CN101309540B - Electronic trigger and HID light - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic trigger and an HID lamp. The electronic trigger comprises a first transformer and a second transformer, wherein a resonance circuit is formed between the primary side of the first transformer and a first capacitor, and an electronic switch is arranged on the resonance circuit, and the electronic switch is connected with a chip. The low frequency square-wave signals output through an electronic ballast are input to the chip after passing through a rectification circuit and a voltage stabilizing tube voltage reducing circuit in sequence. When the HID lamp is started, the low frequency square-wave signal voltage output by the electronic ballast is higher, a high frequency pulse signal is output by the chip, and then the trigger works, and thereby the starting of the HID lamp is realized; when the HID lamp works normally, the low frequency square-wave signal voltage output by the electronic ballast is lower, the chip stops to output the high frequency pulse signal, and the trigger dose not work. The first transformer and the second transformer work under the high frequency state, therefore, the weight and the volume of the entire circuit are reduced, simultaneously, automatic triggering can be performed according to the terminal voltage of the lamp, and the multi-trigger phenomenon can not be caused, and thereby the stability of the system is enhanced. The low frequency square-wave signals output by the electronic ballast are input to the chip after passing through the rectification circuit and the voltage stabilizing tube voltage reducing circuit in sequence.

Description

Electronic trigger and HID lamp

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of electronic trigger lug, relate in particular to a kind of electronic trigger and HID lamp.

Background technology

HID (high intensity discharge) lamp is a kind of novel high efficiency electric light source, has higher luminous efficiency and near the colour temperature of perfect light source (as daylight), has been widely used in multiple occasions such as automobile, industry and commerce and video display stage illumination, lighting.

In the prior art, the voltage-current characteristic when typical HID lamp starts as shown in Figure 1, after lamp triggers, lamp current descends, terminal voltage rises, and presents negative resistance charactertistic, the impulse current in the time of need inserting an electric ballast limit the lamp startup between power supply grid and lamp.

The circuit block diagram of electric ballast as shown in Figure 2, pfc circuit is a typical B oost type circuit of power factor correction, to improve the power factor of input; The DC-DC converter is a Buck type reduction voltage circuit, guarantees the smooth starting of lamp and provides permanent power control for the steady operation of lamp; The DC-AC converter is a full bridge inverter, the acoustic resonance when suppressing the lamp high-frequency work, and the ac square wave power signal of a low frequency of output drives the HID lamp.

When the HID lamp starts, need apply a trigger voltage that amplitude is very high at the lamp two ends with trigger, make the gas ionization discharge of filling in the lamp.

The circuit structure of inductance type trigger of the prior art as shown in Figure 3, when switch S was closed, AC signal was added to the first transformer T ₁Former limit, the first transformer T ₁Secondary to the 6th capacitor C ₆Quick charge is when the 6th capacitor C ₆Voltage when reaching the puncture voltage of air gap switch SG, air gap switch SG conducting, the 6th capacitor C ₆With the second transformer T ₂Former limit form series resonant circuit because resonance frequency is very high, the 5th capacitor C ₅Be equivalent to short circuit, the second transformer T ₂The high pressure that produces of secondary all be added between two electrodes of bulb, make gas ionization discharge, realize the triggering of lamp.When switch S disconnected, circuits for triggering were not worked, and the permanent power signal of low frequency of electric ballast output is realized the steady operation of HID lamp.

There is following shortcoming at least in above-mentioned prior art:

Because the first transformer T ₁Be operated in the low frequency state, the volume and weight of inductance type trigger is bigger, in the application scenarios such as middle low power that volume and weight had specific (special) requirements, and the application of its bulkiness and weight limits inductance type trigger.In addition, when switch S is interfered when repeatedly moving, repeatedly triggering appears in lantern festival, and the ionization loss that this can quicken two electrodes of lamp has reduced the working life of lamp.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of in light weight, volume is little, and the electronic trigger of stable working state and HID lamp.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

Electronic trigger of the present invention, comprise first transformer, second transformer, the former edge joint of described first transformer is received voltage signal, the secondary trigger output voltage of described second transformer, the former limit of described first transformer is in series with first electric capacity, and constitute resonant circuit between the former limit of described first transformer and described first electric capacity, described resonant circuit is provided with electronic switch, described electronic switch is connected with chip, and described chip is controlled the on off state of described electronic switch by the output high-frequency pulse signal.

HID lamp of the present invention, this HID lamp is connected with above-mentioned electronic trigger.

As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, electronic trigger of the present invention and HID lamp, because the former limit of first transformer of electronic trigger is in series with first electric capacity, and formation resonant circuit, resonant circuit is provided with electronic switch, electronic switch is by the high-frequency pulse signal control switch state of chip output, and then realization triggers the control of state to trigger.In light weight, volume is little, and stable working state.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the volt-ampere characteristic schematic diagram that HID lamp of the prior art starts;

Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of electric ballast of the prior art;

Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of inductance type trigger of the prior art;

Fig. 4 is the electrical schematic diagram of electronic trigger of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the former figure of electronic trigger first order equivalent electric circuit of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the former figure of electronic trigger of the present invention second level equivalent electric circuit;

Fig. 7 is the former figure of second level equivalent electric circuit that electronic trigger of the present invention is simplified;

Fig. 8 is the former figure of electronic trigger third level equivalent electric circuit of the present invention.

Embodiment

Electronic trigger of the present invention, its preferable embodiment comprise the first transformer T as shown in Figure 4 ₁, the second transformer T ₂, the first transformer T ₁Former edge joint receive voltage signal and be coupled to secondary; The first transformer T ₁Secondary the energy of voltage signal is delivered to the second transformer T step by step ₂Former limit, and the second transformer T is arranged ₂The secondary trigger output voltage.

The concrete first transformer T ₁Former limit be in series with first capacitor C ₁, and the first transformer T ₁The former limit and first capacitor C ₁Between constitute resonant circuit, resonant circuit is provided with electronic switch Q, electronic switch Q is connected with chip I P, chip I P is by the on off state of output high-frequency pulse signal control electronic switch Q.

Chip I P receives outside low-frequency square-wave signal (as the low-frequency square-wave signal of electric ballast output), and just determine output or stop to export high-frequency pulse signal according to the voltage of low-frequency square-wave signal, specifically: when the voltage of low-frequency square-wave signal was higher than preset threshold, chip I P exported high-frequency pulse signal; When the voltage of low-frequency square-wave signal was lower than preset threshold, chip I P stopped to export high-frequency pulse signal.

In the startup that is applied to the HID lamp, when the HID lamp had just begun to start, the low-frequency square-wave signal voltage of electric ballast output was higher, and chip I P exports high-frequency pulse signal, flip-flop operation, and trigger output voltage is realized the startup to the HID lamp; When HID lamp operate as normal, the low-frequency square-wave signal voltage of electric ballast output is lower, and chip I P stops to export high-frequency pulse signal, and trigger is not worked, and stops trigger output voltage.

Outside low-frequency square-wave signal at first can be by being input to chip I P again after the rectification circuit rectification; Can also be again by being input to chip I P after the step-down of voltage-stabiliser tube reduction voltage circuit.

Concrete low-frequency square-wave signal is by behind the rectification circuit, and the positive pole of output and negative pole can be respectively and the first transformer T ₁The former limit and first capacitor C ₁Between the resonant circuit that constitutes connect, wherein be provided with current-limiting resistance R between positive pole and the resonant circuit.The value of current-limiting resistance R is greater than 4L ₁/ C ₁, L in the formula ₁Be the first transformer T ₁The value of former limit inductance; C ₁It is first capacitor C ₁Value.

The voltage-stabiliser tube reduction voltage circuit comprises two voltage stabilizing didoes, be connected between the positive pole and negative pole of rectification circuit output after two voltage stabilizing didoe series connection, tie point between two voltage stabilizing didoes is connected with the input of chip I P, realizes voltage stabilizing, the step-down of chip I P input voltage.

The first transformer T ₁The secondary and the second transformer T ₂Former limit between connect by half-wave voltage doubler, concrete half-wave voltage doubler comprises the 3rd capacitor C ₃, second capacitor C 2, the first diode D1, the second diode D2.Wherein, the 3rd capacitor C ₃With the second transformer T ₂Former limit be connected to form resonant circuit, and on this resonant circuit, be provided with air gap switch SG; The first diode D1 is in parallel with the 3rd capacitor C 3; The second diode D2 is connected between the first diode D1 and the 3rd capacitor C 3; Second capacitor C 2 is connected between the secondary of the first diode D1 and the first transformer T1.

The appearance value of the 3rd capacitor C 3 is much larger than the appearance value of second capacitor C 2, can be more than or equal to 10 times of the appearance value of second capacitor C 2.

HID lamp of the present invention, its preferable embodiment are that this HID lamp is connected with above-mentioned electronic trigger, realizes the startup to the HID lamp.

The operation principle of HID electronic lamp trigger of the present invention is:

When lamp does not start, DC-AC converter in the electric ballast is equivalent to zero load, the low-frequency square-wave alternating voltage of a 300VRMS of output, this square wave alternating-current voltage makes a high-frequency drive pulse signal control of chip IC output electronic switch Q through the direct voltage VDC behind the over commutation after the voltage-stabiliser tube step-down, when electronic switch Q disconnects, direct voltage VDC is through current-limiting resistance R, the first transformer T ₁Former limit to first capacitor C ₁Charging.First capacitor C ₁Initial voltage be zero, be equivalent to short circuit; The first transformer T ₁Former limit inductance L ₁The electric current initial value be VDC/R because current-limiting resistance R (1K) is bigger, much larger than 4L ₁/ C ₁(L ₁=20uH, C ₁=0.033u),, can be reduced to capacitor charging circuit so circuit is the overdamp vibration; When electronic switch Q is closed, the first transformer T ₁The former limit and first capacitor C ₁Constitute series resonant tank, transfer energy to the first transformer T by the magnetic field coupling ₁Secondary, by the first diode D ₁, the second diode D ₂, second capacitor C ₂With the 3rd capacitor C ₃Constituted a half-wave voltage doubler, when being added in the 3rd capacitor C ₃When the voltage at two ends reaches the puncture voltage of air gap switch SG, air gap switch SG conducting, the 3rd capacitor C ₃With the second transformer T ₂Former limit constitute series resonant tank, the secondary that transfers energy to the second transformer T2 by the magnetic field coupling triggers the HID lamp.

After lamp starts, when entering steady operation, lamp two ends ac square-wave voltage very low (＜100VRMS), make the chip IC failure of oscillation through rectification and after the voltage-stabiliser tube step-down, whole flip-flop circuit quits work, and gives the output of HID lamp a low-frequency ac square wave power signal by electric ballast.

Below the theory analysis of trigger of the present invention and the method for designing of major parameter are explained in detail:

Easy for analyzing, suppose that the starting point of time is set to the moment that electronic switch Q disconnects, the first order is charged equivalent electric circuit as shown in Figure 5, and wherein R is the former limit L of the input current-limiting resistance and the first transformer T1 ₁The wire resistor and first capacitor C ₁The series equivalent resistance sum.Direct voltage V after the rectification _InBy R and L ₁To C ₁Linear-charging, C ₁Terminal voltage u ₁Be index and rise inductance L ₁Be equivalent to short circuit, output voltage u ₃Be approximately zero.After elapsed time t, $u_1\left(t_0\right)=V_{\mathrm{in}}\left({1-e}^{-\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="t"\; filenames="S2008101164836E00011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}_0}{{\mathrm{RC}}_1}}\right),$ T wherein ₀Be the opening time of electronic switch Q.

When electronic switch Q is closed, second level equivalent electric circuit as shown in Figure 6, K wherein ₁Be the former limit L of the first transformer T1 ₁The wire resistor and first capacitor C ₁Series equivalent resistance and the conducting resistance sum of switch Q; R ₂Secondary L for transformer T1 ₂The wire resistor and second capacitor C ₂The series equivalent resistance sum.In the side circuit, K ₁＜1ohm is very little, R ₂＞100ohm, L ₁Approximate tens uH, L ₂Approximate tens mH, C ₁Approximate tens nF, C ₂Approximate a hundreds of pF, C ₃Approximate several thousand pF, so the first transformer T ₁Two second-order circuits on former and deputy limit all satisfy R ₂The free harmonic vibration condition of＜4L/C, so when switch Q becomes closure state by disconnection, C ₁, L ₁And R ₁And C ₂, L ₂And R ₂Constitute two second order series connection free harmonic vibration circuit, capacitor C ₁The terminal voltage initial value be u ₁(t ₀), because C ₂≤ 10C ₃So equivalent electric circuit shown in Figure 6 can further be reduced to equivalent electric circuit shown in Figure 7.

Circuit equation as shown in Figure 7 is as the formula (1):

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{L}_1{C}_1\frac{d^2{u}_1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="dt"\; filenames="S2008101164836E00011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">dt</figure-callout>}}^2}+{\mathrm{MC}}_2\frac{d^2{u}_2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="dt"\; filenames="S2008101164836E00011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">dt</figure-callout>}}^2}+R_1{C}_1\frac{{\mathrm{du}}_1}{\mathrm{dt}}+u_1\left(t\right)=0\\ L_2{C}_2\frac{d^2{u}_2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="dt"\; filenames="S2008101164836E00011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">dt</figure-callout>}}^2}+{\mathrm{MC}}_1\frac{d^2{u}_1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="dt"\; filenames="S2008101164836E00011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">dt</figure-callout>}}^2}+u_2\left(t\right)=0\end{array}\right.$ Formula (1)

Initial value is u ₁(0 ⁺)=u ₁(t ₀), u ' ₁(0 ⁺)=i _L1(0 ⁺)/C ₁=0, u ₂(0 ⁺)=0, u ' ₂(0 ⁺)=i _L2(0 ⁺)/C ₂=0

When satisfying condition of resonance (L ₁C ₁=L ₂C ₂) time, energy transmission efficiency η=1;

Simultaneously, work as coupling coefficient $k=\frac{2n+1}{{2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n"\; filenames="S2008101164836E00011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}^2+2n+1}(n=\mathrm{0,1,2,3}\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;)$ The time, output voltage u ₂(t) maximum,

$u_2{\left(t\right)}_{\max }=u_1\left(t_0\right)\sqrt{\frac{L_2}{L_1}}.$

In the actual engineering, often adopt n=1, the coupling transformer of k=0.6.

The 3rd capacitor C ₃On maximum output voltage $u_3{\left(t\right)}_{\max }={2u}_2{\left(t\right)}_{\max }={2u}_1\left(t_0\right)\sqrt{\frac{L_2}{L_1}}.$

Third level equivalent electric circuit as shown in Figure 8, R wherein ₃Be the former limit L of the second transformer T2 ₃Wire resistor and the 3rd capacitor C ₃Series equivalent resistance and the conducting resistance sum of air gap switch SG, the secondary L of the first transformer T1 ₂By voltage doubling rectifing circuit to capacitor C ₃Capacitor C is worked as in charging ₃Voltage when reaching the saturated puncture voltage of air gap switch SG, SG is equivalent to short circuit, capacitor C ₃, L ₃And R ₃Constitute the second order series resonant circuit, C ₄Be the equivalent capacity between two electrodes of HID lamp, circuit equation as the formula (2):

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{L}_3{C}_3\frac{d^2{u}_3}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="dt"\; filenames="S2008101164836E00011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">dt</figure-callout>}}^2}+{\mathrm{MC}}_4\frac{d^2{u}_4}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="dt"\; filenames="S2008101164836E00011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">dt</figure-callout>}}^2}+R_3{C}_3\frac{{\mathrm{du}}_3}{\mathrm{dt}}+u_3\left(t\right)=0\\ L_4{C}_4\frac{d^2{u}_4}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="dt"\; filenames="S2008101164836E00011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">dt</figure-callout>}}^2}+{\mathrm{MC}}_3\frac{d^2{u}_3}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="dt"\; filenames="S2008101164836E00011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">dt</figure-callout>}}^2}+u_4\left(t\right)=0\end{array}\right.$ Formula (2)

With above analysis classes seemingly, can obtain: make the energy transmission efficiency maximum, the second transformer T ₂Former secondary also need to satisfy condition of resonance: ω ₃=ω ₄Be L ₃C ₃=L ₄C ₄, for reaching maximum output voltage, coupling coefficient k=0.6.

The HID lamp is very big to the entire circuit Effect on Performance with the quality of trigger manufacture craft, in manufacturing process, should reasonably determine each parameter value, enables to satisfy the starting characteristic requirement of lamp, can prolong the life-span of lamp simultaneously again to greatest extent.According to simulation result and experimental data, HID lamp of the present invention with in the trigger manufacturing process, is accomplished as far as possible:

1) during wiring, shortens various wire length as far as possible,, improve output voltage to reduce the loss of stray inductance and conductor resistance;

2) should make the driving duty ratio of electronic switch Q as far as possible little (drive duty ratio in the model machine of specific embodiment and be made as 1.3%, frequency 14KHz), make the capacitor C of winning ₁Terminal voltage u ₁Be charged to the maximum of input voltage as far as possible, in addition, for reducing line loss, capacitor C ₁And C ₃Should select the high frequency capacitance of low ESR resistance, (model machine uses the poly-third vinyl film electric capacity of WIMA FKP series, tan δ≤1010 ^-4@100KHz);

3) in the voltage multiplying rectifier part, for reaching good multiplication of voltage effect, the 3rd capacitor C ₃The appearance value should be much larger than second capacitor C ₂The appearance value, (C in the model machine of specific embodiment ₃=1500P, C ₂=150P);

4), should adopt effective insulation measures, as at the second transformer T for to reach the good effect of boosting ₂Former secondary add between insulating sleeve and high-voltage output end and to add isolation channel and prevent the high-pressure side discharge, last, whole device is also used the reliability of epoxy insulation resin embedding with further raising system.

HID electronic lamp trigger model of the present invention makes the first transformer T ₁With the second transformer T ₂Be operated in the high frequency state, greatly reduce the weight and volume of entire circuit, can trigger automatically according to the terminal voltage size of lamp simultaneously, can not cause repeatedly and trigger, improved the stability of system.Among the present invention, give of segment circuit model and the mathematical analysis of HID lamp, feasible its electrical characteristic of research that can be quantitative with trigger.Experiment and simulation result have all proved the correctness of theory among the present invention.

The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. electronic trigger, comprise first transformer, second transformer, the former edge joint of described first transformer is received voltage signal, the secondary trigger output voltage of described second transformer, it is characterized in that, the former limit of described first transformer is in series with first electric capacity, and constitute resonant circuit between the former limit of described first transformer and described first electric capacity, described resonant circuit is provided with electronic switch, described electronic switch is connected with chip, and described chip is controlled the on off state of described electronic switch by the output high-frequency pulse signal;

Described chip receives outside low-frequency square-wave signal, and just determines output or stop to export high-frequency pulse signal according to the voltage of described low-frequency square-wave signal, specifically:

When the voltage of described low-frequency square-wave signal is higher than preset threshold, described chip output high-frequency pulse signal;

When the voltage of described low-frequency square-wave signal was lower than preset threshold, described chip stopped to export high-frequency pulse signal.

2. electronic trigger according to claim 1 is characterized in that described low-frequency square-wave signal is input to described chip by rectification circuit.

3. electronic trigger according to claim 2 is characterized in that described low-frequency square-wave signal is input to described chip by the voltage-stabiliser tube reduction voltage circuit.

4. electronic trigger according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described low-frequency square-wave signal is by behind the rectification circuit, the positive pole of output is connected with described resonant circuit respectively with negative pole, be provided with current-limiting resistance between described positive pole and the described resonant circuit, the value of described current-limiting resistance is greater than 4L ₁/ C ₁, L in the formula ₁Value for the former limit of described first transformer inductance; C ₁Value for described first electric capacity.

5. electronic trigger according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described voltage-stabiliser tube reduction voltage circuit comprises two voltage stabilizing didoes, be connected between the positive pole and negative pole of described rectification circuit output after described two voltage stabilizing didoes series connection, the tie point between described two voltage stabilizing didoes is connected with the input of described chip.

6. electronic trigger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be connected by half-wave voltage doubler between the former limit of the secondary of described first transformer and described second transformer, described half-wave voltage doubler comprises the 3rd electric capacity, the former limit of described the 3rd electric capacity and described second transformer is connected to form resonant circuit, and is provided with air gap switch on this resonant circuit.

7. electronic trigger according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described half-wave voltage doubler comprises second electric capacity, first diode, second diode, and described first diode is in parallel with described the 3rd electric capacity; Described second diode is connected between described first diode and described the 3rd electric capacity; Described second electric capacity is connected between the secondary of described first diode and described first transformer.

8. electronic trigger according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the appearance value of described the 3rd electric capacity is more than or equal to 10 times of the appearance value of described second electric capacity.

9. a HID lamp is characterized in that, this HID lamp is connected with each described electronic trigger of claim 1 to 8.

Images