CN101306851B - Process for degradation organic waste water cooperated with light, sound and electricity based on nanometer photocatalysis material and device thereof - Google Patents
Process for degradation organic waste water cooperated with light, sound and electricity based on nanometer photocatalysis material and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for degrading organic effluent based on the synergetic action of light, sound and electricity of Nano-photocatalytic materials and a device carrying out the same, belongs to the organic effluent photo catalytic technology treatment and environment protection engineering technical field . A TiO2 tube array film is used as a photo electrode and acts as a photo-catalyst, a bias voltage is added on the photo electrode under the conditions of adding ultraviolet irradiation and ultrasonic energy is added in the whole system, so as to improve the degrading efficiencyand effect of the organic effluent through the synergetic effect of three energy fields of light, sound and electricity. Multiple photo-catalytic units treating devices can be connected in series orinparallel to expand the treatment capability according to the content of pollutant in effluent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cooperated with light, sound and electricity effect the get off method and the device thereof of degradation of organic waste water, belong to photocatalysis technology and handle organic waste water and environmental engineering technical field based on nano-photocatalyst material.
Background technology
In recent years, photocatalysis oxidation technique has caused the extensive attention of materialogy, chemistry and Environmental Science and Engineering educational circles, has carried out a large amount of research.Facts have proved, utilize TiO
2The photohole of photocatalyst or active free radical can organic pollutant exhaustive oxidation some toxicity are big, difficult for biological degradation be H just under normal temperature, normal pressure
2O, CO
2Deng small molecules.Photocatalysis technology not only can be handled multiple organic pollutant, and has the effect of good sterilization and inhibition virus activity.That had studied is used for light-catalysed catalyzer, comprises TiO
2, ZnO, CdS, ZnS, AgI etc.Because TiO
2Catalytic activity height, chemical property are stable, cheap and safe in utilization, are a kind of ideal photocatalysts and being widely studied.
Yet also there are a lot of problems in the technology of photocatalytic degradation organic waste water.At first, mostly the catalyzer that uses is granular powder, though can obtain degradation effect preferably, nano level powder is suspended in the waste water after the processing, make follow-up catalyst separating become difficult, the difficulty of catalyst recovery also makes the powder photocatalysis technology be difficult to obtain practical application.In order to solve the difficulty of catalyst recovery, Chinese patent publication number CN 1565982A, CN 1415557A report adopts the fluidized-bed mode to make decomposition apparatus, but because the agglomeration of nanometer grade powder, its degradation rate is still not satisfactory.Secondly, TiO
2Catalyzer is after UV-irradiation, and the photohole of generation and light induced electron are very easy to be compound, makes that the utilization ratio of UV-light is on the low side.
In recent years, some new researchs improve the problem that photocatalysis technology exists.In order to solve the recovery difficult problem of powder catalyzer, the photocatalysis apparatus of development selection is recently filmed with sol-gel method or the powder adhesion thin film-forming method prepares immobilized catalyst film (CN 1563490A, CN 1562776A) on base material.The type curing catalysts can carry out the recycle of catalyzer effectively.Simultaneously, by the Preparation of Catalyst after immobilized is become optoelectronic pole, light-electric concerted catalysis technology is used.In light-electric concerted catalysis degraded, the electric field that applying bias imports can make that photohole and electronics are more efficiently to be separated, and improves the degradation effect of pollutent greatly.But new problem is following, owing to film or the catalyst film of bonding mode preparation and substrate bonded and insecure, under long voltage effect, catalyst film is easy to crack, come off, cause whole catalyzer to lose activity the most at last, decomposition apparatus loses effect.It is less with the catalytic film reaction area of bonding mode preparation to film simultaneously, and degradation effect is restricted.
Be coated with the membranous type photocatalyst easily under the electric field synergistic effect outside the inactivation, and the collaborative main ultraviolet excitation that relies on of light-electricity, handle colourity and turbidity than higher waste water in, usually be limited by the system transmittance, the feasible light intensity that can arrive catalyzer is lower, can't excite catalyzer effectively, cause whole system degradation efficiency low.Recent discovers, ultrasound wave irradiation is introduced also exciting light catalyzer effectively of whole system under no optical condition, and pollutent is degraded.Introduce the ultrasound wave irradiation low waste water of transmittance of can degrading effectively, but, be coated with the membranous type photocatalyst and easily come off from substrate because ultrasound wave irradiation can produce the effect of intensive mechanical shearing to catalyst film.So ultrasonically catalyzing still uses the powder catalyzer mostly, this just makes catalyst recycling face difficulty again again.In order to integrate the multipotency field effectively, to have given play to the collaborative efficient of multipotency field fully, break through photocatalytic degradation The Application of Technology difficulty, be badly in need of the catalysis technique that design makes new advances.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is on a kind of new photocatalysis technology basis, with the combination efficiently of ultrasound wave irradiation, electric field and photocatalysis technology, the characteristics of ultrasonic wave and electric field have been given play to, traditional photocatalytic degradation is carried out reinforcement, propose the method and the device thereof of degradation of organic waste water under a kind of multipotency field action.
The method of a kind of degradation organic waste water cooperated with light, sound and electricity based on nano-photocatalyst material of the present invention.It is characterized in that: with the pure titanium foil sheet is substrate, uses the TiO of anode oxidation method preparation
2The nano-photocatalyst material of pipe array film is as the optoelectronic pole positive pole, with the stainless steel paillon foil as negative pole, with the described optoelectronic pole of UV-irradiation, meanwhile use voltage stabilized source that optoelectronic pole is applied certain voltage, and use the probe type ultrasonic wave producer in the organic waste water system, to apply ultrasound wave irradiation, and being used for degradation of organic waste water to reach cooperated with light, sound and electricity, described ultraviolet wavelength is 365nm, the voltage that optoelectronic pole is applied is 0.6~2.0V, and frequency of ultrasonic is 18~30kHz.
The used isolated plant of method of a kind of degradation organic waste water cooperated with light, sound and electricity based on nano-photocatalyst material of the present invention is characterized in that, includes the quartz pinch sleeve containes, is substrate with the pure titanium foil sheet, and growth has TiO
2The optoelectronic pole positive pole of the nano-photocatalyst material of pipe array film, stainless steel paillon foil negative pole, aeration blast cap, ultrasonic probe, ultraviolet lamp, direct supply and aeration air supply plant; Described optoelectronic pole positive pole and stainless steel paillon foil negative pole are arranged in the quartz pinch sleeve containes that is loaded with organic waste water, and this positive and negative electrode is connected by the positive and negative electrode of lead with the direct supply of outside; The chuck of quartz pinch sleeve containes can feed water coolant with the attemperation environment; The outside at the quartz pinch sleeve containes is provided with ultraviolet lamp, and so that the photochemical catalysis ultraviolet source to be provided, its optical wavelength is 365nm, is provided with ultrasound probe at the top of described container; Be provided with the aeration blast cap in the bottom of described container, and be connected with the aeration air supply plant by pipeline.
The used isolated plant of method of a kind of degradation organic waste water cooperated with light, sound and electricity based on nano-photocatalyst material of the present invention, it is characterized in that described device as photochemical catalysis modular construction device, the form that adopts in the photocatalysis sewage treating processes comprises the parallel arrangement of relevant photochemical catalysis modular construction and the tandem arrangement of photochemical catalysis modular construction.
In apparatus of the present invention, about the nano-pipe array thin film Preparation of catalysts method of growing on the titanium metal paillon foil as optoelectronic pole, it utilizes prior art is that anonizing prepares.This Preparation of catalysts method is as follows: with KF, Na
2SO
4Be used as main ionogen preparation electrolytic solution, with H
2SO
4Regulate the pH of whole electrolytic solution, the pH value is controlled in 1 ~ 6 the scope.As positive pole, stainless steel substrates was wired on the constant voltage dc source as negative pole with the Ti tinsel, and opening power, fixed bias are 20V, to titanium metal anodic oxidation 5 ~ 10 hours.Can obtain the roughly Guan Zhen about 3 μ m of pipe range.Carry out the thermal treatment under 350 ~ 500 ℃ temperature then, promptly heated in retort furnace 1 ~ 5 hour, naturally cooling promptly gets TiO subsequently
2Nanotube battle array film photocatalyst.
Ultimate principle of the present invention or mechanism and characteristics thereof:
Principle of the present invention is to utilize electric field separates photohole-electron pair, uses ultrasonic wave raising mass transfer effect and utilizes the better exciting light catalyzer of hyperacoustic cavitation effect.Experiment showed, any factor that slows down light induced electron and hole-recombination or help electron hole subtend adsorbent to shift, all will improve TiO
2Photocatalytic activity.And electronics can be flowed to negative electrode by external circuit under the photoelectrocatalysis condition of input anodic bias.So just greatly reduce the recombination rate of electron-hole pair, thereby greatly improved photo-quantum efficiency.So the photoelectrocatalysis reaction efficiency is obviously greater than simple light-catalyzed reaction efficient.
Under hyperacoustic irradiation, ultrasonic cavitation takes place in the aqueous solution, at the utmost point of cavitation bubble collapse in the short period of time, cavitation bubble and focus occurs in the little space scope on every side, generation is up to the high temperature of 1900-5000K and surpass the high pressure of 50662kPa, water vapour generation pyrolysis in the bubble produces OH and H.And the generation of OH free radical TiO just
2The principal element of photocatalyst generation redox reaction, thereby hyperacoustic synergy accelerated the process of redox reaction, thus improved DeR speed.Research is in the last few years also found, under the condition that no UV-light participates in, adds TiO in ultrasonic system
2Photocatalyst also can obtain to be similar to the effect of ultraviolet excitation photocatalyst.With reference to the dynamochemical result of study of sound, there are two kinds of catalyzer excitation mechanisms to accept substantially.1) sonoluminescence mechanism.This mechanism can make this experimental fact of plate sensitization in the water prove by ultrasonic wave.Ultrasound wave irradiation can inspire UV-light (wavelength is about 360nm) in the aqueous solution, this UV-light can be used for exciting TiO
2Powder is brought into play the effect of its photocatalyst.2) high thermal excitation mechanism." focus " that ultrasonic wave produces in water itself just can make water molecules produce the extremely strong OH free radical of oxidisability, but efficient is lower up to several thousand K.Heterogeneous TiO
2Catalyzer obtains to cause behind this part energy Sauerstoffatom to flee from lattice and produce the hole, and the existence in hole can cause the OH free radical equally and generate.Ultrasonic wave can improve mass-transfer efficiency simultaneously, makes that the degradation effect of whole system is better.Electric field and ultrasonic wave is effective in the purpose that finally reaches the degraded organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby.
In order to make good use of the synergistic effect of light, electricity, sound, the immobilized mode that solves catalyzer is an a great problem.At first, must make catalyzer be convenient to recycling; Secondly, make the catalyzer film forming and make conductive capability good light electrode; At last, catalyst film is combined firmly with substrate, be able to take the high-energy ultrasound wave irradiation and do not peel off or come off.
Technical solution key of the present invention is to utilize anodizing technology to prepare nano-TiO
2Pipe array film material, and with as the high optoelectronic pole of catalytic activity.Because TiO
2Firm in the metal Ti substrate, make that adding bias voltage becomes possibility.And because its outstanding adhesive ability, can not make also under hyperacoustic situation that catalyst film comes off from substrate adding, make the repeated use of nano-photocatalyst become possibility, powder catalyst separating recovery problem is also avoided.Increase access times, reduced cost.Simultaneously, because this film is pipe battle array material, the specific surface area of this kind material is bigger, can obtain more reflecting point, obtains better effect.
Description of drawings
The nano-TiO of Fig. 1 for being adopted among the present invention
2Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) the photo figure of pipe battle array film.
Fig. 2 is the rough schematic of the photochemical catalysis modular construction device among the present invention.
Two kinds of forms that Fig. 3 adopts in sewage disposal for photochemical catalysis modular construction among the present invention, i.e. parallel arrangement and tandem arrangement synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
After now specific embodiments of the invention being described in.
The inventive method mainly is by based on the processing intent that realizes organic waste water with device.
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the photochemical catalysis modular construction device rough schematic among the present invention.This device includes quartz pinch sleeve containes 1, is substrate with the pure titanium foil sheet, and growth has TiO
2The optoelectronic pole positive pole 2 of the nano-photocatalyst material of pipe array film, stainless steel paillon foil negative pole 3, aeration blast cap 4, ultrasonic probe 5, ultraviolet lamp 6, direct supply 7 and aeration air supply plant 8; Described optoelectronic pole anodal 2 and stainless steel paillon foil negative pole 3 are arranged in the quartz pinch sleeve containes 1 that is loaded with organic waste water, and this positive and negative electrode is connected by the positive and negative electrode of lead with the direct supply 7 of outside; The chuck of quartz pinch sleeve containes 1 can feed water coolant with the attemperation environment; Be provided with ultraviolet lamp 6 in the outside of quartz pinch sleeve containes 1, so that the photochemical catalysis ultraviolet source to be provided, its optical wavelength is 365nm, is provided with ultrasonic probe 5 at the top of described quartz pinch sleeve containes 1; Be provided with aeration blast cap 4 in the bottom of described quartz pinch sleeve containes 1, and be connected with aeration air supply plant 8 by pipeline; The bubble that the air-flow of sending into forms can play organic waste water and stir the effect of stirring, and helps the degraded of organic waste water.In the present embodiment, be 0.6~2.0V to the voltage stabilized source voltage that applies on the optoelectronic pole positive pole 2.The ultrasonic frequency that the probe type ultrasonic wave producer produces is 18~30kHz.
The TiO that is adopted in the embodiment of the invention
2The nano-pipe array thin film photocatalyst, its TiO
2The scanning electronic microscope of nano-pipe array thin film (SEM) photo figure is referring to Fig. 1, and visible pipe range is about the pipe battle array film of 3 μ m, and this pipe battle array film is shown as Detitanium-ore-type TiO through Raman spectrum and XRD determining
2
According to the height of pollutant load in the sewage, a plurality of photocatalysis treatment unit can be carried out parallel connection or series connection, to enlarge treatment capacity.Two kinds of forms that Fig. 3 adopts in sewage disposal for photochemical catalysis modular construction among the present invention, i.e. parallel arrangement and tandem arrangement synoptic diagram.
Under the different operating state, the comparison test of the degradation rate of multipotency field synergy effect and monoenergetic field-effect when photochemical catalysis cell arrangement treatment of simulated waste water.
Use the unit processing apparatus among the present invention to carry out the simulated wastewater Processing Test, in unit processing apparatus, add 100ml simulated wastewater (starting point concentration is the methylene blue solution of 6mg/L).Treatment time is 3 hours, at first carries out the degraded of monoenergetic field.
1) (in the processing experiment of impressed voltage+0.6V), ultrasonically catalyzing (27kHz, 24W), 3 hours degradation rate is respectively: 3%, 2.3%, 27% in photochemical catalysis, electrocatalysis.Degradation rate altogether and be 32.3%.When three kinds of energy field actings in conjunction during at simulated wastewater, degradation rate is 52.89%, has improved 63.57% than the summation of monoenergetic field degradation rate, illustrates in the processing unit of this patent, can be so that the synergistic effect of multipotency field obtains performance.
2) working order is adjusted into, ultrasonic wave 18kHz, 24W, during impressed voltage+1V, use the mode of describing in this patent to degrade, degradation rate was 21.23% in 3 hours, (was respectively: photochemical catalysis 3% than independent monoenergetic field degradation rate, + 1V electrocatalysis 5.6%, 18kHz, 24W ultrasonically catalyzing 4%, summation: 12.6%) improved 68.49%, embodied synergistic effect efficiently.
3) working order is adjusted into, ultrasonic wave 20kHz, 40W, impressed voltage is+during 1V, use the mode of describing in this patent to degrade, degradation rate was 66.73% in 3 hours, (was respectively: photochemical catalysis 3% than independent monoenergetic field degradation rate, + 1V electrocatalysis 5.6%, 20kHz, 40W ultrasonic degradation 24.3%, summation: 32.9%) improved 102.83%, embodied synergistic effect efficiently.
Claims (3)
1. method based on the degradation organic waste water cooperated with light, sound and electricity of nano-photocatalyst material, it is characterized in that: with the pure titanium foil sheet is substrate, uses the TiO of anode oxidation method preparation
2The nano-photocatalyst material of pipe array film is as the optoelectronic pole positive pole, with the stainless steel paillon foil as negative pole, with the described optoelectronic pole of UV-irradiation, meanwhile use voltage stabilized source that optoelectronic pole is applied certain voltage, and use the probe type ultrasonic wave producer in the organic waste water system, to apply ultrasound wave irradiation, and being used for degradation of organic waste water to reach cooperated with light, sound and electricity, described ultraviolet wavelength is 365nm, the voltage that optoelectronic pole is applied is 0.6~2.0V, and frequency of ultrasonic is 18~30kHz.
2. one kind based on the used isolated plant of the method for the degradation organic waste water cooperated with light, sound and electricity of nano-photocatalyst material, it is characterized in that, includes quartz pinch sleeve containes (1), is substrate with the pure titanium foil sheet, and growth has TiO
2The optoelectronic pole positive pole (2) of the nano-photocatalyst material of pipe array film, stainless steel paillon foil negative pole (3), aeration blast cap (4), ultrasonic probe (5), ultraviolet lamp (6), direct supply (7) and aeration air supply plant (8); Described optoelectronic pole positive pole (2) and stainless steel paillon foil negative pole (3) are arranged in the quartz pinch sleeve containes (1) that is loaded with organic waste water, and this positive and negative electrode is connected by the positive and negative electrode of lead with the direct supply (7) of outside; The chuck of quartz pinch sleeve containes (1) can feed water coolant with the attemperation environment; Be provided with ultraviolet lamp (6) in the outside of quartz pinch sleeve containes (1), so that the photochemical catalysis ultraviolet source to be provided, its optical wavelength is 365nm, is provided with ultrasonic probe (5) at the top of described quartz pinch sleeve containes (1); Be provided with aeration blast cap (4) in the bottom of described quartz pinch sleeve containes (1), and be connected with aeration air supply plant (8) by pipeline.
3. the used isolated plant of method of a kind of degradation organic waste water cooperated with light, sound and electricity based on nano-photocatalyst material as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described device as photochemical catalysis modular construction device, the form that adopts in the photocatalysis sewage treating processes comprises the parallel arrangement of relevant photochemical catalysis modular construction and the tandem arrangement of photochemical catalysis modular construction.
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CN1648061A (en) * | 2004-12-11 | 2005-08-03 | 中国海洋大学 | Integrated light catalytic waste water processing device by membrane method |
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CN2458286Y (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2001-11-07 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Photoelectric catalyzing water quality purifier |
CN1648061A (en) * | 2004-12-11 | 2005-08-03 | 中国海洋大学 | Integrated light catalytic waste water processing device by membrane method |
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CN103028358A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-10 | 同济大学 | Photoelectric catalytic reactor based on titanium dioxide nanotube arrays |
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