have acceptance and to carry the charge transport material and the charge transport layer binding resin of the ability of the electric charge that is produced by the charge generation material is necessary composition, can contain known antioxidant, plastifier, sensitizer, lubricant etc. as required.Also can use commonly used those in this area as the charge transport material, for example can enumerate: poly-N-vinyl carbazole and derivant thereof, poly--γ-carbazyl ethyl glutamate and derivant thereof, pyrene-formaldehyde condensation products and derivant thereof, the polyvinyl pyrene, the luxuriant and rich with fragrance oxazole of polyvinyl derivant oxadiazole derivant, imdazole derivatives, 9-(to the lignocaine styryl) anthracene, 1, two (the 4-dibenzyl aminophenyl) propane of 1-, the styryl anthracene, the styryl pyrazoline, pyrazoline derivative, phenyl hydrazones, hydazone derivative, the triphenylamine compounds, the tetraphenyl diamine compounds, the triphenyl methane compounds, stilbene compound, compound etc. with 3-methyl-2-[4-morpholinodithio quinoline ring is given the electronics material, fluorenone derivatives, dibenzothiophene derivatives, the indeno thiophene derivant, the phenanthrenequione derivant, the indenopyridine derivant, thioxanthone derivates, benzo [c] cinnoline derivatives, 5-oxyphenazine derivant, TCNE, four cyano benzoquinones bismethane, chlorpromazine (プ ロ マ ニ Le), tetrachloro is for 1,4-benzoquinone, electronics such as benzoquinones are accepted material etc.The charge transport material can be used alone, and also can be used in combination two or more.The content of charge transport material is not particularly limited, but is 10～300 weight portions with respect to 100 weight portions of the binding resin in the charge transport material preferably, more preferably 30～150 weight portions.The binding resin of using as charge transport layer, can use this area to use and can evenly disperse the binding resin of charge transport material always, for example can enumerate: polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyester, polyketone, epoxy resin, polyurethane, tygon ketone, polystyrene, polyacrylamide, phenol resin, phenoxy resin, polysulfone resin and their copolymer resins etc.Wherein, if the mar proof of consideration film forming, resulting charge transport layer, electrical characteristics etc. preferably contain the potpourri of the polycarbonate that bisphenol Z is a monomer component (hereinafter referred to as " bisphenol Z type polycarbonate "), bisphenol Z type polycarbonate and other polycarbonate etc.Binding resin can a kind of independent use, also can be used in combination.
In the charge transport layer, except that charge transport material and charge transport layer with the binding resin, also preferably contain antioxidant.Can use commonly used those in this area as antioxidant, for example can enumerate: vitamin E, p-dihydroxy-benzene, hindered amine, hindered phenol, p-phenylenediamine (PPD), aromatic yl paraffin and their derivant, organosulfur compound, organic phosphorus compound etc.Antioxidant can a kind of independent use, also can be used in combination.The content of antioxidant is not particularly limited, and is 0.01～10 weight %, preferred 0.05～5 weight % of the total amount of the composition that constitutes charge transport layer.The following formation of charge transport layer: charge transport material and binding resin and antioxidant as required, plastifier, sensitizer etc. are dissolved or dispersed in the suitable organic solvent that can dissolve or disperse these compositions separately in right amount, preparation charge transport layer coating fluid, this charge transport layer is applied to the charge generation laminar surface with coating fluid, and carries out drying.The thickness of the charge transport layer that obtains like this is not particularly limited, preferred 10～50 μ m, more preferably 15～40 μ m.In addition, also can in a layer, form the photographic layer that has charge generation material and charge transport material.At this moment, the kind of the kind of charge generation material and charge transport material, content, binding resin, other adjuvant etc., same with the situation that forms charge generation layer and charge transport layer respectively.
In the present embodiment, use aforesaid, as to form the organic photosensitive layer comprise charge generation material and charge transport material photosensitive drums, still, also can use the photosensitive drums that forms the inorganic photographic layer that comprises silicon etc. to replace it.
Electro-mechanical part 12 is towards photosensitive drums 11, along the length direction of photosensitive drums 11 so that the isolation method configuration makes the surface charging of photosensitive drums 11 be predetermined polarity and current potential with photosensitive drums 11 surfaces are gapped.Electro-mechanical part 12 uses the charged device of charged brush type, the charged device of charging type, the charged device of sawtooth pattern, ion generating device etc.In the present embodiment, electro-mechanical part 12 disposes in the mode that the surface with photosensitive drums 11 isolates, but is not limited to this.For example, use charged roller as charged device, it is also passable to dispose charged roller in the mode of charged roller and photosensitive drums crimping, also can chargedly brush, the charged device of contact electrification mode such as magnetic brush.
Exposing unit 13 is configured to, and makes the light of the information of all kinds that penetrates from exposing unit 13 through between electro-mechanical part 12 and the development section 14 and shine the surface of photosensitive drums 11.Exposing unit 13 is divided into image information the light of k, c, m and y information of all kinds in this unit, pass through electro-mechanical part 12 charged photosensitive drums 11 surfaces to even current potential with the rayed of information of all kinds, forms electrostatic latent image on this surface.Exposing unit 13 for example can use the laser scan unit with laser irradiating part and a plurality of catoptrons.In addition, also can use the unit that led array, liquid crystal shutter and light source appropriate combination are formed.
Development section 14 comprises developing trough 20 and toner hopper 21.Developing trough 20 is container-like component, disposes in the mode towards photosensitive drums 11 surfaces, and the electrostatic latent image that forms to the surface in photosensitive drums 11 is supplied with toner and developed, and forms the toner image as visual picture.Developing trough 20 portion within it holds toner, and holds and support roller member or helical elements such as developer roll, donor rollers, agitating roller with rotating freely.Developing trough 20 on the side of photosensitive drums 11, form peristome, but the developer roll that is provided with in opposite directions via this peristome and photosensitive drums 11 is provided with in the mode of driven in rotation.Developer roll is with the pressure contact portion of photosensitive drums 11 or supply with the roller shape parts of toner to the electrostatic latent image on photosensitive drums 11 surfaces near portion.When supplying with toner, apply current potential with the charged current potential opposite polarity of toner on the developer roll surface as development bias voltage (following only be called " development bias voltage ").Thus, the toner on developer roll surface supplies to electrostatic latent image swimmingly.In addition, by changing the development bias value, can control the toning dosage (toner adhesion amount) of supplying with electrostatic latent image.
Adhesion amount control part 61 control toner adhesion amounts.The reference range of toner adhesion amount is pre-written into the storage part 71 of adhesion amount control part 61.Adhesion amount control part 61 is control toner image formation portion 2 in adhesion amount control operation, makes that the toner adhesion amount of recording medium of printing rate 100% is 0.4mg/cm
2Below.In addition, when the image of four looks black (process black) that form by blue or green, Huang and three kinds of toners of fuchsin formed, control toner image formation portion 2 made that the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% is individual layer 1.2mg/cm
2Below.Control described later preheat condition with transfer printing after unfixing toner on the recording medium before the photographic fixing preheat, and control and make that the adhesion amount of toner on the recording medium of printing rate 100% is 0.4mg/cm
2Below, can prevent that toner from dispersing during the pressure contact portion of the recording medium that in the photographic fixing operation, carries unfixed toner image thus by forming by warm-up mill and backer roll.If the adhesion amount of toner on the recording medium of printing rate 100% surpasses 0.4mg/cm
2Then in preheating operation, the temperature that is transferred to toner contained in the unfixed toner image on the recording medium can not fully rise, do not cause toner fusion each other, therefore in the photographic fixing operation, during the pressure contact portion of the recording medium after preheating by being formed by warm-up mill and backer roll, toner disperses, the generation image quality decrease.In addition, the toner that disperses is attached on warm-up mill and the backer roll, and roller is contaminated, so image quality decrease is more remarkable.
Lower limit is not particularly limited, and the kind of the image that can form according to desire is suitably selected from the scope that those skilled in the art can select, and preferred especially toner adhesion amount is from 0.25～0.4mg/cm
2Scope select.About the printing rate, the toner adhesion amount further diminishes also passable.The reference range of toner adhesion amount writes the storage part 71 of adhesion amount control part 61 in advance.Adhesion amount control part 61 is revised the toner adhesion amount according to the printing rate with reference to the printing rate data in the image information that writes storage part 71.With toner adhesion amount and the proportional pass of printing rate is prerequisite correction.For example, the toner adhesion amount with printing rate 100% is mxm. (for example, the 0.4mg/cm of reference range
2).If know the printing rate of wanting the image that prints, then can be by the toner adhesion amount calculating optimum toner adhesion amount of printing rate 100%.Like this, adhesion amount control part 61 can be controlled the toner adhesion amount to recording medium.
The toner adhesion amount that calculates is written to storage part 71.Adhesion amount control part 61 is controlled the toner adhesion amount by changing the development bias voltage.Write the relation of development bias value and toner adhesion amount in the storage part 71 in advance as tables of data, so adhesion amount control part 61 is determined for the necessary development bias value of the toner adhesion amount of realizing determining from the described tables of data of storage part 71 references.Based on this result, control signal is delivered to from the control part 73 of adhesion amount control part 61 and is applied the not shown power supply of development bias voltage to developer roll, and the development bias values of being determined by adhesion amount control part 61 are applied to developer roll.
But donor rollers is towards developer roll and the roller shape parts that are provided with in the mode of driven in rotation, supplies with toner around developer roll.But agitating roller is towards donor rollers and the roller shape parts that are provided with in the mode of driven in rotation, will newly supply to toners in the developing trough 20 from toner hopper and be sent to around the donor rollers.Toner hopper 21 is set to the toner replenishing mouth (not shown) that is provided with in its vertical direction bottom and the toner receiving port (not shown) that is provided with on the vertical direction top of developing trough 20 is communicated with, according to the toner consumption state supply toner of developing trough 20.In addition, also can be not use toner hopper 21 but constituting by the direct supply toner of toner Cartridge of all kinds.
At this, toner is not particularly limited, and can use the toner that contains binding resin, colorant, release agent, charged controlling agent, external additive etc.As binding resin, so long as toner with binding resin commonly used and can then being not particularly limited in granulation under the molten condition, can use known binding resin, for example can enumerate: Polyvinylchloride, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), tygon, polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, styrenic polymer, (methyl) acryl resin, polyvinyl butyral, organic siliconresin, polyurethane, epoxy resin, phenol resin, xylene resin, modified rosin resin, terpene resin, aliphatic hydrocarbon resin, alicyclic hydrocarbon resin, aromatic petroleum resin, chlorinated paraffin, paraffin etc.Binding resin can be used alone, and also can be used in combination two or more.Wherein, the polyester that preferably becomes level and smooth easily, styrenic polymer, (methyl) acryl resin etc. by water system wet type granulation particle surface.
As polyester, the condensed polymer of preferred polyol and polyprotonic acid.As polyvalent alcohol, for example can enumerate: ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3 butylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 2,3-butylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1, aliphatic diols such as 6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol; Ester ring type such as cyclohexanedimethanol, hydrogenated bisphenol A alcohol; Bisphenol-A epoxy alkane addition products such as bisphenol-A epoxy ethane addition product, bisphenol-A epoxy propane addition product etc.Polyvalent alcohol can use one or more.As polyprotonic acid, for example can enumerate: aromatic carboxylic acid and acid anhydrides thereof such as phthalic acid, terephthalic acid (TPA), phthalic anhydride; Saturated and unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid and acid anhydrides thereof etc. such as succinic acid, hexane diacid, decanedioic acid, azelaic acid, dodecene base succinic acid.Polyprotonic acid can use one or more.
As styrenic polymer, can enumerate styrene monomer homopolymer, styrene monomer and can with multipolymer of the monomer of styrene monomer copolymerization etc.As styrene monomer, for example can enumerate: styrene, o-methyl styrene, ethyl styrene, to methoxy styrene, to styryl phenyl, 2, the 4-dimethyl styrene, to n-octyl styrene, align decyl styrene, align dodecyl styrene etc.As other monomer, for example can enumerate: (methyl) esters of acrylic acids such as (methyl) methyl acrylate, (methyl) acrylic acid, (methyl) propyl acrylate, (methyl) butyl acrylate, (methyl) isobutyl acrylate, (methyl) acrylic acid n-octyl, (methyl) acrylic acid dodecane ester, (methyl) acrylic acid-2-ethyl caproite, (methyl) stearyl acrylate ester, (methyl) phenyl acrylate, (methyl) dimethylaminoethyl acrylate; (methyl) acrylic monomer classes such as vinyl cyanide, methacrylonitrile, glycidyl methacrylate, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide, N-methylol methacrylamide, 2-Hydroxy ethyl acrylate; Vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, EVE, vinyl isobutyl ether; Vinyl ketones such as ethenyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone; N-vinyl compounds such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone, N-vinylcarbazole base, N-vinyl indoles etc.Styrene monomer and can use one or more separately with the monomer of styrene monomer copolymerization.
As (methyl) acryl resin, the homopolymer, (methyl) esters of acrylic acid that can enumerate (methyl) esters of acrylic acid with can be with the multipolymer of the monomer of (methyl) acrylic ester copolymerization etc.Can use as hereinbefore those as (methyl) esters of acrylic acid.As can with the monomer of (methyl) acrylic ester copolymerization, can enumerate (methyl) acrylic monomer class; Vinyl ethers, vinyl ketones, N-vinyl compound etc.These materials can use material as hereinbefore.
In addition, also can use on the main chain of binding resin or side chain and be combined with hydrophilic radicals such as carboxyl, sulfonic group, have in the water from dispersed binding resin.
As colorant, for example can use: black pigment, color pigment etc.Black pigment for example can be enumerated: black organic pigments such as black inorganic pigment, nigrosines such as carbon black, cupric oxide, manganese dioxide, activated charcoal, non magnetic ferrite, magnetic ferrites, magnetic iron ore etc.
As color pigment, for example can enumerate, yellow is an inorganic pigment, as chrome yellow, zinc lead and yellow-collation, cadmium yellow, iron oxide yellow, mineral fast yellow, nickel titanium yellow, navel Huang (Navel yellow) etc.; Yellow is an organic pigment, as naphthol yellow S, hansa yellow G, hansa yellow 10G, benzidine yellow G, benzidine yellow G R, quinoline yellow lake, permanent yellow NCG, tartrazine lake etc.; The Yellow Red inorganic pigment is as red chrome yellow, molybdate orange etc.; The Yellow Red organic pigment is as consolidating orange GTR, pyrazolone orange, the orange of anti-sulfuration the, indanthrene brilliant orange RK, biphenyl orange G, indanthrene brilliant orange GK etc. forever; The red colour system inorganic pigment is as di-iron trioxide, cadmium red, red lead, mercuric sulphide, cadmium etc.; The red colour system organic pigment is as permanent bordeaux 4R, lithol red, pyrazolone red, Hua Qionghong, calcium salt, lake red C, C lake red CAN'T D, gorgeous fuchsin 6B, eosine lake, rhodamine color lake B, alizarine lake, gorgeous fuchsin 3B etc.; The violet inorganic pigment is as manganese violet etc.; The violet organic pigment is as Fast violet B, methyl violet color lake etc.; Blueness is an inorganic pigment, as barba hispanica, cobalt blue etc.; Blueness is an organic pigment, as alkali blue lake, Victoria blue color lake, phthalocyanine blue, nonmetal phthalocyanine indigo plant, phthalocyanine blue part chloride, fast sky blue, indanthrene blue BC etc.; Green is an inorganic pigment, as chrome green, chromium oxide etc.; Green is an organic pigment, as pigment green B, malachite green, strong yellowish green G etc.
Colorant can use a kind of or two or more.Two or more colorants can be used, also the colorant that uses different colour systems can be mixed with colour system.The content of colorant is preferably 1～20 weight % of toner total amount, more preferably 0.2～10 weight % of toner total amount.
Can use this area release agent commonly used as release agent, for example can enumerate: petroleum-type wax, as paraffin and derivant, microcrystalline wax and derivant thereof; The hydro carbons synthetic wax is as Fischer-Tropsch wax and derivant, polyolefin-wax and derivant thereof, low-molecular-weight polypropylene wax and derivant thereof, polyolefin polymers wax (low molecular weight polyethylene wax etc.); Vegetable wax is as Brazil wax and derivant, rice bran wax and derivant thereof, candelila wax and derivant, Japan wax etc.; Animal wax is as beeswax, spermaceti etc.; Grease class synthetic wax is as fatty acid amide, phenol fatty acid ester etc.; Long-chain carboxylic acid and derivant thereof, long-chain alcohol and derivant thereof, silicone based polymkeric substance, higher fatty acid etc.In addition, derivant comprises the graft modification thing etc. of segmented copolymer, vinyl monomer and the wax of oxide, vinyl monomer and wax.The use amount of release agent is not particularly limited, and can suitably select from wide region, is preferably 0.2～20 weight % of toner total amount.
The fusing point of release agent is preferred below 80 ℃.If the fusing point of release agent is below 80 ℃, then preheating required heat reduces, toner fusion easily each other in addition, therefore the toner in the time of can further preventing to charge into the pressure contact portion that is formed by warm-up mill and backer roll with a spot of heat disperses, and can more stably form the high precise image that no toner disperses.
As charged controlling agent, for example can enumerate: the charged controlling agents of negative charging toner such as metal (chromium, zinc, aluminium, the boron etc.) complex compound of metal (chromium, zinc, aluminium, the boron etc.) complex compound of containing metal azo dyes (chromium azo complex compound dyestuff, iron azo complex compound dyestuff, cobalt azo complex compound dyestuff etc.), copper phthalocyaine dye, salicylic acid and alkyl derivative thereof and metal (chromium, zinc, aluminium, the boron etc.) complex compound of salt, naphthols acid and derivant thereof and salt, benzyl acid and derivant thereof and salt thereof, chain alkyl carboxylate, chain alkyl sulfonate; Aniline black byestuffs and derivant thereof, benzoguanamine, triphenyl methane derivant, quaternary ammonium salt, quaternary alkylphosphonium salt, season pyridiniujm, guanidinesalt, amidine salt, have monomer [(methyl) acrylic acid-N of nitrogen-containing functional group, N-dimethylamino methyl esters, (methyl) acrylic acid-N, N-dimethylamino ethyl ester, (methyl) acrylic acid-N, (methyl) acrylic acid-N such as N-diethylamino ethyl ester, N-dialkyl aminoalkyl ester class; N, N-dimethyl aminoethyl (methyl) acrylamide, N, N such as N-dimethylaminopropyl (methyl) acrylamide, N-dialkyl aminoalkyl (methyl) acrylic amide etc.] free-radical polymerised multipolymer etc.Charged controlling agent can use a kind of or two or more.The content of charged controlling agent is preferably 0.1～5.0 weight % of toner total amount.
Toner for example can be made by the melting mixing comminuting method.According to the melting mixing comminuting method, the scheduled volume separately of binding resin, colorant, release agent, charge control agent and other adjuvant etc. is carried out the dry type mixing, and with resulting potpourri melting mixing, with the melting mixing thing cooling curing that obtains, and the solidfied material mechanical crushing that obtains made.Mix the mixer that uses as dry type, for example can enumerate: Henschel mixer (trade name, Mitsui Mining Co Ltd. BJ Offc makes), Supermixer (trade name, the カ ワ タ of Co., Ltd. makes), Mechanomill (trade name, field, ridge Jinggong Co., Ltd makes), Angmill (trade name, Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd. makes), Hybridization system (trade name, Nara Machinery Co., Ltd. makes), with Cosmo system (trade name, Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. make) etc.
In the mixing melt temperature that under agitation is heated to binding resin above temperature (being generally about 80～about 200 ℃, preferred about 100～about 150 ℃) time, carry out.As mixing roll, can use for example double screw extrusion machine, three-roll mill, ラ ボ プ ラ ス ト ミ Le general mixing rolls such as (laboplast mill).More specifically, for example can enumerate: TEM-100B (trade name, the manufacturing of toshiba machine strain formula people's commune), PCM-65/87 (trade name, Co., Ltd. pond shellfish is made) etc. single screw rod or double screw extrusion machine, the mixing roll of Kneadex vent roll modes such as (trade names, Mitsui Mining Co Ltd. BJ Offc makes).Wherein, the mixing roll of preferred vent roll mode.In the pulverizing of the solidfied material that the cooling of melting mixing thing is obtained, can use shredding machine, suede grinding machine (Off エ ザ one ミ Le), jet mill etc.For example, will solidify utilize the shredding machine coarse crushing after, by pulverize the toner that obtains having volume required mean grain size with jet mill.Resulting toner can carry out classification to be handled, and for example, handles by carry out classification with rotary grader, can remove little non-requiredly micro mist of volume average particle size and the big non-requiredly meal of volume average particle size from resulting toner.
In the toner that obtains like this, in order to use in image processing system 1, the preferred volume mean grain size is that the above 8 μ m of 3 μ m are following, shape coefficient SF2 is more than 140 and less than 145 toner.In addition, the preferred volume mean grain size is the following toners of the above 7 μ m of 5 μ m.Volume average particle size is more than the 3 μ m below the 8 μ m by using, shape coefficient SF2 is more than 140 and less than 145 toner, can stably supply with toner to photoreceptor, can prevent further that toner from dispersing, and when preheating, toner fully fusion each other can be made, therefore the high precise image that no toner disperses can be stably formed.
In image processing system 1, if use the toner of volume average particle size less than 3 μ m, then the particle diameter of toner is too small, therefore might cause high-band electrification and low liquidation.If cause this high-band electrification and low liquidation, then can not stably supply with toner to photoreceptor, might produce degradation problem under background fog and the image color.If use volume average particle size to surpass the toner of 8 μ m, then the particle diameter of toner is excessive, can not obtain high meticulous image.In addition, the particle diameter of toner bigger serface more reduces more, and the carried charge of toner unit volume is more little.If the carried charge of toner unit volume diminishes, then toner can not stably supply to photoreceptor, might produce the equipment internal contamination owing to toner disperses.In addition, it is many that space in the toner becomes, and the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% also increases, and therefore the image quality decrease that causes of dispersing of the toner owing to charging into the pressure contact portion that is formed by warm-up mill and backer roll becomes remarkable.
Volume average particle size is the following value of obtaining.In electrolytic solution (trade name: ISOTON-II, the manufacturing of Beckman Coulter company) adds sample 20mg and alkyl ether sulphate sodium 1ml among the 50ml, use ultrasonic disperser (trade name: UH-50, the T of SM Co., Ltd. makes) with ultrasonic frequency 20kHz dispersion treatment 3 minutes, formation determination sample.For this mensuration sample, use particle size distribution device (trade name: Multisizer 2, Beckman Coulter company makes), under the condition of aperture 100 μ m, mensuration population 50000 countings, measure, by the volume particle size distribution volume calculated mean grain size of sample particle.
Shape coefficient SF2 is the value by following formula (1) expression, is used for representing the concavo-convex degree of toner shape.The value of shape coefficient SF2 is that to represent that toner surface did not exist at 100 o'clock concavo-convex, and the value of shape coefficient SF2 is big more, toner surface concavo-convex obvious more.
In image processing system 1, if toner particle came off from toner layer easily before the use shape coefficient less than 140 toner, then preheated operation, toner might take place disperse.If use shape coefficient SF2 is the toner more than 145, then the space between toner particle becomes big in the toner layer, in preheating operation, the temperature that is transferred to the unfixing toner of recording medium can not fully rise, and can not make toner fully fusion each other.
The value that shape coefficient SF2 is calculated by the method for following formula defines.Surface at toner particle forms metal film (Au film, thickness 0.5 μ m) by the sputter vapour deposition method.From this metal film lining toner, randomly draw 200～300, utilize scanning electron microscope (trade name: S-570, Hitachi Co., Ltd makes), under accelerating potential 5kV, 1000 times multiple, carry out the photo picked-up.These electromicroscopic photograph data are carried out graphical analysis with image analysis software (trade name: A is as く ん, and Asahi Kasei Corporation makes).The particle analysis parameter setting of image analysis software " A is as く ん " is: little figure is removed area: 100 pixels, contraction separate: number of times 1; Little figure: 1; Number of times: 10, noise is removed wave filter: do not have, shade: do not have, representation unit as a result: μ m.Girth PERI, graphics area AREA according to the particle that obtains thus obtain shape coefficient SF2 by following formula (1).
SF2＝{(PERI)
2/AREA}×(100/4π)……(1)
For make effectively aforesaid volume average particle size be more than the 3 μ m below the 8 μ m and shape coefficient SF2 be more than 140 and less than 145 toner, for example, in containing the toner that shape coefficient SF2 is the toner particle more than 145, at least a portion of its toner particle is carried out spheroidization handle.Shape coefficient SF2 is the toner particle more than 145, can obtain by for example aforementioned melting mixing comminuting method.Promptly, the toner that uses in the image processing system 1 of the present invention, contain the shape coefficient SF2 that obtains by the melting mixing comminuting method and be a plurality of toner particles more than 145, handle by at least a portion in the described toner particle being carried out spheroidization, can make volume average particle size effectively and be that the above 8 μ m of 3 μ m are following, shape coefficient SF2 is more than 140 and less than 145 toner.
As device, can enumerate impact type spheroidization device and hot air type spheroidization device with the toner spheroidization.As impact type spheroidization device, can use commercially available product, for example, can use Faculty (trade name, Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd. makes), Hybridizationsystem (trade name, Nara Machinery Co., Ltd. makes) etc.In addition,, commercially available product can be used, for example, Biao Mian Gai Quality Machine MeteoRainbow (trade name, Japanese Pneumatic Industrial Co., Ltd makes) etc. can be used as hot air type spheroidization device.
In addition, in image processing system 1, preferably use average roundness toner below 0.985 more than 0.950.If the average roundness of toner is less than 0.950, then the space in the toner becomes many, therefore the adhesion amount of toner also increases on the recording medium of printing rate 100%, and the toner owing to charging into the pressure contact portion that is formed by warm-up mill and backer roll disperses and makes image quality decrease remarkable.In addition, transfer printing also descends.If the average roundness of toner surpasses 0.985, spatter property deterioration then, can not realize with transfer printing and deposit.
By using such toner, can be with realizing that image forms minimizing and the image color and the high high quality image formation of chroma of operating cost.
In addition, the circularity of toner (ai) is defined by following formula (2).The circularity (ai) of formula (2) definition is for example measured by the flow-type particle picture analytical equipment " FPIA-3000 " that uses Sysmex Co., Ltd. to make.In addition, obtain the summation of each circularity (ai) of measuring for m toner, count m with toner and remove the average roundness (a) that arithmetic mean that the formula (3) of summation obtains is defined as toner.
Circularity (ai)=(having girth)/(girth of the projected image of particle) with the circle of particle picture same projection area ... (2)
[mathematical expression 1]
Such toner for example can followingly be made: the solidfied material coarse crushing of melting mixing thing; With the meal that obtains mince make water-soluble serous; With water-soluble serously handling and micronize of obtaining with high-pressure homogenizer; The particulate that obtains is heated in aqueous medium and make its gathering/fusion.The coarse crushing of the solidfied material of melting mixing thing for example can use jet mill, hand mill to carry out.By coarse crushing, obtain having the meal about particle diameter 100 μ m～3mm.Meal is distributed in the water, makes water-soluble serous.When making meal be scattered in water, for example, by making being dissolved in the water in right amount of spreading agents such as neopelex, it is homodisperse water-soluble serous to obtain meal thus.To this water-soluble serous processing, obtain the meal micronize in water-soluble serous with high-pressure homogenizer thus, and contain the water-soluble serous of particulate about volume average particle size 0.4～1.0 μ m.Heat that this is water-soluble serous, make particles agglomerate, and make particulate fusion and combination each other, obtain having the toner of volume required mean grain size and shape coefficient SF2 thus.Volume average particle size and shape coefficient SF2 are for example by the water-soluble serous heating-up temperature and the heat time heating time of suitable selection particulate reaching required value.Heating-up temperature can from more than the softening temperature of binding resin and the temperature range that is lower than the heat decomposition temperature of binding resin suitably select.Under the heat time heating time identical situation, heating-up temperature is high more usually, and the volume average particle size of resulting toner is big more.
As high-pressure homogenizer, the known available product.Commercially available product as high-pressure homogenizer, for example can enumerate: Microfluidizer (trade name, the manufacturing of Microfluidics company), Nanomizer (trade name, the manufacturing of Nanomizer company), Ultimizer chamber profile high-pressure homogenizers such as (trade names, the ア ギ ノ マ シ of Co., Ltd. Application is made); High-pressure homogenizer (trade name, the manufacturing of Rannie company), high-pressure homogenizer (trade name, the manufacturing of three ball mechanical industry Co., Ltd.), high-pressure homogenizer (trade name, Izumi Food Machinery company of Co., Ltd. makes), NANO3000 (trade name, the U.S. grain of Co., Ltd. is made) etc.
Can outsidely add in the toner that more than obtains and be used to improve mobile fluidity improving agent.As fluidity improving agent, can use known those, for example can enumerate: monox, oxidation, silit, aluminium oxide, lime carbonate, barium titanate, strontium titanates, Metallic stearates particle, fluorine-type resin particle, acrylic resin particle etc.Fluidity improving agent can a kind of independent use, also can be used in combination.The use amount of fluidity improving agent is not particularly limited, and is 0.1～3.0 weight portion with respect to toner 100 weight portions preferably.
Cleaning unit 15 is removed the toner of the remained on surface of photosensitive drums 11, with the cleaning surfaces of photosensitive drums 11 after being transferred to toner image on the recording medium.Cleaning unit 15 for example can use plate-shaped members such as cleaning balde.In addition, in image processing system 1 of the present invention,, mainly use organic photo conductor drum as photosensitive drums 11, and the surface of organic photo conductor drum is based on resinous principle, therefore is easy to generate surperficial deterioration because Charging system carries out the chemical action of the ozone that corona discharge produces.But, the surface portion of deterioration is subjected to the scraping effect of cleaning unit 15 and weares and teares, though slowly remove reliably.Therefore, the surface deterioration problem that ozone causes is in fact eliminated, and can keep the charged current potential of hot line job steadily in the long term.In the present embodiment,, be not limited thereto, also cleaning unit 15 can be set although be provided with cleaning unit 15.
According to toner image formation portion 2, on the surface of the photosensitive drums 11 that is in the uniform charged state by electro-mechanical part 12, form electrostatic latent image according to image information from exposing unit 13 project signal light, on described electrostatic latent image, supply with toner and form toner image from development section 145, after this toner image is transferred to intermediate transfer belt 25, toning Liu who removes photosensitive drums 11 remained on surface by cleaning unit 15.These a series of toner images form operation and repeat.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the formation of reduced representation transfer printing portion 3 and photographic fixing portion 4.The toner image that transfer printing portion 3 will form on the surface of photosensitive drums 11 in transfer printing process is transferred on the recording medium.Transfer printing portion 3 is configured in the top of photosensitive drums 11, comprise intermediate transfer belt 25, driven roller 26, driven voller 27 and intermediate transfer rollers 28 (k, c, m, y), transfer belt cleaning unit 29 and transfer roll 30.Intermediate transfer belt 25 is the endless belt-shaped parts of driven rolls 26 and 27 framves of driven voller and formation ring-type mobile route, driven in rotation in the direction of arrow B.Intermediate transfer belt 25 is with when photosensitive drums 11 contacts during by photosensitive drums 11, by intermediate transfer belt 25, apply transfer bias with the charged polarity opposite polarity of the toner on the surface of photosensitive drums 11 by the intermediate transfer rollers 28 that is oppositely arranged with photosensitive drums 11, the toner image that the surface of photosensitive drums 11 is formed is transferred on the intermediate transfer belt 25.Under the situation of full-colour image, the toner image of all kinds that is formed by each photosensitive drums 11 overlaps successively and carries out transfer printing on the intermediate transfer belt 25, forms full-color toner image thus.
Driven roller 26, drives intermediate transfer belt 25 and makes its direction rotation to arrow B by its driven in rotation being provided with by the mode that not shown drive division drives around its axis rotation.The mode that driven voller 27 rotates with the rotation that can be driven in driven roller 216 is provided with, and applies certain force of strain so that intermediate transfer belt 25 is not loose to intermediate transfer belt 25.Intermediate transfer rollers 28 is crimped on the photosensitive drums 11 via intermediate transfer belt 25, and being provided with by the mode that not shown drive division drives around its axis rotation.Intermediate transfer rollers 28 is connected with the not shown power supply that applies transfer bias as previously mentioned, has the function that the toner image on photosensitive drums 11 surfaces is transferred to intermediate transfer belt 25.Transfer belt cleaning unit 29 is relative with driven voller 27 by intermediate transfer belt 25, and the mode that contacts with the outer peripheral face with intermediate transfer belt 25 is provided with.By with contacting of photosensitive drums 11 attached to the toner on the intermediate transfer belt 25, be the reason of polluting the recording medium back side, therefore, the toner on intermediate transfer belt 25 surfaces is removed and reclaimed in transfer belt cleaning unit 29.
Recording medium supply unit 5 comprises automatic paper feeding dish 35, pick-up roller 36, conveying roller 37, registration roller 38, manual feed dish 39 and surfaceness detecting sensor 42.Automatic paper feeding roller 35 is arranged on the vertical direction bottom of image processing system 1, the container-like component of store recording medium.Recording medium has common paper, color photocopying paper, overhead projector sheet material, postcard etc.Recording charts such as common paper, color photocopying paper are classified by surfaceness, the coarse paper that the standard paper, surfaceness that surfaceness 3～8 μ m are arranged surpasses 8 μ m less than glossy paper and the surfaceness of 3 μ m.Standard paper is mainly general commercially available copier paper etc.Glossy paper is mainly art paper.Roughness is mainly recycled writing paper.Pick-up roller 36 takes out the recording medium that stores in the automatic paper feeding dish 35 one by one, is sent to paper transportation path S1.Conveying roller 37 is pair of rolls parts that mutual crimping is provided with, and recording medium is carried to registration roller 38.Registration roller 38 is pair of rolls parts that mutual crimping is provided with, and the toner image that will be carried by the recording medium and the intermediate transfer belt 25 of conveying roller 37 transmission is delivered to transfer nip and synchronously is sent to transfer nip.Manual feed dish 39 be store for recording medium being taken in the image processing system 1 with give dish 35 automatically in the recording medium of storage different and have a device of the recording medium of arbitrary dimension, the recording medium that is taken into from manual feed dish 39 passes through in the paper transportation path S2 under the effect of conveying roller 37, and transmits registration roller 38.Surfaceness detecting sensor 42 is arranged on the top of the recording medium of automatic paper feeding dish 35 inside.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the formation of reduced representation photographic fixing portion 4.Photographic fixing portion 4 is arranged on the downstream of transfer printing portion 3 on recording medium transporting direction.Recording medium, when making toner image by photographic fixing portion 4, heats by the portion of preheating in preheating operation behind the transfer printing toner image in advance by transfer nip.The portion of preheating comprises preheating and is with 53, backing roll 54,55, preheats roller 56.Preheat with 53 being the endless belt-shaped parts that form the ring-type mobile route by backer roll 52,54,55 framves of backing roll, drive rotation in the direction of arrow C.Recording medium is placed on to preheat and is with on 53, is transported to the pressure contact portion between warm-up mill 51 and the backer roll 52.Preheat with 53 with preheat roller and contact in through out-of-date, be with 53 by preheating roller 56 heating if preheat, then heated preheating with the recording medium of placing on 53 also is heated.Therefore, the unfixing toner on the recording medium also is heated.
Preheat with 53 and be wound on the backer roll 52 of photographic fixing portion 4, not only play thus as the effect that preheats portion, and play the effect of delivery section that has formed the recording medium of transferred image as conveying, have the effect that transporting velocity and fixation rate do not have difference.In addition,, preheat the temperature that can maintain to a certain degree, can reduce and be used for pre-warmed heat with 53 by contacting with the warm-up mill 51 of photographic fixing portion 4.
In addition, preheat and be with 53 preferably preheated when preheating roller 56 and contact.The cooling that preheats with 53 is easy, when therefore for example printing on the little recording medium of thickness immediately after printing on the big recording medium of thickness, also can easily reduce the temperature that preheats with 53, can print under different temperature conditions continuously.Preheating roller 56 can be with 53 to separate with preheating, and therefore reduces when preheating with 53 temperature, makes to preheat roller 56 and leave to preheat and be with 53, preheats at short notice and is with 53 can cool off.
In addition, the material that preheats with 53 preferably has thermal conductivity.Preheat with 53 programming rate fast, therefore the thermal conductivity to toner in preheating improves, as a result, the release agent of fusion can spread all over toner integral body effectively, and the toner in the time of can preventing from more reliably to charge into the pressure contact portion that is formed by warm-up mill 51 and backer roll 52 disperses.In addition, also can reduce the temperature that preheats with 53 effectively during cooling.
The condition that preheats that preheats portion is controlled by preheating condition control part 63 in preheating condition control operation.Preheating condition control part 63 is that the control of recording medium judged result preheats condition according to environment for use and the information relevant with recording medium.Preheat condition according to the i.e. printing rate of environment for use, the kind that reaches recording medium and size change and control, can under the condition corresponding, heat thus, can obtain preferable image with recording medium.
The printing rate is the ratio that the toner adhering zone accounts for the image-region integral body of recording medium.For example, during the printing of the real end, the printing rate is 100%.
The recording medium judged result is the judged result of recording medium judging part 62.Recording medium judging part 62 judges that according to the testing result of surfaceness detecting sensor 42 recording medium is that standard paper, glossy paper still are coarse paper.Surfaceness detecting sensor 42 is arranged on automatic paper feeding dish 35 inside.Detect the surfaceness that forms the recording medium of the top placement of supplying with recording medium as image when image forms next time.The testing result of surfaceness detecting sensor 42 is imported recording medium judging part 62, and is written to the storage part 71 of recording medium judging part 62.After the testing result of surfaceness detecting sensor 42 (hereinafter referred to as " surfaceness testing result ") was input to the storage part 71 of recording medium judging part 62, the program of recording medium judging part 62 was launched the judgement of opening entry medium at operational part 72.Recording medium judging part 62 will be pre-written into the surface roughness value of standard paper (surfaceness 3～8 μ m), glossy paper (surfaceness is less than 3 μ m) and roughness (surfaceness is greater than 8 μ m) in the storage part 71 and compare with the surfaceness testing result that is written to storage part 71 equally, examination surfaceness testing result is judged the kind of recording medium in the range of surface roughness of which kind of paper.
This judged result is input to the storage part 71 that preheats condition control part 63.After this judged result is input to the storage part 71 that preheats condition control part 63, in operational part 72, preheats condition control part 63 and start working.In addition, under the situation that the surfaceness of recording medium can be known in advance by the user, recording medium is set in the not shown display panel that can be provided with on the vertical direction of image processing system 1 judges button, will be input to according to the kind of the surfaceness of recording medium by the user and preheat condition control part 63.Under the situation that user's input results is arranged, recording medium judging part 62 is preferred in the judgement of the testing result of having confirmed surfaceness detecting sensor 42 with the consistent laggard line item medium of user's input results.In addition, also can only judge according to user's input results.
Preheat pre-heating temperature is arranged in the condition.Therefore, preheat condition control part 63 according to recording medium judged result control pre-heating temperature.Pre-heating temperature at this is the surface temperature that preheats roller 56.Preheat in the storage part 71 of condition control part 63,, import the reference range of pre-heating temperature in advance at the kind according to surfaceness of recording medium.Standard paper is 90～120 ℃.Glossy paper is 80～110 ℃.Coarse paper is 100～130 ℃.In addition, in the storage part 71, for each kind according to surfaceness of recording medium, the relation of input printing rate and pre-heating temperature is as tables of data.In addition, write the testing result (preheating the testing result of the surface temperature of roller 56) of the temperature sensor of the near surface setting that preheats roller 56 in the storage part 71.The condition that the preheats control part 63 of in the input of storage part 71, starting working in the recording medium judged result, at first according to the recording medium judged result from the reference range of storage part 71 with reference to pre-heating temperature.Then, determine pre-heating temperature from storage part 71 with reference to the tables of data of expression printing rate data and printing rate and pre-heating temperature.
Then, from storage part 71 reference temperature(TR) sensor results, pre-heating temperature and the temperature sensor testing result of determining compared.Be higher than at the pre-heating temperature that obtains determining under the situation of comparative result of testing result, according to this comparative result, by the control part 73 that preheats condition control part 63, apply heating and transmit control signal preheating in the roller 56 the not shown portion of preheating of installing to being used for, and make it apply the feasible surface temperature that preheats roller 56 of voltage to rise to definite pre-heating temperature with the power supply of voltage.
Be lower than at the pre-heating temperature that obtains determining under the situation of comparative result of testing result, the control part 73 that preheats condition control part 63 preheats roller 56 ambient airs by discharge makes not shown cooling that the surface temperature that preheats roller 56 reduces transmit control signal with the drive source of extraction fan to being used to drive, and cools off and makes its surface temperature reduce to definite pre-heating temperature preheating roller 56.Thus, can control pre-heating temperature when preheating.
Recording medium after preheating is the pressure contact portion by being formed by warm-up mill 51 and backer roll 52 in the photographic fixing operation.Warm-up mill 51 to be being provided with by the mode of not shown drive division driven in rotation, the toner that is formed in the unfixed toner image of carrying on the recording medium heated make its fusion, and makes unfixed toner image photographic fixing on recording medium.Warm-up mill 51 inside are provided with not shown heating part.Heat warm-up mill 51 heating part makes warm-up mill 51 surfaces reach predetermined temperature (heating-up temperature).For example well heater, Halogen lamp LED etc. can be used in the heating part.By fixing conditions control part 64 control heating parts.Warm-up mill 51 near surfaces are provided with temperature detection sensor, detect the surface temperature of warm-up mill 51.
The testing result of temperature detection sensor is written to the storage part 71 of fixing conditions control part 64.Backer roll 52 is provided with in the mode with warm-up mill 51 crimping, and the mode of rotating with the rotation that can be driven in warm-up mill 51 is supported.Make the toner fusion by warm-up mill 51 and on recording medium during photographic fixing, backer roll 52 is by extruding toner and recording medium, the auxiliary photographic fixing of toner image on recording medium.Warm-up mill 51 is the photographic fixing clamping part with the pressure contact portion of backer roll 52.According to photographic fixing portion 4, in transfer printing portion 3 transfer printing the recording medium of toner image be heated roller 51 and backer roll 52 clampings and during by the photographic fixing clamping part, toner image is pushed to recording medium under heating, and toner image photographic fixing on recording medium thus forms image.
The heating-up temperature of fixing conditions control part 64 control warm-up mills 51.Heating-up temperature at this is the surface temperature of warm-up mill 51.In the storage part 71 of fixing conditions control part 64,, import the reference range of heating-up temperature in advance at the kind according to surfaceness of recording medium.Standard paper is 160～170 ℃.Glossy paper is 150～160 ℃.Coarse paper is 170～180 ℃.In addition, in the storage part 71, for each kind according to surfaceness of recording medium, the relation of input printing rate and heating-up temperature is as tables of data.In addition, be written in the testing result (testing result of the surface temperature of warm-up mill 51) of the temperature sensor that the near surface of warm-up mill 51 is provided with in the storage part 71.With the fixing conditions control part 64 of starting working to the storage part 61 input recording medium judged results time, at first according to the recording medium judged result from the reference range of storage part with reference to heating-up temperature.Then, from the tables of data of storage part 71, determine heating-up temperature with reference to the relation of expression printing rate data and printing rate and heating-up temperature.
Then, from the testing result of storage part 71 reference temperature(TR) sensors, and the heating-up temperature determined and the testing result of temperature sensor compared.Be higher than in the heating-up temperature that obtains determining under the situation of comparative result of testing result, based on this comparative result, the not shown heating part of being installed in being used for warm-up mill 51 by the control part 73 of fixing conditions control part 64 applies heating and transmits control signal with the power supply of voltage, and makes it apply voltage to make the surface temperature of warm-up mill 51 rise to definite heating-up temperature.
Be lower than in the heating-up temperature that obtains determining under the situation of comparative result of testing result, the control part 73 of fixing conditions control part 64 makes not shown cooling that the surface temperature that preheats roller 51 reduces transmit control signal with the drive source of extraction fan by discharging warm-up mill 51 ambient airs to being used to drive, and warm-up mill 51 is cooled off make its surface temperature reduce to definite pre-heating temperature.Thus, the heating-up temperature in the time of can controlling photographic fixing.
Image processing system 1 comprises control module 7 (adhesion amount control part 61, recording medium judging part 62, preheat condition control part 63, fixing conditions control part 64) as mentioned above.Control module 7 for example is arranged on the top in the inner space of image processing system 1, comprises storage part 71, operational part 72 and control part 73.Input is by means of the testing result of the not shown sensor of the configuration everywhere of the various setting values of the not shown guidance panel that disposes above of image processing system 1, image processing system 1 inside etc. and from the image information of outside etc. in the storage part 71 of control module 7.In addition, write the program of carrying out various functional imperative 74 in the storage part 71.Storage part 71 can use this area storer commonly used, for example can enumerate: ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), random access memory (RAM), hard disk drive (HDD) etc.External unit can use the electric/electronic that can form or obtain image information and can be electrically connected with image processing system, for example can enumerate: computing machine, digital camera, televisor, video recorder, DVD recorder, HDVD, Blu-ray Disc video recorder, facsimile unit, mobile terminal device etc.Operational part 72 references are written to the various data (image forms order, testing result, image information etc.) in the storage part 71 and are used for the program of various functional imperative 74, carry out various judgements.Control part 73 transmits control signal to related device according to the judged result of operational part 72, operates control.Control part 73 and operational part 72 comprise the treatment loop of realizing by the microcomputer with central processing unit (CPU, Central Processing Unit), microprocessor etc.Control module 7 comprises aforesaid treatment loop and primary power, and power supply is to each device power supply of control module 7 and image processing system 1 inside.Adhesion amount control part 61, recording medium judging part 62, preheat condition control part 63 and fixing conditions control part 64, being control module 7 is used for the functional imperative 74 that the program of various functional imperative 74 realizes by execution.
According to image processing system 1, to be transferred on the intermediate transfer belt 25 at the toner image that toner image formation portion 2 forms, and the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 25 is transferred on the recording medium, and by making toner image photographic fixing on recording medium form image by preheating the pre-warmed photographic fixing of roller 56 portion 4, and the recording medium after this image formed is discharged to discharge dish 41 via discharge portion 6.When this image forms operation, by controlling adhesion amount control part 61, recording medium judging part 62, preheating condition control part 63 and fixing conditions control part 64, irrelevant with the kind of recording medium, can stably form image with certain high image quality.
(embodiment)
Below enumerate embodiment and comparative example, specify the present invention, but only otherwise break away from main idea of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to this.Below in the explanation, " part " and " % " is meant " weight portion " and " weight % " if not otherwise specified.The fusing point of the glass transition temperature of the binding resin in embodiment and the comparative example and softening temperature, release agent, the volume average particle size of toner and the following mensuration of average roundness.
[glass transition temperature of binding resin (Tg)]
Use differential scanning calorimeter (trade name: DSC220, Seiko electronics industry Co., Ltd. makes),, sample is heated, measure the DSC curve with 10 ℃/minute programming rates according to Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) K7121-1987.The intersection point of following two lines is obtained as glass transition temperature (Tg): the straight line that the high temperature side baseline of the endothermic peak that is equivalent to glass transition of the DSC curve that obtains prolongs to low temperature side; The tangent line that draws with point with respect to the part that rises from peak curves maximum to the limit.
[softening temperature of binding resin (Tm)]
Use flow characteristics evaluating apparatus (trade name: Flow Tester CFT-100C, Shimadzu Scisakusho Ltd's system), the 1g sample is applied 10kgf/cm extruding from die head (nozzle)
2(9.8 * 10
5Programming rate with 6 ℃/minute when Pa) loading heats, and the temperature that flows out sample one half from die head is obtained as softening temperature (Tm).The bore of die head is that 1mm, length are 1mm.
[fusing point of release agent]
Use differential scanning calorimeter (trade name: DSC220, Seiko electronics industry Co., Ltd. makes), sample 1g is warming up to 150 ℃, repeats 2 times from 150 ℃ of operations that are chilled to 20 ℃ then from 20 ℃ of programming rates with 10 ℃/minute, measure the DSC curve.The summit temperature of the endothermic peak that is equivalent to fusion of the DSC curve of mensuration in the operation is for the second time obtained as the fusing point of release agent.
[volume average particle size of toner]
In electrolytic solution (trade name: ISOTON-II, the manufacturing of Beckman Coulter company) adds sample 20mg and alkyl ether sulphate sodium 1ml among the 50ml, use ultrasonic disperser (trade name: UH-50, the T of SM Co., Ltd. makes) with ultrasonic frequency 20kHz dispersion treatment 3 minutes, formation determination sample.For this mensuration sample, use particle size distribution device (trade name: Multisizer 3, Beckman Coulter company makes), under the condition of aperture 100 μ m, mensuration population 50000 countings, measure, by the volume particle size distribution volume calculated mean grain size of sample particle.
[the shape coefficient SF2 of toner]
Surface at toner particle forms metal film (Au film, thickness 0.5 μ m) by the sputter evaporation.From this metal film lining toner, randomly draw 200～300, utilize scanning electron microscope (trade name: S-570, Hitachi Co., Ltd makes), under accelerating potential 5kV, 1000 times multiple, carry out the photo photography.These electromicroscopic photograph data are carried out graphical analysis with image analysis software (trade name: A is as く ん, and Asahi Kasei Corporation makes), thereby calculate shape coefficient SF2.
[average roundness of toner]
The circularity of toner (ai) is defined by following formula (2).The circularity (ai) of following formula (2) definition is measured by using flow-type particle picture analytical equipment (trade name FPIA-3000, Sysmex Co., Ltd. makes).In addition, obtain the summation of each circularity (ai) of measuring for m toner, count arithmetic mean that following formula (3) that m removes summation obtains average roundness (a) as toner with toner.
[making of toner 1]
[crushed material production process]
To comprise 80 weight portion polyester (binding resins, trade name: タ Off ト Application " TTR-5; Kao Corp makes; glass transition temperature (Tg): 60 ℃; softening temperature (Tm): 100 ℃); 12 weight portions contain the masterbatch of 40 weight % as the C.I. paratonere 57:1 of colorant; 6 weight portion paraffin (release agents, trade name: HNP10, this Jing of Ri Pewter Co., Ltd. makes, 75 ℃ of fusing points) and 2 weight portion alkylated salicylamide acid metal salt (charged controlling agents, trade name: BONTRON E-84, Orient chemical industry Co., Ltd. makes) enjoy She Er mixer (ヘ Application シ エ Le ミ キ サ with the raw material for toner utilization of this cooperation ratio (weight portion), trade name: FM MIXER, Mitsui Mining Co Ltd. BJ Offc makes) mixed 10 minutes.
With this raw mix Kneadex MOS140-800 (trade name, Mitsui Mining Co Ltd. BJ Offc makes) melting mixing, and be cooled to room temperature, use the solidfied material coarse crushing of boulder crusher Orient VM-27 (trade name, Seishin enterprise of Co., Ltd. makes) then with the melting mixing thing.The condition of melting mixing is: the supply side temperature of 50 ℃ of the discharge side temperature of 75 ℃ of the supply side temperature of preliminary roller, preliminary roller, back roller and discharge side temperature are 20 ℃, and the preliminary roller rotation number is that 75rpm (75 rev/mins), back roller rotation number are that 60rpm, raw material for toner feed speed are 10kg/ hour.Be below 120 ℃ at each mixing point by the raw material for toner temperature in the melting mixing of infrared ray non-contact thermometer mensuration.Then, mince number jet mill AFG (Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd. makes for カ ウ Application タ ジ エ Star ト ミ Le AFG, the trade name) micro mist of using tricks of the meal that the solidfied material of coarse crushing melting mixing thing is obtained is broken, obtains the crushed material of resin combination.
[spheroidization treatment process]
Carry out surface modification treatment with hot air type spheroidization device (trade name: Meteo Rainbow, Japanese Pneumatic Industrial Co., Ltd makes).Drop into the crushed material of aforementioned resin with 3.0kg/ hour speed, make it in 180 ℃ hot blast, disperse spraying,, carry out spheroidization thus and handle the surface heat fusion.
[classification operation]
The resin particle of spheroidization is carried out air classification.
[the outside operation of adding]
Handle in toner particle 100 weight portions that obtain to classification, with enjoying She Er mixer (trade name: FM MIXER, Mitsui Mining Co Ltd. BJ Offc makes) mixing 2.2 weight portion hydrophobic silica (trade names: R-974, Japan ア エ ロ ジ Le Co., Ltd. makes) and 1.6 weight portion hydrophobicity titanium (trade names: T-805, Japan ア エ ロ ジ Le Co., Ltd. makes) total 3.8 weight portions, carry out adding processing, obtain toner 1 in the outside outside of adding external additive of toner particle.The volume average particle size of the toner 1 that obtains is that 6.7 μ m, average roundness are 0.955.
[making of toner 2]
Except the operating conditions that changes the classification operation, by obtaining toner 2 with the same method of toner 1.The volume average particle size of the toner 1 that obtains is that 7.1 μ m, average roundness are 0.957.
[making of toner 3]
Except the operating conditions that changes the spheroidization treatment process, by obtaining toner 3 with the same method of toner 1.The volume average particle size of the toner 3 that obtains is that 6.8 μ m, average roundness are 0.947.
[making of toner 4]
Except using Brazil wax (release agent, trade name: REFINED CARNAUBAWAX, Co., Ltd. add rattan foreign firm and make 83 ℃ of fusing points), by obtaining toner 4 with the same method of toner 1 as beyond the release agent.The volume average particle size of the toner 4 that obtains is that 6.5 μ m, average roundness are 0.956.
[making of toner 5]
[crushed material production process]
To comprise 80 weight portion polyester (binding resins, trade name: タ Off ト Application " TTR-5; Kao Corp makes; glass transition temperature (Tg): 60 ℃; softening temperature (Tm): 100 ℃); 12 weight portions contain the masterbatch of 40 weight % as the C.I. paratonere 57:1 of colorant; 6 weight portion paraffin (release agents, trade name: HNP10, this Jing of Ri Pewter Co., Ltd. makes, 75 ℃ of fusing points) and 2 weight portion alkylated salicylamide acid metal salt (charged controlling agents, trade name: BONTRON E-84, Orient chemical industry Co., Ltd. makes) enjoy She Er mixer (trade name: FM MIXER, Mitsui Mining Co Ltd. BJ Offc's manufacturing) mixing 10 minutes with the raw material for toner utilization of this cooperation ratio (weight portion).
With this raw mix Kneadex MOS140-800 (trade name, Mitsui Mining Co Ltd. BJ Offc makes) melting mixing, and be cooled to room temperature, use the solidfied material coarse crushing of boulder crusher Orient VM-27 (trade name, セ イ シ Application enterprise of Co., Ltd. makes) then with the melting mixing thing.The condition of melting mixing is: the supply side temperature of 50 ℃ of the discharge side temperature of 75 ℃ of the supply side temperature of preliminary roller, preliminary roller, back roller and discharge side temperature are 20 ℃, and the preliminary roller rotation number is that 75rpm (75 rev/mins), back roller rotation number are that 60rpm, raw material for toner feed speed are 10kg/ hour.Be below 120 ℃ at each mixing point by the raw material for toner temperature in the melting mixing of infrared ray non-contact thermometer mensuration.The meal of melting mixing thing is divided into two, and with cutting further coarse crushing of grinding machine (the emerging Industry Co., Ltd of water chestnut makes for カ Star テ イ Application グ ミ Le, trade name: VM-16), broken with counting jet mill micro mist then, made different first crushed material and second crushed materials of particle diameter respectively.
[spheroidization treatment process]
Utilizing impact type spheroidization device (trade name: Faculty F-400 type, the manufacturing of HosokawaMicron Co., Ltd.) that mean grain size second crushed material bigger than first crushed material carried out spheroidization handles.
[classification operation]
By rotary grader, classification is removed the little non-requiredly micro mist of volume average particle size and is promptly crossed crushed toner from second crushed material that has carried out the spheroidization processing, obtains the second toner particle group.In addition, utilize rotary grader, removed crushed toner than classification the first little crushed material of second crushed material, obtain the～toner particle group from volume average particle size.
[mixed processes]
With the first toner particle group: the second toner particle group's=100: 50 ratio, the first toner particle group and the second toner particle group are mixed.
[the outside operation of adding]
In toner particle potpourri 100 weight portions of the first toner particle group and second toner particle group mixing, with enjoying She Er mixer (trade name: FM MIXER, Mitsui Mining Co Ltd. BJ Offc makes) mixing 2.2 weight portion hydrophobic silica (trade names: R-974, Japan ア エ ロ ジ Le Co., Ltd. makes) and 1.6 weight portion hydrophobicity titanium (trade names: T-805, Japan ア エ ロ ジ Le Co., Ltd. makes) total 3.8 weight portions, carry out adding processing, obtain toner 5 in the outside outside of adding external additive of toner particle.The volume average particle size of the toner 5 that obtains is that 6.0 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 are 141.
[making of toner 6]
Except the operating conditions that changes the classification operation, by obtaining toner 6 with the same method of toner 5.The volume average particle size of the toner 6 that obtains is that 6.8 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 are 141.
[making of toner 7]
Except the operating conditions that changes the classification operation, by obtaining toner 7 with the same method of toner 5.The volume average particle size of the toner 7 that obtains is that 7.2 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 are 142.
[making of toner 8]
Except the operating conditions that changes the classification operation, by obtaining toner 8 with the same method of toner 5.The volume average particle size of the toner 8 that obtains is that 5.1 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 are 140.
[making of toner 9]
Except the operating conditions that changes the classification operation, by obtaining toner 9 with the same method of toner 5.The volume average particle size of the toner 9 that obtains is that 4.8 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 are 140.
[making of toner 10]
Except not carrying out the spheroidization treatment process, by obtaining toner 10 with the same method of toner 5.The volume average particle size of the toner 10 that obtains is that 6.3 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 are 145.
[making of toner 11]
Except with the first toner particle group and the second toner particle group's mixture ratio from the first toner particle group: the second toner particle group=100: 50 is changed to the first toner particle group: the second toner particle group=100: 40, by obtaining toner 11 with the same method of toner 5.The volume average particle size of the toner 11 that obtains is that 5.8 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 are 143.
[making of toner 12]
Except with the second toner particle faciation with method also the first toner particle group is carried out spheroidization handles, by obtaining toner 12 with the same method of toner 5.The volume average particle size of the toner 12 that obtains is that 5.7 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 are 145.
[making of toner 13]
Except using Brazil wax (trade name: REFINED CARNAUBA WAX, Co., Ltd. adds rattan foreign firm and makes, 83 ℃ of fusing points) replace the paraffin that uses in the making of toner 1 as beyond the release agent, by obtaining toner 13 with the same method of toner 5.The volume average particle size of the toner 13 that obtains is that 6.2 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 are 141.
[making of toner 14]
Except adding 2.2 weight portion hydrophobic silica (trade names: R-974 in advance in outside in toner particle, Japan Aerosil Co., Ltd. makes) with after suppressing particle gathering each other, hot blast temperature in the spheroidization treatment process is changed to 240 ℃ carry out beyond spheroidization handles, by obtaining toner 14 with the same method of toner 1.The volume average particle size of the toner 14 that obtains is that 6.4 μ m, shape coefficient SF2 are 113.
Table 1
| The fusing point of release agent (℃) | Volume average particle size (μ m) | Shape coefficient SF2 | | |
| Toner | ||||
| 1 | 75 | 6.7 | 137 | 0.955 |
| Toner 2 | 75 | 7.1 | 136 | 0.957 |
| |
75 | 6.8 | 144 | 0.947 |
| |
83 | 6.5 | 135 | 0.956 |
| |
75 | 6.0 | 141 | 0.949 |
| |
75 | 6.8 | 141 | 0.949 |
| |
75 | 7.2 | 142 | 0.949 |
| Toner 8 | 75 | 5.1 | 140 | 0.950 |
| Toner 9 | 75 | 4.8 | 140 | 0.950 |
| Toner 10 | 75 | 6.3 | 145 | 0.947 |
| Toner 11 | 75 | 5.8 | 143 | 0.948 |
| Toner 12 | 75 | 5.7 | 138 | 0.950 |
| |
83 | 6.2 | 141 | 0.950 |
| Toner 14 | 75 | 6.4 | 113 | 0.986 |
[assessment item]
[image disperse evaluation]
Image output utilization has been carried out a part of improved equipment to compounding machine MX2700 (trade name, Sharp Corporation makes) and has been carried out, and with 600dpi the image of 3dot * 3dot is exported with certain interval, obtains unfixed toner image.
Fixing device uses the general two roller mode fixing devices (fixing device B) that do not contain photographic fixing 4 (the fixing device A) of portion of the present invention and preheat portion.Fixing temperature is 170 ℃ of pressure contact portions, and fixation rate is 124mm/ second.In addition, the pre-heating temperature of fixing device A is 100 ℃.
The image of output is amplified to 200 times with optical microscope, and (toner on every side of 3dot * 3dot) disperses to judge range estimation timing point (dot).
◎: toner disperses less than 20.
Zero: toner is separated into more than 20 but less than 30.
△: toner is separated into more than 30 but less than 50.
*: toner is separated into more than 50.
(embodiment 1)
To be equivalent to the toner adhesion amount 0.38mg/cm of printing rate 100%
2Output toner 1, and utilize fixing device A to make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing.
(embodiment 2)
Except using toner 2 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 3)
Except using toner 3 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 4)
Except using toner 4 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 5)
Except using toner 5 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 6)
Except using toner 6 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 7)
Except using toner 7 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 8)
Except using toner 8 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 9)
Except using toner 9 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 10)
Except using toner 10 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 11)
Except using toner 11 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 12)
Except using toner 12 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 13)
Except using toner 13 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(embodiment 14)
Except using toner 14 replacement toners 1, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(comparative example 1)
Except using fixing device B replacement fixing device A, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(comparative example 2)
Except to be equivalent to the toner adhesion amount 0.45mg/cm of printing rate 100%
2Export, and use fixing device B to replace making the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1 beyond the fixing device A.
(comparative example 3)
Except to be equivalent to the toner adhesion amount 0.45mg/cm of printing rate 100%
2Beyond exporting, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 1.
(comparative example 4)
Except using fixing device B replacement fixing device A, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 5.
(comparative example 5)
Except to be equivalent to the toner adhesion amount 0.45mg/cm of printing rate 100%
2Export, and use fixing device B to replace making the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 5 beyond the fixing device A.
(comparative example 6)
Except to be equivalent to the toner adhesion amount 0.45mg/cm of printing rate 100%
2Beyond exporting, make the unfixed toner image photographic fixing similarly to Example 5.
The evaluation result of embodiment 1～13 and comparative example 1～6 is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Comparative example 1 and 4 preheats, so toner disperses a large amount of the generation.Comparative example 2 and 5 preheats, and the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% surpasses 0.4mg/cm
2, so toner disperses a large amount of the generation.Comparative example 3 and 6 preheats, but the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% surpasses 0.4mg/cm
2, so toner disperses a large amount of the generation.
In embodiment 1 and the comparative example 1～3, the fusing point that uses release agent is below 80 ℃, volume average particle size is that the above 8 μ m of 3 μ m are following, average roundness is the toner below 0.985 1 more than 0.950.
In embodiment 5,6,8,11 and the comparative example 4～6, the fusing point that uses release agent is below 80 ℃, volume average particle size is that the above 8 μ m of 3 μ m are following, shape coefficient SF2 is more than 140 and less than 145 toner 5,6,8,11.
Among the embodiment 2 and 7,, therefore compare and produce the toner dispersion, but obtain preferable image with embodiment 1,5,6,8,11 because use the bigger toner 2 and 7 of volume average particle size.
Among the embodiment 3, produce the toner dispersion because the use average roundness less than 0.950 toner 3, is therefore compared with embodiment 1, but obtain preferable image.
Among the embodiment 14,, therefore compare and produce the toner dispersion, but obtain preferable image with embodiment 1 because use average roundness to surpass 0.985 toner 14.
Among the embodiment 9,, therefore compare and produce the toner dispersion, but obtain preferable image with embodiment 1,5,6,8,11 because use the smaller toner 9 of volume average particle size.
Among the embodiment 4 and 13,, therefore compare and produce the toner dispersion, but obtain preferable image with embodiment 1,5,6,8,11 because use the fusing point of release agent to surpass 80 ℃ toner 4 and 13.
Among the embodiment 10,, therefore compare and produce the toner dispersion, but obtain preferable image with embodiment 5,6,8,11 because use the bigger toner 10 of shape coefficient SF2.
Among the embodiment 12,, therefore compare and produce the toner dispersion, but obtain preferable image with embodiment 5,6,8,11 because use the smaller toner 12 of shape coefficient SF2.
Under the situation that does not break away from principal character of the present invention, the present invention also can other variety of way implement.Therefore, aforesaid embodiment only is an illustration, and scope of the present invention is represented by the scope of claim, is not subjected to the restriction of instructions text.In addition, belong to the claim scope distortion and the change all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. an image processing system is characterized in that, comprising:
Comprise image forming, form the toner image formation portion of toner image on the image forming surface,
Control toner image formation portion makes that the toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% is 0.4mg/cm
2Following adhesion amount control part,
Described toner image is transferred to transfer printing portion on the recording medium,
Make the unfixed toner image that is transferred on the recording medium on recording medium, before the photographic fixing, carry out the pre-warmed portion that preheats to described unfixed toner image,
Control preheat portion the condition that preheats the condition that preheats control part and
Make preheated unfixed toner image in the pressure contact portion process that forms by warm-up mill and backer roll, thereby make the photographic fixing portion of unfixed toner image photographic fixing on recording medium.
2. the described image processing system of claim 1 is characterized in that, using volume average particle size is that the above 8 μ m of 3 μ m are following and be more than 140 and less than 145 toner by the shape coefficient SF2 of following formula (1) expression,
SF2＝{(PERI)
2/AREA}×(100/4π) ……(1)
Wherein, PERI is the girth of particle, and AREA is the graphics area of particle.
3. the described image processing system of claim 2 is characterized in that, toner comprises a plurality of toner particles, and at least a portion in the described toner particle has been carried out the spheroidization processing.
4. the described image processing system of claim 2 is characterized in that, is more than 0.950 below 0.985 by the average roundness of the toner of following formula (3) definition,
Wherein, ai is the circularity of toner, and m is the number of toner, and
Ai=(having girth)/(girth of the projected image of particle) with the circle of particle picture same projection area ... (2).
5. the described image processing system of claim 2 is characterized in that toner comprises release agent, and the fusing point of release agent is below 80 ℃.
6. the described image processing system of claim 1 is characterized in that, the condition that preheats is controlled according to more than in environment for use and the information relevant with recording medium any one.
7. the described image processing system of claim 1 is characterized in that, recording medium carries and is placed at preheating to be with and carrying of reeling on the described backer roll, and described recording medium is preheated by preheating roller via preheating band.
8. the described image processing system of claim 7 is characterized in that, preheats band preheated when preheating roller and contact.
9. the described image processing system of claim 7 is characterized in that, the material that preheats band is a thermal conductivity.
10. an image forming method uses the image processing system of claim 1 to form image, it is characterized in that, comprises following operation:
The toner image that forms toner image on the image forming surface forms operation,
The toner adhesion amount on the recording medium of printing rate 100% that toner image is formed in the operation is controlled at 0.4mg/cm
2Following adhesion amount control operation,
Described toner image is transferred to transfer printing process on the recording medium,
Making the unfixed toner image that is transferred on the recording medium before photographic fixing on the described recording medium, described unfixed toner image is carried out the pre-warmed operation that preheats,
The condition that the preheats control operation that the condition that preheats that preheats in the operation is controlled and
Make unfixed toner image after preheating in the pressure contact portion process that forms by warm-up mill and backer roll, thereby make the photographic fixing operation of unfixed toner image photographic fixing on recording medium.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007135932 | 2007-05-22 | ||
| JP2007135932 | 2007-05-22 | ||
| JP2007-135932 | 2007-05-22 | ||
| JP2008102957A JP5342802B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 | 2008-04-10 | Image forming apparatus and image forming method |
| JP2008102957 | 2008-04-10 | ||
| JP2008-102957 | 2008-04-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101311848A CN101311848A (en) | 2008-11-26 |
| CN101311848B true CN101311848B (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2008100985243A Expired - Fee Related CN101311848B (en) | 2007-05-22 | 2008-05-22 | Image forming apparatus and image forming method |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5342802B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101311848B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5901280B2 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2016-04-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image heating apparatus and image forming apparatus |
| CN102621839A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 南京新天兴影像科技有限公司 | Nonmagnetic single component developer for low temperature photographic fixing |
| CN102621835B (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2015-03-25 | 南京新天兴影像科技有限公司 | Cyan toner for color electrostatic development and method for preparing cyan toner |
| JP6194660B2 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2017-09-13 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | Image forming method and image forming apparatus |
| JP6187491B2 (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2017-08-30 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Fixing apparatus, image forming apparatus, and fixing method |
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| JP2003271007A (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-25 | Canon Inc | Image forming apparatus |
| CN1621955A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-01 | 株式会社东芝 | Image forming apparatus and image forming method |
| JP2005195674A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-21 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Image forming method |
| JP2006154244A (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2006-06-15 | Kyocera Mita Corp | Toner for image forming apparatus |
| CN1938649A (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2007-03-28 | 株式会社理光 | Toner, and developer, container packed with toner, process cartridge, image forming apparatus and method for forming image |
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| JPH09160408A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1997-06-20 | Konica Corp | Image forming device |
| JP3310574B2 (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 2002-08-05 | 富士通株式会社 | Image forming device |
| JPH11272099A (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-10-08 | Minolta Co Ltd | Heat fixing device |
| JP3993983B2 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2007-10-17 | 株式会社リコー | Fixing apparatus and image forming apparatus |
| JP4865244B2 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2012-02-01 | キヤノン株式会社 | Fixing device |
| JP4322801B2 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2009-09-02 | 株式会社リコー | Toner, method for producing the same, and image forming method |
| JP2006184641A (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-07-13 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Belt heating method, fixing device, and image forming apparatus |
| JP4086039B2 (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2008-05-14 | コニカミノルタビジネステクノロジーズ株式会社 | Toner manufacturing method and toner manufacturing apparatus |
| JP2006201648A (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2006-08-03 | Sharp Corp | Toner and developer comprising the toner |
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- 2008-04-10 JP JP2008102957A patent/JP5342802B2/en active Active
- 2008-05-22 CN CN2008100985243A patent/CN101311848B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JP2003271007A (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-25 | Canon Inc | Image forming apparatus |
| CN1621955A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-01 | 株式会社东芝 | Image forming apparatus and image forming method |
| JP2005195674A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-21 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Image forming method |
| CN1938649A (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2007-03-28 | 株式会社理光 | Toner, and developer, container packed with toner, process cartridge, image forming apparatus and method for forming image |
| JP2006154244A (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2006-06-15 | Kyocera Mita Corp | Toner for image forming apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2009003419A (en) | 2009-01-08 |
| CN101311848A (en) | 2008-11-26 |
| JP5342802B2 (en) | 2013-11-13 |
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