Embodiment
Process for treating high ammonia nitrogen waste water of the present invention, its preferable embodiment is to comprise step:
At first, add soda-lime and bubbling air in the waste water that need are handled, the use precipitator method are removed the metal ion in the waste water; Then, in waste water, add Na
2CO
3, the use precipitator method are removed the calcium ion in the waste water.
Afterwards, remove ammonia nitrogen in the waste water etc. by electrochemical oxidation.In the practical application, the operating voltage of electrochemical oxidation and time can be selected according to actual needs.
At last, in waste water, add acid, waste water is neutralized to neutrality, reach emission standard.Added acid can be sulfuric acid or other acid etc.
High ammonia-nitrogen wastewater treatment system of the present invention, its preferable embodiment comprises that the metal ion that connects is successively removed device (3,6), calcium ion is removed device (7,9), scale prevention device 10, electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus 11, neutralising arrangement 15 etc. as shown in Figure 1.Wherein,
Metal ion is removed device and is comprised mixing pit 3, first settling tank 6, and mixing pit 3 is connected with lime throwing device 4 and pneumatic tube 5.
Calcium ion is removed device and is comprised tubular mixer 7, and the inlet of tubular mixer 7 is connected with Na
2CO
3The chemical feed pipe 8 of adding set, the outlet of tubular mixer 7 are connected with second settling tank 9.
Settling tank 6,9 can be the labyrinth inclined-plate clarifying basin, and the labyrinth inclined-plate clarifying basin can comprise swash plate, and a side of swash plate is provided with a plurality of fins, and the below of swash plate and fin is provided with the mud district, and the mud district is provided with shore pipe.
Scale prevention device 10 can be full-automatic electronic scale inhibition instrument.
Electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus 11 comprises electrochemical oxidation device 13, and the inlet of electrochemical oxidation device 13 is provided with reverse flow inclined-plate clarifying basin 12, and the outlet of electrochemical oxidation device is provided with secondary reaction pond 14.
The middle part of reverse flow inclined-plate clarifying basin 12 is provided with polylith reverse flow swash plate, the top of reverse flow swash plate is a clear water zone, the below of reverse flow swash plate is provided with the mud district, the mud district is provided with shore pipe, one side of reverse flow inclined-plate clarifying basin is provided with distribution reservoir, and distribution reservoir communicates with the following side space of reverse flow swash plate by perforation plate.
Total system of the present invention can realize control automatically by the PLC control device.
Process for treating high ammonia nitrogen waste water of the present invention and system at containing the higher heavy metal ion of concentration in the Metal smelting industry waste water, have developed the pretreatment unit that precipitated metal is removed; For high-concentration ammonia nitrogenous wastewater, especially contain the waste water of ammonia nitrogen concentration greater than 500mg/L, developed incorporate electrochemical oxidation nitrogen rejection facility.Mainly be used in the Metal smelting industry, remove efficient height, reduced investment, simple to operate, non-secondary pollution, also can carry out simple modifications at the waste water feature of different industries, thereby realize effectively operation, as be used for numerous industries such as agricultural chemicals and chemical industry, and be applied in the same effect that can obtain of Metal smelting field of wastewater.
Technological process and principle that the present invention is main are:
The high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater that the Metal smelting industry produces is after overregulating, under the effect of lift pump, the process precipitated metal is removed device successively, calcium ion is removed device, scale prevention device, electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus, neutralising arrangement, and the processing through these flow processs finally reaches qualified discharge.
Waste water at first enters equalizing tank, and the effect of equalizing tank is the water quality and the water yield of regulating waste water, and the equalizing tank water outlet enters lift pump, and waste water is risen to certain height, and the waste water that comes out in the lift pump enters follow-up processing structures by run by gravity.At first enter precipitated metal and remove device, precipitated metal is removed device and is comprised mixing pit and settling tank, use lime throwing device in mixing pit, to add soda-lime, waste water and lime thorough mixing in mixing pit, the pH of waste water rises to alkalescence, the reaction shown in OH-and the metal ion generating polynomial (1-1) in the solution at this moment:
M
n++OH
-→?M(OH)
n↓(1-1)
The solids precipitation that produces enters settling tank with current, in settling tank gravity settling takes place and is removed.Settling tank can adopt the labyrinth inclined-plate clarifying basin, and swash plate can be made with the non-toxic polyvinyl chloride material, and swash plate has fin, and the adding of fin forms three zones, i.e. main flow area, vortex cavity, circulating-area after making lateral current enter settling tank.Three regional water stream modes have nothing in common with each other, and its flow velocity is also different.Bigger particle, is difficult for sedimentary particle and is forced to bring into the vortex cavity sedimentation by sedimentation at main flow area.As contain and more be difficult for the not sedimentation of settled particle in the vortex cavity, then enter circulating-area because the circulating-area flow velocity is extremely slow, so particle near under laminar flow regime, being removed, this also is the major cause that inclined-plate clarifying basin of the present invention has the good separation effect.This method remove metal ion have simple to operate, remove the high advantage of efficient.Sedimentary particle enters the mud district of settling tank below, sludge pipe by perforation is collected, and adopts the hydrostaticpressure spoil disposal at last, and the mud level meter of spoil disposal time at the bottom of by the pond controlled spoil disposal automatically, when the mud position reached design height, Controlling System opens solenoid valve door carried out spoil disposal.
Settling tank go out the current direction calcium ion remove device, owing to added soda-lime, the calcium ion concn in the solution can increase, thereby the possibility of fouling in the subsequent processes is increased.In order to reduce the possibility of fouling in the treatment system, the present invention has increased calcium ion and has removed device, and calcium ion is removed device and comprised tubular mixer and labyrinth inclined-plate clarifying basin.In tubular mixer, add Na
2CO
3, thorough mixing, the reaction that is taken place is suc as formula shown in (1-2):
CO
3 2-+Ca
2+→CaCO
3↓(1-2)
The precipitation of calcium carbonate that generates flows into the labyrinth inclined-plate clarifying basin with water, and this inclined-plate clarifying basin has identical structure with previous inclined-plate clarifying basin, and precipitation of calcium carbonate is removed because of gravity settling.
In order further to prevent the calcium ion fouling, the present invention has increased scale prevention device, and labyrinth inclined-plate clarifying basin water outlet enters scale prevention device.What scale prevention device adopted is full-automatic electronic scale inhibition instrument, and its principle of design integrates the compound incrustation scale problem that solves by control " hardness dirt and dirt " two aspects exactly.The efficient electric energy that radio frequency generators produces is converted to the interior energy of processed water molecule by radio frequency converter, transverter, and the activity of water improves greatly, and seepage force, the power of carrying strengthen, and reach the purpose of antiscale and scale removal.
The water outlet of scale prevention device enters the electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus.At first pass through the reverse flow inclined-plate clarifying basin of electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus bottom, particle is removed because of gravity.Sedimentary particle enters the mud district of settling tank below, sludge pipe by perforation is collected, and adopts the hydrostaticpressure spoil disposal, and the mud level meter of spoil disposal time at the bottom of by the pond controlled spoil disposal automatically, when the mud position reached design height, Controlling System opens solenoid valve door carried out regular spoil disposal.
Sewage then rises and enters the electrochemical oxidation device at middle part, and the ammonia nitrogen of waste water middle and high concentration is oxidized to be removed.The electrochemical oxidation device main body is the electrode group, on the electrode group linker terminal stud is arranged, but the connecting box external power, and electrode adopts the coated electrode of high density, high oxidation activity material.Behind power connection, ammonia nitrogen can be removed by direct oxidation and two kinds of forms of indirect oxidation.
Direct oxidation is the reaction that takes place at negative electrode suc as formula (1-3):
2NH
3→N
2+6e+6H
+(1-3)
Negative electrode can also produce high oxidation activity material such as OH because of electrochemical oxidation:
H
2O→OH·+H
++e(1-4)
OH can be direct oxidation into nitrogen with ammonia nitrogen:
2NH
3+6OH·→N
2+6H
2O(1-5)
OH can also very effectively become carbonic acid gas and water with oxidation operation.
Indirect oxidation is when having chlorion to exist in the solution, takes place as (1-6), (1-7) and reaction (1-8), ammonia nitrogen is oxidized to nitrogen:
2Cl
--2e→Cl
2(1-6)
Cl
2+H
2O→HClO+HCl(1-7)
NH
4 ++1.5HClO→0.5N
2+1.5H
2O+2.5H
++1.5Cl(1-8)
By above-mentioned these reactions, the electrochemical oxidation device can effectively be removed the ammonia nitrogen in the waste water.
Top at the electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus is provided with perforated pipe, perforated pipe connects rising pipe, the secondary reaction pond of rising pipe connect box outside, the secondary reaction pond is for being installed in lateral cube of pond of electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus, can establish three cubes of ponds, except that the open side of electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus, other each directions are installed one, each other UNICOM.Through the water outlet after the processing of electrochemical oxidation device, enter perforated pipe and flow to rising pipe, enter the secondary reaction pond then, in the secondary reaction pond, ammonia nitrogen is further removed by the active substance that electrochemical oxidation produces, and the rate of removing of ammonia nitrogen in the waste water can greatly be improved in the secondary reaction pond.
Eduction pipe is left at the top of electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus, and purging valve is installed on the eduction pipe, and the gas that electrochemical oxidation produces is discharged from purging valve.
The water outlet meta-alkalescence in secondary reaction pond carries out the pH value and pulls back to the discharging of neutral back in neutralising arrangement.
The total system that high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater of the present invention is handled is by after optimizing processing parameter, and operation can realize standard wastewater discharge under the processing parameter of optimum.
The present invention also is provided with automatic control system, and this system adopts PLC may command programmed element, is furnished with fluid level controller, and various contactors, isolating switch, pilot lamp, operating device all are provided with manual and automatic independent control switch, transform parts such as switch.Adopt full-automatic control system, can realize functions such as the chain logic control of operation, sound and light alarm between treatment facility start and stop control, the monitoring of equipment operation condition and the equipment.Simultaneously, also be provided with the work that artificially to operate each several part when manual switchboard breaks down automatically in order to system.Adopt full-automatic control system, simple to operate, convenient management, for ease of maintenaince, whole automatic control system row simple to operate, easy.
Among the present invention, settling tank adopts transverse flow band wing inclined-plate clarifying basin, compares with common inclined-plate clarifying basin, have higher precipitate and separate effect, and floor space is less.The mud discharging device of settling tank adopts mud level meter to control spoil disposal automatically, and utilizes perforated pipe static pressure spoil disposal, simple in structure, convenient management; The full-automatic electronic apparatus for eliminating sludge makes the light absorbing ability of water improve 30%, and the mortality ratio of the unwanted bacteria in the water is reached more than 70%, makes magnesium ion and calcium ion in the water shift to an earlier date crystallization, reaches the purpose of 95% above antiscaling, descaling.
The running cost of the electrochemical oxidation device that uses among the present invention only is 0.08~0.10 yuan of/ton water.
Total system of the present invention is taken up an area of few, electrochemical oxidation device wherein can be realized integrated design, and particularly the reaction times lacks, and sewage is therein as long as stopped 10 minutes, having shortened traditional process equipment greatly needs the long-time shortcoming that operates, and has reduced the floor space of treatment unit greatly.
Denitrification effect of the present invention is good, effluent quality is good, stable, simple in structure, is the ideal professional equipment that a kind of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater is handled.
Specific embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, waste water at first enters equalizing tank 1, after regulating pondage and water quality, enter lift pump 2,2 water that come out enter mixing pit 3 by water inlet pipe from lift pump, mix fully mixing pit 3 with lime that transports from lime throwing device 4 and the air that transports from pneumatic tube 5, when the pH of waste water value rises to alkalescence, OH in the solution at this moment
-Precipitate with metal ion, precipitation enters the first labyrinth inclined-plate clarifying basin 6 with current, and precipitation is removed because of gravity settling.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, mixing pit 3 is divided into 4 cells (3c, 3d, 3e and 3f) by dividing plate 3b, stirs with pressurized air in the pond, lays compressed air pipe 3g air-blowing at the bottom of the pond.2 water that come out enter mixing pit 3 by water inlet pipe 3a from lift pump.
As shown in Figure 4, in lime throwing device, lime dissolves in clearing up groove 4a earlier, enter then among the solution tank 4b and dilute, the lime solution of dilution enters dosing tank 4d by alkaline-resisting water pump 4c, is added the lime solution of dilution in mixing pit 3 according to waste water ph in the mixing tank 3 of pH meter measurement by dosing tank 4d.
Referring to Fig. 1, the water outlet of the first labyrinth inclined-plate clarifying basin 6 flows to tubular mixer 7 again, with the Na that transports from chemical feed pipe 8
2CO
3In tubular mixer 7, mix, carbanion and the calcium ion production precipitation of calcium carbonate that reacts, precipitation flows to second maze sedimentation 9 with waste water, and precipitation of calcium carbonate is removed because gravity settling takes place.
As Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, the first labyrinth inclined-plate clarifying basin 6 is identical with the structure of the second labyrinth inclined-plate clarifying basin 9, and swash plate 9b has fin 9c in the settling tank.Bigger particle, is difficult for sedimentary particle and is forced to bring into vortex cavity 9e sedimentation by sedimentation at main flow area 9d.More be difficult for settled particle and enter circulating-area 9f near being removed under the streamlined state, the mud district 9g that sedimentary particle enters the inclined-plate clarifying basin below is regularly discharged by shore pipe 9j under the hydrostaticpressure effect at last.
Referring to Fig. 1,9 water outlets of second maze sedimentation then flow into full-automatic electronic scale inhibition instrument 10 again.Enter electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus 11 from full-automatic electronic scale inhibition instrument 10 effusive waste water.The concrete reverse flow inclined-plate clarifying basin 12 that at first enters electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus 11 bottoms, the water outlet of the reverse flow inclined-plate clarifying basin 12 electrochemical oxidation device 13 of flowing through enters secondary reaction pond 14.
As shown in Figure 7, reverse flow inclined-plate clarifying basin 12 comprises distribution reservoir 12a, perforation plate 12b, swash plate 12c, clear water zone 12d, mud district 12e, shore pipe 12f.
As Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, shown in Figure 11, the electrochemical oxidation device 13 at electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus 11 middle parts comprise water inlet pipe 13a, carriage 13b, terminal stud 13c, electrode group pole plate 13d, perforated pipe 13e, rising pipe 13f, eduction pipe 13g, steam separator 13h, dreg scraper 13i, scrape slag crossbeam 13j, tailrace 13k.
At first enter the distribution reservoir 12a of reverse inclined-plate clarifying basin 12 through the water inlet pipe 13a of electrochemical oxidation integrated apparatus 11 bottoms from full-automatic electronic scale inhibition instrument 10 effusive waste water, by perforation plate 12b water distribution in the pond, sewage rises along swash plate 12c, enter clear water zone 12d, and rise to electrochemical oxidation device 13 through clear water zone 12d.Sedimentary particle enters the mud district 12e of reverse inclined-plate clarifying basin 12 belows, by shore pipe 12f discharge regularly under the hydrostaticpressure effect of perforation.
The water outlet of the reverse flow inclined-plate clarifying basin 12 electrochemical oxidation device 13 of flowing through, at first process is the electrode group that rests on the carriage 13b.After terminal stud 13c and external power connection, between per two pole plate 13d of electrode group electric current is just arranged, ammonia nitrogen in the waste water is oxidized to nitrogen and removes between pole plate 13d, separate by steam separator 13h through the air water after the electrode reaction processing, separate back water and enter rising pipe 13f, flow out to secondary reaction pond 14 by rising pipe 13f by perforated pipe 13e overflow.The gas then eduction pipe 13g at slave unit top is discharged.The bubble that produces in the process or a small amount of scum silica frost are collected among the tailrace 13k by dreg scraper 13i, and dreg scraper 13i is suspended on and scrapes on the slag crossbeam 13j, by the electric device transmission.Pole plate 13d links together by linker, and can take out from the side of electrochemical oxidation device 13, carries out the maintenance of equipment and electrode.
In secondary reaction pond 14, ammonia nitrogen is further removed by the active substance that electrochemical oxidation produces, and then, waste water is discharged by rising pipe 14a, and enters neutralising arrangement 15 through the rising pipe 14a in secondary reaction pond 14.
Referring to Fig. 1, after the water outlet in secondary reaction pond 14 enters neutralising arrangement 15,, under the effect of agitator 15b, carry out thorough mixing again, after the pH value rises to neutrality, carry out qualified discharge by water shoot 15c with the H2SO4 that transports among the chemical feed pipe 15a.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.