CN101307618A

CN101307618A - Structural beam system

Info

Publication number: CN101307618A
Application number: CNA2008100904104A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 温琴佐·皮科
Original assignee: VKR Holding AS
Current assignee: VKR Holding AS
Priority date: 2007-03-30
Filing date: 2008-03-31
Publication date: 2008-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2028-03-31
Also published as: EP1978176B1; EP1978176A3; PL1978176T3; EP1978176A2; CN101307618B

Abstract

The invention relates to a load-bearing structure for a building, comprising a first set of beams arranged substantially horizontally and a second set of beams arranged at right angles in relation to the first set of beams, said first and second sets of beams forming a frame, which confines a number of rectangular sections. Each frame section can be occupied by a panel, such as an infill, a window, a door or a solar energy collector. The beams of at least one set is provided with one or more feathers, which in the mounted state, projects at substantially right angles to the frame plane, runs along substantially the entire length of the beam in parallel with the length axis thereof along the side of the beam so that no part of the feather projects above the upper level of the frame, and defines a groove running in parallel with the length axis of beam, the groove being located between the main portion of the beam and the feather. Feathers and grooves may be provided on both sides of the beams. Windows or other types of panels are mounted on the load-bearing structure by fitting grooves in the window frame or mounting brackets secure thereto over the beam feathers.

Description

Structural beam system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of load-carrying members that are used for building, it comprises first group of beam of basic horizontal setting and the second group of beam that meets at right angles and be provided with respect to first group of beam, described first and second groups of beams form framework, this framework defines a plurality of rectangular areas, and each rectangular area can be occupied such as filler, window, door or solar collector by panelling.In addition, the present invention relates to a kind of building enclose components and relate to a kind of method that panelling is installed.

Background technology

The known this system from the half-timbered house, wherein load bearing wall is formed by a plurality of vertical columns, horizontal beam and the oblique strut that forms the load-bearing screen work.Space between these load-bearing Wood members is occupied by the infill panel of generally being made by brickwork or window, door or the like.Described like this half wooden structures can be considered as installing according to the planned use in concrete zone the grid of suitable panelling.This method thereby a kind of system very flexibly is provided, its window, door and similar panelling can very freely be laid and it rearranges in subsequent design relatively easily---when using concrete component, can not rearrange.

Yet it is very high to adopt the house of half wooden structures to trend towards cost.This is because infill panel is to make on the spot, and window and door are by voussoir location and then with nail or screw.Loaded down with trivial details and the labour intensive of this process, and generally must finish by the skilled craftsman.

Summary of the invention

Therefore the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of load-carrying members, wherein can form the zone that the beam frame limits in the mode that more has an economic benefit.

This problem solves by at least one group of beam that is provided with one or more lug bosses according to the present invention, and described lug boss plane with respect to described framework in the state that installs becomes approximate right angle outstanding; And along the sidepiece of described beam, with the length axes of described beam abreast, along approximate whole length extensions of described beam, make described lug boss not project into the part on the upper water plane of described framework; And define the groove of the length axes extension that is parallel to described beam, described groove is between the principal part and described lug boss of described beam.

This structure has allowed by window is located with respect to described lug boss with other panelling described window and other panelling to be located with respect to described framework.Preferably described panelling is provided with groove, can adopt " topngue and groove " technology that described groove is enclosed within on the lug boss, but described lug boss also can be used as the guiding device that is used for various mounting brackets.They also can be configured with groove in its fixed frame for window, and that infill panel can be configured to comprise is heat insulation, the prefabricated panelling of weather barrier etc. and have groove and/or a plurality of mounting bracket that is enclosed within on the beam lug boss.

All Liang Douke are provided with lug boss and groove so that described panelling is especially accurately located, but also advantageously only second group of beam be provided with lug boss and groove, then described panelling can put in place in the guiding lower slider of lug boss.

The beam that limits the framework outside only needs to have lug boss in the side towards limited described zone usually, and other both sides all then advantageously are provided with lug boss and groove towards the beam in panelling zone in both sides.If in two adjacent areas, adopt two kinds of different panellings, then advantageously since lug boss on the both sides and/or groove can be arranged on the different level with respect to frame plane, thereby it can compensate for example difference of fitting depth.Therefore be understandable that the beam in same group can have different structures, comprises the lug boss of varying number.

The size of lug boss and groove depends on that many factors are such as essential intensity and rigidity.For the soft timber beam of the structure types that is generally used for civil building, the width of lug boss in frame plane is approximate 5-30mm, and preferably approximate 5-15mm is more preferably approximate 10mm; And the width of groove in frame plane is approximate 5-30mm, and preferably approximate 10-20mm more preferably is approximate 15mm.

If adopt this load-carrying members in the front, then described beam exposes under the weather effect, and this moment, described beam can advantageously be provided with rhone in the top side with respect to frame plane.According to the material that described beam adopted, described rhone itself can be used as gutter or adopts the flute profile overburden.

Load-carrying members according to the present invention can be used for spacer such as wall, roof or floor.Therefore it can comprise other beam in groups, and described beam meets at right angles with respect to first group of beam and is obliquely installed with respect to second group of beam, and described beam forms two or more uneven frame parts.Be typically frame part that building can comprise two or more inclinations as two faces of pitched roof and frame part that two or more are vertical as exterior wall.

Target of the present invention is further sealed assembly by a kind of building and is realized, the described assembly of sealing is such as being wall or roof component, and it comprises as described above each described load-carrying members in the claim; And the window that occupies the described zone of described framework, described window comprises fixing framework, described fixing framework has the groove that extends along the length axes of at least two parallel framing components, and wherein, described window is installed on by the described groove with described window frame on the described lug boss of described beam of described load-carrying members and is installed on the described load-carrying members.The general category roof window is provided with the groove and these grooves that are used to introduce side liner usually and can be used as the mounting groove that is installed on the lug boss, and this point is described further below.

Be appreciated that term " assembly " and " member " the same with prefabricated units be the ingredient of the building built with conventional method.

Description of drawings

Describe the present invention in detail hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, among the figure:

Fig. 1 is a key diagram, in the mode of solid the building that is made of load-carrying members according to the present invention is shown;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of roof construction;

Fig. 3 a-d is the sectional view that is used for the various beams of structure shown in Figure 2, and the position of each beam marks with circle in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the stereogram of general type roof window, and it can be used as according to panelling of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the stereogram according to first hinge portion of the present invention, relevant with panelling I;

Fig. 6 is the stereogram that first hinge portion shown in Figure 5 is seen from another angle;

Fig. 7 is the exploded perspective view of first hinge portion shown in Figure 5; And

Fig. 8 is the stereogram of second hinge portion;

Fig. 9 is the sectional view on top of the roof window on top, and locking member wherein according to the present invention is in its fastening position;

Figure 10 is and the corresponding sectional view of Fig. 9, but wherein said locking member is in its open position;

Figure 11 is the plan view that shock plate is seen from the bottom;

Figure 12 is the plan view that the part of described locking member is seen from the bottom;

Figure 13 is the plan view that the part of described locking member is seen from top;

Figure 14 is the stereogram of hands-off operation erecton hinge;

Figure 15 is the stereogram that is used for hinge that the operating means member is connected with window frame;

Figure 16 is the plan view that hinge shown in Figure 15 is seen from the side;

Figure 17 is the stereogram that is used to activate the liner of sliding part;

Figure 18 is the stereogram of pawl liner;

Figure 19 is the schematic partial cross-sectional side-elevation view according to a top corner of top of the present invention suspension type window;

Figure 20 represents according to layout of the present invention, that be used for the intermediate frame of panelling II;

Figure 21 is according to lateral view of the present invention, that be used for the hinge means of panelling I;

Figure 22 is the stereogram of the part of sash member;

Figure 23 is the stereogram that is used for the hinge of sidepiece suspension type window;

Figure 24 is the detail perspective view of joint portion before assembling between two framing components of panelling III and IV;

Figure 25 a-e is that joint portion among Figure 24 is at the further stereogram of different assembling stages;

Figure 26 is the sectional view of the joint portion between two roof window of stacked installation in the pitched roof;

Figure 27 is the sectional view of the joint portion between two roof window of stacked installation, shows topmost that is arranged in pitched roof and the foot that is arranged in vertical front;

Figure 28 is the sectional view of foot of window that is connected with the vertical installation of window frame and framework;

Figure 29 a-b is two roof window of stacked installation in the pitched roof and the sectional view of the joint portion between this two windows;

Figure 30 a-b has the vertical window of intermediate member and the stereogram of described intermediate member details, and wherein said intermediate member is used to provide the joint portion that is used for installing the inclination window.

The specific embodiment

Fig. 1 illustrates the building of building by load-carrying members according to the present invention.Structure described in this example is made up of four groups of beams, and wherein first group of 1-1 is level, and it defines building shape in a longitudinal direction; Second group of 1-2 is vertical, and it forms exterior wall; The 3rd group of 1-3 tilts with about 45 angles of spending, and it forms the roof; And the 4th group of 1-4 also is level, and it forms horizontal subdivision 1-5 of portion and balcony 1-6.Certainly, structure shown in Figure 1 only is a sketch, is intended to illustrate the principle of native system.Therefore be understandable that building a complete building also needs more beam, and the angle each other of these beams and the position can great changes have taken place based on building structure.For the sake of clarity and in order to see beam, roof Material, wall material, earth material, gutter etc. are not illustrated.Based on same reason, beam is illustrated as has the square-section, but should be understood that they are provided with according to lug boss of the present invention, show in detail described lug boss among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 a-d.

Space between the described beam forms the zone of being filled by dissimilar panellings; It is filled by dissimilar window I, II, III, IV, V, VI in the current example that illustrates.Yet, be understandable that the panelling that also can adopt other type is such as solar collector, show cabinet, billboard etc., and unfilled zone can be provided with roof Material, wall material and flooring material among Fig. 1, and these materials preferably adopt the form of prefabricated box body.

Beam is provided with lug boss 3-1 as described in shown in Fig. 3 a-d, and it limits cannelure 3-2.When described panelling was installed, these lug bosses and groove were used for cooperating with groove 3-4 or by holding the mounting bracket 3-6 that is connected with the panelling window frame shown in Fig. 3 c described panelling being located by one group of lug boss 3-3 corresponding with the panelling window frame 3-5 shown in Fig. 3 b.According to the mounting method that will adopt, described panelling can be designed for along its any both sides or all four sides are installed on the lug boss.

In Fig. 3 d, the lug boss 3-1 that is positioned at the beam both sides is depicted as with respect to being positioned at different height by the frame plane shown in the dotted line with groove 3-2.This point next-door neighbour described beam two zones in to fill dissimilar panellings---the described lug boss of wherein said panelling and groove or mounting bracket are positioned differing heights with respect to sub-frame---in time, have superiority especially.The zone of the side that example is exactly a beam will be filled and window will be installed in the zone of opposite side with roofing slab.

In addition, shown in Fig. 3 d, described beam can be provided with rhone 3-7 equally, and it is used for rainwater etc. is drained.If adopt the beam of making by extruded aluminium section---often like this, then described groove itself can play the effect of gutter in buildings such as greenhouse.Yet wooden beam---often adopt at civilian or office building, described groove should be provided with overburden if adopt, and described overburden can be made up of plastics, sheet metal or the like.

Also can adopt the beam of other type---for example make and comprise the reinforcing steel profile by the synthetic of steel, concrete or wooden and plastics.This moment lug boss and groove design particularly its relevant size can be with different shown in the accompanying drawing, and cover the rhone of described beam and the necessity of possible other parts may change to some extent.

Particularly when adopting the panelling of installing by mounting bracket, advantageously described beam can be made by following synthetic materials---and described synthetic materials is made up of the plastics that mixed wood fibre.This material combines the multiple advantage of these two kinds of materials, therefore can the same with the situation that adopts timber beam mounting screw directly be hammered in the beam, and has improved humidity resistance.

The roof window of general type usually each framing component, on a side of the inside of the building that described window will be installed, longitudinally comprise groove 3-4.In the conventional mounting operation of roof window, this groove is to be used for holding lining, but aforesaid, and it is suitable for being installed on the lug boss of beam equally very much.

Fig. 4 illustrates such window, and it can be used as according to panelling of the present invention.It comprises fixed frame 4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4 and window frame 4-5,4-6,4-7,4-8, latter's support glass piece 4-16.Described framework and window frame comprise respectively: bottom member 4-2, the 4-6 of level; Paired parallel side member 4-3,4-7; 4-4,4-8; And overhead 4-1, the 4-5 of level.

Described framework and sash member are made by painted pine section bar or by the veneer that scribbles polyurethane usually, but other embodiment also is possible such as all-plastic or aluminium extruded sections.

In most cases window is openable.This moment, described window frame was connected with described framework by in groups hinge means 4-9, and hinge means 4-9 defines hinge axes 4-10, described hinge axes can with described overhead and bottom member or parallel with described side member.Described hinge axes can be at the top, bottom or a side be near described framework and window frame setting, but in the general type roof window its be arranged on usually as shown in Figure 4 overhead and the position intermediate basically between the bottom member.Described hinge axes also can for example displacement by a pair of window frame arm is set on window in opening procedure---as described later, the center of rotation of described hinge axes in opening procedure for example the top from window move to central authorities.

Hinge generally includes first hinge member and second hinge member that is used for fixing to described window frame that is used for fixing to described framework.Each hinge member can be provided with fastening devices such as inserting the embolism in the corresponding hole in described framework and the frame side member respectively.Each hinge member often comprises the substrate with a plurality of holes in addition, and described hole is used for holding the screw or the similar fastener that will be fixed to described framework or sash member.

In order to open and close window, vertical front window and upper suspension formula roof window comprise that the position according to described hinge axes is positioned at the handle on sidepiece sash member or the bottom sash member.Described handle engages by the groove in the retainer on making continuous ratchet and being installed in adjacent framing component, provides the locking effect of described window frame with respect to described framework with this.This class retaining mechanism is known has level bolt (cremone bolt).Usually can be with described window frame with respect to described frame fixation two distinct positions, that is fastening position and vent position.

Central mounting formula roof window opens or closes by the operating means member, and described operating means member can get at from the inboard of window and be usually placed on the sash member of top.Described operating means member is connected with the locking controlling organization that is described further below.

The outside of each framework and sash member prevents the influence of various weather weather by a series of covering members of being made by metal sheet.Described overburden generally includes: hood-like upper cap 4-32, and it is used for cover framework overhead 4-1; Glazing section bar 4-15, it is used to cover the joint between window glass 4-16 and sash member 4-5,4-6,4-7, the 4-8; Sidepiece covering member 4-11, it is used to cover the described dorsad window glass of each frame side member 4-3,4-4 and a side of giving prominence to from the roof (not shown); Side cap member 4-20,4-21, itself and described glazing section bar and sidepiece covering member overlap joint; And a pair of lower cover member 4-12,4-17, it covers the bottom member of described window frame and framework.

If described window is the central mounting formula---most of roof window all are like this, then arrange two side cap members in each side, and side cap member 4-20 is arranged in another side cap member 4-21 top and opens the window allowing.

In order not to be subjected to weather effect, the part that described window and on every side structure---for example roof Material or wall material---are connected with in groups flashing member is connected with the outside of described window frame.Flashing member in groups like this generally includes overhead, bottom member and two side member, and each member is corresponding with one of described sash member respectively, but may the additional flashing member of needs according to the infield.Similarly, can adopt flashing member additional or alternative form when installing with the close window that is connected of another window, this point is described further below.

Described covering member can be connected with sash member with described framework by screw with flashing member, also can be connected with sash member with described framework with the integral type coupling device of the coupling device interlock that is fixed to described window frame or framework by being used for, or by being connected with sash member with described framework with the fixedly connected device of described framework or window frame.If adopt screw or similarity piece, then described framework is looked its material that adopts can include the groove of boring in advance, and the carrying sleeve that setting is made of plastics in the groove is to be used for holding described screw.

Converge between position and described window frame and the framework in position that the cap member converges, at the lower end of lower cap member, at described glazing section bar and window glass containment member is set.

Described window can be fixed to support beam structure by mounting bracket.These supports are formed by metal sheet porose, the band angle is set usually, and described hole is used for ccontaining screw or similar fastener.Can in Figure 22 and 30, see the example of mounting bracket 22-2.

Below will illustrate in greater detail the window I-IV shown in the example of the panelling among Fig. 1.

Panelling I is the roof window according to above standard declaration.This window is characterised in that it is the roof window on the top that horizontally rotates of central mounting formula.It is to be prepared into electric operating that this window also has a feature.Panelling I by scribble plastics (as polyurethane), make based on the core (such as veneer) of timber, and can be applicable to 15 to 90 the degree roof slope.

As described in the standard declaration and as shown in Figure 4, panelling I comprises covering member or cap member; Last cap member 4-20 (being positioned at pivot axis 4-10 top) is fixed to the top of frame side member so that can open described window.

As described in above standard declaration, described window comprises hinge means in groups, that be used for installation activity window frame in described fixed frame.Illustrate in greater detail described hinge means hereinafter with reference to Figure 21 and Fig. 5 to 8.

The hinge means that is used for the window that can pivot has been shown among Figure 21, and it comprises: the first hinge member 21-1, and it has substrate 21-2 and is suitable for being fastened on the unshowned lateral members of described window frame; And the second hinge member 21-3, it also has substrate and is suitable for being fastened on the corresponding window frame lateral members (not shown equally).The hinge means that corresponding still mirror face turning is installed on relative pair of frames and window frame lateral members is to determine described pivot axis.

On the substrate 21-2 of the first hinge member 21-1, fixedly has the plate 21-6 of arc-shaped hole from a distance by rivet or screw 21-5 and with substrate 21-2; In the moment of the opening and closing campaign of described window, described arc-shaped hole is formed for guiding device or the guide groove 21-7 of the slide rail 21-8 on the second hinge member 21-3, described slide rail 21-8 and guiding device or guide groove 21-7 basically identical.Slide rail 21-8 pivotally is connected with the substrate 21-4 of the second hinge member 21-3 by hinge pin 21-9, and described substrate 21-4 has pilot pin 21-10 in addition, and its function will be explained later.

The convex side of guide groove 21-7 or wall 21-11 also comprise the one or more diskwares that are arranged between plate 21-6 and the substrate 21-2 except plate 21-6, and it is formed for the abutment face of pilot pin 21-8 and pilot pin 21-10 with described plate; And at concave side, between plate 21-6 and substrate 21-2, insert the spring assembly comprise leaf spring 21-12, its folding end hook on the outer rivet 21-5 of this side and its degree of crook make its middle part stretch in the described guide groove less than guide groove 21-7.

In position shown in Figure 21, the open angles that the window window frame and the second hinge member 21-3 spend from the position flare extremely about 135 of closing---for example be the situation that the outside of window is cleaned at this moment.

The operating principle of hinge shown in Figure 21 is corresponding with following operating principle with reference to the described pivot hinge of Fig. 5-7.

Fig. 5-7 shows an alternate embodiments of described hinge, and the described first hinge member 5-100 that wherein is connected with described framework comprises three critical pieces, i.e. base component, overhead and intermediate member 7-130.

Described base component comprises substrate 7-101, and substrate 7-101 has the fastener of the form that adopts above-described hole 5-102 and embolism 7-103.In addition, described substrate is provided with track 7-104, and the shape of the guide groove of its shape and described intermediate member (hereinafter will illustrate in greater detail) is basic identical.Described track is surrounded by sagging part 7-105 and sloping portion 7-106.

Described overhead comprises plate member 7-110 and disk shaped part 7-120, and the latter inserts between described plate member and the described intermediate member.Described plate member comprises the arc track 7-111 with recess side 7-112 and convex side 7-113, and described plate member is extended between arrival end 7-114 and bottom 7-115.In addition, described track has been determined open area 7-116, and its recess side at described track is opened wide.Between described arrival end and described open area, described plate member has the bridge areas as there 7-117 that crosses over gap between described recess side and the convex side.

In the lower part, the position of for example upper and lower, left and right that had in Fig. 7 with reference to some members is described.Because described hinge means can be taked other orientation in its installation site, therefore this reference only is to make for appropriate illustrative purposes.

Described intermediate member 7-130 comprises bottom parts 7-131, and the scope of its extension is corresponding with the main part of the substrate that forms described base component.Form the leader 7-132 of projection at the upside of bottom parts 7-131.The right-hand member of the leader of described projection combines with the upright 7-135 of wall portion.The height of described upright wall portion is corresponding with the distance between described base component and the overhead.Contiguous described upstanding wall portion is formed with coating support section 7-134, and coating support section 7-134 is used for holding the fastener screw for example that is used to support described coating, and described coating is used for protecting described framework weatherproof as mentioned above.Form guide block part 7-137 in the left side of described bottom parts, it forms the part of the recess side of described guide groove.In addition, described intermediate member has the 7-137 of another upstanding wall portion, its effect be the described guide groove of protection for example do not allow finger and/dust enters.

Described intermediate member is provided with a plurality of through hole 7-136, and described intermediate member is connected with overhead with described base component by a plurality of rivet 7-140 that extend through described through hole.

Described base component and described overhead are made by metal alloy, and described intermediate member is made of plastics the member into one.

In order to provide braking action in the moving process of described window frame with respect to described framework, leaf spring 7-125 is positioned to make its folding end hook on the most external of described rivet.Described leaf spring is by making through the surface-treated spring steel.According to desired braking effect, described spring can have other form.

Referring now to Fig. 8, the described second hinge member 8-200 comprises substrate 8-201, and substrate 8-201 has a plurality of hole 8-202 and has a plurality of embolisms at its back side.Described hole is used to hold fastener such as screw, and described embolism then is used for being inserted in the respective aperture of frame side member.In addition, second hinge member has and is used for device 8-204 that the coating of protecting described window frame is provided support.

This second hinge member also comprises drive pin 8-209, pilot pin 8-210 and slide rail 8-220.Independent sleeve pipe 8-210b is set as wearing layer on described pilot pin.Described slide rail has first area 8-220a, and the starting point of first area 8-220a is the hinge pin 8-221 that is connected with described substrate.Described slide rail also has second area 8-220b, and it is arc basically.Near the free end of described slide rail, be provided with the barrier structure of the form that is pin 8-230.Described pin can move between two end positions horizontal along described guide rail.

When with described window from open very big position when closing, in the initial period of closing movement, described window frame pivots around hinge pin 8-221; In the ensuing stage of closing movement, pilot pin 8-210 and slide rail successively move in described guide groove then.Pilot pin 8-210 and/or slide rail 8-220 and leaf spring 7-125 are frictionally engaged, thereby the braking action of described window frame with respect to the closing movement of described framework is provided.Described braking action makes: in specific open angle interval, described window frame can rest on the open angle of an expectation so that ventilation to be provided with respect to described framework.

Almost 180 degree can overturn described window frame---for example in order to clean to the outside of described window.Therefore slide rail 8-220 and pilot pin 8-210 at described guide groove intrinsic displacement up to pin 8-230 against bridging part 7-117.Described then window frame further pivots, thereby pilot pin 8-210 shifts out described guide groove up to the open angle that obtains expectation at open area 7-116.

The roof window on this class top comprises that further thereby a barrel bolt that is arranged in sash member is with a corresponding pipe sleeve pipe (by contrast, panelling II and III respectively comprise two barrel bolts and sleeve pipe) that is arranged in framing component to be fixed on described window frame the above-mentioned almost outside of the position described window easy to clean of reversing.

With the lower part with reference to Fig. 9 to 18.

Be provided with the gap to reserve the space that is used for locking member and ventilation between the overhead 9-8 of framework and the overhead 9-2 of window frame.Described locking member comprises: shock plate 11-7, and it has the fixing and locking spare 11-71 that is fixed to framing component 9-8; With housing 9-4, it is fixed to sash member 9-2 and relative with shock plate 11-7.

Described shock plate 11-7 all is made of plastics.The inboard of the fixing and locking spare 11-71 of described shock plate forms along curve sliding, that extend continuously and is beneficial to moving of pallet piece 12-6, will illustrate in greater detail described pallet piece below.

Described housing 9-4 has encased two pallet piece 12-6, and each pallet piece all is attached to described housing by holding pin 12-64.A part of 13-6 ' of each ratchet is outstanding by the groove 13-41 in the housing 9-4, and described pallet piece is arranged to its ledge 13-6 ' and can be moved between locked position and unlocked position in described groove 13-41; Wherein, at locked position, described ledge 13-6 ' is suitable for and described independent fixing and locking spare 11-71 locked engagement, and at unlocked position, described ledge 13-6 ' is suitable for unclamping to allow window to open from described locked engagement state.

Described groove 13-41 has the shape of circular arc, and its radius of curvature is identical with the radius of curvature and the length of the mobile route of pallet piece 13-6 ' with length, and described pallet piece 13-6 ' mobile in described groove 13-41 is the rotation around holding pin 12-64.

The inboard that described window is connected with window frame overhead 9-2 is provided with operating means member 9-1.When pull operation device 9-1 when opeing the window, the actuating sliding part 10-3 that groove 13-42 in housing 9-4 gives prominence to is to the medial movement of described window, and operating means member 9-1 is connected through manipulator arm 13-5 by operating means hinge 14-1a with actuating sliding part 10-3.Described operating means hinge 14-1a is made of metal, and when being used for panelling I but not encase by one deck stuffing box packing 14-1b under the situation of other panelling.

Simultaneously, the other end of the groove 13-41 of pallet piece 13-6 ' in housing 9-4 is displaced to unlocked position from locked position, pallet piece 12-6 is connected with actuating sliding part 10-3 through locking controlling organization 12-43,12-44,12-45, described controlling organization engages arm system by the connecting rod in the described housing to be formed, as hereinafter illustrating.Pallet piece 13-6 ' therefore breaks away from and engaging from the outstanding fixing and locking spare 11-71 of shock plate 11-7.Groove 13-41,13-42 among the housing 9-4---pallet piece 13-6 ' and actuating sliding part 10-3 are outstanding through it---play the effect of guiding device.

When closing window, pallet piece 13-6 ' engages with the fixing and locking member 11-71 of shock plate 11-7 and therefore is pressed towards the side, moves to described locked position along groove 13-41.Moving through locking controlling organization 12-43,12-44,12-45 of pallet piece 12-6 is passed to actuating sliding part 10-3, and will activate the position that sliding part 10-3 is pulled to described further away from each other window inboard along the direction away from described window inboard.Be positioned at pallet piece 13-6 ' at this moment shock plate 11-7 fixing and locking spare 11-71 the back thereby locked described window.

Activating sliding part 10-3 and pallet piece 12-6 is connected to each other through described locking controlling organization 12-43,12-44,12-45, described controlling organization is made up of the system of spring-loading connecting rod engaging arms 12-43,12-44,12-45, and it forces actuating sliding part 10-3 progressively to move between three prepositions that is locked position, unlocked position and middle vent position, and described pallet piece only moves between the two positions.

In order to obtain thermal loss ventilation seldom, the window with aforementioned locking member can be by placing described centre position with described actuating sliding part and opening a little.Because the effect of described locking controlling organization, described actuating sliding part moving between its locked position and its vent position can not influence described pallet piece.

Owing on the current path between framework 9-8 and the sash member 9-2, shock plate and housing have been installed respectively, therefore can described window have been opened and closed at locked position by the pivoted covering member that forms by described operating means member 9-1.

Operating means member 9-1 is connected with sash member 9-2 by hinge 15-9.Described hinge is made up of two hinge member 15-91,15-92, described two hinge members are connected with top sash member 9-2 with operating means member 9-1 respectively, and by being connected to each other through the outstanding pivot 15-93 of back edge 15-94, the 15-95 of the bending of described two hinge members.Pivot 15-93 is provided with the plastic coating 16-96 that prevents direct contact between pivot 15-93 and hinge member 15-91, the 15-92.

Described locking member further comprises the noise reduction liner.Described noise reduction liner comprises sliding part liner 17-31 and a pair of pawl liner 18-61.

Each pawl liner setting is used for preventing respectively between steady pin 12-64 and the housing 9-4 and the direct contact between pallet piece 12-6 and the housing 9-4.Its global shape is an isosceles triangle, wherein apex 18-62 encases holding pin 12-64, the angle in the circular arc zone of groove 13-41 covering is corresponding angle between the outstanding two legs portion of apex 18-62 and the described housing, wherein this two legs portion extends beyond described leg-of-mutton the 3rd limit 18-63, extension 18-65 is as the distolateral liner of described groove, and wherein said leg-of-mutton the 3rd limit 18-63 is with the radius of curvature bending identical with groove 13-41, with the liner towards the side of apex 18-62 as groove.In order to keep described liner to fix with respect to steady pin 12-64, described liner can have one or more keepers or connector.

Sliding part liner 17-31 prevents to activate sliding part 10-3 and directly contacts with manipulator arm 13-5 with described housing, spring-loading arm 12-43.Described sliding part liner has: pedestal 17-311, and it is against spring-loading arm 12-43; Outstanding limit 17-312, its as with the contact surface of described housing; The projection 17-313 that a pair of groove 13-42 in described housing is outstanding; And contiguous block 17-314, it stretches in the described actuating sliding part and prevents and described operating means arm contact.In order to give described sliding part liner slot milling, groove 13-42 can form the groove of being wider than a little in traditional locking member, so that the effective width of described groove is approximate identical.

Described liner is made by the plastics with sufficient intensity and anti-wear performance.

Be not difficult to find out that from Fig. 9 strainer remains on the aforementioned hood-like cap of going up by strainer track and strainer clip, with the flow through air of the described current path between top frame and the top sash member of filtration.

This window is only by the operation of described control member, and different with panelling II and III be not comprise handle (cremone type handle), below will describe panelling II and III.

Panelling II is the roof window on the top consistent with the explanation of the standard declaration of above-mentioned roof window and panelling I.Yet panelling II below will describe a lot of local different with panelling I.

The feature of panelling II is that mainly it is the roof window on the top of top suspension type level pivot.In the embodiment shown, described window makes and is applicable to be the roof slope of 20 to 25 degree by the veneer that scribbles polyurethane; Yet, adopt special spring (hereinafter described spring will be described) can make its roof slope that is suitable for rise to 65 degree.

Another difference comprises cap member 4-2, opens in order to make described window can wind the axis that is limited by its top hinge, and the described cap member 4-2 that goes up is fixed to the intermediate frame arm, hereinafter will be described in more detail this.

With the lower part with reference to Figure 19.

Concerning this class window, the first hinge member 5-100 of above-mentioned hinge means is fixed on the framing component but is fixed on the member of described intermediate frame.

Described intermediate frame constitutes the support to the pivoted window frame of described loading glass.The described window frame that pivots generally is connected with described intermediate frame by the top shutoff device, therefore work in the common operation of described hinge in the process of the opening and closing of described framework, and functions of pivoting is mainly used in the outside of the described glass of cleaning.Described intermediate frame in the present embodiment and load hinged and above-mentioned hinged different between the window frame of glass, difference is that first hinge member does not have the base component of reality.On the contrary, described intermediate member directly is fixed to described intermediate frame, therefore forms an integral member that can realize the function of above-mentioned intermediate member and base component.Described integral member all is made of plastics.

Described intermediate frame is all supported by a plurality of lift arm 19-5 in each side, one end of described a plurality of lift arms and described window frame are can the pivot mode being connected, and the other end of a plurality of lift arms and sliding shoe 19-6 to be can the pivot mode being connected, and described sliding shoe can vertically moving along the guide rail 19-7 on the last side that is positioned at described framework.Sliding shoe 19-6 has hook-shaped groove 19-8 in its side towards lift arm 19-5, and hook-shaped groove 19-8 is used for engaging with connector 19-9.Described connector is a U-shaped, and is arranged in such a way in its installation site: the lateral pin 19-9a that the branching portion of U-shaped is positioned at respectively between the branching portion of the both sides of sliding shoe 19-6 and described U-shaped can engage with described groove.The upper end of pull bar 19-10 extends through the hole in the bottom of described connector and has the head 19-10a that is resisted against on the described bottom.Described guide rail has the bottom 19-7a that firmly is connected with the top of spring box 19-11 in its lower end away from hinge 19-2, described spring box 19-11 has the U-shaped cross section and guides auxiliary spring 19-12.The bottom of described spring box constitutes the bearing on the top that promotes spring 19-13, and described lifting spring 19-13 has the sleeve 19-15 of band nut 19-16 in its bottom.By upwards being screwed towards the upper end of described pull bar, nut 19-16 can be depressed into desired value in advance with promoting spring.

Spring box 19-11 has the recess 19-17a that is used to hold freely movable bearing 19-18 at it near in the wall of top 19-11a.A plurality of continuous recess 19-17b are arranged below recess 19-17a in the wall of spring box 19-11, and it also is suitable for holding freely movable bearing 19-18.The bottom of auxiliary spring 19-12 leans against on another bearing 19-19 that fixes with respect to pull bar 19-10, and auxiliary spring 19-12 can be depressed into desired value in advance by freely movable bearing 19-18 is moved to another recess 19-17b from a recess 19-17a, make spring 19-12 be compressed between bearing 19-18, the 19-19.

This class window comprises aforesaid handle (cremone type).Described handle is positioned on the sash member of bottom.This is used for the common operation of described window, promptly winds the rotation that is formed by its top hinge and opens and closes described window.Yet handle (cremone type) must be in disengaged state so that can operate described window by described control member.

Panelling III is the roof window on the top consistent with the explanation of the standard declaration of above-mentioned roof window and above panelling II.Yet panelling III below will describe a lot of local different with panelling II.

The feature of panelling III is that mainly it has formed the top of roof balcony, therefore, the framework of panelling III and the difference of standard card cage are: because described window can be used as the member on the top that forms described roof balcony, so it does not have the base of frame member---because if there is bottom member will block from the inside of building to the clear passage of necessity of roof balcony.

The pine section bar that this class window has been undertaken coating by the surface is made, and is applicable to the roof slope of 35 to 53 degree.

The roof window of bottom---corresponding to panelling IV, V and the VI of Fig. 1---have roof window respectively with aforesaid top---corresponding to panelling III, II and the I of Fig. 1---identical frame-generic/window frame structure.

Therefore, the window frame of following panelling also can be movable or fixing with respect to described framework.

As the example of panelling IV, should consider to have the roof window of the bottom of movable window frame, the roof window of the bottom that can be opened.The framework of this roof window and window frame structure be separately and described framework do not comprise overhead.In the situation as example, described framework and window frame are all made by pine.

Referring to Figure 22, the parallel vertical member of described framework comprises: the cannelure 22-1 that is suitable for holding mounting bracket 22-2; And two sleeve pipes, each sleeve pipe all is provided with threaded insert 22-3.Insert 22-3 is suitable for holding and adjusts screw 22-4, adjusts screw 22-4 and is used for accurately locating described roof window.

The horizontal bottom member preferably by than the more durable material of the remainder of described framework for example hardwood make, this is because this member plays for example effect of the doorsteps of balcony of leading to.The horizontal bottom member further comprises two sleeve pipes, and each sleeve pipe all is provided with threaded insert 22-3.Insert 22-3 is suitable for holding and adjusts screw 22-4, adjusts screw 22-4 and is used for accurately locating described roof window.

The connecting and necessary for this reason member of appropriate section of parallel vertical framework and the roof window on top below will be described.

Described movable window frame is that sidepiece hangs.With reference to Figure 23, one of parallel side portions member of described window frame 23-1 is provided with hinge in groups, and a hinge 23-2 only is shown among the figure.Each hinge all comprises two hinge members, and a hinge member 23-3 is connected with described window frame and another hinge member 23-4 (not shown) on adjacent framing component.The hinge member 23-3 that is connected with described window frame is single member and is the angle bar shape, its half 23-5 is suitable for being connected with the outer part that faces of described side member, and it is columniform sleeve pipe 23-7 substantially that second half 23-6 is provided with, and Open Side Down to see it from direction shown in Figure 23.Corresponding hinge member 23-4 except comprise be used to replace described sleeve pipe 23-4, be the columniform pin 23-8 basically, other are identical with hinge member 23-3; Wherein, described pin 23-8 is parallel to by the framework of hinge 23-2 connection and the length axes extension of sash side members.Described pin 23-8 inserts among the sleeve pipe 23-7, and makes two hinge member 23-3,23-4 to pivot relative to each other.

The relative parallel side portions member of described window frame and framework is respectively arranged with the retaining mechanism (cremone type) of difference handle as previously discussed and correspondence to operate the opening and closing of described window frame.

About described framework, the current of two parallel side portions members is that the end 24-1 that is open upwards is cut sth. askew to comprise most advanced and sophisticated 24-2, and the outside 24-3 of described framework slightly is partial at this tip.The gradient of the oblique cutting part 24-4 that tilts to the outside of described framework 24-3 is bigger than the oblique cutting part 24-5 that 24-6 to the inside tilts.

Similarly, for the corresponding panelling of going up, described framework and window frame structure be separately and described framework do not comprise bottom member.Similarly, current be downward opened end portions 24-7 with described panelling down on the corresponding 24-1 of portion cut sth. askew in the same manner.The purpose that the described oblique cutting part of described framing component is set is to make described panelling relative to each other can install at a certain angle.

The described end 24-1 that is open upwards of described framework comprises and is fixed on the lip-deep device 24-8 (referring to Figure 24) of described window frame dorsad in addition.Described device 24-8 with described on related device 24-9 on the respective face of downward opened end portions 24-7 of corresponding two parallel side portions members of panelling be connected.

The device 24-8 that is arranged on the described end 24-1 that is open upwards of described framework can be a U-shaped for example, utilizes screw etc. that the bottom 24-10 of U-shaped is connected with corresponding device.For this reason, described U-shaped device/support is provided with screwed hole 24-11 in groups.Described in addition U-shaped device/support is provided with recess 24-12, makes that the projection on the inboard of described device 24-8 will engage with the respective recess 24-13 among the described related device 24-9.Relevant with 24-14 with oblique cutting part 24-5 respectively in addition openend 24-1,24-7 comprise recess 24-15 and 24-16 respectively, and its shape is the keyway along its longitudinal axis five equilibrium basically.

Referring now to Figure 25 a-25e, recess 24-15 and 24-16 are arranged so that the top 25-1 of keyway and 25-2 respectively near the some 25-3 of corresponding open end 24-1 and 24-7, and arrange along gradient less described oblique cutting part 24-5 and 24-14 respectively.With reference to figure 25a and 25b, described recess is arranged to: when described upper and lower panelling was arranged in its predetermined installation site at an angle to each other, described recess abut against each other to form complete keyway shape.When being arranged in described position, be the support 25-4 that the recess of keyway shape will hold the respective shapes shown in Figure 25 b at this moment, described support is fixed to recess with screw etc.With reference to figure 25c, d and e, arrange that at last the joint between the panelling connects one group of covering member to cover up and down.Described one group of covering member comprises: the member 25-5 that covers described key-way shape support 25-4; Cover two the member 25-6 and the 25-7 of the upper and lower part of described connecting portion respectively; And the supporting member 25-8 that is arranged in member 25-6 and 25-7 below.

As the example of this class A of geometric unitA that is known as panelling V and VI, should consider to have the roof window of the bottom of fixed window frame, i.e. the roof window of the bottom that can not open.Window frame in this roof window and framework are provided as the member of an one.At this, as example, the window frame/frame construction of the integral type of two roof window is all made by the pine that scribbles polyurethane.

Except described window frame and framework one, identical with counterpart respectively as the roof window on the corresponding top of the example of panelling II and I as the roof window of the bottom of the example of panelling V and VI---except described framework respectively towards described last horizontal component 27-1 and the 26-1 that goes up panelling.With reference to Figure 27 and 26, this surface comprises cut-out 27-2 and the 26-2 that extends along the whole length direction of described wall respectively.The U-shaped that cut-out 27-2 and 26-2 are arranged to keep flat, but do not go up leg.Be provided with the recess and the hole that are used to hold with fastening gutter shape flashing member in this cut-out, will be described below.

Roughly as shown in Figure 1, being suitable for fixed down panelling can be installed together with last panelling, makes described panelling or be provided with in each other the extension plane in described roof plan---promptly descend the situation of panelling VI; Perhaps relative to each other angledly make described down panelling be installed in the wall vertically and the described panelling of going up is installed in the roof structure---promptly descend the situation of panelling V.

Get back to schematic roof window, when the roof window on the roof window of bottom and top will be installed (the panelling VI of Fig. 1) in extension plane each other in described roof plan, described external surface as shown in Figure 26 further comprises a plurality of sleeve pipe 26-3, it is suitable for holding screw 26-4 etc., and described screw is used for passing surperficial 26-5 that described panelling leans on each other mutually and the roof window of upper and lower part is fixed together.

In the situation that the roof window on the roof window of bottom and top will be installed at an angle to each other (the panelling V of Fig. 1), the window frame/frame construction of the described one of the roof window of described bottom as shown in figure 28 further has subsidiary flashing member 28-1,28-2,28-3 the bottom member of framework 28-5 on the side of outside; And on the downside of described bottom member 28-5, has the subsidiary Wood member 28-6 of being convenient to installation process.

When the panelling of the above-mentioned type is closely arranged up and down, need special flashing member and may need covering member so that described junction surface is not subjected to weather effect.Figure 29 a shows such example, Figure 29 a be illustrate as shown in Figure 1, closely be installed on the sectional view of the panelling I of panelling VI top.After with panelling I and VI installation spaced from each other, to be provided with on the panelling I and the corresponding bottom of the flashing member 29-1 flashing member that is used on the panelling VI, and will be provided with on the panelling VI and the corresponding top of the flashing member 29-2 flashing member that is used on the panelling I.Yet these two flashing members are replaced by hood-like flashing member 29-3 in current device, and it is directed to rainwater etc. on the sidepiece flashing member (not shown) that is provided with along the sidepiece sash member of panelling IV.Thereby be provided with other covering member 29-4 in addition and prevent that to cover hood-like flashing member 29-3 it is full of snow, leaf etc. and gives a kind of aesthetic more joyful outward appearance of described window.This hood-like flashing member can be understood from for example WO2004/055291.

Figure 27 illustrates panelling II and V in the details of the connection between when installing up and down close to each other as shown in Figure 1.Here also be provided with other covering member 27-3 and be used to cover described connection, but do not need other flashing member.

This covering member 30-1 is being shown specifically shown in Figure 30 a and in Figure 30 b.It comprises and is suitable for covering the following panelling seen from the inboard and the front piece 30-2 of the connecting portion between the last panelling.Described front piece 30-2 forms the near normal with intermediate member 30-3, described intermediate member 30-3 be suitable for be assemblied on whole length of described framing component described between the respective frame member of panelling and following panelling.Described intermediate member 30-3 its towards on the surface be provided with band 30-4.Described intermediate member this towards on the surface on and with described front piece 30-2 facing surfaces on also be provided with the recess (not shown), this recess is suitable for holding flashing member.Other recess (not shown equally) is set on the prone surface of described intermediate member, and it is suitable for engaging the respective recess on the adjacent surface of the described last horizontal frame member of panelling down.Described in addition intermediate member is provided with the sleeve pipe that is used for holding screw 30-5 etc., and described screw is used for described covering member is fastened to the described upper frame members 30-6 of panelling down.Covering member 30-1 described in this situation is applicable to the roof slope of 15 degree to 55 degree.

The sidepiece flashing member that provides for each window when side by side window being installed as shown in Figure 1 can overlap mode be arranged, but preferably adopt the public sidepiece flashing member (not shown) in U-shaped cross section, wherein the vertical shank of each of U-shaped is resisted against on the sidepiece sash member of each window.

More than also be suitable for the panelling of other type about the consideration relevant with waterproof with the covering of window, these panellings also are not used in the purpose of weather shielding---solar collector for example.

Claims

1. load-carrying members that are used for building, it comprises first group of beam of basic horizontal setting and the second group of beam that meets at right angles and be provided with respect to described first group of beam, described first group of beam and described second group of beam form framework, described framework defines a plurality of rectangular areas, each described rectangular area can be occupied such as filler, window, door or solar collector by panelling, it is characterized in that at least one group of described beam is provided with one or more lug bosses:

In the state that installs, described lug boss becomes approximate right angle outstanding with respect to the plane of described framework;

Described lug boss along the sidepiece of described beam, with the length axes of described beam abreast, along approximate whole length extensions of described beam, make described lug boss not project into the part on the upper water plane of described framework; And

Described lug boss defines the groove of the length axes extension that is parallel to described beam, and described groove is between the principal part and described lug boss of described beam.

2. load-carrying members as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, all beams all are provided with described lug boss and described groove.

3. load-carrying members as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, only described second group of beam is provided with described lug boss and described groove.

4. each described load-carrying members in the claim as described above is characterized in that one or more described beams are provided with described lug boss and described groove in both sides.

5. load-carrying members as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described lug boss on the both sides and/or described groove are positioned on the different height with respect to the plane of described framework.

6. each described load-carrying members in the claim as described above is characterized in that the width of described lug boss in the plane of described framework is about 5-30mm, and preferably about 5-15mm more preferably is about 10mm.

7. each described load-carrying members in the claim as described above is characterized in that the width of described groove in the plane of described framework is about 5-30mm, and preferably about 10-20mm more preferably is about 15mm.

8. each described load-carrying members in the claim as described above is characterized in that one or more described beams are being provided with rhone from the top side of seeing with respect to the plane of described framework.

9. each described load-carrying members in the claim as described above, it is characterized in that the 3rd group of beam, described the 3rd group of beam meets at right angles with respect to described first group of beam and is provided with and is obliquely installed with respect to described second group of beam, and described beam forms two uneven frame parts.

10. a building is sealed assembly, such as wall or roof component, comprises

Each described load-carrying members in the claim as described above; And

Occupy the window in a zone of described framework, described window comprises fixing framework, and described fixing framework has the groove that extends along the length axes of at least two parallel framing components, and

Wherein, described window is installed on by the described groove with described window frame on the described lug boss of described beam of described load-carrying members and is installed on the described load-carrying members.

11. one kind is installed to method on the load-carrying members with panelling such as window,

Wherein, described load-carrying members comprise first group of beam of basic horizontal setting and the second group of beam that meets at right angles and be provided with respect to described first group of beam, described first group of beam and described second group of beam form framework, described framework defines a plurality of rectangular areas, and at least one group of described beam is provided with one or more lug bosses; Described lug boss plane with respect to described framework in the state that installs becomes approximate right angle outstanding, and described lug boss along the sidepiece of described beam, with the length axes of described beam abreast, along approximate whole length extensions of described beam, make described lug boss not project into the part on the upper water plane of described framework; And described lug boss defines the groove that the length axes that is parallel to described beam is extended, described groove between the principal part and described lug boss of described beam,

Wherein, described panelling is arranged in the zone of described framework, and described panelling comprises the fixed frame with groove, and described groove extends along the length axes of two parallel framing components at least, and

Wherein, described panelling is installed on by the described groove with described sub-frame on the described lug boss of described beam of described load-carrying members and is installed on the described load-carrying members.