CN101305903B - Constituent concentration measuring apparatus and control method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provide a noninvasive constituent concentration measuring apparatus capable of corrective measurement and a constituent concentration measuring apparatus controlling method, in which the measurement is performed by the frequency with high sensitivity according to change of the sensitivity characteristic of a tracking photoacoustic signal detector. The inventive constituent concentration measuring apparatus is characterized by including: a light generation components for generating two lights with different wavelengths; a light modulation component for respectively performing a modulation of electric intensity to the two lights with different wavelengths by signals having the same frequency and reverse phases, a light irradiating component for irradiating the two intensity-modulated light beams having different wavelengths toward a test subject; and an acoustic wave detection component for detecting an acoustic wave generated in the test subject by the irradiated light.

Description

Component concentration measuring device and method of controlling component concentration measuring device

The application is to be on May 2nd, 2005 applying date, and application number is " 200580010237.7 ", and denomination of invention is divided an application for " component concentration measuring device and method of controlling component concentration measuring device " application.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the component concentration measuring device and the method for controlling component concentration measuring device of non-invasion and attack, particularly relate to non-invasively as the glucose of blood constituent as determination object, its concentration is the determinator and the assay method of the non-invasion and attack of blood glucose value.

Background technology

As the assay method of the constituent concentration of non-invasion and attack, till now, tried based on through the electromagnetic irradiation of skin or the whole bag of tricks of radiating observation.These have all utilized is becoming the blood constituent of object, and for example under the situation of blood glucose value, glucose molecule is that have with electromagnetic interaction specific wavelength, promptly absorb or scattering.

, glucose and electromagnetic interaction are little, can be also restricted to organism safety irradiated electromagnetic wave intensity, and in addition, organism is a scattering object for electromagnetic wave, so also do not reaching effect of sufficient aspect the blood-sugar level measuring of organism.

In utilizing described glucose and electromagnetic interactional existing technology, to organism irradiation electromagnetic wave, the optoacoustic method of the sound wave that observation produces in vivo is noticeable.

The optoacoustic method is when organism is shone the electromagnetic wave of certain amount, the molecule absorption that electromagnetic wave is comprised in the organism, thereby the electromagnetic part local heat of irradiation is produced thermal expansion produce sound wave, but because the pressure of this sound wave exists with ... the amount that absorbs electromagnetic molecule, so be the method for measuring the amount of biological intravital molecule by the pressure of measuring sound wave.In addition, in the optoacoustic method, not spreading but cause thermal expansion, utilize the method for the sound wave that produces in view of the above and propagate to be called direct optoacoustic method in the partial region generating heat of irradiates light, heat.

Sound wave is the pressure wave of propagating in vivo, has the special nature that is difficult to scattering than electromagnetic wave, and described optoacoustic method is the method that should attract attention in the blood constituent of organism is measured.

Figure 49 and Figure 50 are the figure of configuration example that utilizes the existing component concentration measuring device of optoacoustic method as conventional example, expression.

Figure 49 is first conventional example (for example with reference to non-patent literature 1) that light pulse is used as electromagnetic wave.In the present example, as blood constituent, be blood glucose that glucose is as determination object.In Figure 49, driving power 604 paired pulses light sources 616 are supplied with the exciting current of pulse type, and light-pulse generator 616 produces the light pulse of the persistent period with submicrosecond, and described optical pulse irradiation is on organism detected portion 610.Described light pulse produces the sound wave that is called photoacoustic signal of pulse type in organism detected portion 610, photoacoustic signal is detected by supersonic detector 613, and photoacoustic signal is transformed to and the proportional signal of telecommunication of acoustic pressure.

The waveform of the described signal of telecommunication is by 620 observations of waveform observer.Waveform observer 620 is by the signal triggering synchronous with described exciting current, describedly shows with the certain position of the proportional signal of telecommunication of acoustic pressure on the display floater of waveform observer 620, can add up and/or measured signal fifty-fifty to being positioned at.

Analyze the proportional signal of telecommunication of obtaining like this of described and acoustic pressure, the blood glucose value of measuring in the organism detected portion 610 is the amount of glucose.Under the situation of example shown in Figure 49, maximum repeat to produce the light pulse of the pulse width of submicrosecond with 1kHz ground, average 1024 light pulses, as the described and proportional signal of telecommunication of acoustic pressure, still can't obtain sufficient precision.

Therefore, in order further to improve precision, proposed to use second conventional example of the synthetic light source of continuous strength.Figure 50 represents the structure (for example, with reference to patent documentation 2) of the device of second conventional example.This example is main determination object with blood glucose also, uses a plurality of light sources of different wave length, to improve precision.

Numerous and diverse for fear of what illustrate, illustrate that according to Figure 50 the quantity of light source is 2 o'clock action.In Figure 50, the light source of different wave length, promptly first light source 601 and secondary light source 605 are driven the output continuous light respectively by driving power 604 and driving power 605.

The light of first light source 601 and secondary light source 605 outputs is become alternate light by the intercostal plate 617 that drives with motor 618 and rotate with certain rotating speed.Here, intercostal plate 617 is formed by opaque material, is on the circumference at center at the axle with motor 618, on the circumference that the light of first light source 601 and secondary light source 605 passes through, is formed with the peristome of relatively prime number.

According to above-mentioned structure, the light that first light source 601 and secondary light source 605 are exported respectively is by relatively prime modulating frequency f ₁, modulating frequency f ₂After carrying out intensity modulated, close ripple, arrive organism detected portion 610 as a light beam irradiates by wave multiplexer 609.

In organism detected portion 610, producing frequency by the light of first light source 601 is f ₁Photoacoustic signal, produce frequency f by the light of secondary light source 605 ₂Photoacoustic signal, these photoacoustic signals are detected and are transformed to and the proportional signal of telecommunication of acoustic pressure by sound transducer 619, utilize frequency analyzer 621 its frequency spectrums of observation.

In the present example, the wavelength of a plurality of light sources all is set at the absorbing wavelength of glucose, the intensity of the photoacoustic signal corresponding with each wavelength as with blood in the corresponding signal of telecommunication of the amount of the glucose that comprises and determined.

Here, stored the measured value intensity of photoacoustic signal in advance and the relation of the value of the glucose content measured according to the blood of other collection, the amount of coming to measure glucose from the measured value of described photoacoustic signal.

And carry described component concentration measuring device come METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION health control and the treatment in be important, developing portable component concentration measuring device.As portable component concentration measuring device, the 3rd conventional example and the 4th conventional example of following expression disclosed.

The 3rd conventional example shown in Figure 51 is the installation example (for example with reference to patent documentation 2) of glasses hangers portion.In Figure 51, on the contact surface of instrument body 540 and organism 499, light source 500 and sound wave detector 541 have been embedded.This example is to detect in the sound wave that is used to produce organism 499 in from the irradiates light of light source 500 structure of the part of propagation rearward by sonic detection portion 541.

In addition, the 4th conventional example shown in Figure 52 is mounted in the example (for example with reference to patent documentation 2) on the earrings.In Figure 52,, in the contact surface of opposite side, embed sound wave detector 541 from the contact surface of a side of the instrument body 540 of contact both sides organism 499, embedding light source 500.This example is to detect in the sound wave that is used to produce organism 499 in from the irradiates light of light source 500 structure of the part of propagation forwards by sonic detection portion 541.

Patent documentation 1: the spy opens flat 10-189 communique

Patent documentation 2: the spy opens flat 08-224228 communique

Non-patent literature 1: the academic dissertation of the University of Oulu of Finland " Pulsephotoacoustic techniques and glucose determination in human bloodand tissue " (IBS 951-42-6690-0, http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514266900/, 2002)

In above-mentioned conventional example, there is following problem.In first conventional example,, need the long-time problem of measuring so exist because use light-pulse generator to measure repeatedly.

About 2/3 of the health of humans and animals is a water, and water accounts for the nearly 80% of blood constituent, and hydrone shows significant absorption characteristic at the wavelength band of wavelength 1 μ m.And glucose molecule is near the 1.6 μ m and near the light wavelength band 2.1 μ m performance absorption characteristic, but (under 2.8～5.6mM) the concentration, water is compared the big absorption that has more than 1000 times with glucose at blood glucose value 50～100mg/dl of the normal person of health.Therefore, in order to measure blood glucose value, measure precision and must be higher than 0.1%.Usually, the desired precision of blood-sugar level measuring is 5mg/dl (0.28mM), for this is measured, and necessary about 0.003% precision.For the mensuration of aforesaid blood constituent concentration, particularly blood glucose value is the mensuration of glucose amount, must high mensuration precision.

In described conventional example, the wavelength that the performance of specific blood constituent absorbs in blood other blood constituents and both of the composition in the non-blood tissues in performance when absorbing, they are added up in the photoacoustic signal of generation measure.Because the error addition too of the photoacoustic signal that can produce in non-blood tissues is so be subjected to external interferential influence easily.Therefore, for high-precision measuring blood constituent more, the photoacoustic signal that produces in the blood and other photoacoustic signal are separated into problem.

In addition, if the signal by measuring light-pulse generator repeatedly and be averaged and realize described high accuracy, then required mensuration number of times is a lot, and minute is elongated.For example use light-pulse generator, obtain signal,, need the mensuration of 110,000 pulses in order to reach 0.003% by on average precision being improved with the precision of each pulse 1%.When the repetition period of light-pulse generator was 1kHz, this is measured needed 110 seconds.

In the mensuration of described blood glucose value, those who are investigated must be static, and significant pain is imposed on those who are investigated.In addition, when those who are investigated were animal, extremely difficulty made it static for a long time.In the mensuration of optoacoustic method, to organism detected portion 610 irradiates lights, make it produce sound wave, detect the sound wave of propagating in vivo by supersonic detector shown in Figure 49 613 that contacts with organism detected portion 610 or the sound transducer shown in Figure 50 619, but in order to improve the determination efficiency of sound wave, must be on the contact surface of the skin of organism detected portion 610 and supersonic detector 613 or sound transducer 619 coating comprise the gel of a lot of moisture, on sound, to realize good coupling.At this moment, the air of sneaking into the air bubble-shaped that the steam dispersed from organism detected portion 610 causes in gel becomes reasons of error.

In addition, if produce the variation of relative position between detector such as supersonic detector 613 or sound transducer 619 and organism detected portion 610, the couple state of sound will change so, so those who are investigated must be static in mensuration.

The acoustic pressure of measuring by supersonic detector 613 or sound transducer 619 be inversely proportional at the test section that contacts with supersonic detector 613 or sound transducer 619 on the organism detected portion 610 with by the distance between the light-struck irradiation portion., the distance of described test section and described irradiation portion changes according to the mode of pushing of organism detected portion 610 to supersonic detector 613 or sound transducer 619 easily.Therefore, for the distance between described test section and the described irradiation portion is maintained fixed, organism detected portion 610 must contact with supersonic detector 613 or sound transducer 619 and static with certain pressure.

In addition, as described later, the photoacoustic signal of organism detected portion 610 exists with ... specific heat, thermal coefficient of expansion, velocity of sound etc. and changes.These be the amount that obviously changes according to temperature (body temperature) (particularly the variation of thermal coefficient of expansion is big, reach about 3%/℃), velocity of sound changes according to the frequency of sound wave in addition, even also has these all to exist with ... the report that blood glucose value self changes.

Therefore, in first conventional example, be necessary to measure at least body temperature and the measured value of photoacoustic signal is revised.The collection that is used for the high-precision basic data of this correction is not easy, even but successfully collected the correction data, in the assurance of the reliability of the blood glucose value of obtaining by numerous and diverse correction result, need secular checking.

And second conventional example is measured the photoacoustic signal for a plurality of different wave lengths simultaneously, so have coefficient that coupling condition sound, the distance from described irradiation portion to described test section, specific heat, thermal coefficient of expansion, velocity of sound etc. can change together as the probability of unknown multiplier cancellation, below be explained.

When background (water) is λ for wavelength ₁And wavelength X ₂The absorption coefficient of each light ₁ ^(b), α ₂ ^(b)And as the molar absorption coefficient α of the blood constituent (glucose) of determination object ₁ ⁽⁰⁾, α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾When known, comprise the measured value s of the photoacoustic signal of each wavelength ₁And s ₂Company's equate be expressed as follows.

[expression formula 1]

$C({\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(b\right)}+M{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(0\right)})={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00021.png,S2008101254141E00081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_1$

$C({\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(b\right)}+M{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(0\right)})={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_2$

Separate expression formula 1, calculate unknown blood constituent concentration (blood glucose value) M.Here, C is the unknown multiplier that comprises the described coefficient that can change.

From expression formula 1, under the state of C the unknown, can calculate M.Under situation about further adding based on the mensuration of the 3rd, the 4th wavelength, compare equational quantity with the quantity of unknown number and become too much, but at this moment, known can obtaining as the M that separates under the meaning of method of least square.

, photoacoustic signal is not strict linearity about absorptance.As a result, between a plurality of mensuration that the wavelength X 1 different to the absorptance of water and wavelength X 2 are carried out, unknown multiplier C is unequal.

In second conventional example, photoacoustic signal also exists with ... modulating frequency f.Therefore, the unknown multiplier of the photoacoustic signal that produces under different modulating frequencies is unequal.

As mentioned above, the C of the 1st row and the 2nd row is unequal in expression formula 1, obtains M so generally can not separate expression formula 1.If know the absorption coefficient of unknown multiplier C fully, for the functional form of modulating frequency f, the probability of expression formula untied 1 is just arranged, but as described later, what of scattering this functional form self can change according to.

Like this, photoacoustic signal is not that the result of strict linearity is about absorptance, in second conventional example, must carry out complicated correction for a plurality of mensuration of carrying out about the different wavelength X 1 of the absorptance of water and wavelength X 2.

In second conventional example, photoacoustic signal also exists with ... modulating frequency f, therefore, the measured value of the photoacoustic signal that produces under the different modulating frequencies is needed more complicated correction.

In addition, in second conventional example, the frequency f of the frequency characteristic of sound transducer 619 ₁And f ₂Also there is uneven problem in the aspect.

In addition, the inhomogeneous of frequency characteristic also can be found by following phenomenon.Because not matching of the acoustic impedance of the detected portion of organism and peripheral material (at this moment being air), the edge reflection of sound wave be inevitable.As a result, the photoacoustic signal of detection is subjected to being examined with organism the influence of the corresponding edge reflection of shape of portion, and the frequency change of the standing wave of photoacoustic signal is so be difficult to calculate constituent concentration from the photoacoustic signal that is detected equably between solid.

In the optoacoustic method, in order to obtain the information about absorption coefficient, the wavelength of sound wave must compare α ^-1* 2 π are short.In near the absorption band of the glucose molecule light wavelength is 1.6 μ m, the absorptance of water roughly is α=0.6mm ^-1, therefore wish that the wavelength of sound wave is below the 10mm.Here, the velocity of sound C in the water approximately is 1.5km/s, so can use the above modulating frequency of 150kHz at least.In near light wavelength is 2.1 μ m the glucose absorption band, the absorptance of water is compared with glucose and is become about 4 times, so the wavelength of required sound wave is below the 2.5mm, modulating frequency is more than the 0.6MHz.

The practicality of the above-mentioned high-frequency intensity modulated that the described utilization of second conventional example is obtained by the intercostal plate 617 of motor rotation also becomes research topic, but for wavelength is 10mm or the ultrasound wave below the 2.5mm, because this wavelength is near the component size of normally used supersonic detector, so be very difficult to realize being easy to generate the detector of standing wave, frequency characteristic flat.Commercially available have the detector that constrains resonance phenomenon by damping material, but at this moment also residually have ± sensitivity about 2dB inhomogeneous.

If the frequency interdependence of the sensitivity of described detector is always necessarily constant, then in second conventional example, can revise the poor sensitivity between different modulating frequencies, but the frequency interdependence of sensitivity varies with temperature, and also the contact condition according to detector and organism changes.The former causes that by the change in size that the variation and the thermal expansion of mechanical constants such as yang type modulus causes the latter's reason is the dissipation degree of elastic energy changes the Q-value (Quality Factor) of caused sympathetic response with contact change.Therefore, the tight correction for the sensitivity of the detector of different modulating frequency except thermometer, also needs to make the couple state stationary device or the anchor clamps of sound, and this correction is unusual difficulty.

Here, Figure 53 represents the example of variation of Q-value of the resonance characteristics of photoacoustic signal detector.Among Figure 53, the detection sensitivity characteristic of the photoacoustic signal of representing with solid line is changed to the detection sensitivity characteristic that dots according to the variation that organism is examined the pressing force between portion and the photoacoustic signal detector.In example shown in Figure 3, the peak value of the detection sensitivity characteristic of the photoacoustic signal of representing with solid line is reduced to about 1/2 in the detection sensitivity characteristic of the photoacoustic signal that dotted line is represented.

In addition, Figure 54 represents the example of variation of the frequency characteristic of photoacoustic signal detector.Among Figure 54, the frequency characteristic of the detector sensitivity of representing with solid line is to make the state of organism after contacting with the photoacoustic signal detector, and promptly externally temperature for example about 20 ℃, the body temperature of organism is for for example about 36 ℃, be examined the state that has about 16 ℃ the temperature difference between the portion at photoacoustic signal detector and organism for the photoacoustic signal detector.

The frequency characteristic of the photoacoustic signal detector sensitivity that dotted line is represented among Figure 54 is approximately through 10 minutes states afterwards.The crest frequency of the frequency characteristic of the sensitivity of the photoacoustic signal detector of representing with solid line and dotted line among Figure 54 has changed 10kHz approximately.

In addition, though the method that the known resonance characteristics of utilizing detector improves detection sensitivity (for example, " photoacoustic spectroscopy and the application-PAS thereof " that write with reference to damp Tian Silang learns the publishing centre, nineteen eighty-two), but in second conventional example, because measure, so can not utilize resonance characteristics to improve sensitivity with a plurality of modulating frequencies.

As mentioned above, in the assay method of the blood constituent concentration of the non-invasion and attack of first or second conventional example, the problem that should solve below existing: (1) exists in mensuration and is difficult to the fixed a plurality of parameters in maintenance side, so can't be scaled blood constituent concentration to photoacoustic signal with sufficient accuracy; (2) by mensuration for the photoacoustic signal of the light of a plurality of wavelength, because the non-linear and modulating frequency interdependence relevant with absorptance that exists in the photoacoustic signal, so can't connect the concentration that Rob Roy is scaled blood constituent to these photoacoustic signals; (3) because the difficulty of the correction of detector sensitivity characteristic, so the high sensitivityization that detects based on the photoacoustic signal of the detector of sympathetic response type is difficult; (4), cause the precise decreasing of the photoacoustic signal of detection because edge reflection, the pressure that acts on ultrasound examination portion and vibration around detected body and it, the collection sound state and the variations in temperature of ultrasound examination portion.

And in the 3rd conventional example, shown in Figure 51, the face that instrument body 540 contacts with organism 499 is provided with light source 500 and sound wave detector 541, but in such installation, the problem that should solve below existing.

Promptly as described later, in the component concentration measuring device of mount type of the present invention, as light to the organism irradiation, used the long light of wavelength ratio 1 μ m, but account for of the light performance strong absorption of the most moisture of organism for such wavelength, so when passing through organism 499 irradiates lights of 500 couples of Figure 51 of light source, glucose molecule absorbs and the surface local of the rayed part of ultrasound wave under light source 500 that produce exists, and ultrasound wave becomes the state of spherical wave and is difficult to detecting with the sound wave detector on the one side 541 by being set up in parallel with light source 500 shown in Figure 51.

In addition, in the 4th conventional example shown in Figure 52, the problem that should solve below existing.Promptly in the structure shown in Figure 52, as the r that is spaced apart of light source 500 and sound wave detector 541, the absorption coefficient of light of D/W is α, and when hyperacoustic wavelength of generation was λ, in order to measure concentration of glucose, following expression formula 2 must be set up.

[expression formula 2]

r＞＞α ^-1＞λ/(2π)

Here, as an example, when the light wavelength to organism 499 irradiations was set at the absorption band of the glucose about 1.6 μ m, the absorptance of water was roughly α=0.6mm ^-1, r is fully greater than for example more than the 10mm of 2mm, is preferably below the 10mm as hyperacoustic wavelength X in addition.

In addition, when the light wavelength to organism 499 irradiation was set at the absorption band of the glucose about 2.1 μ m, the absorptance of water was about 4 times of above-mentioned situation, and r is preferably below the 2.5mm as hyperacoustic wavelength X in addition for for example more than the 2.5mm.

Being necessary to be set at interval than light source 500 and supersonic detector 541 by above-mentioned such hyperacoustic wavelength X that produces is that the thickness as the organism 499 of determination object between light source 500 and the supersonic detector 541 is short.

Here, in Figure 52, organism 499 is softish, so according to the power that light source 500 and supersonic detector 541 are pushed to organism 499 how, the interval of light source 500 and supersonic detector 541 can change.In addition, the hyperacoustic spherical wave that produces under light source 500 becomes the part of direct arrival supersonic detector 541 and at the interface of organism 499 and air interreflection and arrive the total of the part of supersonic detector 541.

Hyperacoustic wavelength X is littler than the size of organism 499, even so fixed interval of light source 500 and supersonic detector 541, because the variation of the shape at the interface of organism and air, arriving the ground wave of supersonic detector 541 and the interference condition of a plurality of indirect waves can change, thereby the hyperacoustic amount that is detected by supersonic detector 541 can change.

In the 4th conventional example, even there is the shape generation minor variations of organism 499 in mensuration, hyperacoustic measured value that supersonic detector 541 detects also can produce the problem of error.

And in the optoacoustic method, also have following problem.The frequency of the sound wave that the optoacoustic method detects exists with ... determination object, if be determination object with the intravital blood of biology still, then the frequency of the sound wave of Jian Ceing wishes it is near the ultrasound wave of hundreds of kHz., ultrasound wave produces 2 phenomenons from certain medium 1 arrival and certain medium 2 interface the time.One is the transmission at interface.Another is the reflection at the interface.If the acoustic impedance of each medium is very different, then transmission takes place at boundary reflection in major part hardly.If the acoustic impedance of medium 1 is Z ₁, the acoustic impedance of medium 2 is Z ₂, then reflectance R at this moment is by expression formula 3 expressions.

[expression formula 3]

$R=\frac{Z_2-Z_1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Z"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00021.png,S2008101254141E00081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout>}}_1}$

Consideration is at the reflectance during as detected body the finger of human body.Figure 55 is the cutaway view of the structure of expression finger.Shown in Figure 55, there is muscle 214 in the finger of human body at the center of bone 213, fat 215 be enclosed in bone 213 around, epidermis 216 cover fat 215 around.Each acoustic impedance of expression in the table 1.

[table 1]

Table 1

The position	Velocity of sound (m/s)	Acoustic impedance
			Epidermis	1470	1.58
Fat	1490	1.6

Muscle	1600	2.1
			Bone	4000	7.8

Is 65% by expression formula 3 according to the reflectance that acoustic impedance calculates the interface of bone 213 and fat 215.Therefore, the sound wave major part of arrival bone 213 is reflected and scattering.

Figure 56 represents the example of photoacoustic signal by the bone reflect/scatter.Figure 56 is the cutaway view of the finger of human body, and (a) the expression photoacoustic signal is by the situation of bone scattering, and (b) the expression photoacoustic signal is by the situation of bone decay.Shown in (a), when the extended line of the light path of the exciting light 219 that is incident in finger during fully by bone 213 blockings, photoacoustic signal is scattered, and almost can't detect with detector 220.Shown in (b), when having bone 213 near the extended line of the light path of the exciting light 219 that is incident in finger, the part of photoacoustic signal is scattered, so the intensity that is detected by detector 220 reduces.Owing to the influence of such reflect/scatter, in existing optoacoustic method, there is the problem of intensity variation when each mensuration of photoacoustic signal.

In the optoacoustic method, detect the sound wave of in detected body, propagating, so be necessary to make detected body closely to contact with detector 220.Acoustic loss on the interface of detected body and detector 220 changes with the pressure that contacts.Because the variation of this pressure of pushing, the problem that exists the intensity of photoacoustic signal when each mensuration, to change.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the objective of the invention is to solve described problem of the prior art, a kind of high sensitivity measuring that can correctly measure blood constituent concentration and can utilize the detector of sympathetic response type is provided, can carries out those who are investigated are not become the component concentration measuring device and the method for controlling component concentration measuring device of the non-invasion and attack formula of the mensuration of the short time of burden, small-sized, the portion that is examined that can be installed in organism.

The present invention also aims to, a kind of component concentration measuring device and method of controlling component concentration measuring device of non-invasion and attack formula is provided.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that, comprising: the light generation part that produces light; The frequency scanning parts that the modulating frequency of modulating the light that described smooth generation part produces is scanned; By signal, the light that is produced by described smooth generation part is carried out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity from described frequency scanning parts; To determinand shine described intensity modulated the light irradiation element of light; The sonic detection parts of the sound wave that detection is produced in determinand by the light of described irradiation; The parts that add up that the sound wave that described sonic detection parts are detected adds up in the modulation frequency range that is scanned.

In the present invention, the modulation signal that in given range, scans by frequency, light is carried out the electric intensity modulation, intensity modulated light determinand is shone, detection is a photoacoustic signal by the sound wave that the light that shines produces in detected body, after the photoacoustic signal that detects added up, calculate the constituent concentration that becomes determination object in the determinand.In view of the above, the sensory characteristic of following the tracks of the sonic detection parts changes, and can become the constituent concentration of determination object with highly sensitive frequency measurement.

In addition, component concentration measuring device of the present invention comprises the light generation part that produces light, the light that this light generation part is produced carries out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity with certain frequency, carried out the light irradiation element of the intensity-modulated light of intensity modulated by this optical modulator component to the determinand irradiation, detection from by described intensity modulated rayed the sonic detection parts of determinand emitting sound wave, it is characterized in that: can between described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts, dispose acoustic impedance and described determinand sound matter of matching and described determinand about equally.

The invention is characterized in, under the acoustic impedance environment about equally of acoustic impedance and determinand, detect photoacoustic signal.The intensity-modulated light that has carried out intensity modulated with certain frequency is shone determinand, and detecting the sound wave that produces from determinand by described sound matter of matching with the sonic detection parts is the concentration that photoacoustic signal is measured the special component that comprises the liquid.The sonic detection parts detect photoacoustic signal by described sound matter of matching, can reduce in view of the above determinand and it on every side edge reflection and the sound wave that produces owing to determinand and contacting of sound wave detection part be the caused loss of signal of reflection of photoacoustic signal.Promptly can between light irradiation element and sound wave detection part, dispose acoustic impedance and determinand sound matter of matching and determinand about equally, thereby can be between determinand and sound wave detection part the configure sound matter of matching, reduce the edge reflection on determinand and the border around its.

In addition, component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that and comprises: the light generation part that produces light; The light that this light generation part is produced carries out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity with certain frequency; Carried out the light irradiation element of the intensity-modulated light of intensity modulated by this optical modulator component to the determinand irradiation; Detection from by described intensity modulated rayed the sonic detection parts of determinand institute emitting sound wave; Fill container between described light irradiation element and the described sonic detection parts with acoustic impedance and described determinand sound matter of matching about equally.

By the container of filling with acoustic impedance and determinand sound matter of matching about equally is set, can in the container of having filled, dispose determinand with acoustic impedance and determinand sound matter of matching about equally, surround with the sound matter of matching determinand around environment under the sound wave that detects from determinand be photoacoustic signal.By surround with the sound matter of matching determinand around environment under detect photoacoustic signal, can reduce determinand and it edge reflection and the decay that causes of the reflection of the photoacoustic signal that produces owing to determinand and contacting of sound wave detection part on every side.

In the mentioned component concentration measurement apparatus, described smooth generation part produces 2 light of different wave length, and it is the identical and inverting each other intensity-modulated light of frequency that described optical modulator component carries out intensity modulated to each described light.

By 2 intensity-modulated lights identical and inverting each other, can remove the influence that photoacoustic signal is subjected to from water to the intensity-modulated light frequency of utilization.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that and comprises: the light generation part that produces light; The light that this light generation part is produced carries out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity with certain frequency; Carried out the light irradiation element of the intensity-modulated light of intensity modulated by this optical modulator component to the determinand irradiation; The sonic generator of output sound wave; Detection is from by the determinand emitting sound wave of described intensity modulated rayed and the sonic detection parts that see through the described sound wave of determinand from described sonic generator.

The invention is characterized in: when using the optoacoustic method to measure the constituent concentration of the determination object that becomes determinand, from being that the ultrasound wave (being called sound wave here) that near the sonic generator the generation source of photoacoustic signal produces detects as contrast signal near the irradiation position that is placed on exciting light, and detect the generation source of photoacoustic signal and the position relation of sound wave detection part becomes optimum configuration.By detecting photoacoustic signal, measure constituent concentration on the few transmission route of the influence of scattering object that can be in being present in determinand with detected optimal allocation.

If the configuration that becomes signal intensity certain, detected sound wave and become predetermined value with the attenuation of sound wave detects photoacoustic signal, with this detected configuration detection photoacoustic signal, thereby can detect the photoacoustic signal of the influence of uncertain factors such as having got rid of the variation that comprises the influence that photoacoustic signal is brought by the caused scattering object of variation of the position relation of the generation source of photoacoustic signal and sound wave detection part and sonic detection parts and contacting of determinand.In view of the above, can measure the constituent concentration of having got rid of along with the influence of many parameters of the configuration variation of component concentration measuring device.

According to the present invention, the influence that can use the scattering object of sonic detection reflect/scatter that photoacoustic signal is brought.In view of the above, can detect photoacoustic signal with the configuration of optimum.

When the optimal allocation of the determinand of the mensuration part of carrying out the optoacoustic method and each element, can be by each configured parts mechanization of adjusting, make itself and sonic detection parts interlock, thereby make the component concentration measuring automatization that carries out with optimal allocation.It should be noted that, in the present invention,, use with the synthetic intensity-modulated light of certain frequency as described exciting light.

According to the present invention, the influence that can use sound wave to come the scattering object of detection of reflected/scattering that photoacoustic signal is brought.In view of the above, can use optimum configuration detection photoacoustic signal.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that and comprises: the light generation part that produces 2 light of different wave length; 2 light of this different wave length signal identical with frequency respectively, that phase place is opposite is carried out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity; Intensity modulated 2 light of this different wave length to the light irradiation element of determinand irradiation; Detection is by the sonic detection parts of the sound wave that produces in determinand of light of irradiation.

In the present invention, 2 light of different wave length signal identical with frequency respectively, that phase place is opposite is carried out the electric intensity modulation, so can not be subjected to the influence ground of the frequency characteristic of sonic detection parts to detect the sound wave corresponding respectively with 2 light of different wave length.

Described light produces the sound wave with the corresponding pressure of hypersorption that mixes existence of the composition of the interior determination object of determinand and water, and described another light produces and the identical sound wave of pressure that is only passed through the sound wave of described light generation by the most water that accounts for determinand, therefore poor according to both only detects the pressure of the sound wave that the composition by determination object produces.As a result, can measure the amount of the composition of determination object.

A described light make that produce and composition determination object and water in the determinand mixes that the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the hypersorption of the state that exists and described another light produces with only equate and anti-phase by the frequency of the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the absorption of the most water that accounts for determinand, in determinand, stage at sound wave is overlapped, to detect the poor of acoustic pressure.Therefore, with measure respectively a described light that in determinand, produce that mix with composition determination object and water that the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the hypersorption of the state that exists and described another light produces with only calculate difference and compare by the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the absorption of the most water that accounts for determinand, can be to measure the poor of acoustic pressure more accurately.This is the brand-new advantage that does not have in the prior art.

In the present invention, by each of 2 light of different wave length carried out the synthetic modulating frequency of electric intensity with modulate about the identical frequency of the resonance frequency of the sonic detection that produces in the determinand, measure relevant with absorptance non-linear and 2 corresponding photoacoustic signals of light of the different wave length selected in the measured value of considering photoacoustic signal, can get rid of the influence of a plurality of parameters that are difficult to keep certain from these measured values, detect the sound wave that produces in the determinand with high accuracy.

In described component concentration measuring device, also have: will modulate the frequency scanning parts that the modulating frequency of the light that described smooth generation part produces scans; The parts that add up that in the modulation frequency range of scanning, the detected sound wave of described sonic detection parts added up; Described optical modulator component is preferably modulated according to from the signal of described frequency scanning parts 2 light of described different wavelength are carried out electric intensity mutually anti-phasely.

In the present invention, add up by the described photoacoustic signal that in the modulated reference signal of scanning, produces in described determinand, when the variation of resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts, the value of detected photoacoustic signal with the high sensitivity under the frequency consistent with the resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts that also can add up is so can measure with highly sensitive resonant frequency.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described sonic detection parts are followed the tracks of the modulating frequency of described frequency scanning parts scanning, detection is by the sound wave that produces in described determinand of light of irradiation, the described parts that the add up sound wave that described sonic detection parts detect that adds up in described sonic detection parts have the modulation frequency range of high detection sensitivity.

In the present invention, the resonant frequency of the sonic detection parts that produce in determinand changes, and the modulating frequency that detects photoacoustic signal is when changing, from detected by frequency scanning the modulating frequency modulation and the result of the photoacoustic signal that in determinand, produces of the light of irradiation judge detection sensitivity become maximum sonic detection parts resonant frequency variation and follow the tracks of the variation of resonant frequency, near the detected value of accumulative total photoacoustic signal resonant frequency.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also have from sound wave and calculate liquid component concentration calculating unit in the described determinand as the constituent concentration of the liquid component of determination object by described integrating block accumulative total.

In the present invention, store and prepreparedly be illustrated in the photoacoustic signal that produces in the determinand and as the theoretical value or the experiment value of the relation of the constituent concentration of determination object, the value of the photoacoustic signal that produces in the detected determinand is calculated the constituent concentration of determination object.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also have the sonic generator of output sound wave, described sonic detection parts detect the described sound wave that sees through described determinand from described sonic generator when detecting from the sound wave of described determinand.

According to the present invention, the influence that can use sound wave to come the scattering object of detection of reflected/scattering that photoacoustic signal is brought.In view of the above, can use optimum configuration detection photoacoustic signal.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also has the driver part of any one position changeable at least that makes described sonic generator or described sonic detection parts.

According to the present invention, the round of sound wave is changed, the influence by the scattering object of each round detection of reflected/scattering brings photoacoustic signal detects photoacoustic signal with detected optimal allocation.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also has the described driver part of control so that become the control assembly of specific value by the intensity of acoustic wave of described sonic detection parts detection.

According to the present invention, can make detection automatization with the photoacoustic signal of detected optimal allocation.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, 2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part preferably is set at the absorption that the liquid component as determination object presents to described 2 light wavelengths presents than solvent.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation part is set at the wavelength that is characteristic absorption as the liquid component of determination object to light wavelength in described 2 light, and another light wavelength is set at the wavelength that solvent is the absorption that equates with absorption on a described light wavelength.

The present invention is set at described 2 light wavelengths in the method for controlling component concentration measuring device of 2 big light wavelengths of the difference of the absorption that the difference of the absorption that the liquid component as determination object presents presents than solvent at described smooth generation part, and the difference that makes the absorption that solvent presents is 0 situation.In view of the above, can remove the influence that the absorption desolvate causes.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, 2 also big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that preferably described 2 light wavelengths is set at the absorption that the liquid component as determination object presents presents than remaining liquid component.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, between described light irradiation element and described determinand, also has the synthesizer of the light beam of synthetic irradiation.

Because being concentrated on, light measures the position, so can efficiently produce photoacoustic signal.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also have the detection amplifier unit of detection from the amplitude of the sound wave of described sonic detection parts.

Can from detected photoacoustic signal, detect the amplitude of sound wave.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also has in the described determinand of the calculation of pressure of detected sound wave liquid component concentration calculating unit as the constituent concentration of the liquid component of determination object.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also have: write down the recording-member of the sound wave that described sonic detection parts detect accordingly with modulating frequency.

By the parts that write down the value of the detected photoacoustic signal of sonic detection parts by each modulating frequency of scanning are set, when the variation of resonant frequency of the sonic detection parts that produce in the determinand, the scope that the sweep limits of the modulating frequency of the light of determinand irradiation is comprised described variation of resonant frequency, from the photoacoustic signal that detects, select value and accumulative total and average, can correctly measure constituent concentration with high-precision measuring.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that and comprises: the light generation part that produces light; The frequency scanning parts that the modulating frequency of the light modulation that the described smooth generation part of modulation is produced scans; By signal, the light that is produced by described smooth generation part is carried out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity from described frequency scanning parts; Shine the light irradiation element of the light of described intensity modulated to detected body; Detect the sonic detection parts of the sound wave that produces in the described determinand by the light of described irradiation; The integrating block that the sound wave that described sonic detection parts are detected adds up in the modulation frequency range that is scanned.

In the present invention, the modulation signal that in given range, scans by frequency, light is carried out the electric intensity modulation, the light of intensity modulated is shone detected body, the photoacoustic signal that detection is produced in detected body by the light that shines, after the photoacoustic signal accumulative total that detects, calculate detected intravital constituent concentration.Here the light wavelength to detected body irradiation is set at the wavelength that presents absorption as the composition of determination object.The sensory characteristic of following the tracks of the sonic detection parts changes, and can measure the constituent concentration that becomes determination object with highly sensitive frequency.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention comprises the light generation part that produces light, the light that this light generation part is produced carries out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity with certain frequency, carried out the light irradiation element of the intensity-modulated light of intensity modulated by this optical modulator component to detected body irradiation, detection is characterized in that: can dispose acoustic impedance and described detected body sound matter of matching and described detected body about equally between described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts from the sonic detection parts of the described detected body emitting sound wave of illuminated described intensity-modulated light.

The invention is characterized in, under the acoustic impedance environment about equally of acoustic impedance and detected body, detect photoacoustic signal.The intensity-modulated light that has carried out intensity modulated with certain frequency is shone detected body, and detecting the sound wave that produces from detected body across described sound matter of matching with the sonic detection parts is the concentration that photoacoustic signal is measured the special component that comprises the liquid.The sonic detection parts detect photoacoustic signal by described sound matter of matching, can reduce detected body and it edge reflection and the loss of signal that causes of the caused decay of reflection of the photoacoustic signal that produces owing to detected body and contacting of sound wave detection part on every side in view of the above.Promptly can between light irradiation element and sound wave detection part, dispose acoustic impedance and detected body sound matter of matching and detected body about equally, thereby can be between detected body and sound wave detection part the configure sound matter of matching, reduce the edge reflection on determinand and the border around its.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that and comprises: the light generation part that produces light; The light that this light generation part is produced carries out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity with certain frequency; Carried out the light irradiation element of the intensity-modulated light of intensity modulated by this optical modulator component to detected body irradiation; Detection from by described intensity modulated rayed the sonic detection parts of detected body emitting sound wave; Fill container between described light irradiation element and the described sonic detection parts with acoustic impedance and described detected body sound matter of matching about equally.

By the container of filling with acoustic impedance and detected body sound matter of matching about equally is set, can be in the container of having filled with acoustic impedance and detected body sound matter of matching about equally the detected body of configuration, surrounding with the sound matter of matching detected body around environment under detection from the photoacoustic signal of detected body.By surround with the sound matter of matching detected body around environment under detect photoacoustic signal, can reduce detected body and its edge reflection and decay of causing of the reflection of the photoacoustic signal that produces owing to detected body and contacting of sound wave detection part on every side.

In described component concentration measuring device, described container is preferably used as the water filling into described sound matter of matching.

The acoustic impedance of detected body is very near water, so water surround detected body around environment under detect photoacoustic signal, can reduce detected body and it edge reflection and the decay that causes of the reflection of the photoacoustic signal that produces owing to detected body and contacting of sound wave detection part on every side.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation part produces 2 light of different wave length, and it is the identical and inverting each other intensity-modulated light of frequency that described optical modulator component carries out intensity modulated to described light.

By 2 intensity-modulated lights identical and inverting each other, can remove the influence that photoacoustic signal is subjected to from water to the intensity-modulated light frequency of utilization.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, the shape of cross section of described container is preferably semicircle, at the described light irradiation element of position configuration of the approximate centerpoint of described semicircular circle.

The shape of cross section of the internal face by making container is a semicircle and at the central point configuration light irradiation element of circle, can make the side of container of the circular arc portion that is equivalent to described semicircle and the fixed distance of light irradiation element.In view of the above, if the distance that makes the side of container of the circular arc portion that is equivalent to semicircle and light irradiation element is for being assumed to photoacoustic signal the distance of the degree of plane wave, and, just can detect efficiently and expand to radial photoacoustic signal at described side configuration sonic detection parts.Like this, by improving the collection sound state of sonic detection parts, can further improve the precision of photoacoustic signal.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, preferably at the described sonic detection parts of described semicircular circular arc portion configuration more than 2 of described container.

By the sonic detection parts of container side configuration more than 2 at the circular arc portion that is equivalent to semicircle, the sonic detection parts can detect more efficiently and expand to radial photoacoustic signal.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, the shape of cross section of described container is preferably ellipse, disposes described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts respectively in the position of described oval-shaped focus.

Being shaped as ellipse and disposing light irradiation element and sound wave detection part respectively in the position of described oval-shaped focus of internal face by making cross section can make photoacoustic signal in the side-scattered of container and be pooled to the sonic detection parts efficiently.Like this, by improving the collection sound state of sonic detection parts, can further improve the precision of photoacoustic signal.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described container preferably bottom comprises the semiellipse ball of 2 focuses in the cross section, dispose described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts in described 2 focuses respectively.

The bottom of the internal face by making container is for the semiellipse ball that comprises 2 focuses in the cross section and respectively at described 2 focuses configuration light irradiation element and sonic detection parts, can make photoacoustic signal in the scattering of the bottom of container and be pooled to the sonic detection parts efficiently.By such collection sound state that improves the sonic detection parts, can further improve the precision of photoacoustic signal.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, preferably at least a portion of the internal face of described container, comprise reflecting material.

By at least a portion of the internal face of container, comprising reflecting material, can improve the efficient that photoacoustic signal is pooled to the sonic detection parts.In view of the above, can further improve the precision of the photoacoustic signal of sonic detection parts detection.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, at least a portion of the internal face of described container, comprise sound-absorbing material.

By at least a portion of the internal face of container, comprising sound-absorbing material, can absorb and remove sound wave, so can detect efficiently from the photoacoustic signal of detected body reflection by the multipath reflection that in-built inhomogeneity produced of detected body.In view of the above, can further improve the precision of the photoacoustic signal of sonic detection parts detection.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, on the internal face of described container, also preferably has exit window for described intensity modulated optical transparency.

By the exit window for the intensity modulated optical transparency is set, can outside container, dispose light irradiation element, so that the configuration of light irradiation element becomes is easy.In addition, can be from the internal face exposure rate light modulated of container, so the internal face of container does not have fluctuating, so can reduce the reflection of photoacoustic signal.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described light irradiation element preferably comprises the optical fiber of intensity-modulated light to described container guiding.

Comprise optical fiber by light irradiation element, can be at place configuration light generation part away from light irradiation element, intensity-modulated light is directed to can be to the position of detected body irradiation.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also have: the temperature controlling unit of the temperature of the described sound matter of matching of thermoregulation of measure the temperature measurement unit of the temperature of described sound matter of matching, measuring according to this temperature measurement unit.

By the temperature controlling unit of setting, can make the temperature stabilization of sound matter of matching and detected surface according to the temperature of the thermoregulation sound matter of matching of temperature measurement unit mensuration.In view of the above, can reduce the interference of the intensity of the photoacoustic signal that variations in temperature causes, improve the S/N ratio of photoacoustic signal.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that and comprises: the light generation part that produces light; The light that this light generation part is produced carries out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity with certain frequency; Carried out the light irradiation element of the intensity-modulated light of intensity modulated by this optical modulator component to detected body irradiation; The sonic generator of output sound wave; Detection is from by the detected body emitting sound wave of described intensity modulated rayed and the sonic detection parts that see through the described sound wave of detected body from described sonic generator.

The invention is characterized in, when using the optoacoustic method to measure constituent concentration as determination object, from being that the ultrasound wave (being called sound wave here) that near the sonic generator the generation source of photoacoustic signal produces detects as contrast signal near the irradiation position that is placed on exciting light, and detect the generation source of photoacoustic signal and the position relation of sound wave detection part becomes optimum configuration.By configuration detection photoacoustic signal, can on the little transmission route of the influence that is present in detected intravital scattering object, measure constituent concentration with detected optimum.

If the configuration that becomes signal intensity certain, detected sound wave and become predetermined value with the attenuation of sound wave detects photoacoustic signal, with with this detected configuration detection photoacoustic signal, can detect the photoacoustic signal of the influence of uncertain factors such as having got rid of the variation that comprises the influence that the caused scattering object of variation that the position by the generation source of photoacoustic signal and sound wave detection part concerns brings photoacoustic signal and sonic detection parts and contacting of detected body.In view of the above, can measure the constituent concentration of having got rid of along with the influence of many parameters of the configuration variation of component concentration measuring device.

Detected body in carrying out the mensuration part of optoacoustic method is particularly during the optimal allocation of organism and each element, can be by each configured parts mechanization of adjusting, make itself and sonic detection parts interlock, thereby make the component concentration measuring automatization that carries out with optimal allocation.It should be noted that, in the present invention,, use with the synthetic intensity-modulated light of certain frequency as described exciting light.

According to the present invention, the influence that can use sound wave to come the scattering object of detection of reflected/scattering that photoacoustic signal is brought.In view of the above, can use optimum configuration detection photoacoustic signal.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that and comprises: the light generation part that produces 2 light of different wave length; 2 light of this different wave length signal identical with frequency respectively, that phase place is opposite is carried out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity; Intensity modulated 2 light of this different wave length to the light irradiation element of detected body irradiation; Detection is by the sonic detection parts of the sound wave that produces in detected body of light of irradiation.

In the present invention, 2 light of different wave length signal identical with frequency respectively, that phase place is opposite is carried out the electric intensity modulation, so can not be subjected to the influence ground of the frequency characteristic of sonic detection parts to detect the sound wave corresponding respectively with 2 light of different wave length.

Described light produces the sound wave with the corresponding pressure of hypersorption that mixes existence of the composition of detected intravital determination object and water, and described another light produces and the identical sound wave of pressure that is only passed through the sound wave of described light generation by the most water that accounts for determinand, so poor according to both only detects the pressure of the sound wave that the composition by determination object produces.As a result, can measure the amount of the composition of determination object.

A described light make that produce and composition determination object and water in the detected body mixes that the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the hypersorption of the state that exists and described another light produces with only equate and anti-phase by the frequency of the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the absorption of the most water that accounts for determinand, stage at sound wave in detected body is overlapped, to detect the poor of acoustic pressure.Therefore, with measure respectively that a described light that produce and composition determination object and water in detected body mixes that the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the hypersorption of the state that exists and described another light produces only calculate difference and compare by the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the absorption of the most water that accounts for detected body, can be with high-precision measuring acoustic pressure more poor.This is the brand-new advantage that does not have in the prior art.

In the present invention, by each of 2 light of different wave length carried out the synthetic modulating frequency of electric intensity with modulate about the identical frequency of the resonance frequency of the sonic detection that produces in the detected body, measure relevant with absorptance non-linear and 2 corresponding photoacoustic signals of light of the different wave length selected in the measured value of considering photoacoustic signal, can get rid of the influence of a plurality of parameters that are difficult to keep certain from these measured values, detect the sound wave that produces in the detected body with high accuracy.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also have second light irradiation element of the light that produces intermittently with the interval also longer to described detected body irradiation than the recurrence interval of described same frequency.

According to the present invention, can make detected body particularly the generating capacity of the photoacoustic signal that causes of the absorption of the in-house composition as determination object of organism increase and can non-invasion and attack and correctly measure constituent concentration.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, the light wavelength of described second light irradiation element preferably presents the wavelength of the characteristic absorption of the composition different with the composition that becomes determination object.

Compare with non-blood tissues, the temperature of blood tissues is risen, only increase the photoacoustic signal of blood constituent.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, the light wavelength of described second light irradiation element preferably presents the wavelength of the characteristic absorption of the hemoglobin in the blood.

The temperature of hemoglobin is risen, only make the photoacoustic signal of the blood of self-contained hemoglobin to increase.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, the generation light of described second light irradiation element be to make described detected body produce the interval that the temperature below 2 ℃ rises at interval.

Can be suppressed at Min. to influence in view of the above to detected body.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, the light intensity of described second light irradiation element is to make described detected body produce the intensity that the temperature below 2 ℃ rises.

Can be suppressed at Min. to influence in view of the above to detected body.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also have: will modulate the frequency scanning parts that the modulating frequency of the light that described smooth generation part produces scans; The integrating block that in the modulation frequency range of scanning, the detected sound wave of described sonic detection parts is added up; Described optical modulator component is modulated according to from the signal of described frequency scanning parts 2 light of described different wavelength are carried out electric intensity mutually anti-phasely.

In the present invention, by the described photoacoustic signal that in the modulated reference signal of scanning, produces in described detected body totally, when the variation of resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts, the also value of detected photoacoustic signal with the high sensitivity under the frequency consistent with the resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts totally is so can measure with highly sensitive resonant frequency.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described sonic detection parts are followed the tracks of the modulating frequency of described frequency scanning parts scanning, detection is by the sound wave that produces in described detected body of light of irradiation, and described integrating block has the sound wave that the described sonic detection parts of accumulative total detect in the modulation frequency range of high detection sensitivity at described sonic detection parts.

In the present invention, the resonant frequency of the sonic detection parts that produce in detected body changes, and the modulating frequency that detects photoacoustic signal is when changing, from detected by frequency scanning the modulating frequency modulation and the result of the photoacoustic signal that in detected body, produces of the light of irradiation judge that detection sensitivity becomes the variation of the resonant frequency of maximum sonic detection parts, and the variation of tracking resonant frequency, near the detected value of accumulative total photoacoustic signal resonant frequency.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also has the constituent concentration calculating unit that calculates the constituent concentration of described detected intravital composition as determination object from sound wave by described integrating block accumulative total.

In the present invention, store and prepreparedly be illustrated in the photoacoustic signal that produces in the detected body and as the theoretical value or the experiment value of the relation of the constituent concentration of determination object, the value of the photoacoustic signal that produces in the detected detected body is calculated the constituent concentration of determination object.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also have the sonic generator of output sound wave, described sonic detection parts detect the described sound wave that sees through described detected body from described sonic generator when detecting from the sound wave of described detected body.

According to the present invention, the influence that can use sound wave to come the scattering object of detection of reflected/scattering that photoacoustic signal is brought.In view of the above, can use best configuration detection photoacoustic signal.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also has the driver part of any one position changeable at least that makes described sonic generator or described sonic detection parts.

According to the present invention, the round of sound wave is changed, the influence that photoacoustic signal is brought by the scattering object of each round detection of reflected/scattering detects photoacoustic signal with the best allocation of detection.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also has the described driver part of control so that become the control assembly of specific value by the intensity of acoustic wave of described sonic detection parts detection.

According to the present invention, can make detection energy automatization with the photoacoustic signal of detected best allocation.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described light irradiation element is fixed on the described sonic generator, thus with described sonic generator interlock.

According to the present invention, light irradiation element and sonic generator interlock are so can move the excitation light source automatically from the position of the sonic generator of the best.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also have with the controllable pressing force of pressure described sonic generator and described sonic detection parts by the pressing component that is pressed on the described detected body.

According to the present invention, sonic generator and sound wave detection part are pushed the changeable pressure of detected body, so can remain on the pressure that sonic generator and sound wave detection part contact with detected body the pressure of regulation.In view of the above, can alleviate the influence of the pressure of pushing detected body.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described sonic generator is configured near the light beam from the intensity-modulated light of described light irradiation element.

According to the present invention, at position output sound wave, so can more correctly check reflect/scatter on the round of photoacoustic signal near the route of the light beam of intensity-modulated light.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, on the part of described sonic generator, also has the penetrating window of the light beam that sees through described intensity-modulated light.

According to the present invention, can be from the top of sonic generator to detected body exposure rate light modulated.In view of the above, can be from the position of the sonic generator of the best to detected body exposure rate light modulated.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, the frequency and/or the intensity of the described sound wave of described sonic generator output are variable.

According to the present invention, can use the sonic detection scattering object that equates with the photoacoustic signal frequency of sonic detection parts detection, so can more correctly check the influence that scattering object brings photoacoustic signal.In addition, can change according to the intensity of the sound wave that detects by described sonic detection parts, so when the intensity that detects by the sonic detection parts hour, the also intensity that can relatively detect from the intensity of the sound wave of sonic generator output.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described sonic generator with and/or described light irradiation element and face that described detected body contacts on also have acoustic impedance acoustical coupling member about equally with described detected body.

According to the present invention, can alleviate sonic generator or sonic detection parts at least any one with face that detected body contacts on reflect/scatter.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, 2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the composition as determination object presents presents than solvent.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation part is set at the wavelength that is characteristic absorption as the composition of determination object to light wavelength in described 2 light, and another light wavelength is set at the wavelength that solvent is the absorption that equates with absorption on the described light wavelength.

The present invention is set at described 2 light wavelengths in the method for controlling component concentration measuring device of 2 big light wavelengths of the difference of the absorption that the difference of the absorption that the liquid component as determination object presents presents than solvent at described smooth generation part, and the difference that makes the absorption that solvent presents is 0 situation.In view of the above, can remove the influence that the absorption desolvate causes.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, 2 also big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the composition as determination object presents presents than remaining composition.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, 2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents presents than water.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation part is set at the wavelength that is characteristic absorption as the blood constituent of determination object to light wavelength in described 2 light, and another light wavelength is set at the wavelength that water is the absorption that equates with absorption on a described light wavelength.

The present invention is set at described 2 light wavelengths in the method for controlling component concentration measuring device of 2 big light wavelengths of the difference of the absorption that the difference of the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents presents than water at described smooth generation part, and the difference that makes the absorption that water presents is 0 situation.In view of the above, can remove the influence that the absorption anhydrate causes.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, 2 also big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents presents than remaining blood constituent.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, between described light irradiation element and described detected body, also has the synthesizer of the light beam of synthetic irradiation.

Because being concentrated on, light measures the position, so can produce photoacoustic signal efficiently.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also have the detection amplifier unit of detection from the amplitude of the sound wave of described sonic detection parts.

Can detect the amplitude of sound wave in view of the above from the photoacoustic signal that detects.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described detection amplifier unit is the synchronous detection amplifier.

In view of the above can be from the amplitude of photoacoustic signal with the high-sensitivity detection sound wave.

The beam diameter of 2 light of described light irradiation element irradiation about equally.

Can make in view of the above and measure the position unanimity, improve and measure precision.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also has calculation of pressure from detected sound wave constituent concentration calculating unit in described detected body as the constituent concentration of the composition of determination object.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, the pressure of the sound wave that described constituent concentration calculating unit produces when the pressure of the sound wave that described detected body is shone 2 light of described different wave length and produce is zero divided by a light in described 2 light.

The pressure of the sound wave that is produced by 2 detected bodies of rayed of described different wave length becomes and mixes the corresponding acoustic pressure of the hypersorption of the state that exists and described another light by a described light that produce and composition determination object and water in detected body and be detected by the differing from of acoustic pressure that accounts for detected intravital most water generates, so according to the expression formula of describing later 5, described another light of acoustic pressure that produces when being zero with described difference divided by light in described 2 light just can be measured constituent concentration only by the acoustic pressure that accounts for detected intravital most water generates.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described optical modulator component is used and the identical frequency modulation(PFM) of resonant frequency about the sonic detection that produces in the described detected body.

In the present invention, two light of different wave length are carried out the synthetic modulating frequency of electric intensity respectively use and modulate, thereby can detect the sound wave that produces in the detected body with high accuracy about the identical frequency of the resonant frequency of the sonic detection that produces in the detected body.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation part is adjusted two light relative intensity separately of described different wave length, thereby is two photosynthetic ripples of the described different wave length of intensity modulated that 1 light beam and the pressure that makes the sound wave that water irradiation is produced are zero.

By described correction, the relative intensity of 2 light that the energy tuning wavelength is different, thereby the intensity of the photoacoustic signal that the light of each wavelength produces in accounting for detected intravital most water becomes equal, so can be under all states of the mensuration part that comprises photoacoustic signal, the relative intensity of 2 light that tuning wavelength is different improves and measures precision.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described sonic detection parts and described modulating frequency are synchronous, detect sound wave by synchronous detection.

By detecting described photoacoustic signal, can detect with high accuracy with the synchronous synchronous detection of described modulating frequency.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation part and described optical modulator component be by the identical and inverting each other square-wave signal of frequency, directly each of 2 semiconductor laser light resources modulated.

In the present invention, directly each of 2 semiconductor laser light resources modulated, can in 2 light that produce described different wave length, modulate by the identical and inverting each other square-wave signal of frequency, can the simplification device structure.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, be glucose as the blood constituent of determination object.

When measuring the concentration of glucose or cholesterol, be the wavelength of characteristic absorption by irradiation, can measure with high accuracy.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, also has the recording-member that writes down the sound wave of described sonic detection parts detection with modulating frequency accordingly.

By the parts that write down the value of the detected photoacoustic signal of sonic detection parts by each modulating frequency of scanning are set, when the variation of resonant frequency of the sonic detection parts that produce in the detected body, the scope that the sweep limits of the modulating frequency of the light of detected body irradiation is comprised described variation of resonant frequency, from the photoacoustic signal that detects, select value and accumulative total and average, can correctly measure constituent concentration with high-precision measuring.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described light irradiation element and described sonic detection component configuration are in opposed position roughly.

Modulate the photoacoustic signal that direction of light is radiated from detected body with the signal strength detection of maximum at the light irradiation element exposure rate.By light irradiation element and sound wave detection part are configured in roughly opposed position, can further improve the precision of the photoacoustic signal of sonic detection parts detection.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, around at least a portion of the light path of described intensity-modulated light, also have and prevent the shade of described intensity-modulated light to the external leaks of described component concentration measuring device.

According to the present invention, can prevent the external leaks of the component concentration measuring devices such as part of the detected body of intensity-modulated light beyond the part of checking.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, the part that the inboard of the annulus that is installed with in a part that surrounds described detected body contacts with described detected body also has the decorative element that has disposed described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts at least.

As mentioned above, at least dispose described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts by inboard in described ornamental portion with annulus that the part that surrounds described detected body is installed with, thereby described light irradiation element that is suppressed at moving of detected body described in the mensuration and causes and the distance between the described sonic detection parts, it is the variation of a part of thickness of the described detected body of the determination object between described light irradiation element and the described sonic detection parts, stablize the measured value of the sound wave that produces in the described detected body, prevent the distortion of the mensuration peripheral part partly of detected body, stablize multipath reflection, thereby can correctly measure constituent concentration as determination object from the mensuration peripheral part partly of described detected body.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described light irradiation element and described sonic detection component configuration are in the position of roughly putting toward each other of the annulus of described decorative element.

As mentioned above, by described light irradiation element of roughly opposed position configuration and described sonic detection parts at the annulus of described decorative element, can detect the sound wave that produces in the described detected body efficiently by described light irradiation element irradiates light and by described sonic detection parts, thereby can correctly measure constituent concentration as the determination object of described detected body.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, dispose the layer of padded coaming on the part of crossing over half circumference at least of the part that contacts with detected body in the inboard of the annulus of the described decorative element that comprises described sonic detection configuration of components position with the acoustic impedance that is similar to described detected body.

As mentioned above, the part of striding half circumference at least of the part that contacts with detected body by the inboard at the annulus of the described decorative element that comprises described sonic detection configuration of components position disposes the layer of the padded coaming with the acoustic impedance that is similar to described detected body, thereby can detect the part that directly arrives described sonic detection parts in the sound wave that produces in the detected body efficiently, and reduce in the sound wave that produces in the detected body behind the inboard interface multipath reflection of the annulus of described detected body and described decorative element, become the amount of the sound wave of noise by described sonic detection parts reception, can more correctly measure constituent concentration.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, between the face of the inboard of the layer of described padded coaming and the annulus of described decorative element, be filled with sound-absorbing material.

As mentioned above, by between the face of the inboard of the layer of described padded coaming and the annulus of described decorative element, being filled with sound-absorbing material, can reduce the sound wave that produces in the detected body becomes the amount of the sound wave of noise behind the boundary reflection of the face of the inboard of the annulus of the layer of described padded coaming and described decorative element, by described sonic detection parts reception, can more correctly measure constituent concentration.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation part produces 2 different light of wavelength by a plurality of semiconductor Laser devices.

As mentioned above, described smooth generation part utilizes a plurality of semiconductor Laser devices to produce 2 different light of wavelength, can make component concentration measuring device of the present invention miniaturization, lightness significantly in view of the above.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described light irradiation element has the beam diameter expander of the beam diameter expansion of the light that described smooth generation part is produced.

As mentioned above, described light irradiation element has the beam diameter expander of the beam diameter expansion of the light that described smooth generation part is produced, thereby the light beam to described detected body irradiation is enlarged, can the described detected body more intense light of irradiation not brought harmful effect, correctly measure the constituent concentration of the determination object that becomes described detected body.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described decorative element is the ring of wearing on the finger of human body, and described light irradiation element is configured in the back of the hand one side of described finger, and described sonic detection component configuration is in palm one side of described finger.

As mentioned above, described decorative element is the ring of wearing on the finger of human body, and described light irradiation element is configured in the back of the hand one side of described finger, described sonic detection component configuration is in palm one side of described finger, described in view of the above sonic detection parts can be measured the sound wave that produces in the described finger efficiently with the soft contact skin of described finger easily, so can more correctly measure constituent concentration.By described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts are installed at the inner surface of ring, can not bring obstruction to daily life, simply the constituent concentration of this human body of METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION.

In addition, in described component concentration measuring device, described decorative element is the bracelet of wearing on the arm of described human body, and described light irradiation element is configured in palm one side, and described sonic detection component configuration is in described the back of the hand one side.

As mentioned above, described decorative element is the bracelet of wearing on the arm of described human body, and described light irradiation element is configured in palm one side, described sonic detection component configuration is in described the back of the hand one side, described in view of the above sonic detection parts can easily can be measured the sound wave that produces in the described arm with the soft contact skin of described arm efficiently, so can more correctly measure constituent concentration.At the inner surface of described bracelet described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts are installed, can not be counteracted, simply the constituent concentration of this human body of METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION daily life.

Method of controlling component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that, comprises in order: the light generation part produces the light generation step of light; The frequency scanning parts will be modulated the frequency scanning step that the light frequency that produces in the described smooth generation step scans; Optical modulator component is undertaken the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity to the light that is produced by described smooth generation step by the signal by described frequency scanning step scanning; Light irradiation element is radiated in the described light modulation step by the rayed step of the light of intensity modulated to determinand; The sonic detection parts detect the sonic detection step of the sound wave that is produced by the light that shines in the described rayed step in determinand; Integrating block is the accumulative total step of the accumulative total in the modulation frequency range of scanning of detected sound wave in the described sonic detection step.

In the present invention, the modulation signal that scans in given range by frequency carries out the electric intensity modulation to light, intensity modulated rayed, detection is calculated the constituent concentration that becomes determination object in the determinand to the photoacoustic signal that detects by the photoacoustic signal of the light generation of irradiation.Here, the light wavelength of irradiation is set at the wavelength that the composition that becomes determination object presents absorption.The sensory characteristic of following the tracks of the sonic detection parts changes, and can become the constituent concentration of determination object with highly sensitive frequency measurement.

In addition, method of controlling component concentration measuring device of the present invention comprises the light generation step that the light generation part produces light, optical modulator component carries out the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity to the light that is produced by described smooth generation step with certain frequency, light irradiation element to determinand be radiated at intensity modulated in the described light modulation step the rayed step of light, the sonic detection parts detect the sonic detection step of the sound wave that is produced in described determinand by intensity-modulated light in the described rayed step, it is characterized in that: carry out described rayed step and described sonic detection step in the container that is filled with acoustic impedance and described determinand sound matter of matching about equally.

The invention is characterized in: under the acoustic impedance environment about equally of acoustic impedance and determinand, detect photoacoustic signal.The intensity modulated rayed of having carried out intensity modulated with certain frequency, detecting the sound wave that is produced by the light that shines by described sound matter of matching with the sonic detection parts is the concentration that photoacoustic signal is measured the special component that comprises in the determinand.By in the container that is filled with acoustic impedance and determinand sound matter of matching about equally, carrying out light irradiation process and sonic detection process, can surround with the sound matter of matching determinand around environment under detect photoacoustic signal.In view of the above, can reduce determinand with it around edge reflection and the decay that causes of the reflection of the photoacoustic signal that produces owing to determinand and contacting of sound wave detection part.

Method of controlling component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that, comprise in order: sonic generator is exported sound wave from the diverse location more than 2 to determinand, and the sonic detection parts detect the optimum position detection step that described intensity of acoustic wave becomes the position of particular value; Light irradiation element becomes particular value from the intensity of the described sound wave that sees through described determinand position has been carried out the intensity-modulated light of intensity modulated to described determinand irradiation with certain frequency, and described sonic detection parts detect from the sonic detection step of the sound wave of described determinand radiation.

The invention is characterized in, when using optoacoustic method mensuration to become the constituent concentration of determination object, from being that the ultrasound wave (being called sound wave here) that near the sonic generator the generation source of photoacoustic signal produces detects as contrast signal near the irradiation position that is placed on exciting light, and detect the generation source of photoacoustic signal and the position relation of sound wave detection part becomes best configuration.By configuration detection photoacoustic signal, measure constituent concentration on can be in the influence of the scattering object that the is subjected to the scattering exciting light few transmission route with detected the best.

If the configuration that becomes signal intensity certain, detected sound wave and become predetermined value with the attenuation of sound wave detects photoacoustic signal, with this detected configuration detection photoacoustic signal, thereby can detect the photoacoustic signal of the influence of uncertain factors such as having got rid of the variation that comprises the influence that scattering object that the variation by the position relation of the generation source of photoacoustic signal and sound wave detection part causes brings photoacoustic signal and sonic detection parts and contacting of determinand.In view of the above, can measure the constituent concentration of having got rid of along with the influence of many parameters of the configuration variation of component concentration measuring device.

When the best allocation of the determinand of the mensuration part of carrying out the optoacoustic method and each element, can be by each configured parts mechanization of adjusting, make itself and sonic detection parts interlock, thereby make the component concentration measuring automatization that carries out with best allocation.It should be noted that, in the present invention,, use with the synthetic intensity-modulated light of certain frequency as described exciting light.

According to the present invention, the round of sound wave is changed, after the influence that the scattering object that detects reflect/scatter by each round brings photoacoustic signal, the exposure rate light modulated also detects photoacoustic signal, propagates so that photoacoustic signal becomes at the intensity of acoustic wave that is detected by the sonic detection parts on the round of particular value.In view of the above, can use best configuration detection photoacoustic signal.

In addition, method of controlling component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that, comprises in order: the light generation part produces the light generation step of 2 light of different wave length; The signal that optical modulator component is identical by frequency, phase place is opposite carries out the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity to 2 light of the different wave length that produces respectively in described smooth generation step; Light irradiation element is the rayed step of 2 light of the different wave length that has carried out intensity modulated in the described light modulation step to the determinand irradiation; The sonic detection parts detect the sonic detection step of the sound wave that is produced by the light that shines in the described rayed step in described determinand.

In the present invention, the signal identical by frequency, that phase place is opposite carries out the electric intensity modulation to 2 light of different wave length, so can not be subjected to the influence ground of the frequency interdependence of sonic detection parts to detect the sound wave corresponding respectively with 2 light of different wave length.

Described light produces the sound wave of the pressure corresponding with the hypersorption of the mixing existence of the composition of the interior determination object of determinand and water, and described another light produces and the identical sound wave of acoustic pressure that is only produced by a described light by the most water that accounts for determinand, therefore poor according to both only detects the pressure of the sound wave that the composition by determination object produces.As a result, can measure the amount of the composition of determination object.

A described light make that produce and composition determination object and water in the determinand mixes that the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the hypersorption of the state that exists and described another light produces with only equate by the frequency of the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the absorption of the most water that accounts for determinand and phase place opposite, in determinand, stage at sound wave is overlapped, to detect the poor of acoustic pressure.Therefore, with measure respectively that a described light is that produce only to be calculated difference with the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the absorption of the most water that accounts for determinand and compare with composition determination object and water mix that the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the hypersorption of the state that exists and described another light produces in determinand, can be to measure the poor of acoustic pressure more accurately.This is the brand-new advantage that does not have in the prior art.

In the present invention, by each of 2 light of different wave length carried out the synthetic modulating frequency of electric intensity with determinand in the identical frequency of the relevant resonance frequency of the sonic detection that produces modulate, measure relevant with absorptance non-linear and 2 corresponding photoacoustic signals of light of the different wave length selected in the measured value of considering photoacoustic signal, can from these measured values, get rid of the influence of the many parameters that are difficult to keep certain, detect the sound wave that produces in the determinand with high accuracy.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, also comprise: the frequency scanning parts are to modulating the frequency scanning step that the light frequency that produces in the described smooth generation step scans; Integrating block is the accumulative total step of the accumulative total in the modulation frequency range of scanning of detected sound wave in described sonic detection step.

In the present invention, by the described photoacoustic signal that produces in described determinand is added up in the modulated reference signal of scanning, when the variation of resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts, also be accumulated at the value of the photoacoustic signal that goes out with high-sensitivity detection under the frequency consistent, so can measure with highly sensitive resonant frequency with the resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described sonic detection step is followed the tracks of the modulating frequency that scans in the described frequency scanning step, detects the sound wave that is produced in described determinand by the light that shines; Described accumulative total step is in the high modulation frequency range of the detection sensitivity of sound wave in described sonic detection step, detected sound wave step totally in the described sonic detection step.

In the present invention, the resonant frequency of the sonic detection parts that produce in determinand changes, when the modulating frequency of detection photoacoustic signal changes, the result of the photoacoustic signal that produces from the light that detects by the modulating frequency modulation of frequency scanning, irradiation judge detection sensitivity become maximum sonic detection parts resonant frequency variation and follow the tracks of the variation of resonant frequency, near resonant frequency, the detected value of photoacoustic signal is added up.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, also comprise the liquid component concentration calculation procedure of calculating the constituent concentration of the liquid component that becomes determination object from the sound wave of accumulative total described accumulative total step.

In the present invention, store and prepreparedly be illustrated in the photoacoustic signal that produces in the determinand and as the theoretical value or the experiment value of the relation of the constituent concentration of determination object, the value of the photoacoustic signal that produces in the detected determinand is calculated the constituent concentration of determination object.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, preferably in the container that is filled with the acoustic impedance sound matter of matching about equally of described determinand, carry out described rayed step and described sonic detection step.

By the container of filling with acoustic impedance and determinand sound matter of matching about equally is set, can in the container of filling, dispose determinand with acoustic impedance and determinand sound matter of matching about equally, be enclosed in by the sound matter of matching determinand around environment under detect photoacoustic signal.By under the environment that is being enclosed in the sound matter of matching around the measured object, detecting photoacoustic signal, can reduce determinand and it edge reflection and the decay that causes of the reflection of the photoacoustic signal that produces owing to determinand and contacting of sound wave detection part on every side from measured object.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, in described sonic detection step, detect described sound wave across acoustic impedance and described determinand sound matter of matching about equally.

By detecting photoacoustic signal, can prevent determinand and the edge reflection around it and act on pressure and vibration on the sonic detection parts across acoustic impedance and determinand sound matter of matching about equally.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, in described rayed step, described intensity-modulated light by being configured in described container internal face and for the exit window of described intensity modulated optical transparency described determinand is shone.

By making container have exit window for the intensity modulated optical transparency, light irradiation element can be arranged on external container, make the configuration of light irradiation element become easy.In addition, can so the fluctuating of the internal face of container disappears, can reduce the reflection of photoacoustic signal from the internal face exposure rate light modulated of container.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described determinand is covered the part of the described intensity-modulated light of irradiation by aqueous, colloidal sol shape or gelatinous described sound matter of matching.

The part of the exposure rate light modulated of determinand is covered by aqueous, colloidal sol shape or gelatinous sound matter of matching, thus can surround by the sound matter of matching determinand around environment under detect photoacoustic signal from determinand.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, also comprise sonic generator from the diverse location more than 2 to described determinand output sound wave, the sonic detection parts detect the optimum position that the described intensity of acoustic wave that sees through described determinand becomes the position of specific value and detect step; In described rayed step, described light irradiation element becomes the position of particular value to described determinand irradiates light from described intensity of acoustic wave.

According to the present invention, the round of sound wave is changed, exposure rate light modulated and detect photoacoustic signal after the influence that photoacoustic signal is brought by the scattering object of each round detection of reflected/scattering is propagated so that photoacoustic signal becomes at the intensity of acoustic wave that is detected by the sonic detection parts on the round of specific value.In view of the above, can use best configuration detection photoacoustic signal.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, the step of 2 light wavelengths that the difference of the described smooth generation step absorption that to be difference that described 2 light wavelengths are set at the absorption that the liquid component that becomes determination object presents present than solvent is also big.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation step is that light wavelength in described 2 light is set at the wavelength that the liquid component that becomes determination object is characteristic absorption, and another light wavelength is set at the step that solvent presents the wavelength of the absorption that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.

The present invention is set at described 2 light wavelengths in the method for controlling component concentration measuring device of 2 big light wavelengths of the difference of the absorption that the difference of the absorption that the liquid component as determination object presents presents than solvent at described smooth generation step, and the difference of the absorption that solvent presents is 0 situation.In view of the above, can remove the influence that the absorption desolvate causes.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation step is 2 also big light wavelengths of difference of absorption that the both sides' of described 2 light wavelengths wavelength set is presented than remaining liquid component for the difference of the absorption that presents as the liquid component of determination object.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, synthetic from the light beam of 2 light of described light irradiation element and to described determinand irradiation.

Because being concentrated on, light measures the position, so can produce photoacoustic signal efficiently.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, also the sound wave of described detection is carried out detection amplifies the amplitude that detects sound wave.

Can detect hyperacoustic amplitude from detected photoacoustic signal in view of the above.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, also comprise the liquid component concentration calculation procedure of constituent concentration that becomes the liquid component of determination object from the calculation of pressure of the sound wave that detects by described sonic detection step.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, after described sonic detection step, also comprise the recording step that writes down the sound wave that detects by described sonic detection step with modulating frequency accordingly.

By the parts of setting by the value of the photoacoustic signal of each modulating frequency record sonic detection parts detection of scanning, when the variation of resonant frequency of the sonic detection parts that produce, the sweep limits of the modulating frequency of the light of irradiation comprises the scope of described variation of resonant frequency, from the photoacoustic signal that detects, select the value and the accumulative total and average of high-precision measuring, can correctly measure the constituent concentration that becomes determination object.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, in described rayed step, the shadow surface of determinand and described intensity-modulated light disposes contiguously, and described intensity-modulated light is to described determinand direct irradiation.

Dispose contiguously and to determinand direct irradiation intensity-modulated light by shadow surface, can prevent the decay of the intensity-modulated light that the absorption of sound matter of matching causes determinand and intensity-modulated light.In view of the above, can so increase, can further improve the precision of the photoacoustic signal of sonic detection parts detection efficiently to determinand exposure rate light modulated from the photoacoustic signal of determinand emission.

In addition, method of controlling component concentration measuring device of the present invention comprises in order: the light generation part produces the light generation step of light; The frequency scanning parts will be modulated the frequency scanning step that the light frequency that produces in the described smooth generation step scans; Optical modulator component is undertaken the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity to the light that is produced by described smooth generation step by the signal by described frequency scanning step scanning; Light irradiation element be radiated at intensity modulated in the described light modulation step the rayed step of light; The sonic detection parts detect the sonic detection step of the sound wave that is produced by the light that shines in the described rayed step; Integrating block is the accumulative total step of the sound wave that detects in described sonic detection step accumulative total in the modulation frequency range of scanning.

In the present invention, the modulation signal that in given range, scans by frequency, light is carried out the electric intensity modulation, and intensity modulated rayed, detect photoacoustic signal that the light by irradiation produces and, calculate the constituent concentration that becomes determination object in the detected body after the photoacoustic signal accumulative total that detects.Here, the light wavelength of irradiation is set at the wavelength that the composition that becomes determination object presents absorption.The sensory characteristic of following the tracks of the sonic detection parts changes, and can become the constituent concentration of determination object with highly sensitive frequency measurement.

In addition, method of controlling component concentration measuring device of the present invention comprises the light generation step that the light generation part produces light, optical modulator component carries out the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity to the light that is produced by described smooth generation step with certain frequency, light irradiation element be radiated at intensity modulated in the described light modulation step the rayed step of light, the sonic detection parts detect the sonic detection step of the sound wave that is produced by intensity-modulated light in described rayed step, it is characterized in that: carry out described rayed step and described sonic detection step in the container that is filled with acoustic impedance and detected body sound matter of matching about equally.

The invention is characterized in, under the environment of acoustic impedance and detected body acoustic impedance about equally, detect photoacoustic signal.The intensity modulated rayed of having carried out intensity modulated with certain frequency, detecting the sound wave that is produced by the light that shines by described sound matter of matching with the sonic detection parts is photoacoustic signal, measures the concentration of the special component that comprises in the liquid.By in the container that is filled with acoustic impedance and detected body sound matter of matching about equally, carrying out described light irradiation process and described sonic detection process, can surround with the sound matter of matching detected body around environment under detect photoacoustic signal.In view of the above, can reduce detected body with it around edge reflection and the decay that causes of the reflection of the photoacoustic signal that produces owing to detected body and contacting of sound wave detection part.

In addition, method of controlling component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that, comprise in order: sonic generator is from the output of the diverse location more than 2 sound wave, and the sonic detection parts detect the optimum position detection step that the described intensity of acoustic wave that sees through detected body becomes the position of specific value; Light irradiation element becomes specific value from the intensity of described sound wave position irradiation has been carried out the intensity-modulated light of intensity modulated with certain frequency, and described sonic detection parts detect the sonic detection step of the sound wave that is produced by described intensity-modulated light.

The invention is characterized in, when using optoacoustic method mensuration to become the constituent concentration of determination object, from being that the ultrasound wave (being called sound wave here) that near the sonic generator the generation source of photoacoustic signal produces detects as contrast signal near the irradiation position that is placed on exciting light, detect the generation source of photoacoustic signal and the position relation of sound wave detection part and become best configuration.By configuration detection photoacoustic signal, can measure constituent concentration at the little transmission route of the influence that is subjected to scattering objects such as bone in detected the best.

If the configuration that becomes signal intensity certain, detected sound wave and become predetermined value with the attenuation of sound wave detects photoacoustic signal, with with this detected configuration detection photoacoustic signal, can detect the photoacoustic signal of the influence of uncertain factors such as having got rid of the variation that comprises the influence that scattering object that variation that the position by the generation source of photoacoustic signal and sound wave detection part concerns causes brings photoacoustic signal and sonic detection parts and contacting of detected body.In view of the above, can measure the constituent concentration of having got rid of along with the influence of many parameters of the configuration variation of component concentration measuring device.

At the determinand of the mensuration part of carrying out the optoacoustic method particularly during the best allocation of organism and each element, can be by each configured parts mechanization of adjusting, make itself and sonic detection parts interlock, thereby make component concentration measuring automatization with best allocation.It should be noted that, in the present invention,, use with the synthetic intensity-modulated light of certain frequency as described exciting light.

According to the present invention, the round of sound wave is changed, after the influence that the scattering object that detects reflect/scatter by each round brings photoacoustic signal, the exposure rate light modulated also detects photoacoustic signal, propagates so that photoacoustic signal becomes at the intensity of acoustic wave that is detected by the sonic detection parts on the round of specific value.In view of the above, can use best configuration detection photoacoustic signal.

In addition, method of controlling component concentration measuring device of the present invention is characterised in that, comprises in order: the light generation part produces the light generation step of 2 light of different wave length; The signal that optical modulator component is identical by frequency, phase place is opposite carries out the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity to 2 light of the different wave length that produces respectively in described smooth generation step; Light irradiation element is 2 light-struck rayed steps of the different wave length that has carried out intensity modulated in the described light modulation step; The sonic detection parts detect the sonic detection step of the sound wave that is produced by the light that shines in the described rayed step.

In the present invention, the signal identical by frequency, that phase place is opposite carries out the electric intensity modulation to 2 light of different wave length, so can not be subjected to the influence ground of the frequency interdependence of sonic detection parts to detect the sound wave corresponding respectively with 2 light of different wave length.

Described light produces the sound wave of the pressure corresponding with the hypersorption of the mixing existence of the composition of detected intravital determination object and water, and described another light produces and the identical sound wave of acoustic pressure that is only produced by a described light by the most water that accounts for detected body, therefore poor according to both only detects the pressure of the sound wave that the composition by determination object produces.As a result, can measure the amount of the composition of determination object.

A described light make that produce and composition determination object and water in the detected body mixes that the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the hypersorption of the state that exists and described another light produces with only equate and anti-phase by the pressure frequency of the corresponding sound wave of the absorption of the most water that accounts for detected body, in detected body, stage at sound wave is overlapped, to detect the poor of acoustic pressure.Therefore, with measure respectively that a described light that produce and composition determination object and water in detected body mixes that the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the hypersorption of the state that exists and described another light produces only calculate difference and compare with the pressure of the corresponding sound wave of the absorption of the most water that accounts for detected body, can be to measure the poor of acoustic pressure more accurately.This is the brand-new advantage that does not have in the prior art.

In the present invention, by each of 2 light of different wave length carried out the synthetic modulating frequency of electric intensity with modulate about the identical frequency of the resonance frequency of the sonic detection that produces in the detected body, measure with the measured value of considering photoacoustic signal in absorptance relevant non-linear and 2 corresponding photoacoustic signals of light of the different wave length selected, can from these measured values, get rid of the influence of the many parameters that are difficult to keep certain, detect the sound wave that produces in the detected body with high accuracy.

In described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, also comprise the second rayed step that second light irradiation element shines described light intermittently with the interval also longer than the recurrence interval of described same frequency, in described sonic detection step, described sonic detection parts detect by the sound wave that light produced that shines in described rayed step and the described second rayed step.

According to the present invention, the generating capacity of the photoacoustic signal that the absorption of the composition in the detected body, particularly bio-tissue causes is increased, and can non-invasion and attack and correctly measure constituent concentration.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, the irradiation of described second light irradiation element presents the light with the wavelength of the characteristic absorption of the composition heterogeneity that becomes determination object.

Compare with non-blood tissues, the temperature of blood tissues is risen, only increase the photoacoustic signal of blood constituent.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, the light of the wavelength that the hemoglobin expression characteristics in the described second light irradiation element irradiation of blood absorbs.

The temperature of hemoglobin is risen, only increase the photoacoustic signal of the blood that comes self-contained hemoglobin.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described second light irradiation element is so that detected body produces the interval irradiates light that the temperature below 2 ℃ rises.

Can be suppressed at Min. to influence in view of the above to detected body.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described second light irradiation element is so that described detected body produces the intensity irradiates light that the temperature below 2 ℃ rises.

Can be suppressed at Min. to influence in view of the above to detected body.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, also comprise: the frequency scanning parts will be modulated the frequency scanning step that the light frequency that produces in the described smooth generation step scans; Integrating block is the accumulative total step of the sound wave that detects in described sonic detection step accumulative total in the modulation frequency range of scanning.

In the present invention, in described photoacoustic signal accumulative total in the modulated reference signal of scanning by producing in described detected body, when the variation of resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts, also be accumulated at high sensitivity under the frequency consistent and the value of detected photoacoustic signal, so can measure with highly sensitive resonant frequency with the resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described sonic detection step is followed the tracks of the modulating frequency that scans in the described frequency scanning step, detects the sound wave by the light generation of irradiation; In the high modulation frequency range of the detection sensitivity of described accumulative total step sound wave in described sonic detection step, totally the sound wave that detects in the described sonic detection step.

In the present invention, the resonant frequency of the sonic detection parts that produce in detected body changes, and the modulating frequency that detects photoacoustic signal is when changing, the result of the photoacoustic signal that the light of modulating, shining from detected modulating frequency by frequency scanning produces judges that detection sensitivity becomes the variation of the resonant frequency of maximum sonic detection parts, and the variation of tracking resonant frequency, near resonant frequency, the detected value of photoacoustic signal is added up.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, the sound wave that also comprises accumulative total from described accumulative total step calculates the constituent concentration calculation procedure of the constituent concentration of the composition that becomes determination object.

In the present invention, store and prepreparedly be illustrated in the photoacoustic signal that produces in the detected body and as the theoretical value or the experiment value of the relation of the constituent concentration of determination object, the value of the photoacoustic signal that produces in the detected detected body is calculated the constituent concentration of determination object.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, preferably in the container that is filled with the acoustic impedance sound matter of matching about equally of detected body, carry out described rayed step and described sonic detection step.

By in the container of filling, carrying out described rayed step and described sonic detection step with acoustic impedance and detected body sound matter of matching about equally, can surround by the sound matter of matching detected body around environment under detect photoacoustic signal.In view of the above, can reduce detected body with it around edge reflection and the deterioration of the photoacoustic signal that produces owing to detected body and contacting of sound wave detection part.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, in described sonic detection step, detect described sound wave across acoustic impedance and described detected body sound matter of matching about equally.

By detecting photoacoustic signal, can prevent detected body and the edge reflection around it and act on pressure and vibration on the sonic detection parts across acoustic impedance and detected body sound matter of matching about equally.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, in described rayed step, described intensity-modulated light by being configured in described container internal face and for the exit window irradiation of described intensity modulated optical transparency.

By making container have exit window for the intensity modulated optical transparency, can be at the exterior arrangement light irradiation element of container, so that the configuration of light irradiation element becomes is easy.In addition, can so the fluctuating of the internal face of container disappears, can reduce the reflection of photoacoustic signal from the internal face exposure rate light modulated of container.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described detected body is covered the part of the described intensity-modulated light of irradiation by aqueous, colloidal sol shape or gelatinous described sound matter of matching.

The part of the exposure rate light modulated of detected body is covered by aqueous, colloidal sol shape or gelatinous sound matter of matching, thus can surround by the sound matter of matching detected body around environment under detect photoacoustic signal from detected body.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described container is filled by the water as described sound matter of matching.

The acoustic impedance of detected body is very near water, so water surround detected body around environment under detect photoacoustic signal, can reduce detected body and its edge reflection on every side and the deterioration of the photoacoustic signal that produces owing to detected body and contacting of sound wave detection part.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, also comprise: light irradiation element is from the output of the diverse location more than 2 sound wave, and the sonic detection parts detect the optimum position detection step that the described intensity of acoustic wave that sees through described detected body becomes the position of specific value.

According to the present invention, the round of sound wave is changed, the influence that photoacoustic signal is brought by the scattering object of each round detection of reflected/scattering.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, in described rayed step, described light irradiation element becomes the position irradiates light of particular value from the intensity of described sound wave.

So that photoacoustic signal becomes the mode exposure rate light modulated of propagating on the route of particular value and detects photoacoustic signal in the intensity of the sound wave that is detected by the sonic detection parts, can be with the configuration detection photoacoustic signal of the best.In addition, make optimum position detection part and light irradiation element interlock, can be with the configuration detection photoacoustic signal of the best.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, in described sonic detection step, described light irradiation element is by the penetrating window irradiation for described intensity modulated optical transparency on the part that is arranged on described sonic generator.

According to the present invention, can be from the top of sonic generator to detected body exposure rate light modulated.In view of the above, can from roughly the same position, the position of the sonic generator of the best to detected body exposure rate light modulated.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, detect in the step in described optimum position, the described sound wave of described sonic generator output and described intensity modulated light frequency frequency about equally, perhaps, increase and decrease the intensity of the described sound wave of output according to intensity by the detected sound wave of described sonic detection parts.

According to the present invention, the influence that the sound wave inspection scattering object that can equate with the frequency of the photoacoustic signal that detects with the sonic detection parts brings photoacoustic signal.In addition, increase and decrease from the intensity of the sound wave of sonic generator output, so the intensity that detects by the sonic detection parts hour, the also intensity that can relatively detect according to the intensity of the sound wave that detects by described sonic detection parts.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, detect in the step in described optimum position, described sonic generator and described sonic detection parts with controllable pressing force described sonic generator and described sonic detection parts by being pressed on the described detected body, detect described sound wave.

According to the present invention, sonic generator and sound wave detection part are pushed the changeable pressure of detected body, so can remain on the pressure that sonic generator and sound wave detection part contact with detected body the pressure of regulation.In view of the above, can alleviate the influence of the pressure of pushing detected body.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, 2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation step is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the composition as determination object presents presents than solvent.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation step is that light wavelength in described 2 light is set at the wavelength that the composition expression characteristics as determination object absorbs, and another light wavelength is set at the step that solvent presents the wavelength that equates with absorption to a described side's light wavelength.

The present invention is that the difference of the absorption that solvent presents is zero situation in the method for controlling component concentration measuring device of the step of 2 big light wavelengths of the difference with absorption that the difference that is set at the absorption that the composition as determination object presents presents than solvent.In view of the above, can remove the influence that the absorption desolvate causes.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, the step of 2 light wavelengths that the difference of the described smooth generation step absorption that to be difference that described 2 light wavelengths are set at the absorption that the composition as determination object presents present than remaining liquid component is also big.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, the step of 2 light wavelengths that the difference of the described smooth generation step absorption that to be difference that described 2 light wavelengths are set at the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents present than water is also big.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation step is that light wavelength in described 2 light is set at the wavelength that the blood constituent expression characteristics as determination object absorbs, and another light wavelength is set at the step that water presents the wavelength that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.

The present invention is set at described 2 light wavelengths in the method for controlling component concentration measuring device of 2 big light wavelengths of the difference of the absorption that the difference of the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents presents than water at described smooth generation step, and the difference of the absorption that water presents is zero situation.In view of the above, can remove the influence that the absorption anhydrate causes.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, the step of 2 light wavelengths that the difference of the described smooth generation step absorption that to be difference that described 2 light wavelengths are set at the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents present than remaining blood constituent is big.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, synthetic and irradiation from 2 light beams of described light irradiation element.

Light is concentrated on measure the position, so can produce photoacoustic signal efficiently.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, also described detected sound wave is carried out the amplitude that sound wave is amplified and detects in detection.

Can detect hyperacoustic amplitude from detected photoacoustic signal in view of the above.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, it is that synchronous detection amplifies that described detection is amplified.

In view of the above can be from photoacoustic signal with the hyperacoustic amplitude of high-sensitivity detection.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, make about equally from the beam diameter of 2 light of described light irradiation element.

Can make in view of the above and measure the position unanimity, improve and measure precision.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, also comprise from the calculation of pressure of the sound wave that detects by described sonic detection step constituent concentration calculation procedure as the constituent concentration of the composition of determination object.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described constituent concentration calculation procedure is the pressure of mensuration by the sound wave of 2 light generations of described different wave length, measure the pressure of the sound wave that when 1 light is zero in described 2 light, produces, the step of the pressure of the sound wave that produces by 2 light pressure of the sound wave of generation when 1 light is zero in described 2 light.

The pressure of the sound wave that shines 2 light of described different wave length and produce becomes a described light that produce and composition determination object and water in detected body and mixes the corresponding acoustic pressure of the hypersorption of the state that exists and described another light differing from and be detected by the acoustic pressure that accounts for detected intravital most water generates, so according to the expression formula of describing later 5, with described difference divided by according to light in described 2 light be the acoustic pressure that produced in 0 o'clock be described another light only by the acoustic pressure that accounts for detected intravital most water generates, just can measure constituent concentration.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described light modulation step is to use the frequency identical with the resonant frequency relevant with the detection of the sound wave that produces to carry out synthetic step.

In the present invention, two light of different wave length carry out respectively the synthetic modulating frequency of electric intensity with detected body in the identical frequency of the relevant resonant frequency of the sonic detection that produces modulate, thereby can detect the sound wave that produces in the detected body with high accuracy.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, between described light modulation step and described rayed step, also comprise with described intensity modulated 2 photosynthetic ripples of different wave length be the intensity set-up procedure that the mode of the pressure vanishing of a light beam and the sound wave that irradiation is produced to water is adjusted described 2 light relative intensity separately.

According to described correction, can become the relative intensity of 2 light of different wave length is proofreaied and correct the photoacoustic signal that produces for the light that makes each wavelength in accounting for detected intravital most water intensity equal, so can be under all states of the mensuration part that comprises photoacoustic signal, the relative intensity of 2 light that tuning wavelength is different improves and measures precision.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described sonic detection step is synchronously to be detected the step of sound wave by synchronous detection with described modulating frequency.

By detecting described photoacoustic signal, can detect accurately with the synchronous synchronous detection of described modulating frequency.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, described smooth generation step is by the identical and inverting each other square-wave signal of frequency 2 semiconductor laser light resources to be distinguished direct synthetic steps with described light modulation step.

In the present invention, directly 2 semiconductor laser light resources are modulated respectively, can in 2 light that produce described different wave length, be modulated the simplification device structure by the square-wave signal that frequency is identical and inverting each other.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, be glucose or cholesterol as the blood constituent of determination object.

When measuring the concentration of glucose or cholesterol,, can measure with high accuracy by the wavelength of irradiation performance characteristic absorption.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, after described sonic detection step, also comprise the recording step that writes down the sound wave that detects by described sonic detection step with modulating frequency accordingly.

By the parts that write down the value of the detected photoacoustic signal of sonic detection parts by each modulating frequency of scanning are set, during the variation of resonant frequency of the sonic detection parts that in detected body, produce, the scope that the sweep limits of the modulating frequency of the light of detected body irradiation is comprised described variation of resonant frequency, from detected photoacoustic signal, select value and accumulative total and average, can correctly measure constituent concentration with high-precision measuring.

In addition, in described method of controlling component concentration measuring device, in described rayed step, the shadow surface of detected body and described intensity-modulated light disposes contiguously.

Dispose detected body contiguously and to detected body direct irradiation intensity-modulated light by shadow surface, can prevent the decay of the intensity-modulated light that the absorption of sound matter of matching causes with intensity-modulated light.In view of the above, can so can increase, further improve the precision of the photoacoustic signal of sonic detection parts detection efficiently to detected body exposure rate light modulated from the photoacoustic signal of detected body emission.

The component concentration measuring device of non-invasion and attack formula of the present invention and method of controlling component concentration measuring device are when measuring constituent concentration to the photoacoustic signal of liquid or detected body exposure rate light modulated and mensuration generation, in the frequency range of the highly sensitive variation of resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts, the modulating frequency of intensity modulated is carried out described light in scanning, measure photoacoustic signal with the frequency that described modulating frequency is consistent with the resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts, thereby can correctly measure constituent concentration as determination object.

Because the component concentration measuring device of non-invasion and attack formula of the present invention and the method for controlling component concentration measuring device signal by same frequency carries out intensity modulated to 2 light of different wave length and to liquid or the irradiation of detected body, measure the photoacoustic signal that produces in liquid or the detected body, so be not subjected to the influence of inhomogeneities of the frequency characteristic of sonic detection parts.In the scope of the resonant frequency that comprises variable described sonic detection parts, the modulating frequency of intensity modulated is carried out described light in scanning, by the frequency measurement photoacoustic signal consistent with the resonant frequency of described sonic detection parts, so detector is difficult to be subjected to external action, can carry out correct mensuration.

In addition, component concentration measuring device of the present invention and method of controlling component concentration measuring device detect photoacoustic signal under the acoustic impedance environment about equally of acoustic impedance and determinand or detected body, thus can prevent detected body with it around edge reflection and the decay that causes of the reflection of the photoacoustic signal that produces owing to detected body and contacting of sound wave detection part.Can also prevent the precise decreasing of the collection sound state and the photoacoustic signal that variations in temperature causes of sonic detection parts.

According to the present invention, become best configuration by the generation source of detection photoacoustic signal and the position relation of sound wave detection part, can influence little best allocation at scattering objects such as being subjected to bone and detect photoacoustic signal, measure constituent concentration.

Become the configuration detection photoacoustic signal of predetermined value with the signal intensity of detected sound wave, can measure the constituent concentration of having got rid of along with the influence of many parameters of the configuration variation of component concentration measuring device.

By with certain pressure the sonic detection parts by being pressed on the detected body, can alleviate the influence of the pressure of pushing detected body.

Therefore, in the optoacoustic method, the influence that alleviates the influence of reflect/scatter or push the pressure of detected body, the mensuration precision of raising photoacoustic signal.

The component concentration measuring device of non-invasion and attack formula of the present invention is considered non-linear 2 light selecting different wave length relevant with the absorptance of photoacoustic signal with method of controlling component concentration measuring device, mensuration is for the photoacoustic signal of these light, get rid of the influence of the many parameters be difficult to keep certain, can correctly calculate constituent concentration as determination object.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention is considered non-linear 2 light selecting different wave length relevant with the absorptance of photoacoustic signal with method of controlling component concentration measuring device, mensuration is for the photoacoustic signal of these light, get rid of the influence of the many parameters be difficult to keep certain, can correct calculating composition concentration.The component concentration measuring device of non-invasion and attack formula of the present invention and method of controlling component concentration measuring device carry out intensity modulated by the signal of same frequency to 2 light of different wave length and to detected body irradiation, measure the photoacoustic signal that produces in the detected body, so can not be subjected to the influence of inhomogeneity of the frequency characteristic of sonic detection parts, and can use detector to the effective sympathetic response type of the raising of sonic detection sensitivity, also can measure in short time for valetudinarian and the animal that moves around.Component concentration measuring device of the present invention and method of controlling component concentration measuring device can be that detect the place ahead Spread type of the sound wave of propagating in the irradiates light direction or detect can miniaturization arbitrary structures, the especially latter of the rear Spread type of the sound wave of propagating towards the direction of driving in the wrong direction of irradiates light.

In addition, component concentration measuring device of the present invention and method of controlling component concentration measuring device can non-invasion and attack and are correctly measured the composition that comprises in the liquid.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention and method of controlling component concentration measuring device be by to 3 kinds of light of detected body irradiation and measure photoacoustic signal from detected body, can non-invasion and attack and correctly measure the constituent concentration that comprises in the detected body.If the 3rd light wavelength is set at the wavelength that has only blood to present absorption, just can remove background signal from non-blood tissues.

Component concentration measuring device of the present invention can non-invasively be measured the constituent concentration of detected body.In addition, the size that comprises the detected body of lateral parts keeps certain, can further suppress the echo from detected body side surface, so can stablize and correctly carry out the mensuration of constituent concentration.Component concentration measuring device of the present invention is ring type or bracelet type, thereby can constitute device small-sized, that be close to, can portable wearing.

Description of drawings

Following brief description accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the key diagram of structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Fig. 2 is the key diagram that biological intravital source of sound distributes.

Fig. 3 is the key diagram of the shape function of biological intravital source of sound distribution.

Fig. 4 is the key diagram of photoacoustic signal of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Fig. 5 is the key diagram of photoacoustic signal of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Fig. 6 is the key diagram of photoacoustic signal of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Fig. 7 is the key diagram of the optical wavelength of the optical absorption characteristics of expression water and glucose and use.

Fig. 8 is the key diagram of the optical absorption characteristics of expression water and glucose.

Fig. 9 is the key diagram of structure example of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Figure 10 is the key diagram of structure example of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Figure 11 is the key diagram of the optical absorption characteristics of expression water.

Figure 12 is the key diagram of the optical absorption characteristics of expression cholesterol.

Figure 13 is the key diagram of structure example of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Figure 14 is the key diagram of example of the blood constituent concentration determination of an example of expression.

Figure 15 is the key diagram of example of the blood constituent concentration determination of an example of expression.

Figure 16 is the key diagram of the photoacoustic signal of an example of expression.

Figure 17 is the key diagram of the photoacoustic signal of an example of expression.

Figure 18 is the key diagram of embodiment of the blood constituent concentration determination of an example of expression.

Figure 19 is the key diagram of embodiment of the blood constituent concentration determination of an example of expression.

Figure 20 is the key diagram of structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Figure 21 is the key diagram of sensory characteristic of the supersonic detector of an example.

Figure 22 is the key diagram of structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Figure 23 is the sketch map of an example of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Figure 24 is the D-D ' sectional elevation of Figure 23, first mode of expression blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.

Figure 25 is the D-D ' sectional elevation of Figure 23, second mode of expression blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.

Figure 26 is the longitudinal section of the cubic formula of expression blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.

Figure 27 is the longitudinal section of the 5th mode of expression blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.

Figure 28 is the F-F ' sectional elevation of Figure 27.

Figure 29 is the circuit diagram of an example of expression blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.

Figure 30 is the longitudinal section of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus, and the example of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus is used in expression to the finger tip of human body.

Figure 31 is the H-H ' sectional elevation of Figure 30.

Figure 32 is the longitudinal section of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus, and the example of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus is used in expression to the finger tip of human body.

Figure 33 is the N-N ' sectional elevation of Figure 33.

Figure 34 is the circuit diagram of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example.

Figure 35 is the sketch map of an example of expression sonic generator and sound wave detection part, (a) is outside drawing, (b) is the vertical view of sonic generator, (c) is the axonometric chart of sonic generator, (d) is the upward view of sonic generator.

Figure 36 is the circuit diagram of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an embodiment.

Figure 37 is the key diagram of structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Figure 38 is the key diagram of structure of ornamental portion of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example.

Figure 39 is the key diagram of structure of ornamental portion of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example.

Figure 40 is the key diagram of structure of ornamental portion of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example.

Figure 41 is the key diagram of the ring type ornamental portion of an example.

Figure 42 is the key diagram of detail of the ring type ornamental portion of an example.

Figure 43 is the key diagram in cross section of the ring type ornamental portion of an example.

Figure 44 is the key diagram of light generating unit of the ring type of an example.

Figure 45 is the key diagram in cross section of the ring type ornamental portion of an example.

Figure 46 is the key diagram of the ring type ornamental portion of an example.

Figure 47 is the key diagram of the ring type ornamental portion of an example.

Figure 48 is the key diagram in cross section of the ring type ornamental portion of an example.

Figure 49 is the key diagram of the structure example of the existing blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of expression.

Figure 50 is the key diagram of the structure example of the existing blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of expression.

Figure 51 is the key diagram of existing blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.

Figure 52 is the key diagram of the installation constitution of existing blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.

Figure 53 is the key diagram of the sensory characteristic of supersonic detector.

Figure 54 is the key diagram of the sensory characteristic of supersonic detector.

Figure 55 is the cutaway view of the structure example of expression finger.

Figure 56 is the cutaway view of the finger of human body, and (a) the expression photoacoustic signal is by bone scattering situation, and (b) the expression photoacoustic signal is by the situation of bone decay.

Figure 57 is the key diagram of structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Figure 58 is the key diagram of calculating principle of the blood constituent concentration of an example.

Figure 59 is the key diagram of calculating principle of the blood constituent concentration of an example.

Figure 60 is the figure of embodiment of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

Figure 61 is the figure of embodiment of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of an example of expression.

The specific embodiment

The following describes example of the present invention.The present invention is not limited to following example.It should be noted that, in following example, component concentration measuring device and method of controlling component concentration measuring device are described as blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus or blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method, if but an organism as detected body is replaced into the liquid as determinand, is the blood replacing as detected body liquid as determinand, water is replaced into the solvent of liquid, just can implements as liquid component concentration measurement apparatus or liquid component concentration measurement apparatus control method.In addition, detected body is not limited to organism or blood, for example also comprises " lymph fluid " or " tear " etc.In addition, the applying biological body is during as detected body, is not limited to blood constituent as the composition of determination object, for example also comprises " lymph fluid composition " or compositions such as " tear compositions ".According to determination object, can measure various compositions.

(example 1)

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example comprises: the light generation part that produces 2 light of different wave length; The signal identical by frequency, that phase place is opposite carries out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity to 2 light of this different wave length; Intensity modulated 2 photosynthetic ripples of this different wave length be 1 light beam and to the light irradiation element of organism irradiation; Detection is by the sonic detection parts of the sound wave that produces in vivo of light of irradiation; Blood constituent concentration calculating unit from the biological intravital blood constituent concentration of the calculation of pressure of detected sound wave.The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is used in the example 2 that can also illustrate in the back, example 3, example 4, example 5, the example 6 except using in this example.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described smooth generation part is set at the wavelength that the blood constituent expression characteristics absorbs to a light wavelength, another light wavelength is set at water presents the wavelength that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.

With reference to Fig. 1, the structure of this example is described.Fig. 1 represents the basic structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example.In Fig. 1, as first light source 101 of the part of light generation part by synchronously carrying out intensity modulated as the drive circuit 104 of the part of optical modulator component and agitator 103 as the part of optical modulator component.

And as the secondary light source 105 of the part of light generation part by synchronously carrying out intensity modulated with described agitator 103 as the drive circuit 108 of the part of optical modulator component is same.; the output process of agitator 103 is as 180 ° of phase shifters, 107 pairs of drive circuits, 108 power supplies of the part of optical modulator component; as a result, the mode of carrying out intensity modulated with the signal that has changed 180 ° of phase places for described first light source 101 constitutes secondary light source 105.

Here, first light source 101 shown in Figure 1 and a light wavelength in the secondary light source 105 are set at the wavelength that the blood constituent expression characteristics absorbs, another light wavelength are set at water present the wavelength that equates with absorption a described light wavelength.

First light source 101 and secondary light source 105 are exported the light of different wave length respectively, and Shu Chu light closes ripple by the wave multiplexer 109 as light irradiation element respectively, as a light beam organism as detected body are examined portion's 110 irradiations.The sound wave that is produced in organism is examined portion 110 by the light of being exported respectively by first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 that is shone is that the supersonic detector 113 of the photoacoustic signal part that is used as the sonic detection parts is detected, and is transformed to and the proportional signal of telecommunication of the acoustic pressure of photoacoustic signal.The described signal of telecommunication is by phase detection amplifier 114 synchronous detections as the part of sonic detection parts synchronous with described agitator 103, to lead-out terminal 115 outputs and the proportional signals of telecommunication of acoustic pressure.

Here, proportional to the light that the intensity of the signal of lead-out terminal 115 output and first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 exports respectively by the amount that organism is examined the composition absorption in the portion 110, so that the intensity of described signal and organism are examined the amount of the interior composition of portion 110 is proportional.Therefore, blood constituent concentration calculating unit (not shown) is from calculating the one-tenth component that organism is examined the determination object the blood in the portion 110 to the measured value of the intensity of the described signal of lead-out terminal 115 output.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is that the signal of same frequency carries out intensity modulated to 2 different light of wavelength of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 outputs with same period, so have the characteristics of influence of the inhomogeneity of the frequency characteristic that is not subjected to supersonic detector 113, this point is better than prior art.

As mentioned above, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example can be measured blood constituent accurately.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example comprises in order: the light generation part produces the light generation step of 2 light of different wave length; The signal that optical modulator component is identical by frequency, phase place is opposite carries out the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity to 2 light of the different wave length that produces in the described smooth generation step; Light irradiation element is 2 photosynthetic ripples of the different wave length of intensity modulated in the described light modulation step 1 light beam and to the rayed step of organism irradiation; The sonic detection parts detect the sonic detection step of the sound wave that is produced in vivo by the light that shines in the described rayed step; Blood constituent concentration calculation procedure from the biological intravital blood constituent concentration of the calculation of pressure of detected sound wave.It should be noted that the blood constituent concentration calculation procedure of this example is used in the example 2 that can also illustrate in the back, example 3, example 4, example 5, the example 6 except using in this example.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example, described smooth generation step is set at the wavelength that the blood constituent expression characteristics absorbs to a light wavelength, another light wavelength is set at water presents the wavelength that equates with absorption, produce 2 light of different wave length a described light wavelength.

Here, carry out the synthetic method of electric intensity as 2 light to different wave length, can be 2 light that produce different wave length, signal by 180 ° of the identical and phase phase difference of frequency then, use manipulator that 2 light of different wave length are carried out the synthetic method of electric intensity respectively, also can be the situation of example as shown in Figure 1, drive circuit 104 and drive circuit 108 carry out the direct modulation method of intensity modulated when making first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 luminous respectively.

Carried out 2 light of described different wave length of intensity modulated to close ripple be a light beam and organism shone by wave multiplexer shown in Figure 1 109 respectively by described step, utilizing supersonic detector shown in Figure 1 113 to detect the sound wave that 2 light by the described different wave length of irradiation produce respectively in vivo is photoacoustic signal and is transformed to the signal of telecommunication, the described signal of telecommunication is again by phase detection amplifier 114 synchronous detections shown in Figure 1, and to lead-out terminal 115 outputs and the proportional signals of telecommunication of photoacoustic signal.Then, in blood constituent concentration calculation procedure, from the biological intravital blood constituent concentration of calculation of pressure of the sound wave that detects by the sonic detection step.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example is that the signal of same frequency carries out intensity modulated to 2 light of the different wave length of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 outputs with same period, so have the not characteristics of the inhomogenous influence of the frequency characteristic of the mensuration part of examined sound wave, this point is better than prior art.

As mentioned above, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example can be with the high-precision measuring blood constituent.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described optical modulator component also can be to use and carry out synthetic parts about the identical frequency of the resonance frequency of the sonic detection that produces in the organism.It should be noted that, in the example 2 that the optical modulator component that illustrates in this example illustrates in the back, example 3, example 4, example 5, the example 6 too.

By use with organism in 2 light of the identical frequency modulation(PFM) different wave length of the relevant resonance frequency of the sonic detection that produces, can be with the sound wave that produces in the high-sensitivity detection organism.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example, described light modulation step also can be use with organism in the relevant identical warbled step of resonance frequency of the sonic detection that produces.

By using and 2 light about the identical frequency modulation(PFM) different wave length of the resonance frequency of the sonic detection that produces in the organism, can be with the sound wave that produces in the high-sensitivity detection organism.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described blood constituent concentration calculating unit also can be the parts of the pressure of the sound wave that produces when a light is zero in described 2 light of the pressure of sound wave that 2 light of described different wave length are produced organism irradiation.

By such division, can be with high-precision measuring blood constituent concentration.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example, described blood constituent concentration calculation procedure also can be the step of the pressure of the sound wave that produces when a light is zero in described 2 light of the pressure of sound wave that described 2 light are produced organism irradiation.

By such division, can be with high-precision measuring blood constituent concentration.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described smooth generation part also can be 2 light relative intensity separately of adjusting described different wave length so that intensity modulated 2 photosynthetic ripples of described different wave length be that 1 light beam and irradiation produces to water acoustic pressure are zero parts.It should be noted that, in the example 2 that the light generation part of this example illustrates in the back, example 3, example 4, example 5, the example 6 too.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, for example in Fig. 1, replace organism to be examined portion 110, to proofreading and correct the water of usefulness, similarly to shine the photosynthetic ripple of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 outputs be the light of 1 light beam and regulate first light source 101 and the relative intensity of the light of secondary light source 105 outputs with described blood constituent concentration determination, so that supersonic detector 113 detected photoacoustic signal vanishing.

As mentioned above, when regulating the light intensity of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105, can easily be adjusted into the relative intensity of the light of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 equal, so can be easily with high-precision measuring blood constituent concentration.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example, between described light modulation step and described rayed step, also comprise and adjust described 2 light relative intensity separately to 2 photosynthetic ripples of the different wave length of described intensity modulated so that be 1 light beam and the intensity set-up procedure of water being shone the pressure vanishing of the sound wave that produces.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example for example intensity modulated 2 photosynthetic ripples of different wave length be the step of 1 light beam after, adjust described 2 light relative intensity separately so that be the pressure vanishing of 1 light beam and sound wave that water irradiation is produced to 2 photosynthetic ripples of different wave length, in view of the above can be easily be adjusted into the relative intensity of the light of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 outputs equal, so can be easily with the high-precision measuring blood constituent.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described sonic detection parts also can be with described modulating frequency synchronously and the parts that detect by synchronous detection.It should be noted that, in the example 2 that the sonic detection parts that illustrate in the written or printed documents example illustrate in the back, example 3, example 4, example 5, the example 6 too.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, for example, to carry out the signal of intensity modulated synchronous with the light that first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 are exported in phase detection amplifier 114 the signal that detects and be transformed to the signal of telecommunication by supersonic detector 113 with the corresponding respectively photoacoustic signal of the light of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 outputs, detects by synchronous detection.

In view of the above, in phase detection amplifier 114, can improve the accuracy of detection of the photoacoustic signal corresponding, further with the high-precision measuring photoacoustic signal with the light difference of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 outputs.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example, described sonic detection step also can be the step that synchronously detects by synchronous detection with described modulating frequency.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example, for example, detect by synchronous detection synchronous with the signal that 2 light of described different wave length are carried out intensity modulated with the corresponding respectively photoacoustic signal of 2 light of different wave length.

Can improve the accuracy of detection of the photoacoustic signal corresponding in view of the above, further with the high-precision measuring photoacoustic signal with the light difference of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 outputs.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described smooth generation part and described optical modulator component can be utilize same frequency and square-wave signal inverting each other the direct synthetic parts of 2 semiconductor laser light resources.It should be noted that, in the example 2 that the light generation part that illustrates in this example illustrates in the back, example 3, example 4, example 5, the example 6 too.

Adopt and pass through the identical and inverting each other square-wave signal of frequency the direct synthetic apparatus structure of 2 semiconductor laser light resources, can the simplification device structure.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example, described smooth generation step and described light modulation step are passed through the identical and inverting each other square-wave signal of frequency the direct synthetic step of 2 semiconductor laser light resources.

Adopt and pass through the identical and inverting each other square-wave signal of frequency, can simplify step the direct synthetic step of 2 semiconductor laser light resources.

Below, the basic ins and outs that become the blood constituent of this example concentration measurement apparatus and blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method are described.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is described with reference to Fig. 1.The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example shown in Figure 1 is made of first light source 101, secondary light source 105, drive circuit 104, drive circuit 108,180 ° of phase shifters 107, wave multiplexer 109, supersonic detector 113, phase detection amplifier 114, lead-out terminal 115, agitators 103.

Agitator 103 is connected with drive circuit 104,180 ° of phase shifters 107, phase detection amplifiers 114 respectively by holding wire, sends signal respectively to drive circuit 104,180 ° of phase shifters 107, phase detection amplifiers 114 respectively.

Drive circuit 104 receives the signal that sends from agitator 103, supplies with driving electric to first light source 101 that is connected by holding wire, makes first light source 101 luminous.

180 ° of phase shifters 107 receive the signal that sends from agitator 103, and the signal that the signal to described reception has been applied 180 ° phase place variation sends to the drive circuit 108 that is connected by holding wire.

Drive circuit 108 receives the signal that sends from 180 ° of phase shifters 107, supplies with driving electric to the secondary light source 105 that is connected by holding wire, makes secondary light source 105 luminous.

First light source 101 and secondary light source 105 be the mutually different light of output wavelengths respectively, and the photoconduction that will be exported respectively by the light transfer member is to wave multiplexer 109.

The light input wave multiplexer 109 of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 outputs is also closed ripple, as 1 light beam the assigned position that organism is examined portion 110 is shone, and producing sound wave in organism is examined portion 110 is photoacoustic signal.

The photoacoustic signal of supersonic detector 113 detection of biological body detected portion 110 also is transformed to the signal of telecommunication, sends to the phase detection amplifier 114 that is connected by holding wire.

Phase detection amplifier 114 is receiving in the required synchronizing signal of the synchronous detection of agitator 103 transmissions, reception from supersonic detector 113 that send here with the proportional signal of telecommunication of photoacoustic signal, carry out synchronous detection and amplification, filtering, and to lead-out terminal 115 outputs and the proportional signal of telecommunication of photoacoustic signal.

The frequency of oscillation of 101 outputs of first light source and agitator 103 has synchronously been carried out the light of intensity modulated.And secondary light source 105 output is the frequency of oscillation of agitator 103 by frequency and has applied the light that signal that 180 ° phase place changes carries out intensity modulated by 180 ° of phase shifters 107.

As mentioned above, in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, the light of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 outputs carries out intensity modulated by the signal of same frequency, so there is not the influence of the inhomogeneity of the frequency characteristic that becomes problem in the existing technology when the signal by a plurality of frequencies carries out intensity modulated.

Below explanation provides the light of a plurality of wavelength of equal absorptance to measure the nonlinear absorptance interdependence that exists in the measured value that solves the photoacoustic signal that becomes problem in the existing technology by use in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example.

For wavelength X ₁And λ ₂Each light, when the absorption coefficient of background ₁ ^(b), α ₂ ^(b)And absorb α as the mole of the blood constituent of determination object ₁ ⁽⁰⁾, α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾When known, comprise the measured value s of the photoacoustic signal of each wavelength ₁And s ₂Company's equate by 1 expression of described expression formula.

Separate expression formula 1, calculate unknown blood constituent concentration M.Here, C changes and is difficult to the coefficient controlling or predict, promptly exists with ... the unknown multiplier of distance between couple state, the sensitivity of supersonic detector, described irradiation portion and the described test section of sound (below be defined as r), specific heat, thermal coefficient of expansion, velocity of sound, modulating frequency even absorptance.

If expression formula 1 the 1st the row and the 2nd the row C in produce difference, then it should be owing to the amount relevant with irradiates light be the difference that absorptance causes.Here, be that absorptance becomes selection wavelength X with being equal to each other if make the parenthetic of each row of expression formula 1 ₁And wavelength X ₂Combination, then absorptance becomes equally, the C of the 1st row and the 2nd row is equal., if strictly carry out wavelength X ₁And wavelength X ₂Combination owing to exist with ... unknown blood constituent concentration M, so be not easy to select.

Here, about the ratio that in the absorptance (it is parenthetic that each is gone) of expression formula 1, accounts for, background (α _i ^(b), i=1,2) significantly greater than item (the M α that comprises blood constituent concentration M _i ⁽⁰⁾).Therefore, if replace making the absorptance of each row correctly equally to make background, α _i ^(b)Absorptance equate just enough.That is, can select different wavelength X ₁And wavelength X ₂2 light so that the absorption coefficient of background separately ₁ ^(b), α ₂ ^(b)Be equal to each other.If the C of the 1st row and the 2nd row is equated, then it as the unknown constant cancellation, the blood constituent concentration M of determination object is represented by expression formula 4.

[expression formula 4]

$M=\frac{(s_1-s_2){\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(b\right)}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(0\right)}-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00021.png,S2008101254141E00081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_1{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(0\right)}}\&cong;\frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(b\right)}}{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(0\right)}-{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(0\right)}}\frac{s_1-s_2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_2}$

In the distortion of the back segment of expression formula 4, use

Character.

Here, if observe expression formula 4, wavelength X appears in denominator then ₁And wavelength X ₂Absorptance poor of blood constituent of determination object.The difference signal s of photoacoustic signal when this difference is big ₁-s ₂Greatly, easily to its mensuration.In order to make this difference maximum, the absorption coefficient of the composition of determination object ₁ ⁽⁰⁾Become great wavelength and be chosen as wavelength X ₁, and wavelength X ₂Be chosen as α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾=0 is the wavelength that the composition of determination object does not show absorption characteristic.Here, according to former condition, second wavelength X ₂Be necessary for α ₂ ^(b)=α ₁ ^(b), promptly the absorptance of background equals first wavelength X ₁Absorptance.

In expression formula 4, photoacoustic signal s ₁With with photoacoustic signal s ₂Poor s ₁-s ₂Form occur.If with the glucose as the composition of determination object is example, then as mentioned above, at 2 photoacoustic signal s ₁With photoacoustic signal s ₂In only have difference below 0.1%.

, if at the photoacoustic signal s of the denominator of expression formula 4 ₂In precision be about 5% just enough.Therefore, with measure 2 photoacoustic signal s one by one respectively ₁With photoacoustic signal s ₂Compare, measure their poor s ₁-s ₂And the photoacoustic signal s of this measured value divided by independent measurement ₂The time keep precision especially easily.Therefore, in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, 2 wavelength X ₁And wavelength X ₂Light carry out inverting each otherly intensity modulated and the irradiation, measure photoacoustic signal s in vivo ₁With photoacoustic signal s ₂The difference signal s of the photoacoustic signal of overlapped generation ₁-s ₂

As mentioned above, when measuring blood constituent concentration, with 2 light that use different specific wavelengths, measuring the photoacoustic signal that 2 light of described different specific wavelength produce in vivo respectively compares, measure the difference signal of described photoacoustic signal, and a photoacoustic signal that makes regulation is to measure another photoacoustic signal zeroly, and it is calculated by expression formula 4, can easily measure blood constituent concentration.

With reference to Fig. 2, the acoustic pressure that is produced by rayed is described.Fig. 2 is the key diagram of direct optoacoustic method that becomes the basis of this example, has represented the configuration of observation station of direct optoacoustic method and the model that source of sound distributes in Fig. 2.In Fig. 2,201 pairs of organism vertical incidence of irradiates light, result generate source of sound 202 at the near surface of light-struck part as mentioned above.

About sending from source of sound 202 and (in order simply to be also referred to as sound wave) sound wave of propagating in vivo, be positioned on the extended line of irradiates light, from leaving observation station 203 its acoustic pressure p (r) of observation of source of sound distance for r.

The wavelength that uses in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus for this example is the light more than the 1 μ m, organism is subjected to the strong absorption based on background (water), so source of sound 202 exists at the surface local of light-struck part, resultant sound wave can be considered spherical wave.

Recording and narrating the wave equation of sonic propagation shown in Figure 2 can obtain from hydromechanical equation.To be successive expression formula and Navier Stokes equation change at variable density, pressure, change in flow is respectively linear when being small, with them with the equation of state of the relation of the pressure of expression fluid (water) and density and find the solution and obtain them.Here, described equation of state comprises temperature as parameter, and the variations in temperature when thermal source Q exists is taken into by described equation of state.

When ignoring conduction of heat, small pressure changes p and is recorded and narrated by following Helmholtz equation nonhomogeneous.

[expression formula 5]

$(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}^2}\frac{{\&PartialD;}^2}{\&PartialD;t^2}-{\&dtri;}^2)p=\frac{\mathrm{\&beta;}}{C_p}\frac{\&PartialD;Q}{\&PartialD;t}$

Here, c is a velocity of sound, and β is a thermal coefficient of expansion, C _pBe specific heat at constant pressure.

Under the situation of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, the light of intensity modulated has been carried out in irradiation with some cycles T, detect and the synchronous sound pressure variations of this some cycles T, so when modulating frequency is f=1/T, when the modulation angular frequency is ω=2 π f, about whole amounts, only concern has the amount of time dependent behavior exp (i ω t).Its result, time diffusion becomes long-pending with-i ω.

In addition, thermal source Q results from irradiates light and absorbs follow-up non-luminous mitigation, so proportional with absorption coefficient, its distribution equals the spatial distribution of the irradiates light (also comprising scattered light if produce scattered light) in the medium.If promptly the light intensity of each point is I, then Q=α I.In view of the above, relevant with stable direct optoacoustic method fundamental equation is by 6 expressions of following expression formula.

[expression formula 6]

$({\&dtri;}^2+k^2)p=i\frac{\mathrm{\&beta;}}{C_p}\mathrm{\&alpha;\&omega;I}$

Here, imported the wave number k=ω/c=2 π λ (λ is the wavelength of sound wave) of sound wave.The p of expression formula 6 (separating under the boundary condition of r → ∞) → 0 at an abundant distant place (r) α ^-1, by 7 expressions of following expression formula.

[expression formula 7]

$p\left(r\right)=\frac{1}{4\mathrm{\&pi;i}}\frac{\mathrm{\&beta;}}{C_p}\mathrm{\&alpha;\&omega;}{\&Integral;}_{V^{\&prime;}}\frac{I\left(\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{r^{\&prime;}}\right)\exp \left[\mathrm{ik}\right|\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{r}-\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{r^{\&prime;}}\left|\right]}{|\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{r}-\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{r^{\&prime;}}|}d\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{r^{\&prime;}}$

Distribute about some light, according to expression formula 7, the acoustic pressure of calculating observation.At first, as photodistributed model A204, consider intensity for radius vector r ' with e ^{-α r}The hemispheric distribution of ' decay.This and scattering are big significantly, and whether all irradiates light incident the situation correspondence of comprehensive scattering.

And when scattering is zero, be Model B 205 and the MODEL C 206 of Fig. 2, being equivalent to radius respectively is w ₀The light beam of Gaussian and the same incident situation of circular light beam.The light intensity distributions of each model is represented in Fig. 2.

Except already used condition r＞＞α ^-1Outside, when r＞＞w ₀, N ≡ w ₀ ²(N about model A uses α in/(r λ)＜＜1 ^-1Define to replace w ₀) when setting up, as follows based on the result of calculation of expression formula 7.

[expression formula 8]

$p\left(r\right)=\frac{\mathrm{\&beta;<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="c"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}{4\mathrm{\&pi;}{C}_p}\mathrm{\&alpha;F}\left(k{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^{-1}\right)P_0\frac{e^{\mathrm{ikr}}}{\mathrm{ir}}$

Here P ₀Be whole power of irradiates light, F (ξ) is calculated by expression formula 9.

[expression formula 9]

$F\left(\mathrm{\&xi;}\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\arctan \left(\mathrm{\&xi;}\right)-(i/2)\log (1+{\mathrm{\&xi;}}^2)& \mathrm{forA}\\ \mathrm{\&xi;}/(1+\mathrm{i\&xi;})& \mathrm{forB},C\end{array}\right.$

The information of the distribution of source of sound focuses on shape function F (k α ^-1).Fig. 3 represents the curve chart of described shape function.

If according to above result, then as ξ=k α ^-1Hour, promptly the wavelength of sound wave is compared very long time (λ) α with absorption length ^-1), photoacoustic signal does not comprise the information of any absorptance.Its reason is owing to ξ＜＜1, so

Therefore

Therefore, the wavelength of sound wave compares very long time with absorption length, be that modulating frequency is crossed when low, can't measure blood constituent concentration by the optoacoustic method.

Therefore, in the direct optoacoustic method that organism is carried out, modulating frequency should be set at Promptly

More than, when the irradiation light wavelength is near the 1.6 μ m time, modulating frequency is necessary for more than the 150kHz, and when perhaps shining light wavelength and be near the 2.1 μ m, modulating frequency is necessary for more than the 0.6MHz.

Because in the result of Model B 205, MODEL C 206, do not have difference, so do not influence signal in light intensity distributions perpendicular to the direction of optical axis., this simplification is only limited to described N ≡ w ₀ ²The situation that set up/(r λ)＜＜1.This N is the amount that is called Fresnel number, and expression is when when observation station is observed source of sound, owing to the expansion perpendicular to the source of sound of direction of visual lines, from the varying width of the phase place that contribution produced of the sound wave of the each point of source of sound.If Fresnel number N, just is equivalent to not expansion of source of sound on perpendicular to direction of visual lines fully less than 1.

Its result, the beam diameter w of generation irradiates light ₀Photoacoustic signal is not brought the fabulous character of influence.Reason is 2 following reasons.

The inhibition of first organism diffuse transmission influence.Described model 204A has supposed the ultimate situation that scattering is big, but in fact the scattering of organism does not arrive this degree.Generally, scattering phenomenon is by scattering coefficient μ _sCharacterize with anisotropy g.Here, the latter is the meansigma methods＜cos θ of the cosine of scatteringangle 〉, as the value of organism, particularly skin, there is report to be about 0.9 (for example, with reference to Applied Optics magazine, 32 volumes,, 435-437 page or leaf in 1993).The i.e. scattering of Shi Ji organism mainly is a small angle scattering

In the propagation of unit length, the ratio that the light that incident beam causes owing to scattering reduces is by reduction scattering coefficient μ ' _s=μ _s(1-g) provide, this value is a situation more than the 1 μ m for light wavelength, surveys to be 1mm ^-1(with reference to non-patent literature 3).This value is with in the propagation of unit length, and incident beam is that (light wavelength is 0.61mm when being the 1.6 μ m left and right sides for the value of absorption coefficient owing to absorbing ratio that the light cause reduces ^-1, during the 2.1 μ m left and right sides, be 2.4mm ^-1) size of same degree.

Promptly in organism, irradiates light is at absorption length α ^-1Between only be subjected to 2 scatterings at the most, and angle of scattering is little.As a result, the light of organism inside distribute (incident beam and scattered light and) along with its beam diameter of the degree of depth is expanded gradually, become shape as ailhead.Also reported so photodistributed actual measurement example (with reference to Applied Optics magazine, 40 volumes, calendar year 2001,5770-5777 page or leaf).At this moment, the photodistributed total amount in the face of expectation depth z still decays according to exp (α z).This is because the few scattering of number of times is that little angle of scattering causes.

Therefore, when beam diameter complete when photoacoustic signal and irradiates light was irrelevant, the photodistributed beam diameter self of each degree of depth was out of question, and has only the total amount in each depth plane can influence shape function F (ξ).If exp (α z), do not have differently during then with the Model B 205 that does not have scattering, MODEL C 206, therefore, anticipation is to the not influence of scattering of shape function.

2 wavelength X ₁And wavelength X ₂Rayed in, the main points that to make this shape function equivalence be the method for this example.Therefore, do not wish very much this 2 wavelength X ₁And wavelength X ₂Scattering in exist different.In the reality, be more than the 1.3 μ m, also do not have the actual measurement report of wavelength interdependence of the scattering of skin for light wavelength, but, reported that (with reference to Journal of Biomedical Optics magazine, 4 roll up certain reduction scattering coefficient μ ' s about blood, 1999, the 36-46 page or leaf).

Therefore, even the influence of some scatterings of pair shape function is arranged, the wavelength interdependence is little, might not cause actual harm.As shown here, if set for a short time, just can suppress own to the diffuse transmission influence of shape function to Fresnel number.Therefore, regardless of with the wavelength interdependence of scattering, be proper if can prove the equivalence of shape function, then the method for this example has high reliability.

It two is that the optimization of modulating frequency becomes possibility.In the irradiation to the light of human body, light intensity has the permission limit that exists with ... irradiated site and wavelength and irradiation time.In the little scope of Fresnel number, if enlarge beam diameter w ₀, just can improve the total power P of irradiates light ₀, increase photoacoustic signal, and do not surmount the limit of light intensity.

Here, if the limit of exposure rate is I _Max, P then ₀=π w ₀ ²I _Max, Fresnel number N is by total power P ₀Be expressed as N=f/ π cr) (P ₀/ I _Max).If consider that apart from r be the amount (for example, being 10mm at finger, is about 40mm in wrist) that is examined the thickness decision of portion 110 by organism, then keep certain as N, and improve k, when being modulating frequency f (∝ k), must reduce total power P ₀, the size of shape function | F (k α ^-1) | not with the proportional increase of k, so the sound wave that detects reduces.Therefore, also not Icarian modulating frequency.

If use N and I _MaxRewrite the sound pressure amplitudes P that expression formula 8 provides _a, then become as follows.

[expression formula 10]

$\mathrm{Pa}=\mathrm{Psup}\frac{\left|F\left(k{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^{-1}\right)\right|}{k{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^{-1}}N$

Here, acoustic pressure upper bound P _SupBecome following expression formula 11.

[expression formula 11]

$\mathrm{Psup}=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;\&beta;<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}{2\mathrm{Cp}}I\max$

In expression formula 10, | F (ξ) |/ξ is that only under the viewpoint of signal amplitude, low modulating frequency becomes favourable about the dull function that reduces of ξ.

At this moment, make rate of change about the α of expression formula 10, $\&PartialD;p_a/\&PartialD;\mathrm{\&alpha;}=-(p_{\sup }N/\mathrm{\&alpha;})\mathrm{\&xi;d}\left(\right|F\left(\mathrm{\&xi;}\right)|/\mathrm{\&xi;})/\mathrm{d\&xi;}$ ξ=k α for maximum ^-1Best modulating frequency is provided.Such ξ is 2.49 in model A204, is 2 in Model B 205 and MODEL C 206 ^1/2, such ξ's | F (ξ) | the value of/ξ is calculated as 0.620,1/3 respectively ^1/2Be signal intensity and, have best modulating frequency the trade-off points of the opposite requirement of the sensitivity of absorption coefficient.

As mentioned above, think that the light in the organism of reality distributes near Model B 205, MODEL C 206, so best modulating frequency is 2 π f=1.41c α, at this moment, for the maximum p of f → 0 _SupN, the signal amplitude of expectation 57.7%.

Below with reference to Fig. 3, the principle of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is described.First light source 101 shown in Figure 1 is synchronously carried out intensity modulated with agitator 103, the light of first light source, 101 outputs be shown in Fig. 4 epimere be expressed as the first light source (λ ₁) the waveform of light 211.

And secondary light source shown in Figure 1 105 is same and agitator 103 synchronously by intensity modulated.Here, the signal that agitator 103 sends provides 180 ° phase place to pass by 180 ° of phase shifters 107, so the light of secondary light source 105 output has carried out intensity modulated by the anti-phase signal of light for 101 outputs of first light source, at the hypomere of Fig. 5 for being expressed as secondary light source (λ ₂) the waveform of light 212.

Here, in Fig. 3, represented the signal that first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 carry out intensity modulated it is to be 1 μ second in the cycle, promptly modulating frequency f is 1MHz, and dutycycle is the situation of 50% signal.

Here, represented in expression formula 6, suppose irradiates light be sinusoidal wave variation, in Fig. 3 the situation of the light of irradiation square wave, but according to following reason, this is contradiction not.

Be that expression formula 5 is linear, the composition of different frequency is used as independent of each other treating.In addition, if the amplitude of sound wave increases, then be subjected to the effect of nonlinear that Navier Stokes equation self has, but under the situation of the photoacoustic signal of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, the sound wave that produces is faint, can use linear expression formula 5.In addition, square wave comprises the higher hamonic wave composition of odd number time, but can replace with the amplitude of the sine-wave components of wherein basic cycle the I of expression formula.When light source is rectangular shape, carry out intensity modulated, and square wave compares with the sine wave with amplitude, comprises the basic cycle sine-wave components of 4/ π=1.27 times than sine wave shape is easy, excellent in efficiency some.

2 light of the different wave length that first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 are exported respectively close ripple by wave multiplexer 109, and organism is examined portion's 110 irradiations.Here, can think that 2 light of described different wave length can independently produce the acoustic pressure of expression formula 8 expressions respectively.

Here, the linear superposition of sound wave has become clear from the linearity of expression formula 5.2 light of described different wave length do not have strong to absorbing saturated degree, so based on the heating Q of 2 light of described different wave length yet linear superposition.Here, even absorb when saturated, absorb and also have inhomogenous expansion, if the interval of 2 light wavelengths of described different wave length is wideer than homogeneous width, then Fa Re linear superposition is still set up.Here, the water for 2 light of described different wave length being produced same absorbent also satisfies such condition.

As mentioned above,, produce the photoacoustic signal of the acoustic pressure of expression formula 8 expressions respectively independently of each other, their synergetic acoustic pressures are detected by supersonic detector 113 by 2 light of described different wave length.Therefore, represent by following expression formula by described such synergetic acoustic pressure.

[expression formula 12]

$p\left(r\right)=s_1-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_2$

$=\frac{\mathrm{\&beta;<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="c"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}{4\mathrm{\&pi;Cp}}\{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_{1}F\left(k{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{-1}\right)-{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_{2}F\left(k{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{-1}\right)\}{P}_0\frac{e^{\mathrm{ikr}}}{\mathrm{ir}}$

Here, α _iF (k α _i ^-1) (i=1,2) be that 2 light incident illumination separately of described different wave length is by each other with the anti-phase result who carries out intensity modulated with the form stack of difference.The waveform of the sine-wave components of the basic cycle in the signal of telecommunication of representing to obtain with solid line among Fig. 6 by supersonic detector 113 detections and conversion.The amplitude of the signal of representing with solid line among Fig. 6 (rms value) is by measuring with the synchronous phase detection amplifier 114 of agitator 103, and as being expressed as V among Fig. 6 _dSignal to lead-out terminal 115 output.

By expression formula 12 and expression formula 1, described unknown constant C is represented by following expression formula.

[expression formula 13]

$C=\frac{\mathrm{\&beta;<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="c"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}{4\mathrm{\&pi;Cp}}F\left(k{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^{-1}\right){\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_0\frac{1}{r}$

Below, according to expression formula 4, the principle as the blood constituent concentration determination of determination object is described.Owing to obtained the difference signal s of the corresponding photoacoustic signal of the light exported respectively with first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 ₁-s ₂So, if then measure photoacoustic signal s ₂, then just can calculate the blood constituent concentration M of determination object from expression formula 4.

Therefore, only shining secondary light source (λ shown in Figure 5 ₂) the state of light 212 under, measure photoacoustic signal.As shown in Figure 5, under the state of the waveform of the light that keeps secondary light source 105 outputs, make first light source 101 be output as zero.By blocking, or make the output of drive circuit 104 drop to the following parts of oscillation threshold of first light source 101, can realize the light that first light source 101 shown in Figure 1 is exported with mechanical shutter.

If detect the value of the photoacoustic signal of measuring under the above-mentioned state and be transformed to the signal of telecommunication by supersonic detector 113, can be used as the basic cycle sine-wave components, obtain waveform shown in dotted lines in Figure 6.In addition, the rms amplitude of waveform shown in dotted lines in Figure 6 and described method are similarly measured by phase detection amplifier 114, and as being expressed as V among Fig. 6 _rSignal to lead-out terminal 115 output.

Here, photoacoustic signal s ₂Difference signal s for photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂For anti-phase.In addition, photoacoustic signal s ₂Difference signal s much larger than photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂When for example measuring healthy normal person's blood glucose value, be more than 1000 times.Therefore, at photoacoustic signal s ₂Difference signal s with photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂Mensuration between, carry out the sensitivity of phase detection amplifier 114 and the switching of time constant.

If obtain 2 measured value V according to above-mentioned mensuration _d, V _r, just the s in their difference substitution expression formulas 4 ₁-s ₂And s ₂In, calculate the blood constituent concentration M that becomes determination object.

Here, at ratio V from measured value _d/ V _rIn the conversion of blood constituent concentration M, must compare α by absorbance ₁ ⁽⁰⁾/ α ₁ ^(b)(work as α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾Non-0 o'clock also must α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾/ α ₁ ^(b)).

Fig. 7 represents described than the value of absorbance with make the wavelength X of 2 mensuration that the absorptance of background equates as mentioned above ₁And wavelength X ₂Method for selecting.

Fig. 7 is when being illustrated in the mensuration of blood glucose value, the figure of first light source 101 of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example and the selection method of secondary light source 105 wavelength separately.

Fig. 7 represent optical wavelength from 1.2 μ m to 2.5 μ m, the absorbance (OD) of water and D/W (concentration is 1.0M).The relation that has α=ODln10 between absorbance OD and the absorption coefficient.The longitudinal axis on the right side of Fig. 7 is represented the scale of absorption coefficient.

In Fig. 7, only see absorption based on glucose molecule only near the 1.6 μ m and near the 2.1 μ m, but the absorption that is based on glucose molecule and water are than very little.

The upside of Fig. 8 is represented absorbance poor of water and glucose, and the downside of Fig. 8 is represented it again divided by the ratio absorbance of the absorbance of water.

According to ratio absorbance shown in Figure 8, can think that tangible maximum based on the absorption of glucose molecule is at 1608nm and 2126nm.Here, as an example, as absorbing wavelength, the wavelength X of first light source 101 based on glucose molecule ₁(than absorbance is 0.114M to be set at 1608nm ^-1).Represent with the vertical solid line with zero among Fig. 8.

Here, wavelength is the absorption coefficient of the background (water) of 1608nm ₁ ^(b)Be read as 0.608mm from Fig. 7 ^-1Therefore, become α ₂ ^(b)=α ₁ ^(b)Wavelength X ₂Equally the absorption spectrum according to the water of Fig. 7 is wavelength 1381nm or wavelength 1743nm.Wavelength X about secondary light source 105 ₂Candidate's wavelength, according to the frequency spectrum of the ratio absorbance of Fig. 8, check α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾Value.As a result, wavelength is that the ratio absorbance of 1381nm is zero, but wavelength is the absorption band that 1743nm then is positioned at glucose molecule, is 0.0601M than absorbance ^-1Absorbance difference α ₁ ⁽⁰⁾-α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾Measure easily when big as far as possible, so under the above-mentioned situation, as the wavelength X of secondary light source 105 ₂, selected 1381nm.

At the absorption band of long wavelength's one side, 2126nm is set at the wavelength X of first light source 101 ₁(than absorbance is 0.0890M ^-1) time, by with described same method, as hydrone performance absorption coefficient with wavelength 2126nm ₁ ^(b)=2.261mm ^-1The wavelength of the absorptance that equates has 1837nm or 2294nm, and they all depart from the absorption (shown in vertical dotted line among Fig. 8) of glucose, so as the wavelength X of secondary light source 105 ₂, can select any one of 1837nm or 2294nm.

(embodiment)

The specific embodiment of example 1 is described here.

(embodiment 1 (one))

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of example shown in Figure 1,, use LASER Light Source also effective as first light source 101 and secondary light source 105.When selecting LASER Light Source, at first need to estimate necessary output level.

The permission limit that in irradiation, has light intensity to the light of human body, general in JISC6802, stipulated with the intensity that 50% individuality produced injury 1/10 as maximum magnitude, if according to JIS C6802, then in the Continuous irradiation to the non-visible infrared light (wavelength is more than the 0.8 μ m) of skin, maximum magnitude is 1mW/1mm ²

In embodiment 1, the blood constituent of determination object is a blood glucose, and the light wavelength of irradiation is 1.6 μ m, and according to described principle, modulating frequency f is more than the 150kHz.Here, organism wavelength X=c/f of being examined the photoacoustic signals that produce in the portion 110 becomes below the 10mm.Be finger if organism is examined portion 110, then light-struck irradiation portion to supersonic detector 113 contact organisms be examined portion 110 test section become 10mm apart from r, Fresnel number N=w ₀ ²/ (r λ) is 0.1 beam diameter w ₀Be calculated as w ₀ ²≤ 10mm ²Calculating the beam area of irradiates light and multiply by described maximum magnitude and calculate the maximum luminous power that can shine if it be multiply by π, then is 31mW.

Here, when the light of irradiation is 1.6 mu m wavebands, same calculating, maximum luminous power becomes 8mW, and light output can fully be supplied with by semiconductor laser.

Semiconductor laser is small-sized, long-life device, by injection current is modulated, also has the advantage that can easily carry out intensity modulated, so in the present embodiment, uses semiconductor laser as first light source 101 and secondary light source 105.

Fig. 9 represents the structure example of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of embodiment 1.The structure of the embodiment 1 of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of present embodiment shown in Figure 9 is to detect the place ahead transmission type of the sound wave that transmits in the irradiates light direction, it is the similar structure of basic structure with blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 1, first light source 101 shown in Figure 1, secondary light source 105, drive circuit 104, drive circuit 108,180 ° of phase shifters 107, wave multiplexer 109, supersonic detector 113, phase detection amplifier 114, lead-out terminal 115, agitator 103 respectively with first semiconductor laser light resource 501 and lens 502 shown in Figure 9, second semiconductor laser light resource 505 and lens 506, driving power 504, drive current source 508,180 ° of phase shifters 507, wave multiplexer 509, supersonic detector 513 and acoustic coupler 512, phase detection amplifier 514, lead-out terminal 515, agitator 503 correspondences have same function respectively.

The light of first semiconductor laser light resource 501 shown in Figure 9 and 505 outputs of second semiconductor laser light resource is converted into collimated light beam by lens 502 and lens 506 respectively, each collimated light beam closes ripple by wave multiplexer 509, as 1 light beam organism is examined portion's 510 irradiations.In addition, acoustic coupler 512 shown in Figure 9 is arranged on supersonic detector 513 and organism is examined between the portion 510, has the function that raising supersonic detector 513 and organism are examined the transmission efficiency of the photoacoustic signal between the portion 510.

In addition, also represented among Fig. 9 to proofread and correct, described but proofread and correct with the function back of detection bodies 511 with detection bodies 511.

First semiconductor laser light resource 501 by driving power 504 and agitator 503 synchronously by intensity modulated, its output light is converted into collimated light beam by lens 502 and imports to wave multiplexer 509, in addition, synchronously by intensity modulated, its output light is converted into collimated light beam by lens 506 and to wave multiplexer 509 inputs to second semiconductor laser light resource 505 by driving power 508 and agitator 503.Here, the output of agitator 503 sends to driving power 508 via 180 ° of phase shifters 507, so the light of second semiconductor laser light resource 505 output carries out intensity modulated by the anti-phase signal for the light of first semiconductor laser light resource, 501 outputs.

The light of export respectively by first semiconductor laser light resource 501 and second semiconductor laser light resource 505 of wave multiplexer 509 input is closed ripple to be examined portion 510 as 1 light beam to organism and to shine.

The light that organism is examined portion's 510 irradiations produces photoacoustic signal in organism is examined portion 510, the photoacoustic signal of generation is detected by supersonic detector 513, and is transformed to and the proportional signal of telecommunication of the acoustic pressure of photoacoustic signal via acoustic coupler 512.

By supersonic detector 513 detect and be transformed to the proportional signal of telecommunication of the acoustic pressure of photoacoustic signal by phase detection amplifier 514 synchronous detections, amplification, the filtering synchronous, to lead-out terminal 515 outputs with agitator 503.

Here, as mentioned above, the wavelength set of first semiconductor laser light resource 501 is 1608nm, and the wavelength set of second semiconductor laser light resource 505 is 1381nm.In addition, the frequency of oscillation of agitator 503 is that modulating frequency f is set at 207kHz, so that ξ=k α ₁ ^(b)=2 ^1/2

In addition, the output of the light of first semiconductor laser light resource 501 is 5.0mW, and the light output of second semiconductor laser light resource 505 also is 5.0mW.

The beam diameter that organism is examined the light of portion's 510 irradiations is set at w ₀=2.7mm, so that be 10mm from described irradiation portion to described test section apart from r, Fresnel number N becomes 0.1.

Under above-mentioned state, the light that ripple is closed in the output of first semiconductor laser light resource 501 and second semiconductor laser light resource 505 is 0.44mW/mm to the exposure rate that organism is examined the skin of portion 510 ², be to be lower than the level of security of maximum permissible value more than 2 times.; this is the level to eyes danger; so in mensuration or when not placing organism and being examined portion 510, directly do not enter the eyes, must be examined portion 510 at wave multiplexer 509 and organism shade (expression among Fig. 9) is set from the light of acoustic coupler 512 reflections or scattering.

Supersonic detector 513 is frequency-flat type electrostriction elements (PZT) of built-in FET (field-effect transistor) amplifier, and in addition, acoustic coupler 512 is acoustic matching gels.

In described structure, at first make the light of first semiconductor laser light resource 501 be output as zero, as shown in Figure 9, only shine the light time of second semiconductor laser light resource, 505 outputs, the lead-out terminal 515 that is set at 0.1 second phase detection amplifier 514 in time constant is obtained conduct and photoacoustic signal s ₂The V of the corresponding signal of telecommunication _rThe voltage of=20 μ V.

Here, come on the phase detection amplifier 514 synchronizing signal of self-oscillation device 503 and photoacoustic signal detect and be transformed to by supersonic detector 513 signal of telecommunication signal phase contrast θ according to organism be examined portion 510 by light-struck described irradiation portion and with described contact site that acoustic coupler 512 contacts between change apart from r and modulating frequency f, so when measuring, must search for optimum phase difference, but the search of phase contrast is by the big photoacoustic signal s of signal amplitude ₂Mensuration to implement be effective.

Here, when the phase detection amplifier of 2 phase place types, always have the ability of obtaining phase contrast θ automatically, need not manually carry out the search of phase contrast.Promptly measure photoacoustic signal s by measuring the unknown phase place and the R-θ pattern of amplitude ₂And obtain phase place and amplitude, use the measured value of phase place, by carrying out the difference signal s of described photoacoustic signal with the X mode determination of noise suppressed under the known situation of phase place than the state estimating amplitude that improves 3dB ₁-s ₂Mensuration.

Secondly, if make first semiconductor laser light resource 501 luminous, then lead-out terminal 515 obtain as with the difference signal s of photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂The V of the corresponding signal of telecommunication _d=7.7nV (the phase place paraphase, thus directly measured value be-7.7nV).Then, make the light of first semiconductor laser light resource 501 be output as zero once again, make the sensitivity of phase detection amplifier 514 and time constant get back to original value, carry out photoacoustic signal s ₂Mensuration, obtain V _r=22 μ V.V by front and back 2 times _rAverage, V _rValue become 21 μ V.

As mentioned above, at the difference signal s of photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂The front and back of mensuration, wish to carry out 2 times with photoacoustic signal s ₂Corresponding signal is V _rMensuration.

According to described step, at difference signal s ₁-s ₂Mensuration in, can modifying factor the person's of being verified the pressing force of finger tip change the drift of the described unknown multiplier C that the described local temperature variation that causes apart from variation and the rayed of r that causes etc. causes.

By described measured value, wavelength be 1608nm than absorbance 0.114M ^-1With expression formula 4, having obtained concentration of glucose M is 3.2mM (58mg/dl).

If use value, C about water _p=1 (cal/gdeg)=4.18 * 10 ³(J/kgK), β=300pm/deg, c=1.51 * 10 ³(m/s), then for I _Max=1mw/mm ², as acoustic pressure upper limit P _Sup, obtain 0.17Pa.It is multiply by Fresnel number N=0.1 and is accompanied by ξ=2 ^1/2 Decay 1/3 ^1/2, and actual irradiation power than 0.22, the sound pressure amplitudes of anticipation is 2.1mPa.

And the nominal sensitivity of supersonic detector 513 is 66mV/Pa, though the output voltage of lead-out terminal 515 is predicted as 140 μ V, and the photoacoustic signal s of actual measurement ₂Value rest on its 1/7, its reason is considered to due to the imperfection of acoustic coupler 512.

(embodiment 1 (its two))

In the present embodiment, be purpose with the improvement of the couple state of sound, be that the acrylic panel of 6.6mm is configured as the diameter 10mm Ф identical with supersonic detector 513 with making acoustic coupler 512 for the thickness of sympathetic response type.The surface of one side of acoustic coupler 512 is installed to supersonic detector 513 across vacuum grease, and another surface is examined portion 510 by acoustic matching with gel and organism and contacts.

By described structure, with and the result of described same step measurements 2 times, photoacoustic signal s ₂Measured value be 150 μ V and 153 μ V, and the difference signal s of photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂Measured value be 59nV.In described mensuration, the time constant of phase detection amplifier 514 is 3 seconds.From these measured values, obtaining concentration of glucose M is 3.4mM (61mg/dl).

(embodiment 1 (its three))

In described embodiment 1 (its two), the resonance frequency of acoustic coupler 512 and modulating frequency f are not quite identical.Therefore, in the present embodiment, at the photoacoustic signal s of leading portion ₂Mensuration the time, by the frequency of sweep oscillator 503 in the scope of number % at first, under described R-θ pattern, make phase detection amplifier 514 work of 2 phase types, set modulating frequency f so that the output of lead-out terminal 515 becomes maximum, thereby make the resonance frequency of acoustic coupler 512 and modulating frequency f in full accord.

Except that above-mentioned, by the step same, as the photoacoustic signal s that measures based on 2 times with described embodiment ₂, obtained 600 μ V and 604 μ V.In addition, the difference signal s of photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂Measured value be 0.25 μ V.At this moment, the time constant of phase detection amplifier 514 is 1 second.

Obtaining concentration of glucose M from above measured value is 3.6mM (65mg/dl).

In described embodiment 1 (one), embodiment 1 (its two), embodiment 1 (its three), the electrostriction element of frequency of utilization flat type (PZT) is as supersonic detector 513, but, even during the electrostriction element (PZT) of common type, become maximum modulating frequency by the amplitude of searching for the signal of obtaining at lead-out terminal 515, also can implement to have utilized the increase sensitivity determination of sympathetic response characteristic, be effective to miniaturization, low price.

(embodiment 1 (its four))

Present embodiment is to introduce to proofread and correct with detection bodies 511 as the situation that the power of the light of first semiconductor laser light resource 501 and 505 outputs of second semiconductor laser light resource is adjusted into equal parts.

As the structure of proofreading and correct with detection bodies 511, be the glass container of enclosing water, perhaps enclose the water of the scattering objects such as for example latex particle that disperseed to simulate biological intravital scattering.

Here, in order to ensure proofread and correct with the glass on the surface (upper surface among Fig. 9) of the irradiates light of detection bodies 511 for wavelength X ₁And wavelength X ₂The isotropism of transmitance, proofreading and correct the piped edge that is provided with the diameter that illumination beam passes through with detection bodies 511 upper surfaces, prevent direct contact surface, or proofreading and correct that it is effective utilizing the articles for use of regulation and the cleaning of step with before the use of detection bodies 511.

It is as described below to replace described correction organisms to be examined the aligning step that portion 510 carries out with detection bodies 511.

At first, make the light of first semiconductor laser light resource 501 be output as zero, as shown in Figure 9, only shine the light of second semiconductor laser light resource, 505 outputs.Here, in described R-θ pattern the phase detection amplifier 514 of 2 phase types is worked, the phase theta of obtaining at this moment is also fixing.Under the situation of the ultrasound examination that utilizes the sympathetic response type, consistent with modulating frequency f in this stage and above-mentioned same for the resonance frequency that makes acoustic coupler 512, carry out the search of best modulating frequency f.

Then, the light of first semiconductor laser light resource, 501 outputs is increased, observe the signal of lead-out terminal 515 outputs of phase detection amplifier 514 on one side, according to reducing of lead-out terminal 515 output signals, switch the sensitivity and the time constant of phase detection amplifier 514, in the moment of the output vanishing that obtains at lead-out terminal 515, fix the light output of first semiconductor laser light resource 501.

By described step, use to proofread and correct with detection bodies 511, can proofread and correct the state that relative intensity for the light of the light that makes 501 outputs of first semiconductor laser light resource and 505 outputs of second semiconductor laser light resource is equal to each other and has carried out intensity modulated by anti-phase signal.

Be examined portion 510 ground at the replacement organism and correction be installed with under the state of detection bodies 511, formulate to connect present embodiment the blood constituent density measuring device power supply make usage, POST above sequence during as power connection (Power On Self Test, power-on self-test is surveyed) carries out.

(embodiment 2 (one))

Embodiment 2 is the rear Spread type that detect at the sound wave of propagating towards the direction of driving in the wrong direction of irradiates light.The structure of embodiment 2 as shown in figure 10, in the structure of the embodiment 1 of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 9, change to that acoustic coupler 512 is arranged on wave multiplexer 509 and organism is examined between the portion 510, the surface of one side of acoustic coupler 512 is examined portion 510 with organism and contacts, the light incident of closing ripple by wave multiplexer 509 from the surface of the opposite side of acoustic coupler 512, incident illumination shines organism and is examined portion 510 by acoustic coupler 512.Here, supersonic detector 513 is arranged on the described glistening light of waves that closes to acoustic coupler 512 incident sides.

In addition, the action of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of embodiment 2 and the difference of described embodiment 1 are, as shown in figure 10, be examined portion's 510 irradiations from the light of wave multiplexer 509 outputs by 512 pairs of organisms of acoustic coupler, the photoacoustic signal that produces in organism is examined portion 510 is propagated in acoustic coupler 512 once more, is detected by supersonic detector 513.

In above-mentioned structure, because irradiates light passes through acoustic coupler 512, thus wish that its light absorption is few, and acoustic impedance approaches organism (water).

In the present embodiment, form acoustic coupler 512 by the few quartz glass of light absorption.The acoustic impedance of quartz glass is 8 times of water, and the acoustic pressure of generation 1/5 propagating wave that becomes in quartz glass of only having an appointment is by supersonic detector 513 observations.Therefore, it is unfavorable to become in sensitivity, thus must make acoustic coupler 512 self have the sympathetic response characteristic, to increase sensitivity.That is, the thickness of quartz glass (among the figure, being equivalent to the spread length of the light beam in the glass) is set at 14mm for the value of the roughly half-wavelength of wave length of sound λ=27.85mm of the modulating frequency f of 200kHz.

Sound wave in the quartz glass can be considered spherical wave leaving the distant place that organism is examined portion, so here, supersonic detector 513 is set to become with incident beam 150 ° direction (if use the supersonic detector with hole that incident beam passes through, just can be placed on 180 ° of directions at complete rear).

In the structure of present embodiment, organism is examined portion 510 and is detected by supersonic detector 513 in light-struck irradiation portion and the acoustic coupler 512 and be fixed as certain value (under this situation, being r=14mm) by the size decision of acoustic coupler 512 apart from r between the test section of photoacoustic signals.

Here, first semiconductor laser light resource 501, second semiconductor laser light resource 505 and supersonic detector 513 and described embodiment 1 are same.For the sake of security, be equipped with detection bodies aware switch (in Figure 10, omitting), thereby when on acoustic coupler 512, not placing whatever, do not carry out the irradiation of light.

Same with described embodiment 1, at the photoacoustic signal s of leading portion ₂Mensuration the time, the frequency of sweep oscillator 503 is searched for the modulating frequency f consistent with the resonance frequency of acoustic coupler 512.By the step same, by 2 times mensuration, as photoacoustic signal s with described embodiment 1 ₂Obtain 200 μ V and 206 μ V.In addition, as the difference signal s of acoustical signal ₁-s ₂, making the time constant of phase detection amplifier 514 is 1 second, has measured 79nV.From these measured values, obtaining concentration of glucose M is 3.4mM (61mg/dl).

(embodiment 2 (its two))

In the present embodiment, acoustic coupler 512 is formed by low density polyethylene (LDPE).The acoustic impedance of low density polyethylene (LDPE) only differs 18% for water, in the coupling of sound wave very excellent (pressure loss is lower than 9%)., have some light absorption, too softness also is a difficult point in addition., because soft,, do not needing acoustic matching excellent on adjuvant this point such as gels with being close to of organism.Here, more be imbued with inflexible high density polyethylene (HDPE) because of light tight and inapplicable.

In the present embodiment, the thickness of acoustic coupler 512 is and wave length of sound 10mm about equally for the modulating frequency f of 200kHz, described irradiation portion and described test section also become the fixed value of 10mm apart from r.

Same with embodiment 2 (one), by 2 times mensuration, as photoacoustic signal s ₂Obtain 300 μ V and 289 μ V.In addition, as the difference signal s of acoustical signal ₁-s ₂, making the time constant of phase detection amplifier 514 is 1 second, has measured 117nV.From these measured values, obtaining concentration of glucose M is 3.5mM (63mg/dl).

Here, although the pressure loss of low density polyethylene (LDPE) is low, why measured signal does not increase is that size becomes instability because make acoustic coupler 512 distortion because organism is examined pushing of portion 510, and it is solid to improve inadequate edge based on the sensitivity of sympathetic response.

(embodiment 2 (its three))

Present embodiment is in (embodiment 2 (its two)), has introduced based on the situation of described correction with the correcting unit of detection bodies 511.At this moment, proofread and correct, enclose water or comprise the material of container of water of scattering object identical with the material of acoustic coupler 512 with in the detection bodies 511.

Here, be to proofread and correct the face that contacts with acoustic coupler 512 detection bodies 511 and shown in Figure 10 by light-struck surface, in order to ensure secular spatter property, proofreading and correct with before the use of detection bodies 511, implement to utilize the articles for use of regulation and the cleaning of step.

Replace organism to be examined portion 510 described correction detection bodies 511 is installed, the aligning step that carries out and described (embodiment 1 (its four)) are same.

(embodiment 3)

In embodiment 1, embodiment 2, represented about concentration of glucose in the blood to be the example of blood glucose value., the composition as constituting blood also comprises with multiple compositions such as the lipid headed by the cholesterol, protein, inorganic constituentss except glucose.In embodiment 3, expression is to the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of cholesterol application implementation form 1 and the example of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method.It should be noted that, can use too in the example 2 that the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of present embodiment and blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method illustrate in the back, example 3, example 4, example 5, the example 6.

Figure 11 represents the absorbance of the water of wavelength from 1200nm to 2500nm.Figure 12 represents the absorbance of the cholesterol from 1600nm to 2600nm.According to frequency spectrum shown in Figure 12, the tangible maximum of the absorption of cholesterol molecule is at 2310nm.

Here, wavelength is the absorption coefficient of the background (water) of 2310nm ₁ ^(b)Be read as 1.19mm from Figure 11 ^-1Therefore, become α ₂ ^(b)=α ₁ ^(b)Wavelength X ₂Equally the absorption spectrum from the water of Figure 11 is wavelength 2120nm or wavelength 1880nm as can be known.Wavelength X about secondary light source 105 ₂Each candidate's wavelength, confirm α according to the absorption spectrum of Figure 12 ₂ ^(b)Value.As a result, compare with the absorption that at wavelength is 2120nm, cholesterol is big in the absorption of wavelength 1880nm.Because absorbance difference α ₁ ⁽⁰⁾-α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾Measure easily when big as far as possible, so in above-mentioned situation, as the wavelength X of secondary light source 105 ₂, selected 2120nm.Above result, the wavelength that makes first light source 101 is that the wavelength of 2310nm, secondary light source is that 2120nm measures.

Figure 13 represents the structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of embodiment 3.The structure of the embodiment 3 of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 13 is to detect the place ahead mode of propagation of the photoacoustic signal of propagating in the irradiation direction of light, is the similar structure of basic structure with blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 1.

Be first semiconductor laser light resource 801 and lens 802 shown in Figure 13, second semiconductor laser light resource 805 and lens 806, drive current source 804, drive current source 808,180 ° of phase shifters 807, wave multiplexer 809, supersonic detector 813 and acoustic coupler 812, phase detection amplifier 814, lead-out terminal 815 and agitator 803 respectively with first light source 101 shown in Figure 1, secondary light source 105, drive circuit 104, drive circuit 108,180 ° of phase shifters 107, wave multiplexer 109, supersonic detector 113, phase detection amplifier 114, lead-out terminal 115, agitator 103 has same function.

First semiconductor laser light resource 801 by drive current source 804 and agitator 803 synchronously and carry out intensity modulated, output light is converted into collimated light beam by lens 802, to wave multiplexer 809 inputs.Also by drive current source 808 and agitator 803 synchronously and carry out intensity modulated, its output light is converted into collimated light beam by lens 806 to the light of second semiconductor laser light resource 805 output, to wave multiplexer 809 inputs.

At this, because the output of agitator 803 transmitted to drive current source 808 through 180 ° of phase shifters 807, thus second semiconductor laser light resource 805 exported only by the intensity modulated that inversion signal has carried out of the light of being exported for first semiconductor laser light resource 801.

To first semiconductor laser light resource 801 of wave multiplexer 809 input and second semiconductor laser light resource 805 respectively the light of output close ripple, as 1 light beam organism is examined portion's 810 irradiations.

The light that organism is examined portion's 810 irradiations produces photoacoustic signal in organism is examined portion 810.The photoacoustic signal that produces is detected by supersonic detector 813 via acoustic coupler 812.At supersonic detector 813, be transformed to and the proportional signal of telecommunication of the acoustic pressure of photoacoustic signal.

The signal that is transformed to the signal of telecommunication by with synchronous phase detection amplifier 814 synchronous detections of agitator 803, amplification, filtering after, to lead-out terminal 815 outputs.

The wavelength set of first semiconductor laser light resource 801 is 2310nm, and the wavelength set of second semiconductor laser light resource 805 is 2120nm.In addition, the frequency of oscillation of agitator 803 is that modulating frequency f is set at 207kHz, so that ξ=k α ₁ ^(b)=2 ^1/2

The light output of first semiconductor laser light resource 801 is 5mW, and the light output of second semiconductor laser light resource 805 also is 5mW.

The beam diameter that organism is examined the light of portion's 810 irradiations is set at w ₀=2.7mm so that the irradiation portion that is examined portion 810 from organism to test section be 10mm apart from r, Fresnel number N becomes 0.1.

Under described state, the light that the output of first semiconductor laser light resource 801 and second semiconductor laser light resource 805 is closed behind the ripple is 0.44mW/mm to the exposure rate that organism is examined the skin of portion 810 ², be to be lower than the level of security of maximum permissible value below 1/2., consider leakage, the shade (not shown) that covering wave multiplexer 809 and organism are examined portion 810 preferably is set the outside.

Supersonic detector 813 is frequency-flat type electrostriction elements (PZT) of built-in field-effect transistor (FET) amplifier.In addition, acoustic coupler 812 is acoustic matching gels.

In Figure 13 of described structure, at first, be output as zero at the light that makes first semiconductor laser light resource 801, the output light time of only shining second semiconductor laser light resource 805, the lead-out terminal 815 that is set at 0.1 second phase detection amplifier 814 in time constant is obtained conduct and photoacoustic signal s ₂The V of the corresponding signal of telecommunication _rThe voltage of=40 μ V.

To phase detection amplifier 814 input from the synchronizing signal of agitator 803 and detect and be transformed to by supersonic detector 813 signal of telecommunication signal phase contrast θ according to light-struck organism be examined portion 810 irradiation portion and with contact site that acoustic coupler 812 contact between change apart from r and modulating frequency f, so must carry out the optimum phase adjustment during mensuration.For such phase place adjustment, by the big photoacoustic signal s of signal amplitude ₂The enforcement of measuring as phase reference is effective.

Under the situation of the phase detection amplifier of 2 phase place types, always have function from motion tracking phase contrast θ, if utilize this function, just can adjust phase contrast automatically.If promptly become the unknown phase place and the R-θ pattern of amplitude measured, by measuring photoacoustic signal s ₂Phase place and amplitude, use this phase place, under the known situation of phase place, constrain the X mode determination that can measure amplitude than the state that improves 3dB with noise, carry out the difference signal s of described photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂Mensuration.

Secondly, if make first semiconductor laser light resource 801 luminous, then lead-out terminal 815 obtain as with the difference signal s of photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂The output of about 10nV of the corresponding signal of telecommunication.Then, make the light of first semiconductor laser light resource 801 be output as zero once again, make the sensitivity of phase detection amplifier 814 and time constant get back to original value, carry out photoacoustic signal s ₂Mensuration, obtain the output of Vr=42 μ V.Vr's by front and back 2 times is average, and the value of Vr becomes 41 μ V.

As mentioned above, at the difference signal s of photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂The front and back of mensuration, wish to carry out 2 times with photoacoustic signal s ₂Corresponding signal is the mensuration of Vr.According to above-mentioned step, at difference signal s ₁-s ₂Mensuration in, can modifying factor the person's of being verified the pressing force of finger tip change the drift of the unknown multiplier C that local temperature variation that variation and the rayed apart from the r that cause cause etc. causes.

Use described mensuration part, the photoacoustic signal that the cholesterol that utilizes supersonic detector mensuration organism to be examined portion causes can obtain the difference signal s as photoacoustic signal ₁-s ₂The output valve of hundreds of nV.

Here, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus and the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of organism has been described, but when being object with liquid replacing organism too.Promptly from the explanation of the direct optoacoustic method on the above-mentioned basis that becomes this example and the constituent concentration computational methods shown in the expression formula 4 know easily like that, the liquid component concentration measurement apparatus of present embodiment and liquid component concentration measurement apparatus control method also can be implemented the determination object beyond the organism.At this moment, generally liquid is had equal absorptance if use, and, just can not covered, carry out the detection of the composition in the liquid by the absorption of liquid for 2 different wavelength of object material absorptance.In the structure of described example or embodiment,, just work as the fruit saccharometer if replace organism to be examined portion and to place fruit.This is because the sweet composition of fruit is that sucrose or fructose have absorption with the similar wavelength of the glucose of blood glucose composition, certainly in the scope of the spirit that does not break away from this example, can use the determinator and the determinator control method of this example to various objects.

(embodiment 4)

Figure 58 represents the structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of embodiment 4.Embodiment 4 is situations of having introduced contact thermometer 138 at embodiment 1 (one) in (its four) described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.

In the structure of representing among Figure 58, the wavelength set of first light source 101 is 1608nm, and the wavelength set of secondary light source 105 is 1381nm, and these wavelength value are to be the wavelength value of absorbance of 39 ℃ water according to water temperature shown in Figure 7.Fiducial temperature is the value higher than normal temperature as body temperature for 39 ℃, in addition, be necessary tightly according to the person of being verified body temperature, be the setting that temperature that organism is examined portion 110 changes the wavelength of described LASER Light Source.This is to change because the optical absorption characteristics of water exists with ... water temperature.

Figure 58 represents to exist with ... the absorbance of the water that water temperature changes.Figure 58 represents with the water temperature to be parameter, about from 25 ℃ to 55 ℃ with 5 ℃ of graduated water temperatures, near wavelength 1450nm, have the absorbance of absorption band of the water of maximum.According to Figure 58, the absorption band of water is accompanied by the rising of water temperature and moves to short wavelength's direction, is accompanied by this, and the absorption of short wavelength's one side increases, and the absorption of long wavelength's one side reduces.

In order to observe in detail above-mentioned character,, just obtain Figure 59 if represent the variations in temperature of absorbance of the water of certain wavelength.At the wavelength 1608nm place of described first light source 101 of long wavelength's one side, the absorbance of water for temperature with 1.366 * 10 ^-3Mm ^-1/ ℃ ratio reduce.And at the wavelength 1381nm place of the described secondary light source 105 of short wavelength's one side, the absorbance of water is with 1.596 * 10 ^-3Mm ^-1/ ℃ ratio increase.

As a result, the difference of the absorbance between described 2 wavelength is 2.962 * 10 ^-3Mm ^-1/ ℃, than absorbance with 1.001 * 10 ^-2/ ℃ ratio reduce about temperature.If this rate of change is used the value 0.114M of ratio absorbance of the glucose of 1608nm ^-1, then body temperature is from the deviation of described fiducial temperature per 1/ ℃, as concentration of glucose M, produces the too small evaluation of 87.78mM (1581mg/dl).

As countermeasure to this error, rayed one side that is examined portion 110 at organism is provided with contact thermometer 138, measure near the partial body temperature the illumination part, the temperature difference that this thermometric value is deducted described fiducial temperature multiply by described correction factor 1581mg/dl/ ℃ value and value of calculation addition based on the concentration of glucose M of described expression formula 4 again.The reason that contact thermometer 138 is set in rayed one side is that what to participate in described correction is the temperature that the organism that produces light absorption is examined irradiation one side surface of portion.If use the temperature of the organism surface that contacts a side with supersonic detector 113 to replace it, then become and use the shell temperature that changes because of inevitable thermo-contact with supersonic detector 113, might cause big error.

In addition, in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 57, use and proofread and correct when using detection bodies, can be undertaken by following based on the correction of described surperficial measurement of bldy temperature.Figure 60 represents the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 57 is used the embodiment that proofreaies and correct with detection bodies.

Be installed in correction with on the detection bodies 141 measuring the thermometer 143 of this correction with the temperature of liquid in the detection bodies 141.In described step, from the photoacoustic signal of lead-out terminal 115 output vanishing, fixed the reading of this thermometer in the moment of output of drive circuit 104 as the Tc record.Organism is examined in the mensuration of portion 110 after this, use this Tc to replace the fiducial temperature of the correction algorithm represented among the described embodiment to revise.Promptly can measure near the illumination parts partial body temperature, the temperature difference that deducts described Tc from the thermometric value be multiply by described correction factor 1581mg/dl/ ℃ value and based on the value of calculation addition of the concentration of glucose M of expression formula 4 by contact thermometer 138.

Be provided with on detection bodies 141 under the situation of the constant temperature parts (omitting among Figure 60) that temperature of liquid kept certain in this correction, when organism is examined the mensuration of portion 110, make simultaneously and proofread and correct contact thermometer 138 work that are examined portion 110 with thermometer 143 that is provided with on the detection bodies 141 and organism, also can obtain described temperature difference from difference of reading.At this moment,, just can for example use bridge circuit, realize reading the balanced structure of difference of both output valves with high accuracy if thermometer 143 and contact thermometer 138 are thermometer of the same race.In described balanced structure, thermometer 143 and contact thermometer 138 are not required the accuracy of absolute temperature, so can use the such easy temperature detector of critesistor to implement.

(embodiment 5)

Figure 61 represents the structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of embodiment 5.Embodiment 5 is situations of having introduced contact thermometer 138 in embodiment 2 (one)～(its three) in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus that illustrates.

In the present embodiment, being used for contact thermometer 138 based on the correction of described surperficial measurement of bldy temperature can embed described acoustic coupler 142 and be examined the face that portion 110 contacts with organism.At this moment, can use the contact thermometer 138 that has with the proximate acoustic impedance of acoustic impedance of described acoustic coupler 142.Hyperacoustic propagation in this acoustic coupler 142 that can suppress to be caused because of this contact thermometer 138 is disorderly.Then, undertaken by the algorithm identical based on the correction of the surperficial body temperature value of measuring by this contact thermometer 138 with described embodiment 4.In addition, install to proofread and correct with detection bodies 141 and carry out gauged step and also can carry out according to described embodiment 4 based on the correction of the surperficial measurement of bldy temperature of use contact thermometer 138 to replace organism to be examined portion 110.

(example 2)

Figure 14, Figure 15 represent the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of example 2.In Figure 14, Figure 15, the 100th, agitator, 101 is first light sources, the 102nd, drive circuit, the 103rd, agitator, the 105th, secondary light source, the 116th, drive circuit, 106 is the 3rd light sources, the 117th, drive circuit, the 118th, frequency divider, 119 is 180 ° of phase shifters, the 120th, synthesizer, the 111st, organism is examined portion, and the 121st, supersonic detector, the 122nd, wave filter, the 123rd, synchronous detection amplifier, the 124th, photoacoustic signal lead-out terminal.Constitute the first irradiation portion by agitator 103, drive circuit 102 and first light source 101 as light irradiation element, constitute the second irradiation portion by agitator 103,180 ° of phase shifters 119, drive circuit 116 and secondary light sources 105, constitute the 3rd irradiation portion as second light irradiation element by agitator 100, drive circuit 117 and the 3rd light source 106 as light irradiation element.Supersonic detector 121 and wave filter 122 constitute the sounding checkout gear.

In Figure 14, agitator 103 is with certain frequency vibration, is used for determining first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 are carried out the frequency of intensity modulated.Agitator 100 is agitators of interrupted oscillation, is used for determining the 3rd light source 106 is carried out the cycle of intensity modulated.Vibration can be vibrated with certain frequency, can be irregular vibration, so long as just passable with the interval interrupted oscillation also longer than the recurrence interval of the certain frequency of described agitator 103.As a result, the 3rd light source 106 is to constitute with respect to first light source 101, secondary light source 105 its luminous recurrence intervals mode long, that be modulated to the degree that does not produce photoacoustic signal.

First light source 101, secondary light source 105 and the 3rd light source 106 can adopt the structure of carrying out intensity modulated with identical agitator.For example in Figure 15, agitator 103 is used for determining first light source 101, secondary light source 105 and the 3rd light source 106 are carried out the frequency of intensity modulated with the certain frequency vibration.By frequency divider 118 frequency divisions, the 3rd light source 106 is modulated the certain frequency of first light source 101, secondary light source 105 with specific strength also long gap periods ground, recurrence interval vibrates from the signal of agitator 103.

Except the determining of the frequency of oscillation of the 3rd light source, in Figure 14 and Figure 15, produce identical functions, effect, so use Figure 14 explanation.In Figure 14, be input into drive circuit 102 from the signal of agitator 103, drive circuit 102 drives first light source 101.In addition, be input into 180 ° of phase shifters 119 from the signal of agitator 103 and by paraphase.Paraphase signal be input into drive circuit 116, drive circuit 116 drives secondary light sources 105.First light source 101 carries out intensity modulated with secondary light source 105 with modulating frequency identical, inverting each otherly.

First light source 101, secondary light source 105 and the 3rd light source 106 are driven by drive circuit 102, drive circuit 116, drive circuit 117 respectively, the wavelength of output regulation respectively and modulated light.Synthesizer 120 synthetic from first light source 101 light beam and from the light beam of secondary light source 105, the organism as detected body is examined portion's 111 irradiations.If adopt the structure of also synthesizing, just can focus on organism to light and be examined portion 111, so can produce photoacoustic signal efficiently from the light beam of the 3rd light source 106.It should be noted that, synthetic light beam from first light source 101, from the light beam of secondary light source 105 with becomes from the light beam of the 3rd light source 106 except in this example, using, in example 1 and the example 3 that illustrates later on, example 4, example 5, example 6, also can use.

Supersonic detector 121 be examined the face of portion 111 irradiation for organism and be provided with in contact from the opposite side of face of the output light that closes the glistening light of waves and the 3rd light source 106 of synthesizer 120.Supersonic detector 121 receptions are photoacoustic signal by the sound wave that organism is examined portion's 111 generations, and are transformed to and the proportional signal of telecommunication of acoustic pressure and output.Wave filter 122 passes through the signal with the frequency of oscillation same frequency of agitator 103, synchronous detection amplifier 123 utilizes from the synchronizing signal of synchronous signal input end input the signal from wave filter 122 inputs is carried out synchronous detection, synchronous detection hyperacoustic amplitude to 124 outputs of photoacoustic signal lead-out terminal.Amplify by synchronous detection, can be from photoacoustic signal with the hyperacoustic amplitude of high-sensitivity detection.It should be noted that, carry out synchronous detection by synchronous detection amplifier 123 and amplify except in this example, using, in the example 3 of example 1 and explanation later on, example 4, example 5, example 6, also can use.

Here, the light wavelength of first light source, 101 outputs is defined as λ ₁, the light wavelength of secondary light source 105 outputs is defined as λ ₂, the light wavelength of the 3rd light source 106 outputs is defined as λ ₃Pass through wavelength X ₃Light to the irradiation of organism, only produce and absorb at the big position of density of blood, by light-thermal conversion, temperature rises.For example in light CT method, the light about having used wavelength as 800nm, but in mensuration, about 0.1 ℃ of biological intravital variations in temperature in addition, has known that the temperature of this degree rises harmless.So, the acoustic pressure that is produced by alternate rayed is expressed as follows.

[expression formula 14]

$P=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;\&beta;<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}{2\mathrm{Cp}}I$

Here, I is an irradiates light intensity, and β is a thermal coefficient of expansion, and c is a velocity of sound, and Cp is a specific heat.In described parameter, have only β, c to exist with ... temperature.Thermal coefficient of expansion β changes 3% for per 1 ℃, so because 0.1 ℃ variations in temperature, according to expression formula 14, photoacoustic signal changes 0.3% approximately.Since the photoacoustic signal that produces because of the variable quantity 5mg/dL of glucose be changed to 0.017%, so compare, can produce the variation of 20 times signal with it.Because of wavelength is λ ₃Light time irradiation due to the rise increase of the photoacoustic signal that causes that the high position of density of blood produces of temperature.

Use expression formula to describe the blood constituent density calculating method of this example below.For wavelength X ₁And λ ₂, mainly based on the absorption coefficient of the background of water ₁ ^(b), α ₂ ^(b)And the molar absorption coefficient α of blood constituent ₁ ⁽⁰⁾, α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾When known, separate the measured value s of the photoacoustic signal that comprises each wavelength ₁And s ₂Company's equate, expression formula 1, obtain concentration M.

Here, C be change and be difficult to the coefficient controlling or predict, promptly be the unknown multiplier between sensitivity, irradiation portion and the test section that exists with ... acoustical coupling, supersonic detector apart from r, specific heat, thermal coefficient of expansion, velocity of sound and modulating frequency even absorptance.In expression formula 1,, can obtain concentration M from photoacoustic signal s and known absorption factor alpha if cancellation C just becomes expression formula 4., expression formula 1 is with for wavelength X ₁, λ ₂Mainly based on the absorption coefficient of the background of water ₁ ^(b), α ₂ ^(b)Almost equal is prerequisite.In addition, used Character.

In the method for this example, on the sound generating capacity of the water of tissue parts such as blood part and epidermis, cell, fat, there are differences, so expression formula 1 is pressed following rewriting.

[expression formula 15]

$C_b({\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(b\right)}+M{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(0\right)})+C_t{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(b\right)}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00021.png,S2008101254141E00081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_1$

$C_b({\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(b\right)}+M{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(0\right)})+C_t{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(b\right)}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_2$

Here, C _bBe unknowm coefficient about blood, C _tIt is unknowm coefficient about tissues such as skin, cell, fat.Will be owing to wavelength is λ ₃The variations in temperature that causes of light time irradiation and the photoacoustic signal that produces at the high position of density of blood amplifies.If amplification is A, then expression formula 15 is rewritten as expression formula 16.

[expression formula 16]

$A{C}_b({\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(b\right)}+M{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(0\right)})+C_t{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(b\right)}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00021.png,S2008101254141E00081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_{1+}$

${\mathrm{AC}}_b({\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(b\right)}+M{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(0\right)})+C_t{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(b\right)}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_{2+}$

If get the poor of expression formula 15 from expression formula 16, just become:

[expression formula 17]

$(A-1)({\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(b\right)}+M{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(0\right)})={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00021.png,S2008101254141E00081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_{1+}-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00021.png,S2008101254141E00081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_1=\mathrm{\&Delta;}{s}_1$

$(A-1)({\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(b\right)}+M{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(0\right)})={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_{2+}-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_2=\mathrm{\&Delta;}{s}_2$

Photoacoustic signal from the water of the tissue at non-blood position is removed.

Here, in expression formula 17, if cancellation (A-1) just becomes:

[expression formula 18]

$M=\frac{(\mathrm{\&Delta;}{s}_1-\mathrm{\&Delta;}{s}_2){\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(b\right)}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{s}_2{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(0\right)}-\mathrm{\&Delta;}{s}_1{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(0\right)}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(b\right)}}{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_1^{\left(0\right)}-{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}_2^{\left(0\right)}}\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{s}_1-\mathrm{\&Delta;}{s}_2}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="s"\; filenames="S2008101254141E00031.png,S2008101254141E00041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">s</figure-callout>}}_2}$

Same with expression formula 4, can obtain concentration M from difference photoacoustic signal Δ s and known absorption factor alpha., expression formula 18 is with respectively for wavelength X ₁, λ ₂Mainly based on the absorption coefficient of the background of water ₁ ^(b), α ₂ ^(b)Almost equal is prerequisite.In addition, used

Character.

Here, not only can improve precision, and the existence of original glucose can be removed the background signal from the big non-blood tissues of the generating capacity that accounts for all middle photoacoustic signals less to the degree that can ignore based on the isolating constituent concentration calculating of blood constituent.Therefore, compare with existing method, the background noise with variations in temperature in the prediction tissue etc. can not bring the advantage of influence to measurement result in the manner.

Figure 16 is the figure of the blood constituent computational methods of this example of expression.With reference to Figure 15, describe the determination step of this example in detail.Described first light source 101 passes through drive circuit 102 by intensity modulated from agitator 103, the wavelength X shown in the epimere of output Figure 16 ₁The output waveform 194 of first light source.The secondary light source 105 and first light source 101 are synchronously by intensity modulated.Secondary light source 105 was modulated with respect to first light source 101 by described 180 ° of phase shifters 119 anti-phasely, thus the wavelength X shown in the stage casing of output Figure 16 ₂The output waveform 195 of secondary light source.Described the 3rd light source 106 usefulness are synchronously carried out intensity modulated by frequency divider 118 the frequency of the frequency of oscillation frequency division of agitator 103 and with agitator 103, the wavelength X shown in the hypomere of output Figure 16 ₃The output waveform 196 of the 3rd light source.

Figure 17 is the figure of expression by the photoacoustic signal of this example mensuration.With reference to Figure 15, the photoacoustic signal of being measured by this example is described.The light beam of 2 light that wavelength is different is synthetic by synthesizer 120, and organism is examined portion's 111 irradiations.Here, think each only independent sound wave that produces.This be because about the linear superposition of sound wave by by equational linear assurance of Helmholtz.Therefore, produce the first light source (wavelength X shown in first section of Figure 17 ₁) photoacoustic signal 197 and the secondary light source (wavelength X shown in second section of Figure 17 ₂) photoacoustic signal 198.Owing to also produce the 3rd light source (wavelength X shown in the 3rd section of Figure 17 ₃) variations in temperature 199, so detect as acoustic pressure and the summation 200 of having passed through the photoacoustic signal of wave filter 122 is subjected to modulation shown in the 4th section of Figure 17 by supersonic detector 121.

Obtain Δ s from first peak value of the summation 200 of detected photoacoustic signal and the difference of second peak value ₁: 208.In addition, the difference from first valley and second valley obtains Δ s ₂: 209, can be from expression formula 17 calculating composition concentration M.Signal amplitude and As when perhaps, temperature rises ₁1-As ₂Correspondence, signal amplitude and s when temperature descends ₁-s ₂Correspondence is so by getting both poor, can obtain Δ s ₁-Δ s ₂Perhaps in order to obtain signal delta s ₁, Δ s ₂, having only wavelength X in addition ₁Or λ ₂The irradiation of light under, measure the method for photoacoustic signal.At this moment, keep the waveform of first light source 101, make secondary light source 105 be output as zero.This can block first light source 101 or secondary light source 105 with mechanical shutter before the input part of synthesizer 120 output light perhaps makes the output of drive circuit 102 or drive circuit 116 drop to the oscillation threshold of first light source 101 or secondary light source 105 with the realization of getting off.

As mentioned above, if append the 3rd light source that has as a blood constituent wavelength that the hemoglobin expression characteristics that exists absorbs in blood for first light source and secondary light source, and use the modulating frequency that does not produce the photoacoustic signal degree to measure, cause the temperature rising in the high zone of density of blood because of the absorption of blood.Changing the photoacoustic signal that produces from velocity of sound increases.As a result, the variation of photoacoustic signal can make the photoacoustic signal that produces in the blood position increase with the variations in temperature of blood accordingly.Therefore, to the not direct actuating pressure of organism, and can make the blood position produce variations in temperature separately, so can differentiate the blood position effectively.This example is the isolating means that can non-invasively reproduce blood position and non-blood position.

Here, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus and the organism of organism has been described, but when replacing organism as object with liquid too.The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus and the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method that are this example also can be implemented the determination object beyond the organism.At this moment, if use liquid is had equal absorptance and for 2 different wavelength of the absorptance of object material, just can not carried out the detection of the composition in the liquid by the absorption concealed ground of liquid.In the structure of described example or embodiment,, just work as the fruit saccharometer if replace organism to be examined portion and to place fruit.This is because the sweet composition of fruit is that sucrose or fructose have absorption with the similar wavelength of the glucose of blood glucose composition, in the scope of the spirit that does not break away from this example, can use the determinator and the determinator control method of this example to various objects.

(embodiment)

The specific embodiment of example 2 is described here.

(embodiment 1)

Figure 18 represents the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of embodiment 1 and the structure of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method.In Figure 18,523 is first semiconductor laser light resources, the 524th, and drive current source, the 525th, agitator, the 526th, lens, 527 is second semiconductor laser light resources, the 528th, drive current source, 529 is 180 ° of phase shifters, the 530th, lens, the 531st, synthesizer, 532 is the 3rd semiconductor laser light resources, the 533rd, and drive current source, the 534th, frequency divider, the 535th, lens, the 536th, synthesizer, the 537th, organism is examined portion, and the 516th, acoustic lens, the 517th, the acoustic matching device, the 518th, supersonic detector, the 519th, high pass filter, the 520th, synchronous detection amplifier, the 521st, photoacoustic signal lead-out terminal, the 522nd, temperature meter.

In Figure 18, agitator 525 is with certain frequency vibration, determines first semiconductor laser light resource 523 and second semiconductor laser light resource 527 are carried out the frequency of intensity modulated.By using frequency divider 534 the signal frequency splits from agitator 525, the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 532 is to vibrate than the gap periods ground that the recurrence interval of the certain frequency of first semiconductor laser light resource 523 and second semiconductor laser light resource, 527 intensity modulated is also grown.

Signal from agitator 525 is input into drive current source 524, and drive current source 524 drives first semiconductor laser light resource 523.In addition, be input into 180 ° of phase shifters 529 from the signal of agitator 525 and by paraphase.The signal of paraphase is input into drive current source 528, and drive current source 528 drives the second conductor LASER Light Source 527.First semiconductor laser light resource 523 carries out intensity modulated with the second conductor LASER Light Source 527 with modulating frequency identical, inverting each otherly.

First semiconductor laser light resource 523, second semiconductor laser light resource 527, the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 532 are driven by drive current source 524, drive current source 528, drive current source 533 respectively, export setted wavelength and modulated light respectively.Light from first semiconductor laser light resource 523 is transformed to light beam by lens 526, is transformed to light beam from the light of second semiconductor laser light resource 527 by lens 530, and synthesizes a light beam by synthesizer 531.Light from the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 532 is transformed to light beam by lens 535, and is synthetic with the light beam from synthesizer 531 by synthesizer 536.Synthetic light beam is examined portion's 537 irradiations to the organism as detected body.It should be noted that, as mentioned above, synthetic light beam from first light source 523, from the light beam of secondary light source 527 and from the light beam of the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 532 except using in the present embodiment, in the example 3 of example 1 and explanation later on, example 4, example 5, example 6, also can use.

The light-struck organism of the output that is synthesized device 536 be examined portion 537 near be provided with temperature meter 522, detection is examined the variations in temperature of portion 537 by the organism of the light generation of the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 532, the output of temperature meter 522 is adjusted the drive current of drive current source 533 to the control terminal input of drive current source 533, become required value so that organism is examined the variations in temperature of portion 537.

The surface that is examined an opposite side on portion 537 surfaces with the light-struck organism of the output that is synthesized device 536 disposes acoustic lens 516, acoustic matching device 517 and supersonic detector 518 contiguously.It is that photoacoustic signal can transmit to supersonic detector 518 by acoustic matching device 517 by coalescence efficiently that acoustic lens 516 is examined the sound wave that produces in the portion 537 to organism.Acoustic matching device 517 has improved the transmission efficiency of the photoacoustic signal between acoustic lens 516 and the supersonic detector 518.Supersonic detector 518 receives by organism and is examined the photoacoustic signal that portion 537 produces, and is transformed to and the proportional signal of telecommunication of acoustic pressure and output.High pass filter 519 passes through the signal identical with the frequency of oscillation of agitator 525, synchronous detection amplifier 520 utilizes from the synchronizing signal of synchronous signal input end input the signal from high pass filter 519 inputs is carried out synchronous detection, synchronous detection the amplitude of photoacoustic signal to 521 outputs of photoacoustic signal lead-out terminal.

In described structure, the wavelength of first semiconductor laser light resource 523 is 1380nm, and the wavelength of second semiconductor laser light resource 527 is 1608nm, and the wavelength of the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 532 is 800nm.In addition, first semiconductor laser light resource 523 and second semiconductor laser light resource 527 have been carried out intensity modulated by the modulating frequency with 200kHz.It is that human body is not brought below 2 ℃ of harm that temperature rises.Therefore, the maximum allowable temperature when initial temperature is 37 ℃ is 39 ℃.For example, the thermal-diffusion constant of consideration bio-tissue is set the branch frequency of frequency divider, the modulating frequency that makes the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 532 is below the 100Hz, so that produce 0.1～0.2 ℃ temperature modulation in the organism, but, the modulating frequency that produces required variations in temperature exists with ... the wavelength and the beam diameter of light source, so Yi Bian be necessary to observe the intensity of temperature meter and photoacoustic signal, Yi Bian comprise the adjustment of light source output., in order to make minute the shortest, effectively adjust, select lens 535, thereby make the output light of the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 532 coaxial, and make beam diameter also become same degree with first semiconductor laser light resource 523 and second semiconductor laser light resource 527.More than the consideration, each light source output is set at 5mW.Adjust lens 526, lens 530, lens 535, respectively beam diameter is set at 3mm.It should be noted that, the beam diameter that makes first semiconductor laser light resource 523 and second semiconductor laser light resource 527 for degree except in this example, using, in the example 3 of example 1 and explanation later on, example 4, example 5, example 6, also can use.

Arrive supersonic detectors 518 by organism being examined the photoacoustic signal that portion's 537 irradiates lights produce by configuration acoustic lens 516, acoustic matching device 517 from organism.Use and the proximate member of bio-tissue acoustic impedance, for example use silicon to make and make ultrasound wave be pooled to the acoustic lens 516 of the central part of supersonic detector 518.In addition, use the member of almost intermediary acoustic impedance of the member of member with acoustic lens 516 and supersonic detector 518, acrylic resin is for example made the member of acoustic matching device 517.Supersonic detector 518 is to be designed to have and the modulating frequency of first semiconductor laser light resource 523, second semiconductor laser light resource 527 piezoelectric element or the condenser microphone with the natural frequency of degree.Photoacoustic signal is transformed to the signal of telecommunication by supersonic detector 518, detects hyperacoustic amplitude by synchronous detection amplifier 520.

When having blocked first semiconductor laser light resource 523, when promptly having only second semiconductor laser light resource 527, the output level of synchronous detection amplifier 520 is about 20 μ V.Blocking the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 532, when shining first semiconductor laser light resource 523, second semiconductor laser light resource 527 simultaneously, the output level of synchronous detection amplifier 520 is about 5nV.Append the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 532 again, Yi Bian carry out temperature modulation, Yi Bian detection signal.The output level of the synchronous detection amplifier 520 that temperature obtains when rising is 5.37nV.The output level of the synchronous detection amplifier of obtaining when in addition, temperature descends 520 is 5.33nV.

Poor from both, the Δ s of expression formula 18 ₁-Δ s ₂Become 42.1pV.In addition, read valley and temperature valley when descending poor of temperature when rising, obtain Δ s by oscillograph ₂Be 60.3nV.In view of the above, use expression formula 18, use known 1608nm than light absorption value 0.114M ^-1, having obtained concentration of glucose M is 3mM (50mg/dL).

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus that in above embodiment, illustrates, be with the place ahead mode of propagation of the surface measurements photoacoustic signal of the surface opposite that organism is examined portion's 537 irradiates lights.And also can be with the rear mode of propagation of the surperficial identical surface measurements photoacoustic signal that organism is examined portion's 537 irradiates lights.

Here, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus and the organism of organism has been described, but when replacing organism as object with liquid too.The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus and the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method that are this example also can be implemented the determination object beyond the organism.At this moment, if use solvent is had equal absorptance and for 2 different wavelength of the absorptance of liquid component, just can not carried out the detection of liquid component by the absorption concealed ground of solvent.

(embodiment 2)

Figure 19 is illustrated in the liquid component analysis and uses the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example and the inventive embodiment of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method.The example of liquid sample can be enumerated food liquid or the beverage that adds saccharide.In Figure 19,701 is first semiconductor laser light resources, the 702nd, and drive current source, the 703rd, agitator, the 704th, lens, 705 is second semiconductor laser light resources, the 706th, drive current source, 707 is 180 ° of phase shifters, the 708th, lens, the 709th, synthesizer, 710 is the 3rd semiconductor laser light resources, the 711st, and drive current source, the 712nd, frequency divider, the 713rd, lens, the 714th, synthesizer, the 715th, liquid sample, the 716th, test portion unit, the 717th, the acoustic matching device, the 718th, supersonic detector, the 719th, high pass filter, the 720th, synchronous detection amplifier, the 721st, photoacoustic signal lead-out terminal, the 722nd, temperature meter.

For fear of repetition, be that the center describes with the part different with the embodiment of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 180 and blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method.

By synthesizer 714 synthetic synthetic light liquid sample 715 is shone.Near the light-struck part of output of synthesizer 714 test portion unit 716 is provided with temperature meter 722, and the lead-out terminal of temperature meter 722 is connected on the control terminal of drive current source 711 by holding wire.Temperature meter 722 has the temperature of measuring liquid sample 715 and the function that measurement result is exported to lead-out terminal as the signal of telecommunication.

With the surface of the opposite side on the surface of the light-struck test portion of the output of synthesizer 714 unit 716 acoustic matching device 717 is set in contact.Across acoustic matching device 717, supersonic detector 718 is set.Acoustic matching device 717 has the function of the transmission efficiency that improves the photoacoustic signal between test portion unit 716 and the supersonic detector 718.

In the present embodiment, determination object is to be mixed with the sugar concentration that is comprised in the food solution of fat constituent and moisture.In order only to measure the sugar concentration that only in the fat constituent of 2 kinds of mixed solutions, comprises, in Figure 19, the wavelength that makes first semiconductor laser light resource 701 is 1380nm, the wavelength of second semiconductor laser light resource 705 is 1608nm, and the wavelength of the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 710 is the 1710nm that fat constituent presents remarkable absorption.

The modulating frequency of first semiconductor laser light resource 701 and second semiconductor laser light resource 705 is 200kHz.Consider the thermal-diffusion constant of liquid, set the frequency dividing ratio of frequency divider 712, the modulating frequency that makes the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 710 is below the 100Hz, so that produce 0.1～0.2 ℃ temperature modulation in the liquid.In fact, the modulating frequency that produces required variations in temperature exists with ... the wavelength and the beam diameter of light source, so Yi Bian be necessary to observe the temperature of temperature meter 722 mensuration and the intensity of photoacoustic signal, Yi Bian comprise the adjustment of light source output.

In order to shorten minute, effectively to adjust, select lens 713, thereby make the output light of the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 710 coaxial with first semiconductor laser light resource 701 and second semiconductor laser light resource 705, beam diameter also becomes same degree.

More than the consideration, the output of the light source of first semiconductor laser light resource 701, second semiconductor laser light resource 705, the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 710 is respectively 12mW.In addition, adjust lens 704, lens 708 and lens 713, respectively the beam diameter of first semiconductor laser light resource 701, second semiconductor laser light resource 705, the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 710 is set at 4mm.

If the irradiates light from first semiconductor laser light resource 701, second semiconductor laser light resource 705, the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 710 shines liquid sample 715, then the sound wave that produces in the liquid sample 715 is that photoacoustic signal passes through test portion unit 716, acoustic matching device 717 arrives supersonic detector 718.The member that use has a test portion unit 716 is the member member aluminum for example of the intermediary acoustic impedance of pottery for example of glass and supersonic detector 718 for example, makes acoustic matching device 717.

Applying the acoustic matching agent between the test portion unit 716 harmony adapters 717 and between acoustic matching device 717 and the supersonic detector 718, reduced influence because of the reflection that causes across air layer.Supersonic detector 718 is to be designed to have and the modulating frequency of first semiconductor laser light resource 701 and second semiconductor laser light resource 705 piezoelectric element or the condenser microphone with the natural frequency of degree.Photoacoustic signal is transformed to the signal of telecommunication by supersonic detector 718, and by high pass filter 719.At this moment, set cut-off frequency, thus unattenuated near 200kHz, and more than 1kHz decay 20dB.

Detect by synchronous detection amplifier 720 from the signal of telecommunication of high pass filter 719 outputs.The output of the synchronous detection amplifier 720 when blocking the output of first semiconductor laser light resource 701, when having only second semiconductor laser light resource 705 is about 120 μ V.In the output of blocking the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 710, when shining first semiconductor laser light resource 701, second semiconductor laser light resource 705 simultaneously, the output of the synchronous detection amplifier of obtaining 720 is about 12nVp-p.And then append the 3rd semiconductor laser light resource 710, carry out temperature modulation.The synchronous detection amplifier of obtaining when temperature rises 720 is output as 4.33 μ Vp-p.In addition, the synchronous detection amplifier of obtaining when temperature descends 720 is output as 4.36 μ Vp-p.Poor from both, the Δ s in the expression formula 18 ₁-Δ s ₂Be 30nV.

Read valley and temperature valley when descending poor of temperature when rising by for example oscillograph etc., obtain Δ s ₂Be 5.4 μ V in the present embodiment.

As a result, use expression formula 18, use known 1608nm wavelength than absorbance 0.114M ^-1, just obtaining concentration of glucose M is 45mM (750mg/dL).

In the liquid component concentration determination that in above embodiment, illustrates, be with the place ahead mode of propagation to the surface measurements photoacoustic signal of surface opposite one side of liquid sample 715 irradiates lights.And also can be with rear mode of propagation to the surface measurements photoacoustic signal of surperficial the same sides mutually of liquid sample 715 irradiates lights, action is same with described the place ahead mode of propagation.

In the structure of described example and embodiment, place fruit if replace liquid sample, just work as the fruit saccharometer.This is because the sweet composition of fruit is that sucrose or fructose have absorption with the similar wavelength of the glucose of blood glucose composition.

(example 3)

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example comprises: the light generation part that produces light; The frequency scanning parts that the modulating frequency of the light that the described smooth generation part of modulation is produced scans; By signal, the light that is produced by described smooth generation part is carried out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity from described frequency scanning parts; To live body shine described intensity modulated the light irradiation element of light; Detection is the sonic detection parts of photoacoustic signal by the sound wave that the light of described irradiation in vivo produces; The integrating block that the sound wave that described sonic detection parts are detected adds up in the modulation frequency range of scanning.

With reference to Figure 20, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is described.The structure example of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example shown in Figure 20 comprises: as the light source 112 of light generation part, as the lens 99 of light irradiation element, as the drive circuit 104 of modulating part and agitator 103, as the control circuit 125 of frequency scanning parts, as the sonic detection parts acoustic coupler 126, supersonic detector 127 and phase detection amplifier 128, as the computer 129 of integrating block.

Agitator 103 is connected with drive circuit 104, phase detection amplifier 128, control circuit 125 respectively by holding wire, the oscillator signal of agitator 103 sends to drive circuit 104, phase detection amplifier 128 respectively, receives the signal of the scanning of control frequency of oscillation simultaneously from control circuit 125.

Drive circuit 104 receives the signal that sends from agitator 103, supplies with driving electric to the light source 112 that is connected by holding wire, makes light source 112 luminous, and the light of light source 112 outputs and the frequency of oscillation of agitator 103 are synchronously carried out intensity modulated.Here, the light wavelength of the light source 112 output blood constituent that is set at biological intravital determination object presents the wavelength of absorption.

The light scioptics 99 of light source 112 outputs shine to the assigned position that organism is examined portion 110, and the inside that makes organism be examined portion 110 produces photoacoustic signal.

Supersonic detector 127 is examined in the portion 110 signal of telecommunication that is in proportion of described sound wave that produces and the described sound wave that is transformed to and detects across acoustic coupler 126 detection of biological bodies, sends to the phase detection amplifier 128 that is connected by holding wire.Here, the face of one side of acoustic coupler 126 connects and is examined portion 110 with organism and contacts, and the face of opposite side contacts with supersonic detector 127, has organism is examined in the portion 110 function that the described photoacoustic signal that produces transmits to supersonic detector 127 efficiently.

The signal conduct that 128 receptions of phase detection amplifier are sent from agitator 103 is used for the synchronizing signal of synchronous detection, and receive the signal of telecommunication that is in proportion that transmit from supersonic detector 127 and described photoacoustic signal, carry out synchronous detection, amplification, filtering, send to the computer 129 that connects by holding wire.

Computer 129 receives the described signal of sending from phase detection amplifier 128, the described signal that receives accumulative total the surge frequency range that agitator 103 is scanned that receives from control circuit 125, testing result from described photoacoustic signal totally, the detected value of the resonant frequency that the detection sensitivity of selection supersonic detector 127 increases, and the value of accumulative total selection.Here, by computer 129 or not shown external device (ED), can calculate the blood constituent concentration of determination object from the detected value of accumulative total.

Computer 129 receives the described signal of sending from phase detection amplifier 128, from the described signal that receives be used for coming control generator 103 according to the frequency of oscillation of agitator 103 scannings that receive from control circuit 125 and comprise the control signal of excursion of resonant frequency of supersonic detector 127 to control circuit 125 transmissions that are connected by holding wire so that the frequency of oscillation of agitator 103 is the sweep limits of modulating frequency.

Here, computer 129 can send the signal of the scanning of the frequency of oscillation of control generator 103 to control circuit 125, with in the described modulating frequency of light source 112 in the example of the sensory characteristic of supersonic detector shown in Figure 21, for example scan the also wide scope of frequency than the half breadth of resonance characteristics.In addition, can send the signal of the scanning of the frequency of oscillation of control generator 103 to control circuit 125, for example scan 1/2 the frequency range to become part at peak value from resonance characteristics.The frequency of oscillation that control circuit 125 comes control generator 103 according to the control signal that sends from computer 129.

As mentioned above, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is under the situation of the resonance characteristics variation of supersonic detector 127, by scanning the modulating frequency of the light of organism irradiation is being come the intravital photoacoustic signal of detection of biological, can be under the state consistent with the resonant frequency of supersonic detector 127, the value of selecting to go out with high-sensitivity detection from the detected value of photoacoustic signal also adds up, and correctly measures blood constituent concentration.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example comprises in order: the light generation part produces the light generation step of light; The frequency scanning parts will be modulated the frequency scanning step that the light frequency that produces in the described smooth generation step scans; Optical modulator component is undertaken the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity to the light that is produced by described smooth generation step by the signal by described frequency scanning step scanning; The sonic detection parts are radiated in the described light modulation step by the rayed step of the light of intensity modulated to live body; It is the sonic detection step of photoacoustic signal that the parts that add up detect the sound wave that is produced by the light that shines in vivo; Integrating block is the accumulative total step of the photoacoustic signal that detects in described sonic detection step accumulative total in the modulation frequency range of scanning.

The output of the agitator that frequency of oscillation scanned 103 that the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example is for example controlled frequency by control circuit shown in Figure 20 125 sends to drive circuit 104, drive the light source 112 that constitutes by semiconductor laser by the drive circuit 104 of receiving rate of scanning and produce light, and carry out intensity modulated.At this moment, light source 112 is luminous, by the frequency of described scanning the light that produces is carried out intensity modulated.Here, the light wavelength of light source 112 generations is set at the wavelength that the blood constituent that becomes determination object presents absorption.

As mentioned above, the light of described intensity modulated is shone organism, by acoustic coupler for example shown in Figure 20 126, detect the photoacoustic signal that the light by the described intensity modulated of irradiation produces in vivo by supersonic detector 127, be transformed to the signal of telecommunication that is in proportion with photoacoustic signal, carry out synchronous detection, amplification, filtering by phase detection amplifier 128, and stride given time accumulative total and average, send to computer 129.

As mentioned above, the detected described photoacoustic signal conduct and the proportional signal of telecommunication of pressure, accumulative total in by the modulation frequency range of computer for example shown in Figure 20 129 scannings, from the signal of telecommunication that is in proportion of described and the photoacoustic signal of accumulative total, select the detected value of the resonant frequency that detection sensitivity increases or frequency and in the frequency range of selecting accumulative total, calculate described blood constituent concentration.

According to described method, even during the variation of resonant frequency of the supersonic detector 127 of the intravital photoacoustic signal of detection of biological, also can select the detected value and the accumulative total of the photoacoustic signal of the frequency consistent with the resonant frequency of supersonic detector 127, calculate blood constituent concentration, so can correctly measure blood constituent concentration.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example comprises: the light generation part that produces 2 light of different wave length; The frequency scanning parts that the light frequency that the described smooth generation part of modulation is produced scans; By signal from described frequency scanning parts, 2 light of different wave length respectively with the anti-phase synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity that carries out; Described intensity modulated 2 photosynthetic ripples of different wave length be 1 light beam, to the light irradiation element of live body irradiation; Detection is the sonic detection parts of photoacoustic signal by the sound wave that the light of described irradiation in vivo produces; The integrating block of the detected photoacoustic signal of described sonic detection parts accumulative total in the modulation frequency range of scanning.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described smooth generation part is set at the wavelength that the blood constituent expression characteristics absorbs to a light wavelength, and another light wavelength is set at the wavelength that water presents the absorption that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.

The structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is described with reference to Figure 22.The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example shown in Figure 22 comprises: as first light source 301 and the secondary light source 302 of light generation part; Wave multiplexer 308 as light irradiation element; As agitator 298, drive circuit 303, drive circuit 297 and 180 ° of phase shifters 299 of modulating part; Control circuit 300 as the frequency scanning parts; Acoustic coupler 327 and supersonic detector 328 and phase detection amplifier 329 as the sonic detection parts; And as the computer 330 of integrating block.

Agitator 298 is connected with drive circuit 303,180 ° of phase shifters 299, phase detection amplifier 329 and control circuits 300 respectively by holding wire, in addition, agitator 298 sends to drive circuit 303,180 ° of phase shifters 299, phase detection amplifier 329 to oscillator signal respectively, and receives the signal of the scanning of control frequencies of oscillation from control circuit 300.

Drive circuit 303 receives the signal that sends from agitator 298, first light source 301 that is connected by holding wire is supplied with driving electric, make first light source 301 luminous, and synchronously the light of first light source, 301 outputs is carried out intensity modulated with the frequency of oscillation of agitator 298.

180 ° of phase shifters 299 receive the signal that sends from agitator 298, and the signal that the phase place that the signal that receives is provided 180 ° is changed sends the drive circuit 297 that is connected by holding wire.

Drive circuit 297 receives the signal that sends from 180 ° of phase shifters 299, the secondary light source 302 that is connected by holding wire is supplied with driving electric, make secondary light source 302 luminous, the signal that provides the light of secondary light source 302 output and frequency of oscillation to agitator 298 180 ° phase place to change synchronously carries out intensity modulated.Therefore, the light exported respectively of first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 is by signal modulation inverting each other.

Here, a light wavelength of first light source 301 shown in Figure 22 and secondary light source 302 each wavelength is set at the wavelength that absorbs as the blood constituent expression characteristics of determination object, another light wavelength is set at the wavelength that water presents the absorption that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.

First light source 301 and secondary light source 302 are exported the light that aforesaid wavelength differs from one another respectively, and the light of each output is to wave multiplexer 308 inputs that are connected with secondary light source 302 by the light wave transfer member and first light source 301.

The light of first light source, 301 outputs and the light of secondary light source 302 outputs are to wave multiplexer 308 inputs and closed ripple, shine to the assigned position that the organism as detected body is examined portion 309 as 1 light beam, producing sound wave in organism is examined portion 309 is photoacoustic signal.

Supersonic detector 328 is examined the described photoacoustic signal that produces in the portion 309 by acoustic coupler 327 detection of biological bodies, be transformed to the signal of telecommunication that is in proportion with detected described photoacoustic signal, send to the phase detection amplifier 329 that connects by holding wire.

Here, 2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that presents than water for the difference of the absorption that presents as the blood constituent of determination object of first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 wavelength set separately.On the other hand, the difference that can make the absorption that described water presents is zero, a light wavelength is set at the wavelength that absorbs as the blood constituent expression characteristics of determination object, another light wavelength is set at the wavelength that water presents the absorption that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 wavelength set separately present than in addition blood constituent for the difference of the absorption that presents as the blood constituent of determination object.It should be noted that, is first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 wavelength set separately described value except using in this example, can also use in example 1, example 2 and the example 3 that illustrates later, example 4, example 5, example 6.

In addition, because the light that first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 are exported is respectively modulated inverting each otherly, so in the photoacoustic signal that organism is examined portion 309 in, produces by the light of the photosynthetic ripple that first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 exports respectively that organism is examined portion 309 irradiation, organism is examined the closing that the glistening light of waves is absorbed by blood constituent that becomes determination object and water of portion's 309 irradiations and the photoacoustic signal that produces and have only the water absorption and the photoacoustic signal of generation is detected by supersonic detector 328 as the difference of the size of photoacoustic signal in the stage of photoacoustic signal mutual superposition.

The surface of one side of acoustic coupler 327 is examined portion 309 with organism and contacts, and the surface of opposite side contacts with supersonic detector 328, has organism is examined in the portion 309 function that the described photoacoustic signal that produces transmits to supersonic detector 328 efficiently.

The signal conduct that 329 receptions of phase detection amplifier are sent from supersonic detector 328 is used for the synchronizing signal of synchronous detection, and receive the signal of telecommunication that is in proportion that transmit from supersonic detector 328 and described photoacoustic signal, carry out synchronous detection, amplification, filtering, send to the computer 330 that connects by holding wire.

Computer 330 receives described signal and a described signal that the receives accumulative total of sending from phase detection amplifier 329 the surge frequency range that agitator 298 is scanned that receives from control circuit 300, the detected value or the frequency of the resonant frequency that the detection sensitivity of selection supersonic detector 328 increases from the testing result of described photoacoustic signal totally, accumulative total is calculated described blood constituent concentration in the scope of selecting.Here, by computer 330 or not shown external device (ED), can calculate the blood constituent concentration of determination object from the detected value of accumulative total.

Computer 330 receives the described signal of sending from phase detection amplifier 329, from the described signal that receives be used for coming control generator 298 according to the frequency of oscillation of agitator 298 scannings that receive from control circuit 300 and comprise the control signal of excursion of resonant frequency of supersonic detector 328 to control circuit 300 transmissions that are connected by holding wire so that the frequency of oscillation of agitator 298 is the sweep limits of modulating frequency.

Here, computer 330 can send the signal of the scanning of the frequency of oscillation of control generator 298 to control circuit 300, with in the modulating frequency of first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 in the example of the sensory characteristic of supersonic detector shown in Figure 21, for example scan the also wide scope of frequency than the half breadth of resonance characteristics.Can send the signal of the scanning of the frequency of oscillation of control generator 298 to control circuit 300, with in scanning from the peak value of resonance characteristics to becoming for example 1/2 frequency range of part.The frequency of oscillation that control circuit 300 comes control generator 298 according to the control signal that sends from computer 330.

As mentioned above, in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, the light of first light source, 301 outputs and the light of secondary light source 302 outputs carry out intensity modulated by the signal of same frequency, so do not exist in the influence of the inhomogeneity of the mensuration frequency characteristic partly that becomes problem when the signal by a plurality of frequencies of the prior art carries out intensity modulated.

In addition, as mentioned above, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is under the situation that supersonic detector 328 changes, coming the intravital photoacoustic signal of detection of biological by the scanning modulating frequency, can be under the state consistent with the resonant frequency of supersonic detector 328, from the detected value of photoacoustic signal, select with the value of high-sensitivity detection and come accumulative total, correctly measure blood constituent concentration.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example comprises in order: the light generation part produces the light generation step of 2 light of different wave length; The frequency scanning parts will be modulated the frequency scanning step that the light frequency that produces in the described smooth generation step scans; The signal of optical modulator component by scanning in the described frequency scanning step, 2 light of described different wave length respectively with the anti-phase synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity of carrying out; Light irradiation element is 2 photosynthetic ripples of the different wave length that has carried out intensity modulated in the described light modulation step 1 light beam, to the rayed step of live body irradiation; It is the sonic detection step of photoacoustic signal that the sonic detection parts detect the sound wave that is produced by the light that shines in the described rayed step in vivo; Integrating block is the accumulative total step of the photoacoustic signal that detects in described sonic detection step accumulative total in the modulation frequency range of scanning.

The output of the agitator that frequency of oscillation scanned 298 that the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example is for example controlled frequency by control circuit shown in Figure 22 300 sends to drive circuit 297 to drive circuit 303 and by 180 ° of phase shifters 299 respectively, drive circuit 303 by receiving rate of scanning and drive circuit 297 drive first light source 301 and the secondary light source 302 that for example are made of semiconductor laser and produce light, and carry out intensity modulated.At this moment, first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 are luminous respectively, by described rate of scanning the light that produces are respectively carried out intensity modulated.

Here, 2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that presents than water of the difference of the absorption that first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 wavelength set are separately presented for the blood constituent as determination object.On the other hand, the difference that can make the absorption that described water presents is zero, a light wavelength in first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 wavelength separately is set at the wavelength that absorbs as the blood constituent expression characteristics of determination object, another light wavelength is set at the wavelength that water presents the absorption that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 wavelength set separately present than remaining blood constituent for the difference of the absorption that presents as the blood constituent of determination object.It should be noted that, is first light source 301 and secondary light source 302 wavelength set separately described value except using in this example, can also use in example 1, example 2 and the example 4 that illustrates later, example 5, example 6.

Then, the light that light that first light source 301 produces and secondary light source 302 produce is to wave multiplexer shown in Figure 22 308 inputs and closed ripple, shine to the assigned position that the organism as detected body is examined portion 309 as 1 light beam, producing sound wave in organism is examined portion 309 is photoacoustic signal.

As mentioned above, described intensity modulated light organism is shone, detect the photoacoustic signal that the light by the described intensity modulated of irradiation produces in vivo by acoustic coupler for example shown in Figure 22 327 by supersonic detector 328, be transformed to the signal of telecommunication that is in proportion with photoacoustic signal, carry out synchronous detection, amplification, filtering by phase detection amplifier 329, and stride given time accumulative total and average, send to computer 330.

As mentioned above, the detected described photoacoustic signal conduct and the proportional signal of telecommunication of pressure, accumulative total in by the modulation frequency range of computer for example shown in Figure 22 330 scannings, from the signal of telecommunication that is in proportion of totally described and photoacoustic signal, select the detected value or the frequency of the resonant frequency of detection sensitivity increase, accumulative total is calculated described blood constituent concentration in the scope of selecting.

According to described method, even when the variation of resonant frequency of the supersonic detector 328 of the intravital photoacoustic signal of detection of biological, the detected value that also can select the photoacoustic signal of the frequency consistent with the resonant frequency of supersonic detector 328 also calculates blood constituent concentration, so can correctly measure blood constituent concentration.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described sonic detection parts are followed the tracks of the modulating frequency of described frequency scanning parts scanning, detection is a photoacoustic signal by the sound wave that the light that shines in vivo produces, described integrating block has in the modulation frequency range of high detection sensitivity at described sonic detection parts, the photoacoustic signal that the described sonic detection parts of accumulative total detect.

The structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is with same with reference to the described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of Figure 20 and Figure 22 explanation.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is following situation: in the described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of reference Figure 20 and Figure 22 explanation, 330 scannings with modulating frequency of computer 129 or computer are followed the tracks of and are monitored as the output of phase detection amplifier 128 or phase detection amplifier 329 by the size of supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328 detected photoacoustic signals accordingly, the modulating frequency that the sensitivity of search supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328 increases obtains the size and the accumulative total of the photoacoustic signal that detects the scope of the modulating frequency that the sensitivity at supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328 increases from the output of phase detection amplifier 128 or phase detection amplifier 329.

As mentioned above, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example can be obtained size and the accumulative total that becomes near the photoacoustic signal that detects the maximum modulating frequency in the sensitivity of supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328 from the output of phase detection amplifier 128 or phase detection amplifier 329, thereby correctly measures blood constituent concentration.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example, described sonic detection step is followed the tracks of the modulating frequency that scans in the described frequency scanning step, the sound wave that detection is produced in liquid by the light that shines, in the modulation frequency range of described accumulative total step detection sensitivity of photoacoustic signal in described sonic detection step, the photoacoustic signal that detects in the described sonic detection step of accumulative total.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example is following situation: in described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method, in the sonic detection step, for example in the described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of reference Figure 20 and Figure 22 explanation, supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328 detect accordingly with the scanning of modulating frequency, in described accumulative total step, by computer 129 or 330 size of the photoacoustic signal of supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328 detections is followed the tracks of and monitored as the output of phase detection amplifier 128 or phase detection amplifier 329, the point of the modulating frequency that the sensitivity of search supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328 increases is obtained at supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328 from the output of phase detection amplifier 128 or phase detection amplifier 329 and to be had the size and the accumulative total of the photoacoustic signal that detects the modulation frequency range of high detection sensitivity.

As mentioned above, it is photoacoustic signal that the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example detects the sound wave that the photoacoustic signal by the intensity modulated frequency scanning produces in vivo to the organism irradiation, from the resonant frequency consistent modulating frequency of detected value search with the sensitivity increase of supersonic detector, with detect photoacoustic signal near the sensitivity of supersonic detector becomes the consistent modulating frequency of maximum resonant frequency, thereby can correctly measure blood constituent.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example also has: the blood constituent concentration calculating unit that calculates biological intravital blood constituent concentration from the size of the photoacoustic signal of described detection.

The structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example adopts and the same structure of described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus with reference to Figure 20 and Figure 22 explanation, is to make computer 129 or computer 330 have the situation of calculating functions of components as blood constituent concentration.

Promptly, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is in Figure 20 and described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 22, computer 129 or computer 330 have after a signal from phase detection amplifier 128 or 329 receptions of phase detection amplifier adds up and be average, the situation as blood constituent concentration calculating functions of components of computational methods calculating blood constituent concentration according to the rules.

Here, as the computational methods of described regulation, can be that numeric data or the theoretical formula that blood constituent from the amount of the blood constituent of representing biological intravital determination object and determination object presents the magnitude relationship of the photoacoustic signal that the light of the wavelength of absorption produces the organism irradiation calculated.

As mentioned above, by being provided with blood constituent concentration calculating unit, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example can easily be measured blood constituent concentration.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example also comprises: the size of the photoacoustic signal that detects from described sonic detection step is calculated the blood constituent concentration calculation procedure of biological intravital blood constituent concentration.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example be the described sonic detection step of described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method for example also comprise with reference to the computer 129 of the described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of Figure 20 and Figure 22 explanation or computer 330 the signals accumulative total that receives from phase detection amplifier 128 or phase detection amplifier 329 and average after, computational methods according to the rules, the situation as blood constituent concentration calculation procedure of calculating blood constituent concentration.

Here, as the computational methods of described regulation, can be that to present sound wave that the light of the wavelength of absorption produces the organism irradiation be that the numeric data or the theoretical formula of the magnitude relationship of photoacoustic signal calculated for blood constituent from the amount of the blood constituent of representing biological intravital determination object and determination object.

As mentioned above, by comprising blood constituent concentration calculation procedure, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example can easily be measured blood constituent concentration.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example also comprises: write down the recording-member of the photoacoustic signal that described sonic detection parts detect accordingly with the modulating frequency of scanning.

The structure of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is in the described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus with reference to Figure 20 and Figure 22 explanation for example, connects the situation as the structure of the recorder (not illustrating) of recording-member on computer 129 or computer 330.

The modulating frequency of described recorder and described scanning logger computer 129 or computer 330 accordingly is examined the signal that is in proportion that portion 110 or organism are examined the photoacoustic signals that produce in the portion 309 from phase detection amplifier 128 or phase detection amplifier 329 are that receive with organism.

Record by described recorder, when the variation of resonant frequency of supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328, also can confirm organism is examined the scope whether the sweep limits of modulating frequency that portion 110 or organism be examined the light of portion's 309 irradiations comprises described variation of resonant frequency, perhaps whether from the value of the size of supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328 detected photoacoustic signals, select by the value of the modulating frequency consistent with high-precision measuring with described resonant frequency.It should be noted that described recording-member be except using in this example, can also in example 1, example 2 and the example 4 that illustrates later, example 5, example 6, use.

As mentioned above, by recording-member is set, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example can be measured blood constituent concentration reliably.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example also comprises after described sonic detection step: write down the recording step of the photoacoustic signal that detects in the described sonic detection step accordingly with the modulating frequency of scanning.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example is after the described sonic detection step of described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method, and the frequency of oscillation that comprises the recorder (not shown) that is connected with computer 129 or computer 330 and scanning in the described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method with reference to Figure 20 and Figure 22 explanation for example is the situation of the recording step of the signal that receives from phase detection amplifier 128 or phase detection amplifier 329 of logger computer 129 or computer 330 accordingly.

By described recording step, when the variation of resonant frequency of supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328, also can really appoint organism is examined the scope whether the sweep limits of modulating frequency that portion 110 or organism be examined the light of portion's 309 irradiations comprises described variation of resonant frequency, perhaps select by the value of the modulating frequency consistent the value of the size of the photoacoustic signal that whether detects from supersonic detector 127 or supersonic detector 328 with high-precision measuring with described resonant frequency.

As mentioned above, by comprising described recording step, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example is blood constituent concentration exactly.It should be noted that described recording step be except using in this example, can also in example 1, example 2 and the example 4 that illustrates later, example 5, example 6, use.

(example 4)

Figure 23 is the ideograph of an example of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example of expression.Blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 23 comprises: as the light generating unit 11 of the light generation part that produces light, the light that light generating unit 11 is produced carries out the synthetic modulating sections 12 as optical modulator component of electric intensity with certain frequency, be examined the intensity-modulated light 1 of intensity modulated has been carried out in portion's 97 irradiations by modulating sections 12 illumination part 13 to organism as light irradiation element as detected body, detection is examined the ultrasound examination portion 14 as the sonic detection parts that portion's 97 emitting sound wave are photoacoustic signal 3 from the organism of exposure rate light modulated 1, and the inside 22 between illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14 can dispose acoustic impedance and organism and be examined portion 97 sound matter of matching and organism about equally and be examined portion 97.

Blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 22 comprises: with acoustic impedance and organism be examined portion 97 sound matter of matching about equally fill the container 21 of the inside 22 between illumination part 13 and the ultrasound examination portion 14, be configured in the internal face of container 21 sound-absorbing material 15, measure the temperature of the sound matter of matching in the dispensing containers 21 the temperature survey portion 16 as temperature measurement unit, be configured in container 21 internal face for the transparent exit window 17 of intensity-modulated light 1.The inside 22 that Figure 23 is illustrated in container 21 has disposed the appearance that sound matter of matching and organism are examined portion 97, be examined the inside 22 of portion 97 sound matter of matching about equally being filled with acoustic impedance and organism, illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14 clip organism and are examined portion 97 and dispose, and the surface of exit window 17, ultrasound examination portion 14 is contacting with the sound matter of matching respectively.

It should be noted that, represented that in Figure 23 illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14 are configured in the roughly example of opposed position.The photoacoustic signal 3 that is examined portion's 97 emissions from organism is detected with the signal intensity of maximum in the direction of illumination part 13 exposure rate light modulated 1.By illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14 are configured in roughly opposed position, can further improve the precision of the photoacoustic signal of ultrasound examination portion 14 detections.It should be noted that, as mentioned above, illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14 are configured in roughly opposed position except using in this example, can also in example 1, example 2, example 3 and the example 5 that illustrates later, example 6, use.

Light generating unit 11 is the devices that produce light, for example can list fluorescent lamp, Halogen light, comprise semiconductor laser laser instrument, comprise the light-emitting component of light emitting diode.Wish that light generating unit 11 produces the light of the wavelength that is absorbed by the one-tenth branch of measuring concentration, for example preferred laser or light-emitting component etc. have the device of wavelength selectivity.

Modulating sections 12 is that the light that light generating unit 11 produces is carried out the synthetic device of electric intensity with certain frequency.Can list and comprise agitator, drive circuit, the device of 180 ° of phase shifters.

It should be noted that light generating unit 11 produces different wave length λ ₁, λ ₂2 light, modulating sections 12 is wavelength X ₁, λ ₂Light respectively intensity modulated be frequency intensity-modulated light identical and inverting each other 1.For example, with the blood level of the glucose index as blood glucose value, the sound matter of matching is under the situation of water, because glucose presents absorption at 1600nm place, so select near the wavelength of 1600nm as wavelength X ₁, it is neighbouring as wavelength X that the absorptance of selection water becomes equal wavelength 1400nm ₂

Below, wavelength X is described ₁Be the wavelength that blood constituent absorbs, wavelength X ₂For water present with to λ ₁The wavelength of the absorption that equates of absorption the time concentration measured.For wavelength X ₁, λ ₂, when the absorption coefficient of known water ₁ ^(b), α ₂ ^(b)And the molar absorption coefficient α of blood constituent ₁ ⁽⁰⁾, α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾The time, separate the measured value s of the photoacoustic signal that comprises each wavelength ₁And s ₂Company's equate, expression formula 1, obtain concentration M.Here, C is a coefficient, is sensitivity, the unknown constant from illumination part to the distance the living body detection portion, specific heat, thermal coefficient of expansion, velocity of sound, modulating frequency, absorptance that exists with ... acoustical coupling, ultrasound examination portion.If, just become expression formula 4 from expression formula 1 cancellation C, can be from photoacoustic signal s ₁, s ₂And known each absorptance is obtained concentration M., expression formula 4 is with for wavelength X ₁, λ ₂, based on the absorption coefficient of the background of water ₁ ^(b), α ₂ ^(b)Almost equal is prerequisite.In addition, also used

Character.By 2 intensity-modulated lights, can remove the influence that is subjected to of photoacoustic signal from water to intensity-modulated light 1 frequency of utilization different wave length identical and inverting each other.

Illumination part 13 be irradiation by modulating sections 12 intensity modulated the device of intensity-modulated light 1.It is configured in the member of the part of exposure rate light modulated 1, preferably for intensity-modulated light 1 material transparent.As material transparent, can list glass, plastics.When contacting, preferably with the nonreactive material of sound matter of matching, for example quartz plate, optical flat, sapphire plate with the sound matter of matching.Illumination part 13 can comprise the optical fiber that can guide intensity-modulated light 1.By comprising optical fiber, can dispose light generating unit 11 and modulating sections 12 in place, and intensity-modulated light is directed to the position that energy irradiating biological body is examined portion 97 away from illumination part 13.

It is photoacoustic signal 3 that sound wave detects in ultrasound examination portion 14.For example can list element that element that element that crystal microphone, ceramic microphone, ceramic ultrasonic sensor etc. use piezoelectric effect and/or electrostriction effect, dynamic microphone, banded microphone etc. use electromagnetic induction, condenser microphone etc. use electrostatic effect, magnetostrictive vibrator etc. and use magnetostrictive element.Element with piezoelectric effect can list crystalline elements such as comprising PZT or PVDF.Owing to detect the sound wave in the sound matter of matching, transmit, so hydromicrophone such as hydrophone preferably.Preferably be formed for layer (for example silica gel) with the acoustic impedance of sound matter of matching coupling on the surface.

Temperature survey portion 16 is thermometeies of measuring the temperature of sound matter of matching.The sound matter of matching is liquid, colloidal sol or gel, so temperature survey portion 16 can use the thermometer of contact.Can also use contactless radiation thermometer.

Blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 23 can have the temperature regulation section (not shown) that the temperature of being measured according to temperature survey portion 16 is regulated the temperature of sound matter of matching.As temperature regulation section, can list heater.By regulate the temperature of sound matter of matching according to the temperature of temperature survey portion 16 mensuration, can make the temperature stabilization on sound matter of matching and photoacoustic signal surface.For example, can when rising, temperature regulate the temperature of sound matter of matching.By making the temperature stabilization on sound matter of matching and photoacoustic signal surface, can make the vary stable of the photoacoustic signal 3 that variations in temperature causes, improve the computational accuracy of blood constituent concentration.

Container 21 shown in Figure 23 is the devices that can fill the sound matter of matching in inner 22.

In Figure 23, represented to comprise the example of sound-absorbing material 15 at the internal face of container 21.Sound-absorbing material 15 absorbing light acoustical signals 3.For example, can use the material that in epoxy resin, comprises metal oxide powder (titanium oxide or tungsten oxide).Comprise sound-absorbing material 15 by at least a portion, can absorb, remove the sound wave that is examined the multipath reflection that the in-built inhomogeneity of portion 97 produces by organism at the internal face of container 21.In view of the above, ultrasound examination portion 14 can detect the photoacoustic signal 3 that is examined portion's 97 emissions from organism efficiently.

In addition, in Figure 23, represented that container 21 has the example of exit window 17.Exit window 17 is transparent for intensity-modulated light 1.For example, transparent glass or plastics are arranged.Exit window 17 preferably is difficult to damage, and for example can list quartz plate, optical flat, sapphire plate.In addition, the preferred not material of absorption intensity light modulated 1.By exit window 17 is set, can outside the inside 22 of container 21, dispose illumination part 13, so that the configuration of illumination part 13 becomes is easy.In addition, can be from the internal face exposure rate light modulated 1 of container 21, so the concavo-convex disappearance of the internal face of container 21 can reduce the reflection of photoacoustic signal 3.

The sound matter of matching has with organism and is examined portion 97 acoustic impedance about equally.For example there are rubber, resin etc. that solid, liquid, colloidal sol or the gel of flexibility are arranged.The sound matter of matching also can be a water.Be that container 21 can be filled with the water as the acoustic matching material.Because the acoustic impedance of organism is very near water, so surround by water organism be examined portion 97 around environment under detect photoacoustic signal, can reduce that organism is examined portion 97 and i.e. edge reflection of inside 22 and organism are examined the photoacoustic signal 3 that portion 97 and contacting of ultrasound examination portion 14 cause around it deterioration.

Figure 24 is a D-D ' sectional elevation shown in Figure 23, first form of expression blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.The shape of the cross section of container 21 becomes circle.In the side of container 21, illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14 are configured in roughly opposed position.

Figure 25 is a D-D ' sectional elevation shown in Figure 23, second form of expression blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.The shape of the cross section of container 21 shown in Figure 25 becomes semicircle, in the position configuration of the approximate centerpoint of described semicircular circle illumination part 13 is arranged.In Figure 25, the described semicircular circular arc portion that is illustrated in container 21 disposes the example of the 14a of ultrasound examination portion, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e.The 14a of ultrasound examination portion is configured in and illumination part 13 opposed positions, and the 14b of ultrasound examination portion～14e decentralized configuration is in the part of described circular arc.

As shown in figure 25, the shape of the cross section of container 21 becomes semicircle, by central point configuration illumination part 13 at circle, can make the side of container of the circular arc portion that is equivalent to described semicircle and illumination part 13 apart from homogeneous.In view of the above, if organism is examined on the plane that portion 97 is set at the center that comprises semicircle, then photoacoustic signal produces at the center of semicircle and expands to radial.Here, the distance in the generation source of 14a～14e of ultrasound examination portion and photoacoustic signal 3 is certain, so the 14a～14e of ultrasound examination portion can detect synchronous photoacoustic signal 3.If the photoacoustic signal 3 that is detected by the 14a of ultrasound examination portion～14e is closed ripple, just can detect photoacoustic signal 3 efficiently.If relatively with detection signal constantly, just can revise and be examined the influence that structure causes in the portion 97 by object.By improving the collection sound state of sonic detection parts, can further improve the precision of photoacoustic signal.In addition, by at the sonic detection parts of the side of the container of the circular arc portion that is equivalent to semicircle configuration more than 2, the sonic detection parts can detect efficiently and expand to radial photoacoustic signal.

Figure 26 is the longitudinal section of the 4th form of expression blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 26, the inner bottom surface of container 21 becomes hemisphere.The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this form uses in the time of can being cross section shown in Figure 25 in E-E ' cross section.In Figure 26, represent the 14f of ultrasound examination portion in the bottom surface, the 14f of ultrasound examination portion is configured to from the distance of illumination part 13 and this irradiation portion 13 from the distance of the 14a of ultrasound examination portion about equally.Like this, can use the 14a～14e of ultrasound examination portion to add the 14f of ultrasound examination portion, detect more efficiently and be examined portion 97 from organism and be emitted as radial photoacoustic signal 3.It should be noted that E-E ' cross section is not limited to described Figure 25, the shape of cross section also can be angle fan-shaped arbitrarily such as 45 degree, 90 degree, 135 degree.

Use Figure 27 and Figure 28 that the 5th form of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus is described.Figure 27 is the longitudinal section of the 5th form of expression blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.Figure 28 is the F-F ' sectional elevation of Figure 27.In Figure 27 and blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 28, the bottom of container 21 is the semiellipse balls that comprise 2 focuses in the cross section, illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14 be configured in respectively 2 focuses near.By the bottom that makes container 21 is the semiellipse ball that comprises 2 focuses in the cross section, and with illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14 assignment configuration near 2 focuses, can make photoacoustic signal 3 in the scattering of the bottom of container and focus on ultrasound examination portion 14 efficiently.Because it is constant that photoacoustic signal 3 arrives the distance of ultrasound examination portions 14, so photoacoustic signal 3 is difficult to be subjected to the influence of the sound wave of multipath reflection.By improving the collection sound state of sonic detection parts, can further improve the precision of photoacoustic signal 3.In addition, container 21 as shown in figure 27, the internal face in the bottom comprises reflecting material 18.Reflecting material 18 reflected light acoustical signals 3.Preferably,, just can list stable metals such as rustless steel or aluminum if for example the sound matter of matching is a water with the nonreactive material of sound matter of matching.Comprise reflecting material 18 by at least a portion, can improve the efficient that photoacoustic signal 3 is focused on the sonic detection parts at the internal face of container 21.In view of the above, can further improve the precision of the photoacoustic signal 3 of ultrasound examination portion 14 detections.

It should be noted that, in the 5th form of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus, the bottom surface has been described, but as shown in figure 28, the shape of the cross section of container 21 also can be ellipse, and illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14 are configured in the position of oval-shaped focus.Be shaped as ellipse by the internal face that makes cross section, and dispose illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14 respectively in the position of described oval-shaped focus, can make photoacoustic signal 3 in the side-scattered of the internal face of container 21 and efficiently focus on ultrasound examination portion 14.By improving the collection sound state of ultrasound examination portion 14, can further improve the precision of photoacoustic signal 3.

As mentioned above, by container 21 is set, be examined portion 97 at the inside 22 configuration organisms that are examined the container 21 that portion 97 sound matter of matching about equally filled by acoustic impedance and organism, can surround with the sound matter of matching organism be examined portion 97 around promptly under inner 22 the environment detection be examined the photoacoustic signal 3 of portion 97 from organism.By surround with the sound matter of matching organism be examined portion 97 around promptly detect photoacoustic signal 3 under inner 22 the environment, can reduce that organism is examined portion 97 and i.e. edge reflection of inside 22 and organism are examined the photoacoustic signal 3 that portion 97 and contacting of ultrasound examination portion 14 cause around it deterioration.

It should be noted that the organism portion of being examined is people's a organism.In the example of Figure 23～Figure 28, represented the example of finger, but can be the arbitrary portion of organism.For example can be hands or arm.

It can be any determinand in the plants such as animal, bird or fruit or vegetable that organism is examined portion 97.Determinand comprises containers such as the bottle of the pipe of fluid flow, built-in liquid, colloidal sol or gel or jar.If for example determinand is a fruit, just can non-invasively measure the pol of fruit.

As mentioned above, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example comprises that the light generation part produces the light generation step of light, with certain frequency the light that is produced by described smooth generation step is carried out the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity, optical modulator component to organism be examined intensity modulated in the described light modulation step of portion 97 irradiation the rayed step of intensity-modulated light 1, the sonic detection step that it is photoacoustic signal 3 that the organism of intensity-modulated light 1 irradiation that the sonic detection parts have detected by described rayed step institute intensity modulated is examined 97 emitting sound wave of portion is characterized in that: be examined in the container 21 of portion 97 sound matter of matching about equally and carry out described rayed step and described sonic detection step being filled with acoustic impedance and organism.

Like this, be examined portion 97 by between illumination part 13 and ultrasound examination portion 14, disposing acoustic impedance sound matter of matching and the organism about equally that is examined portion 97 with organism, be examined configure sound matter of matching between portion 97 and the ultrasound examination portion 14 at organism, can reduce organism and be examined portion 97 and its i.e. borderline edge reflection of inner 22 on every side.

In addition, in described rayed step, as mentioned above, light generating unit 11 produces different wave length λ ₁, λ ₂2 light, in described light modulation step, modulating sections 12 is wavelength X ₁, λ ₂Light respectively intensity modulated be frequency intensity-modulated light identical and inverting each other 1.

Figure 23 of explanation as described～shown in Figure 28, in described rayed step, organism is examined portion's 97 shadow surfaces preferred and intensity-modulated light 1 and disposes contiguously, and 1 pair of organism of intensity-modulated light is examined portion's 97 direct irradiations.Shadow surface becomes exit window 17 in Figure 23～Figure 28, but under the situation that does not comprise exit window 17, photoirradiated surface 13 becomes shadow surface.Dispose organism contiguously by shadow surface and be examined portion 97, and organism is examined portion's 97 direct irradiation intensity-modulated lights 1, thereby can prevent the deterioration of the intensity-modulated light 1 that the absorption of sound matter of matching causes with intensity-modulated light 1.In view of the above, owing to can be examined portion 97 exposure rate light modulated 1 efficiently,, further improve the precision of the photoacoustic signal 3 of ultrasound examination portion 14 detections so can improve the intensity that is examined the photoacoustic signal 3 of portion's 97 emissions from organism to organism.It should be noted that, as mentioned above, dispose organism contiguously with the shadow surface of intensity-modulated light 1 and be examined portion 97 except in this example, using, can also in example 1, example 2, example 3 and the example 5 that illustrates later, example 6, use.

Figure 23 of explanation as described～shown in Figure 28 in described sonic detection step, preferably is examined portion 97 sound matter of matching detection photoacoustic signal 3 about equally across acoustic impedance and organism.In Figure 23～Figure 28, represented the example that the sound matter of matching in the inside 22 that is filled in container 21 detects, but also can be to be configured in organism to be examined solids such as silica gel between portion 97 and the ultrasound examination portion 14.Be examined portion 97 sound matter of matching about equally across acoustic impedance and organism and detect photoacoustic signal 3, can prevent that organism is examined portion 97 and i.e. edge reflection of inner 22 and act on pressure and vibration in the ultrasound examination portion 14 around it.

Figure 23～shown in Figure 28 of explanation as described, in described rayed step, intensity-modulated light 1 by being configured in container 21 internal face and intensity-modulated light 1 transparent 17 pairs of organisms of exit window are examined portion's 97 irradiations.By container 21 is had the transparent exit window 17 of intensity-modulated light 1, can outside container 21, dispose illumination part 13, so that the configuration of illumination part 13 becomes is easy.In addition, can be from the internal face exposure rate light modulated 1 of container 21, so the concavo-convex disappearance of the internal face of container 21 can reduce the reflection of photoacoustic signal 3.

As above-mentioned Figure 23～shown in Figure 28, the part that organism is examined the illuminated described intensity-modulated light 1 of portion 97 is preferably covered by aqueous, colloidal sol shape or gelatinous described sound matter of matching.Cover by aqueous, colloidal sol shape or gelatinous described sound matter of matching by the part that makes organism be examined the illuminated described intensity-modulated light 1 of portion 97, thus can surround with the sound matter of matching organism be examined portion 97 around promptly under inner 22 the environment detection be examined the photoacoustic signal 3 of portion 97 from organism.

(embodiment)

The specific embodiment of example 4 is described here.

(embodiment 1)

Use Figure 29 to illustrate that the light generation part produces 2 light of different wave length, optical modulator component with described 2 light respectively intensity modulated be the frequency embodiment of identical and inverting each other intensity modulated light time.Figure 29 is the circuit diagram of an example of expression blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.Agitator 51 drives drive circuit 53a and 53b with certain frequency.Dispose 180 ° of phase shifters 52 between agitator 51 and drive circuit 53b, drive circuit 53b is driven with drive circuit 53a anti-phasely.Light generating unit 11a and 11b produce the light of different wave length.Drive circuit 53a carries out intensity modulated to the light that light generating unit 11a produces, output intensity light modulated 1a.Drive circuit 53b carries out intensity modulated to the light that light generating unit 11b produces, output intensity light modulated 1b.In view of the above, can produce the wavelength difference, intensity-modulated light 1a and 1b that frequency is identical and inverting each other.In the present example, agitator 51, drive circuit 53a, 53b and 180 ° of phase shifters 52 are equivalent to modulating sections shown in Figure 23 12.

By wave multiplexer 55 intensity-modulated light 1a and 1b are closed ripple, export from illumination part 13 as intensity-modulated light 1.Be examined portion's 97 irradiations from 1 pair of organism of intensity-modulated light of illumination part 13 outputs, detect the photoacoustic signal 3 that is examined portion's 97 emissions by organism with ultrasound examination portion 14.After extracting photoacoustic signal 3 by wave filter 57 and amplify by ultrasound examination portion 14 detected photoacoustic signals 3, from 59 outputs of photoacoustic signal lead-out terminal by phase detection amplifier 58.

(embodiment 2)

Use Figure 30 and Figure 31 that the embodiment of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of described Figure 25 and the 4th form shown in Figure 26 is described.Figure 30 is the longitudinal section of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus, and expression is the finger tip examples of applications of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus to human body.Figure 31 is a H-H ' sectional elevation.In Figure 30 and Figure 31, inserting the inside 22 of container 21 that organism is examined the cartridge type of portion 97 is full of by water, inwall at container 21 is built-in with exit window 17 and ultrasound examination portion 14, and the video-stream processor portion 34 that shows is gone up in phase detection amplifier 32, the signal processor 33 that calculates blood constituent concentration that is equipped with power supply 31 to light source chip 39B and ultrasound examination portion 14 supply capabilities in the base of container, the output signal of ultrasound examination portion 14 is amplified, the display device (not shown) that is used for being provided with in base exterior.Ultrasound examination portion 14 is connected by connection cord 35 with signal processor 33.Inwall at container 21 is provided with temperature adjustment part 36, is provided with heater 37 and temperature survey portion 16 contiguously with the inside 22 of container 21 in container 21.

The bottom of the container 21 of cartridge type is 4 parts spherical of being divided into of radius 5cm.Built-in ultrasound examination portion 14 is provided with the preamplifier 38 of photoacoustic signal 3 amplifications that ultrasound examination portion 14 is detected in the inwall of container 21.Crystalline PZT or the PVDF with piezoelectric effect used in 14 uses of ultrasound examination portion.In order to carry out the acoustic impedance coupling with water, the surface of ultrasound examination portion 14 has formed matching layer.Matching layer to ultrasound examination portion 14 uses the silica gel of using always in the medical apparatus of contact skin, thereby can reduce to 9% to the reflection on surface.

In addition, for the inwall of water-filled container 21, for the reflection on the border of the material that reduces matching layer and container 21, the inwall of the container 21 beyond the surface of ultrasound examination portion 14 is filled sound-absorbing material 15.As the sound-absorbing material 15 that prevents such reflection, it is effective using the material that comprises metal oxide powder (titanium oxide or tungsten oxide) in epoxy resin.In illumination part shown in Figure 23 13, use light source chip 39a, 39b and lens 40a and 40b, produce the light of 2 wavelength, use polarization spectroscope 41 the photosynthetic ripple of 2 wavelength, by 17 pairs of finger tip portions of exit window radiation collimation beam.It is effective aspect the life-span at price, size, chip that light source chip 39a, 39b are used semiconductor laser.2 wavelength are 1380nm for light source chip 39a, and light source chip 39b is 1608nm.

Use lens 40a and 40b, intensity-modulated light 1a, 1b collimation from light source chip 39a, 39b, by adjusting light source chip 39a and the distance of lens 40a and distance and lens material and the curvature of lens material and curvature, adjustment light source chip 39b and lens 40b, can be adjusted into the beam diameter that is suitable for the optoacoustic measurement to intensity-modulated light 1a, 1b.Under the situation of this example, the diameter of 2 light beams is 5.0mm.Exit window 17 is preferred to be used 2 wavelength not to be presented absorption, the material of easy damaged not, for example uses quartz plate, optical flat, sapphire plate.Being built-in with the pressure element that uses piezoelectric, act on the pressure of exit window 17 and begin with perception light source chip 39a, 39b are powered with edge part that organism is examined the exit window 17 that portion 97 contacts.

In temperature adjustment part 36, heater 37 is built in the inwall of container 21, monitor setting value different of the temperature by temperature survey portion 16 measured and the temperature of the sound matter of matching of the inside 22 of container 21 on one side, the electric current of heater 37 is adjusted on one side.The setting value of the temperature of sound matter of matching is near 36 ℃ of the temperature of the body temperature of organism.Be provided with the metal level (not shown) of the high metal of pyroconductivity (copper, aluminum) at the inwall of container 21, contact with metal level, can efficiently control the temperature of sound matter of matching by making heater 37.

(embodiment 3)

Use Figure 32 and Figure 33 that the embodiment of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of described Figure 27 and the 5th form shown in Figure 28 is described.Figure 32 is the longitudinal section of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus, and expression is the finger tip examples of applications of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus to human body.Figure 32 is a N-N ' sectional elevation.It is that 100mm, minor axis are the semiellipse sphere of 50mm that the bottom of the container of tubular becomes major axis.From intensity-modulated light 1a, the 1b scioptics 40a of light source chip 39a, 39b or 40b and spectroscope 41 to optical fiber 42 guiding.The intensity-modulated light 1 that is incident in optical fiber 42 in optical fiber 42 by and be directed into exit window 17, shine the inside 22 of container 21.Be examined portion 97 from the intensity-modulated light 1 irradiating biological body of exit window 17 irradiations.

Place lens 40a or 40b at the end face of optical fiber 42, adjust the irradiation beam diameter of intensity-modulated light 1a, 1b, the diameter of 2 intensity-modulated lights 1 is adjusted into 5.0mm by both distances.In addition, adjust the drive current of light source chip 39a, 39b, and be 200kHz by agitator (not shown) intensity modulated so that the power of the intensity-modulated light of irradiation becomes 4mW.The position of exit window 17 is set so that exit window 17 and be in the position of oval focus as the interface of the water of sound matter of matching promptly makes exit window 17 and organism be examined the position of the interface of portion 97 for oval focus when measuring.Ultrasound examination portion 14 is used commercially available detectoscope with underwater sound coupling, be arranged on the position that is examined the focus of the different ellipse of the irradiation portion of portion 97 with organism.Ultrasound examination portion 14 adopts pin type detectoscope and trim locations, is arranged on photoacoustic signal and becomes maximum position.

On internal face on exit window 17 and the horizontal plane and the bottom surface below it,, be filled with reflecting material 18 in order efficiently to carry out the reflection of photoacoustic signal 3.Reflecting material 18 is used and the water stable metal of chemically reactive (rustless steel, aluminum) not.On remaining internal face, be filled with sound-absorbing material 15, reduced the influence of multipath reflection.

(example 5)

Figure 34 is the circuit diagram of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example.Blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 34 comprises: the excitation light source 23 as light generation part, optical modulator component and light irradiation element of the intensity-modulated light 1 of intensity modulated has been carried out in irradiation with certain frequency; The sonic generator 24 of output sound wave 2; To be examined portion's 97 emitting sound wave be photoacoustic signal 3 and see through the sound wave detector 25 as the sonic detection parts that organism is examined the sound wave 2 of portion 97 from sonic generator 24 from the organism of the detected body of conduct that shone intensity-modulated light 1 in detection.In Figure 34, also comprise: according to by the output signal 4 of sound wave detector 25 detected sound waves 2 relatively sound waves 2 signal intensity and export that control signal 5 is controlled drive division 27 so that the intensity of sound wave 2 becomes the control part 26 of specified value; By control signal 5, make the drive division 27 of excitation with the position changeable of light source 23, sonic generator 24 and sound wave detector 25; Be examined acoustic impedance about equally the acoustical coupling member 28 of portion 97 with organism being examined of sonic generator 24 and sound wave detector 25 on the face that portion 97 contacts with organism.

In addition, in Figure 34, represented that central part at sonic generator 24 has the penetrating window 29 that makes autoexcitation to be passed through with the intensity-modulated light 1 in light source 23, the example that intensity-modulated light 1 is seen through by penetrating window 29.Sonic generator 24 is preferred near the light beam ground configuration that comes autoexcitation with the intensity-modulated light 1 in light source 23.By disposing sonic generator 24, can further correctly check the reflect/scatter on the round of photoacoustic signal 3 near the light beam ground that comes autoexcitation with the intensity-modulated light 1 in light source 23.In addition, preferably in the position that is examined portion 97 near organism, organism is examined portion 97 produces sound wave 2.Because photoacoustic signal 3 takes place be examined the epidermis of portion 97 at the organism of incident intensity light modulated 1 near, so can further correctly check reflect/scatter on the round of photoacoustic signal 3.In addition, by producing sound wave 2, can be delivered to organism to sound wave 2 more efficiently and be examined portion 97 in the position that is examined portion 97 near organism.

Excitation shown in Figure 34 is shone the intensity-modulated light 1 that carries out intensity modulated with certain frequency with light source 23.Excitation is 1608nm when for example determination object is for glucose with the absorbing wavelength irradiation of light source 23 with the determination object of mensuration concentration.Also can use agitator, drive circuit, 180 ° of phase shifters, carry out intensity modulated from light with specific wavelength luminous light source element with the certain frequency handle.As with specific wavelength luminous light source element, the various laser instrument and the light emitting diode of air inclusion laser instrument, solid state laser, semiconductor laser for example arranged.Around at least a portion of the light path of intensity-modulated light 1, can also be provided with and prevent the shade of intensity-modulated light 1 to the external leaks of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.By shade is set, can prevent that intensity-modulated light 1 is examined external leaks part, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of portion 97 to the organism beyond the part that comprises inspection.It should be noted that described shade be except using in this example, can in example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4, the example 6 that illustrates later, use equally.

Here, excitation can be fixed on the sonic generator with sonic generator 24 linkedly with light source 23.For example excitation can be integrated with sonic generator 24 with light source 23.Because the excitation with light source 23 can with sonic generator 24 interlocks, so the excitation can be automatically moved to the position that is suitable for measuring with light source 23.In this example, represented the form of excitation, but also can produce different wave length λ in addition with a light of light source 23 irradiations ₁And λ ₂2 light and irradiation frequency intensity-modulated light identical and inverting each other.As implementing to illustrate in form 1～example 4, as intensity-modulated light 1,2 intensity-modulated lights of the different wave length that frequency of utilization is identical and mutual anti-phase can be removed the influence from water that photoacoustic signal is subjected to.

It is sound wave 2 and output that sonic generator 24 shown in Figure 34 produces ultrasound wave.The frequency of ultrasonic that sonic generator 24 produces is to produce the frequency that is examined the photoacoustic signal 3 of portion's 97 generations by organism.For example can be that the generation frequency is the frequency of the sound wave of 200kHz.

In addition, the frequency and/or the intensity of the sound wave 2 of sonic generator 24 outputs are preferably variable.If the changeable frequency of the sound wave 2 of output just can be examined the frequency that portion 97 changes the photoacoustic signal 3 that has produced frequency change because of organism from sonic generator 24 outputs.In addition, if the intensity variable of the sound wave 2 of output, just can increase and decrease according to the intensity of the sound wave 2 that detects by sound wave detector 25 from the intensity of the sound wave 2 of sonic generator 24 outputs, so even by sound wave detector 25 detected intensity hour, also can more detected intensity.

Figure 35 is the sketch map of an example of expression sonic generator 24 and sound wave detector 25, (a) is outside drawing, (b) is the vertical view of sonic generator, (c) is the axonometric chart of sonic generator, (d) is the upward view of sonic generator.In (a), represented to clip the appearance that organism is examined portion 97 by sonic generator 24 that disposes acoustical coupling member 28 and the sound wave detector 25 that disposes acoustical coupling member 28.Can also the penetrating window 29 of intensity modulated light transmission be set as (b), (c) and (d) on the part of sonic generator 24.Penetrating window 29 can be the hole that connects.In addition, can be examined on the face that portion 97 contacts configuration to the member of intensity modulated optical transparency with organism.Transparent member can be an acoustical coupling member 28.By penetrating window 29 is set, can be examined configuration sonic generator 24 between the portion 97 with light source and organism in excitation, from sonic generator 24, organism is examined portion's 97 exposure rate light modulated.In view of the above, to the position exposure rate light modulated identical with the position of the output sound wave that is suitable for measuring, thus can be examined portion's 97 exposure rate light modulated to organism, thus photoacoustic signal is propagated in the transmission route of having been determined by sound wave that is suitable for measuring.

Sound wave detector 25 shown in Figure 34 is the devices that detect hyperacoustic sound wave 2 and photoacoustic signal 3.Comprise detect photoacoustic signal 3 and with the proportional signal of telecommunication of acoustic pressure of sound wave 2 and photoacoustic signal 3 device as output signal 4 outputs.Sound wave detector 25 for example can list element that element that element that crystal microphone, ceramic microphone, ceramic ultrasonic sensor etc. use piezoelectric effect and/or electrostriction effect, dynamic microphone, banded microphone etc. use electromagnetic induction, condenser microphone etc. use electrostatic effect, magnetostrictive vibrator etc. and use magnetostrictive element.Element with piezoelectric effect can list the crystalline element that comprises PZT or PVDF (poly-inclined to one side 1,1 difluoroethylene) etc.Sound wave detector 25 can use the PZT of built-in FET (field-effect transistor) amplifier.

Acoustical coupling member 28 shown in Figure 34 is the acoustic impedance members about equally that are examined portion 97 with organism.For example, there are rubber, resin etc. that solid, liquid, colloidal sol or the gel of flexibility are arranged.Preferably dispose,, can alleviate the reflect/scatter on the face that contacts with the organism portion of being examined by configuration acoustical coupling member 28 being examined on the face that portion 97 contacts of any one at least of described sonic generator 24 or sound wave detector 25 with organism.

Drive division 27 shown in Figure 34 is the devices of the position changeable of any one at least that make sonic generator 24 or sound wave detector 25.For example, excitation is fixed as by structure with light source 23 and sonic generator 24 and makes excitation consistent with the penetrating window 29 of the optical axis of light source 23 and sonic generator 24, on one side make both keep each other position, is examined rotating of portion 97 on every side at organism on one side.It also can be the structure that can on such circumference, move.The distance of described circumference can be variable.In addition, can be to move being examined on the face that portion 97 contacts with organism.In addition, also can move at three-dimensional.It should be noted that, in Figure 34, omitted the concrete driving mechanism of drive division 27.

Drive division 27 can be a movably structure of the fixing and sonic generator 24 of sound wave detector 25.In addition, also can be movably structure of the fixing and sound wave detector 25 of sonic generator 24.In addition, also can be all structures movably of sonic generator 24 and sound wave detector 25.Drive division 27 can be an excitation movably structure of light source 23.In addition, the structure that excitation is moved linkedly with light source 23 and sonic generator 24.Because excitation is with light source 23 and sonic generator 24 interlocks, so can be automatically moved to the position that is suitable for measuring to excitation with light source 23.In addition, drive division 27 also can be according to the indication work from control part 26.

By drive division 27 is set, with drive division 27 sonic generator 24 is moved, use sound wave 2 to check that organism is examined the influence of the scattering object at each position in the portion 97.In view of the above, can infer the permeability of the photoacoustic signal 3 on the round of photoacoustic signal 3.Move with light source 23 and sonic generator 24 interlocks by making excitation, thereby change to organism be examined the illumination angle of intensity-modulated light of portion 97 or irradiation position at least any one, and monitor so that arrive the sound wave 2 from sonic generator 24 of sound wave detector 25 at every turn and become specific value, influence by the scattering object of each round detection of reflected/scattering brings photoacoustic signal detects photoacoustic signal with detected best allocation.

Control part shown in Figure 34 26 control drive divisions 27 are so that the intensity of the sound wave 2 that is detected by sound wave detector 25 becomes specific value.For example, from by sound wave detector 25 output and have with the signal intensity of the output signal 4 of the proportional signal intensity of acoustic pressure of sound wave 2 and judge that the intensity of sound wave 2 becomes the position of specific value, 27 outputs of 5 pairs of drive divisions of control signal.Specific value for example is by value maximum in the sound wave detector 25 detected sound waves 2.By adopting maximum value, can detect photoacoustic signal 3 with the minimum configuration of reflect/scatter.In addition, specific value can be a predetermined value.If by adopting predetermined value, export the sound wave 2 of certain intensity, the scanning round is with predetermined intensity detection sound wave 2, and at this round detection photoacoustic signal 3, just can detect the influence photoacoustic signal 3 about equally of reflect/scatter.In view of the above, can make detection automatization at the photoacoustic signal of the optimum position of detecting.

The comparison of signal intensity for example can be used the relatively comparison circuit of the signal intensity more than 2.Output signal 4 relatively can be to use the smoothing circuit to be transformed to the signal of telecommunication of direct current signal.Can also use 2 signal intensitys of comparison continuous detecting, control drive division to the microvibration method that the bigger direction of signal intensity moves.

In addition,, control signal 5 can be to make to encourage with any one signal that moves in light source 23, the sound wave detector 25.When excitation was integrated with light source 23 and sonic generator 24, control signal 5 can make sonic generator 24 move.In addition, can also be the signal that excitation is moved with light source 23, sonic generator 24, sound wave detector 25.The intensity of the sound wave 2 that detects by control drive division 27 so that by sound wave detector 25 becomes specific value, can be automatically detects photoacoustic signal 3 at the round of the best.

Use Figure 34 that the action of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus is described.At first, after organisms such as finger being examined portion 97 and being inserted between sonic generator 24, the sound wave detector 25, make sonic generator 24, sound wave detector 25 be examined portion 97 with organism and contact by drive division 27.Then, produce sound wave 2 and output from sonic generator 24.The sound wave 2 of output sees through the acoustical coupling member 28, the organism that are configured on the sonic generator 24 and is examined portion 97 and is configured in acoustical coupling member 28 on the sound wave detector 25, is detected by sound wave detector 25.Detected sound wave 2 conducts and the proportional signal of telecommunication of acoustic pressure are carried out accumulative total, the equalization of signal and are handled by the phase detection amplifier (not shown) that comprises in the sound wave detector 25, and output signal output 4.Control part 26 is obtained the reference signal of this output signal 4 as first state of being set by drive division 27.Then by what drive division 27 was changed organism is examined second state of the outgoing position of portion 97, carries out the mensuration same with first state with control part 26 settings.Like this, control part 26 is obtained the reference signal of each outgoing position.When having detected the sound wave 2 of stipulated number or scope, stop the action of sonic generator 24.

Control part 26 is in each intensity relatively when detecting contrast signal, determines to obtain the position of the intensity of particular value.Here, specific value is by value maximum in the sound wave detector 25 detected sound waves 2.The control signal 5 that 27 outputs of 26 pairs of drive divisions of control part can detect in the position of the intensity that obtains particular value.Drive division 27 makes excitation move to the position that can detect in the position of the intensity that obtains particular value with light source 23, sonic generator 24 and sound wave detector 25.Excitation is with the position exposure rate light modulated 1 of light source 23 from having moved.Intensity-modulated light 1 sees through penetrating window 29, and organism is examined portion's 97 irradiations.Sound wave detector 25 detects by organism and is examined the photoacoustic signal 3 that produces in the portion 97.Detected photoacoustic signal 3 is exported as output signal 4 from sound wave detector 25 equally with described sound wave 2.It should be noted that drive division 27 can make also that organism is examined the output angle of portion 97 is variable and do not change from the outgoing position of the sound wave 2 of sonic generator 24 outputs.By described motion detection photoacoustic signal 3, can be at the minimum configuration detection photoacoustic signal 3 of the influence of reflect/scatter.

Use Figure 34 that other actions of this blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus are described.At first, after organisms such as inserting finger between sonic generator 24 and the sound wave detector 25 is examined portion 97, make sonic generator 24, sound wave detector 25 be examined portion 97 with organism and contact by drive division 27.Then, produce sound wave 2 from sonic generator 24.Sound wave 2 sees through the acoustical coupling member 28, the organism that are configured on the sonic generator 24 and is examined portion 97 and is configured in acoustical coupling member 28 on the sound wave detector 25, is detected by sound wave detector 25.Detected sound wave 2 conducts and the proportional signal of telecommunication of acoustic pressure are carried out accumulative total, the equalization of signal and are handled by the phase detection amplifier (not shown) that comprises in the sound wave detector 25, and output signal output 4.Control part 26 is obtained the reference signal of this output signal 4 as first state of being set by drive division 27.

Then stop the action of sonic generator 24, shine being examined portion 97 with light source 23 irradiation and 1 pair of organism of intensity-modulated light of seeing through penetrating window 29 from excitation.Export as output signal 4 from sound wave detector 25 equally with described sound wave 2 by sound wave detector 25 detected photoacoustic signals 3.Become actual signal under first state from the output signal 4 of photoacoustic signal 3.Here, contrast signal and obtaining in moment of actual signal after the setting that sonic generator 24 and 25 pairs of organisms of sound wave detector are examined portion 97 finishes are carried out electronically, so take place hardly to move the change in location that the organism that causes is examined portion 97 because of health.

By what drive division 27 changed organism is examined the irradiating angle of portion 97, second state of irradiation position with control part 26 settings, carries out the mensuration same with first state.It should be noted that,, can carry out described mensuration with the state more than 3 though only represented first and second states.Sequential test like this can utilize the pairing actual signal of state that contrast signal becomes specific value as measured value.Here, specific value also can be a predetermined value before measuring.By the pairing actual signal of state of sound wave 2 that detects predetermined signal intensity as the measured value utilization, the almost equal photoacoustic signal 3 of influence that can detection of reflected/scattering.Therefore, can measure the blood constituent concentration of having got rid of along with the influence of many parameters of the configuration variation of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method of this example comprises in order: sonic generator 24 is examined portion 97 output sound waves 2 from the diverse location more than 2 to the organism as detected body, detects as the sound wave detector 25 of sonic detection parts to see through the optimum position that intensity that organism is examined the sound wave 2 of portion 97 becomes the position of particular value and detect step; From the position that the intensity of sound wave 2 becomes particular value the intensity-modulated light that has carried out intensity modulated with certain frequency is examined portion's 97 incidents to organism with light source 23 as the excitation of light generation part, optical modulator component and light irradiation element, sound wave detector 25 detects the photoacoustic signal that is examined the photoacoustic signal 3 of portion's 97 emissions from organism and detects step.

Change at the round that makes sound wave 2, after the influence that the scattering object of each round detection of reflected/scattering is brought photoacoustic signal, 1 pair of organism of intensity-modulated light is examined portion 97 irradiation and detects photoacoustic signal 3, propagate so that photoacoustic signal 3 becomes in the intensity of the sound wave 2 that is detected by sound wave detector 25 on the route of particular value.In view of the above, can be at the configuration detection photoacoustic signal of the best.

Detect in the step in described optimum position, preferred 24 pairs of organisms of sonic generator are examined the surface output sound wave 2 of portion 97.In view of the above, can be examined portion 97 to the sound wave 2 that produces to organism efficiently transmits.

Detect in the step at described photoacoustic signal, excitation is preferred by being examined portion 97 for intensity-modulated light 1 transparent penetrating window irradiating biological body on the part that is arranged on sonic generator 24 with light source 23.Excitation can be examined portion's 97 exposure rate light modulated 1 to organism with light source 23 on sonic generator 24.In view of the above, can be examined portion's 97 exposure rate light modulated 1 to organism from the position roughly the same with detecting best position sound wave 2, sonic generator 24.

In addition, in described rayed step, as mentioned above, excitation preferably produces different wave length λ with light source 23 ₁, λ ₂2 light, and wavelength X ₁, λ ₂Light be modulated to frequency intensity-modulated light identical and inverting each other 1 and irradiation respectively.

Detect in the step in described optimum position, the frequency of sonic generator 24 outputs and intensity-modulated light 1 is the sound wave 2 of frequency about equally.The sound wave 2 that the frequency of the photoacoustic signal 3 that can use and detect equates detects scattering object, so can more correctly check the influence that scattering object brings photoacoustic signal 3.

Detect in the step in described optimum position, sonic generator 24 preferably increases and decreases the intensity of the sound wave 2 of output according to the intensity of the sound wave 2 that is detected by sound wave detector 25.Owing to can increase and decrease according to the intensity of the sound wave 2 that detects by sound wave detector 25, so even the intensity that detects by sound wave detector 25 hour, the also intensity that can relatively detect from the intensity of the sound wave 2 of sonic generator 24 outputs.

Detect in the step in described optimum position, preferably sonic generator 24 and sound wave detector 25 are examined in the portion 97 by being pressed in organism, and detect sound wave 2 with the controllable pressing force of pressure.Because sonic generator 24 and sound wave detector 25 are pushed the changeable pressure that organism is examined portion 97, remain given pressure so can be examined the pressure that portion 97 contacts to sonic generator 24 and sound wave detector 25 and organism.In view of the above, can alleviate and push the influence that organism is examined the pressure of portion 97.

It should be noted that the circuit diagram of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 34 can comprise with the controllable pressing force of pressure described sonic generator and described sound wave detector are examined pressing component (not shown) in the portion by being pressed in organism.Pressing component for example can use the arm that described sonic generator and described sound wave detector is fixed on " コ " font at two ends.Arm can make the distance variable of described sonic generator and described sound wave detector, and makes sonic generator and sound wave detector push the changeable pressure that organism is examined portion.In view of the above, the pressure that sonic generator and sound wave detector contact with the organism portion of being examined can be remained the pressure of regulation.

In addition, organism is examined portion 97 and is the finger of human body in Figure 34, but also can be any determinand in the plants such as animal, bird or fruit or vegetable.Determinand comprises containers such as the bottle of the pipe of fluid flow or built-in liquid, colloidal sol or gel or jar.If for example determinand is a fruit, just can non-invasively measure the pol of fruit.

As mentioned above, the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example becomes best configuration by the generation source of detection photoacoustic signal and the position relation of sound wave detector, can detect photoacoustic signal with the little best allocation of the influence that is subjected to scattering objects such as bone, measure blood constituent concentration.Become the configuration detection photoacoustic signal of predetermined value by signal intensity, can measure the blood constituent concentration of having got rid of along with the influence of many parameters of the configuration variation of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus with the sound wave that detects.

(embodiment)

The specific embodiment of example 5 is described here.

(embodiment 1)

The embodiment of blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of the present invention is described with reference to Figure 36.Figure 36 is the circuit diagram of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of present embodiment.Sonic generator 404 is connected on the agitator 403.Sonic generator 404 is provided with its size is enough to hole 410 from the top exposure rate light modulated 1 of detected body 405 as exit window.Sonic generator 404 produces sound wave 2 according to the frequency of oscillation of agitator 403.Sound wave 2, is detected and is transformed to and the proportional output signal 4 of acoustic pressure by sound wave detector 407 through acoustical coupling member 406 by detected body 405.The waveform of output signal 4 is observed by phase detection amplifier 408, and to lead-out terminal 409 outputs.This phase detection amplifier 408 by with the signal triggering of the Frequency Synchronization of agitator 403, output signal 4 is by phase detection amplifier 408 accumulative totals, on average measure.Change on one side sound wave detector 407 configuration, with the press pressure of detected body 405, carry out on one side from the detection of the sound wave 2 of sonic generator 404 generations.The signal intensity of the sound wave 2 that sequential test detects like this is fixed on the position that signal intensity becomes particular value to sound wave detector 407.Realize that each element avoided the best allocation of the influence of biological intravital reflect/scatter.

And agitator 403 also is connected with driving power 402.The orthogonal exciting current that driving power 402 noise spectra of semiconductor lasers elements 401 are supplied with according to the frequency of oscillation of agitator 403.

After the correction of the configuration of having carried out each element, noise spectra of semiconductor lasers element 401 carries out intensity modulated to produce intensity-modulated light 1 with the frequency of agitator 403.The hole 410 irradiations detected body 405 of intensity-modulated light 1 from opening at the center of sonic generator 404.Intensity-modulated light 1 makes in the detected body 405 and produces photoacoustic signal 3.Photoacoustic signal 3 is detected by sound wave detector 407 through acoustical coupling member 406, is transformed to and the proportional output signal 4 of acoustic pressure.The waveform of output signal 4 is by 408 observations of phase detection amplifier.Phase detection amplifier 408 by with the signal triggering of the Frequency Synchronization of agitator 403, with the proportional output signal 4 of acoustic pressure can be by phase detection amplifier 408 accumulative totals, on average measure.The signal of measuring is exported to the outside from lead-out terminal 409.

In described structure, the diameter of sonic generator 404 is about 30mm, has the hole that radius is 10mm at the center.Sonic generator is close to across ultrasonic gel and detected body 405.The sound wave 2 that produces is 200kHz, by agitator 403 controls.

Sound wave detector 407 is frequency-flat type electrostriction elements (PZT) of built-in FET (field-effect transistor) amplifier, and in addition, acoustical coupling member 406 is ultrasonic gels.In described structure, the signal intensity that the lead-out terminal 409 that is set at 0.1 second phase detection amplifier 408 in time constant has been obtained Vr=1～15mV is as the output signal 4 corresponding with sound wave 2.Therefore, as the position of the best, be fixed on the position that detects Vr=15mV.

And the wavelength of semiconductor laser component 401 is set to 1608nm.This wavelength is corresponding with the absorbing wavelength of glucose.The modulating frequency that intensity-modulated light 1 is carried out intensity modulated is set at 200kHz, is output as 5.0mW.

Beam diameter to the light of detected body 405 irradiations is set at 2.7mm, is 10mm thereby make the distance from the position of the detected body 405 of light beam irradiates to sound wave detector 407, and Fresnel number becomes 0.1.

Under described state, the output light of semiconductor laser component 401 is 0.22mW/mm to the exposure rate of skin ², be to be lower than the level of security of maximum permissible value more than 2 times.Also can shade (not shown) be set, thereby in mensuration or when not placing detected body 405, not leak into the outside from the light of 406 reflections of acoustical coupling member or scattering in the position of the detected body 405 of configuration.

Sound wave detector 407 is frequency-flat type electrostriction elements (PZT) of built-in FET (field-effect transistor) amplifier, in addition, acoustical coupling member 406 is used ultrasonic gel.In described structure, when only shining the intensity-modulated light 1 of semiconductor laser component 401 output, the signal intensity that the lead-out terminal 409 that is set at 0.1 second phase detection amplifier 408 in time constant has been obtained Vr=20 μ V is as the output signal 4 corresponding with photoacoustic signal 3.

Before carrying out photoacoustic determination as mentioned above, the sound wave 2 that is produced by sonic generator 404 is made the correction that is used for being configured as the reference signal, measure the proportional output signal 4 of the acoustic pressure with photoacoustic signal 3 that produces by semiconductor laser component 401 then, carry out the mensuration of the photoacoustic signal 3 corresponding with the absorption of glucose in the detected body 405.

(embodiment 2)

Describe with reference to Figure 36.Sonic generator is connected with agitator.At sonic generator 404, be provided with its size is enough to from the hole of the top exposure rate light modulated 1 of detected body 405 at the center.

Sonic generator 404 is accompanied by the frequency of oscillation of agitator 403, produces sound wave 2.Sound wave 2, is detected by sound wave detector 407 through acoustical coupling member 406 by detected body 405, is transformed to and the proportional output signal 4 of acoustic pressure.The waveform of output signal 4 adds up, on average comes measured signal by phase detection amplifier 408.Here, Yi Bian change sound wave detector 407 configuration, with the press pressure of detected body 405, carry out on one side from the detection of the sound wave 2 of sonic generator 404 generations.Sequential test detects output intensity like this, and sound wave detector 407 is fixed on the position that intensity becomes particular value.Realize that each element avoided the best allocation of the influence of biological intravital reflect/scatter.

And agitator 403 also is connected with driving power 402.Driving power 402 noise spectra of semiconductor lasers elements 401 are supplied with orthogonal exciting current.

After the correction of the configuration of having carried out each element, noise spectra of semiconductor lasers element 401 carries out intensity modulated with the frequency of agitator 403, produces intensity-modulated light 1.The detected body 405 of hole 410 irradiations that intensity-modulated light 1 is opened from the center of sonic generator 404.Intensity-modulated light 1 makes in the detected body 405 and produces photoacoustic signal 3.Photoacoustic signal 3 is detected by sound wave detector 407 through acoustical coupling member 406, is transformed to and the proportional output signal 4 of acoustic pressure.The waveform of output signal 4 is by 408 observations of phase detection amplifier.Phase detection amplifier 408 by with the signal triggering of the Frequency Synchronization of agitator 403, with the proportional output signal 4 of acoustic pressure by phase detection amplifier 408 accumulative totals, on average measure.The output signal of measuring 4 is exported to the outside from lead-out terminal 409.

In described structure, sonic generator 404 diameters are about 30mm, and having radius at the center is the hole 410 of 10mm.Sonic generator 404 is close to across ultrasonic gel and detected body 405.The sound wave 2 that produces is 200kHz, by agitator 403 controls.

Sound wave detector 407 is frequency-flat type electrostriction elements (PZT) of built-in FET (field-effect transistor) amplifier, and in addition, acoustical coupling member 406 uses ultrasonic gel.In described structure, the signal intensity that the lead-out terminal 409 that is set at 0.1 second phase detection amplifier 408 in time constant has been obtained Vr=1～15mV is as the output signal 4 corresponding with sound wave 2.Therefore, as the position of the best, be fixed on the position that detects Vr=15mV.

The wavelength set of semiconductor laser component 401 is 1608nm.This wavelength is corresponding with the absorbing wavelength of glucose.Is the intensity modulated frequency setting 200kHz, is output as 5.0mW.

Beam diameter to the intensity-modulated light 1 of detected body 405 irradiations is set to 2.7mm, thereby so that from being 10mm by the position of the detected body 405 of light beam irradiates to the distance of sound wave detector 407, Fresnel number becomes 0.1.

Under described state, the output light of semiconductor laser component 401 is 0.22mW/mm to the exposure rate of skin ², be to be lower than the level of security of maximum permissible value more than 2 times.Also can shade (not shown) be set, thereby in mensuration or when not placing detected body 405, not leak into the outside from the light of 406 reflections of acoustical coupling member or scattering at the detected body 405 of configuration.

Sound wave detector 407 is frequency-flat type electrostriction elements (PZT) of built-in FET (field-effect transistor) amplifier, in addition, acoustical coupling member 406 is used ultrasonic gel.In described structure, when only shining the intensity-modulated light 1 of semiconductor laser component 401 output, the signal intensity that the lead-out terminal 409 that is set at 0.1 second phase detection amplifier 408 in time constant has been obtained Vr=20 μ V is as the output signal 4 corresponding with photoacoustic signal 3.

After having carried out described mensuration, determinator is pulled down once, and carried out same mensuration once more.At first, Yi Bian change sound wave detector 407 configuration, with the press pressure of detected body 405, carry out on one side from the detection of the sound wave 2 of sonic generator 404 generations.The signal intensity that the lead-out terminal 409 that is set at 0.1 second phase detection amplifier 408 in time constant has been obtained Vr=1～15mV is as the output signal 4 corresponding with sound wave 2.Therefore, as the position of the best, be fixed on the position that detects Vr=15mV.

Then, measure the photoacoustic signal 3 that produces by semiconductor laser component 401, thereby obtain the signal intensity of Vr=20 μ V by phase detection amplifier 408 in described fixed position.

As mentioned above,, the sound wave 2 that is produced by sonic generator 404 is made the correction that is used for being configured as the reference signal, thereby, can repeatability measure well for the mensuration of photoacoustic signal 3 by when measuring once more.

(example 6)

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example comprises the light generation part of 2 light that produce different wave length; The signal identical by frequency, that phase place is opposite carries out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity to 2 light of described different wave length; Described intensity modulated 2 photosynthetic ripples of different wave length be 1 light beam, to the light irradiation element of organism irradiation; The sonic detection parts of the sound wave that detection is produced in vivo by the light of described irradiation; At least carry described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts, have the decorative element of the annulus of the part installation of surrounding organism; It is characterized in that: described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts are configured in respectively on the annulus inboard and the part that organism contacts of described decorative element.The decorative element of this example can be used in described example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4, example 5.

Especially, in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described smooth generation part is set at the wavelength that the blood constituent expression characteristics absorbs to a light wavelength, and another light wavelength is set at water, and to present the wavelength that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength be effective.

With reference to Figure 37, the mensuration basic structure partly of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is described.Figure 37 represents the mensuration basic structure partly of the described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example.Here, represent among Figure 37 that part relevant with the installation of describing later and power supply etc. can be by the parts of common technology realization.

In Figure 37, by drive circuit 104, synchronously carry out intensity modulated with agitator 103 as an optical modulator component part as the part of optical modulator component as first power supply 101 of the part of light generation part.

And as the secondary light source 105 of the part of light generation part by drive circuit 108 as the part of optical modulator component, synchronously carry out intensity modulated equally with described agitator 103.And the output of agitator 103 is through 180 ° of phase shifters, 107 pairs of drive circuits, 108 power supplies as the part of optical modulator component, its result, secondary light source 105 by the signal that has changed 180 ° of phase places for described first light source 101 by intensity modulated.

Here, first light source 101 shown in Figure 37 and a light wavelength in secondary light source 105 wavelength separately are set at the wavelength that the blood constituent expression characteristics absorbs, another light wavelength are set at water present the wavelength that equates with absorption a described light wavelength.

Here, as an example, be that glucose is under the situation of mensuration of blood glucose value, the wavelength X of first light source 101 at blood constituent as determination object ₁Be set at 1608nm, the wavelength X of secondary light source 105 ₂It is effective being set at 1381nm.Under the situation of long wavelength's wavelength band, the wavelength X of first light source 101 ₁Be set at 2126nm, the wavelength X of secondary light source 105 ₂It also is effective being set at 1837nm or 2294nm.Fig. 7 represents the wavelength X of first light source 101 ₁Wavelength X with secondary light source 105 ₂Relation.

First light source 101 and secondary light source 105 are exported the light of different wave length respectively, and Shu Chu light closes ripple by the wave multiplexer 109 as light irradiation element respectively, as a light beam organism are examined portion's 110 irradiations.The sound wave that is produced in organism is examined portion 110 by first light source 101 and the light export respectively of secondary light source 105 of irradiation is a photoacoustic signal by supersonic detector 113 detections as the part of sonic detection parts, is transformed to and the proportional signal of telecommunication of the acoustic pressure of photoacoustic signal.The described signal of telecommunication is by phase detection amplifier 114 synchronous detections as the part of sonic detection parts synchronous with described agitator 103, to lead-out terminal 115 outputs and the proportional signals of telecommunication of acoustic pressure.

Here, proportional to the light that the intensity of the signal of lead-out terminal 115 output and first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 exports respectively by the amount that organism is examined the composition absorption in the portion 110, so that the intensity of described signal and organism are examined the amount of the interior composition of portion 110 is proportional.Therefore, blood constituent concentration calculating unit (not shown) is according to the measured value of the intensity of the described signal of lead-out terminal 115 output being calculated the one-tenth component that organism is examined the determination object in the blood in the portion 110.

It is that the signal of same frequency carries out intensity modulated to 2 light of the different wave length of first light source 101 and secondary light source 105 outputs that the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example was used with one-period, so have the characteristics of influence of the inhomogeneity of the frequency characteristic that is not subjected to supersonic detector 113, this point is the point than the technology excellence that has existed.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described optical modulator component as use with relevant organism in the identical warbled optical modulator component of the resonance frequency of detection of the sound wave that produces be effective.

As mentioned above, by using and 2 light modulating different wave length about the identical frequency of the resonance frequency of the detection of the sound wave that produces in the organism, can be with the sound wave that produces in the high-sensitivity detection organism.

Below explanation is measured by use the light of a plurality of wavelength of the absorptance that provides equal in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, can solve the nonlinear absorptance interdependence that exists in the measured value of the photoacoustic signal that becomes problem in existing technology.

When for wavelength X ₁And λ ₂The absorption coefficient of background of each light ₁ ^(b), α ₂ ^(b)And absorb α as the mole of the blood constituent of determination object ₁ ⁽⁰⁾, α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾When known, comprise the measured value s of the photoacoustic signal of each wavelength ₁And s ₂Company's equate by 1 expression of described expression formula.

Separate expression formula 1, obtain unknown blood constituent concentration M.Here, C changes and is difficult to the coefficient controlling or predict, promptly exists with ... the unknown multiplier of distance between couple state, the sensitivity of supersonic detector, described irradiation unit and the described sound detection device of sound (below be defined as r), specific heat, thermal coefficient of expansion, velocity of sound, modulating frequency even absorptance.

If produce difference in the 1st row of expression formula 1 and the 2nd capable C, then it should be that the amount relevant with irradiates light is promptly based on the difference of absorptance.Here, be that absorptance becomes and selects wavelength X with being equal to each other if make the parenthetic of each row of expression formula 1 ₁And wavelength X ₂Combination, then absorptance becomes equally, the C of the 1st row and the 2nd row is equal., if strictness is carried out it, wavelength X ₁And wavelength X ₂Combination exist with ... unknown blood constituent concentration M, so inconvenience.

Here, in the ratio that accounts in the absorptance of expression formula 1 (it is parenthetic that each is gone), background (α _i ^(b), i=1,2) significantly greater than item (the M α that comprises blood constituent concentration M _i ⁽⁰⁾).Therefore, make background, α if replace making each absorptance of going correctly to equate _i ^(b)Absorptance equate just enough.That is, select different wavelength X ₁And wavelength X ₂2 light so that the absorption coefficient of background separately ₁ ^(b), α ₂ ^(b)Be equal to each other.If the C of the 1st row and the 2nd row is equated, then it as the unknown constant cancellation, the blood constituent concentration M of determination object is represented by expression formula 4.In the distortion of the back segment of expression formula 4, used

S ₂Character.

Here, if observe expression formula 4, wavelength X has appearred in denominator then ₁And wavelength X ₂Absorptance poor of blood constituent of determination object.The difference signal s of photoacoustic signal when this difference is big ₁-s ₂Greatly, mensuration becomes easy.In order to make this difference maximum, the absorption coefficient of the composition of determination object ₁ ⁽⁰⁾Become great wavelength and be chosen as wavelength X ₁, and wavelength X ₂Be chosen as α ₂ ⁽⁰⁾=0 is the wavelength that the composition of determination object does not show absorption characteristic.Here, according to former condition, second wavelength X ₂Be necessary for α ₂ ^(b)=α ₁ ^(b), promptly the absorptance of background must equal first wavelength X ₁Absorptance.

In expression formula 4, photoacoustic signal s ₁With with photoacoustic signal s ₂Poor s ₁-s ₂Form occur.Now, if, be example with the glucose as the composition of determination object, then as mentioned above, at 2 photoacoustic signal s ₁With photoacoustic signal s ₂Intensity on only have difference below 0.1%.

, if at the photoacoustic signal s of the denominator of expression formula 4 ₂Middle about 5% the precision that exists, just enough.Therefore, with measure 2 photoacoustic signal s one by one respectively ₁With photoacoustic signal s ₂Compare, measure their poor s ₁-s ₂, this measured value divided by photoacoustic signal s ₂The time be very easy to keep precision.Therefore, in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, 2 wavelength X ₁And wavelength X ₂Light carry out inverting each otherly intensity modulated and the irradiation, measure photoacoustic signal s in vivo ₁With photoacoustic signal s ₂The difference signal s of the photoacoustic signal that mutual superposition produces ₁-s ₂

As mentioned above, when measuring blood constituent concentration, with 2 light that use different specific wavelengths, measuring the photoacoustic signal that 2 light of described different specific wavelength produce in vivo respectively compares, measure the difference signal of described photoacoustic signal, and then to make a given photoacoustic signal be zero to measure the opposing party's photoacoustic signal, and by expression formula 4 calculating, can easily measure blood constituent concentration.

The following describes the installation constitution of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example.Figure 38 represents the structure of decorative element of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example.In the ornamental portion 130 as decorative element shown in Figure 38, be equipped with at least as the illumination part 133 of light irradiation element with as the ultrasound examination portion 135 of sonic detection parts having the inboard that surrounds as the annular support body 132 of the tubular shape of the organism 131 of detected body.In Figure 38, illumination part 133 and ultrasound examination portion 135 are installed on annular support body 132 inboards and the face that organism 131 contacts, and the rayed part of illumination part 133 and the ultrasound wave receiving unit of ultrasound examination portion 135 clip organism 131 and be installed in opposed position.

The ornamental portion 130 of described structure has and keeps organism 131 reliably, moving with change of shape of organism 131 is limited to minimal effect, thickness between illumination part 133 and the ultrasound examination portion 135 is kept certain, and the change of shape of the organism 131 of the periphery of inhibition ultrasound examination portion 135, minimizing is from the variation of hyperacoustic reflection of the organism 131 of the periphery of ultrasound examination portion 135, so can correctly measure blood constituent concentration.

As mentioned above, by illumination part 133 and ultrasound examination portion 135 being configured in the roughly opposed position of the annulus of ornamental portion 130, can detect the ultrasound wave that the light by illumination part 133 irradiations produces efficiently in organism 131 by ultrasound examination portion 135.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, preferably configuration has the layer of the padded coaming of the acoustic impedance that is similar to this organism on the part of striding half cycle at least of the part that contacts with organism of the annulus inboard of the described decorative element that comprises described sonic detection configuration of components position.The structure of the decorative element of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example as shown in figure 39, configuration has the layer of the padded coaming 136 of the acoustic impedance that is similar to this organism on the part of striding half cycle at least of the part that contacts with organism of the annulus inboard of the ornamental portion 130 at the configuration position that comprises ultrasound examination portion 135.

Here, when supposing that sound wave incident has Z ₁And Z ₂The interface of medium of acoustic impedance the time, general incident sound wave is divided into through ripple and echo to be propagated.The latter's acoustic pressure is called the baroreflex rate for the ratio of the acoustic pressure of incidence wave, and is when sound wave vertical incidence interface, known to expression formula 4 expressions.

Because the acoustic impedance Z of organism 131 ₁Known.Be similar to water, so be 1.48Mrays (1Mrays=10 ⁶Kg/m ²S).And the acoustic impedance of the air that the surface of organism 131 contacts usually is 4.08 * 104Mrays, differs for organism 131 to surpass 3 orders of magnitude.As a result, on the surface of organism 131, when the sound wave vertical incidence, the baroreflex rate surpasses 99.9%, and the reflectance during incident is bigger sideling.

Use has the padded coaming 136 of the acoustic impedance that is similar to organism 131 and obtains the sound coupling, can reduce such reflection.131 harmless to organism, when also can be used for silica gel in the medical apparatus that body is embedded in type, its typical acoustic impedance is 1.24MR, by silica gel is used as padded coaming 136, can with the interface of organism 131 on the baroreflex rate be reduced to about 9%.

In addition, in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, the light that illumination wavelength 1 μ m is above, but at this moment, for the most water that accounts for organism 131 presents strong absorption, forming source of sound by local near from the skin under the organism 131 of the part that light shone of illumination part 133, the ultrasonic wave energy of generation is considered as spherical wave.

As described later, shine owing to the beam diameter of the light of irradiation portion 133 irradiation expands diameter 5mm to, so that the source of sound that is formed by irradiates light presents is discoid, the thickness of this disk is by the absorption length α of organism 131 ^-1Decision is about 1.6mm in the rayed of the about 1.6 μ m of above-mentioned wavelength, be about 0.4mm in the rayed of the about 2.1 μ m of wavelength.

Because source of sound presents on the thin like this disk, so produce directivity in the ultrasound wave that produces, the ultrasound wave that produces in the organism 131 is to the direction intent propagation of ultrasound examination portion 135.Therefore, padded coaming 136 is arranged on the configuration position that comprises ultrasound examination portion 135 ornamental portion 130 the annulus inboard the part that contacts with organism stride at least that the part of half cycle is effective.

As mentioned above, by the layer that the part configuration of half cycle at least has the padded coaming 136 of the acoustic impedance that is similar to organism 131 of striding in the part that contacts with organism of the annulus inboard of the ornamental portion 130 at the configuration position that comprises ultrasound examination portion 135, the part that directly arrives ultrasound examination portion 135 in the ultrasound wave that the light that is shone by illumination part 133 produces in organism 131 is detected efficiently by ultrasound examination portion 135, and can reduce by the ultrasound wave that produce in the organism 131 receiving behind the interface multipath reflection of the inboard of the annular support body 132 of organism 131 and ornamental portion 130 and by ultrasound examination portion 135 and become hyperacoustic amount of noise, thereby can more correctly measure blood constituent concentration.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, can between the face of the layer of described padded coaming and the annulus inboard of described decorative element, fill sound-absorbing material.The structure of the described decorative element of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is filled sound-absorbing material 137 as shown in figure 40 between the face of the inboard of the annular support body 132 of the annulus of padded coaming 136 and ornamental portion 130.Here, sound-absorbing material 137 uses the hyperacoustic material of good absorption.When for example using silica gel as padded coaming 136, when considering that hypothesis is not filled sound-absorbing material 137, if progressive ultrasound wave arrives the annular support body 132 of being made by metal in padded coaming 136, just present about 60% baroreflex rate between silica gel and the metal, so ultrasound wave is by the surface reflectance of annular support body 132, in the silica gel of padded coaming 136, drive in the wrong direction, arrive organism 131 once more.

As the sound-absorbing material 137 that is used to prevent above-mentioned reflection, it is effective using the material that comprises metal oxide powder (titanium oxide or tungsten oxide) in epoxy resin.

As mentioned above, by between the face of the inboard of the annular support body 132 of the annulus of padded coaming 136 and ornamental portion 130, filling sound-absorbing material 137, become hyperacoustic amount of noise behind the boundary reflection of ultrasound wave that the light that the energy minimizing is shone by illumination part 133 produces, by 135 receptions of ultrasound examination portion in organism 131, thereby more normal incidence is really measured blood constituent concentration by padded coaming 136 and annular support body 132.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described smooth generation part can be the described smooth generation part that is produced 2 light of different wave length by a plurality of semiconductor Laser devices.

As mentioned above, described smooth generation part is by 2 light of a plurality of semiconductor Laser devices generation different wave lengths, thus miniaturization significantly, the lightness of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example energy implement device.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described light irradiation element preferably has the beam diameter expander of the beam diameter of the light that enlarges described smooth generation part generation.

As mentioned above, described light irradiation element has the beam diameter expander of the beam diameter expansion of the light that described smooth generation part is produced, thereby the light beam to described organism irradiation is enlarged, can described organism not brought the more intense light of harmful effect ground irradiation, correctly measure the blood constituent concentration of organism.

In addition, in the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described decorative element is the ring of wearing on the finger of human body, and described light irradiation element is configured in the back of the hand one side of described finger, and described sonic detection component configuration is in palm one side of described finger.

As mentioned above, described decorative element is the ring of wearing on the finger of human body, and described light irradiation element is configured in the back of the hand one side of described finger, described sonic detection component configuration is in palm one side of described finger, thereby described sonic detection parts are easy and the soft contact skin of described finger, described acoustic detector can be measured the ultrasound wave that produces in the described finger efficiently, so can more correctly measure constituent concentration.By described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts are installed at the inner surface of ring, daily life is not brought obstacle, can be simple and easy and measure the blood constituent concentration of this human body continuously.

In the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example, described decorative element is the bracelet of wearing on the arm of described human body, and described light irradiation element is configured in palm one side, and described sonic detection component configuration is in described the back of the hand one side.

As mentioned above, described decorative element is the bracelet of wearing on the arm of described human body, and, described light irradiation element is configured in palm one side, described sonic detection component configuration is in described the back of the hand one side, thereby described sonic detection parts are easy and the soft contact skin of described arm, and described sonic detection parts can efficiently be measured the sound wave that produces in the described arm, so can more correctly measure constituent concentration.At the inner surface of described bracelet described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts are installed, daily life is not brought obstacle, can be simple and easy and measure the blood constituent concentration of this human body continuously.

(embodiment)

The specific embodiment of example 6 is described here.

(embodiment 1)

Figure 41 represents the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is used human body, and described decorative element is the embodiment that ring is implemented.

Figure 41 represents that the embodiment 1 of the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is installed in state on hand.In Figure 41, the ring type of on organism 193, wearing as detected body, be built-in with described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts in the ornamental portion 207 as described decorative element, in the display part 221 of Wristwatch-type, be equipped with power supply to described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts supply capability, the output signal of telecommunication as the described supersonic detector of the part of described sonic detection parts amplify as the phase detection amplifier of the part of described sonic detection parts and the detection part of blood constituent concentration.Connect by connection cord 210 between ornamental portion 207 and the display part 221.

In the arranged outside of display part 221 display of the blood constituent concentration of mensuration is arranged, be equipped with one in addition at least and be used to indicate the button of measuring beginning.The data of watch function, the storage of measuring concentration data and calling function, storage also are effective to the equipment of the communication function of external equipment.

Described connection cord 210 preferably has retractility and moving of might as well being in the way, in addition preferably along between the tendon of the finger extensor muscle of the back of the hand.Ornamental portion 207 is worn leftward second and is referred in Figure 41, can wear at hands arbitrarily, arbitrarily on the finger but can form certainly.

Figure 42 is that expression is taken off the figure of state of the ornamental portion 207 of ring type from finger, the situation that is provided with of the connection cord 210 in the frame 222 of the ring that the expression finger passes.For between the tendon of finger, keep described connection cord 210, the lead division of the ornamental portion 207 of connection cord 210 avoid ring collet the top and be provided with.Figure 43 represents along the central authorities of the width of frame 222 to be the cross section of the a-a dotted line shown in Figure 42.

In the figure in the cross section of the expression ornamental portion 207 of Figure 43, the part of the collet that is equivalent to ring that is positioned at the back of the hand one side (top of figure) of finger when mounted is provided with as the light source chip 314 of the part of described smooth generation part and constitutes exit window 313, reflecting mirror 316, concave mirror 317 of described light irradiation element etc., and is provided with supersonic detector 305 as the part of described sonic detection parts in the part of palm one side (below of figure) that is positioned at finger.

The output impedance of supersonic detector 305 generally is high impedance, so be not output good method by the way that connection cord 310 is directed to display part shown in Figure 41 221 on the viewpoint of noise directly.Therefore, the preamplifier 312 of transforming impedance is set near supersonic detector 305 and is connected with the lead-out terminal of supersonic detector 305, supersonic detector 305 the output impedance step-down, the output signal of preamplifier 312 offers display part 221 through connection cord 210 shown in Figure 41.

As shown in figure 43, in the both sides of supersonic detector 305, implement described hyperacoustic reflection countermeasure.Promptly cross over the medial surface comprise ornamental portion supersonic detector 305 directly over roughly half cycle ground be provided as the silica gel of padded coaming 306, between padded coaming 306 and the frame 311 by sound-absorbing material 307 fillings.

Light source chip 314 as described smooth generation part can use semiconductor laser component.This is because of not only small-sized, the long-life of semiconductor laser, but also has by injection current being modulated and directly element carried out the advantage of the necessary intensity modulated action of described optoacoustic method.

As light source chip 314, the illumination beam 315 when using semiconductor laser component normally spreads light beam, and the beam diameter after the irradiation is little more a lot of than the beam diameter that is suitable for the optoacoustic method.Therefore, be necessary to obtain irradiates light 304 to organism after the beam diameter expansion.In the present embodiment, the optical system that is used to enlarge beam diameter is made of reflecting mirror 316 and concave mirror 317.Promptly, reflecting mirror 316 is set, illumination beam 315 concave mirror 317 reflections upward in distance from the irradiation end face 1.2mm of light source chip 314 for illumination beam 315 with irradiation full-shape 46 ° (numerical aperture NA=0.39).Concave mirror 317 leaves 4.7mm and maintenance from reflecting mirror 316, and the incident beam from reflecting mirror 316 is transformed to collimated light beam, the exit window 313 directions reflection to the figure below.

In the present embodiment, the focal length of concave mirror 317 be 1/2 of radius of curvature be set at equal from the irradiation of light source chip 314 hold the light path of reflecting mirror 316 and light path from this reflecting mirror 316 to concave mirror 317 and, so obtained the irradiates light 304 of diameter through exit window 313 with 5.0mm.

Exit window 313 is also used as to the protection of light source chip 314, reflecting mirror 316 and concave mirror 317 with the high dimensional accuracy installation light source chip 314 and the base plate of reflecting mirror 316.As the material of exit window 313, require character transparent for irradiates light 304 and that be difficult to damage, so in the present embodiment, used sapphire plate.

The dorsal part of concave mirror 317 is arranged in the part on top that ornamental portion 207 is equivalent to the collet of ring, in the common purposes as the ornament of ring, is the place of undertaking central task.In the present embodiment, the dorsal part of concave mirror 317 can be as the purpose of decorating.

Exit window 313 and concave mirror 317 are fixed on the frame 311 with being necessary to keep relative position.Therefore, frame 311 is provided with the board wall of the position alignment that is used for exit window 313 and concave mirror 317.Frame 311 has the hollow space (wiring chamber) that is used for electrical wiring and is used for sound-absorbing material 307 and the ditch of the stickup of buffering material 306.Frame 311 with such structure can be by mold (casting) means of jewellery industry, similarly make with the circle of common ring.

Figure 44 represents the installation form of light source chip 314.In the present embodiment, use 2 different semiconductor laser components of wavelength.Particularly, be on substrate shown in Figure 44 321, to form with the MEMS technology.The approximate size of light source chip 314 shown in Figure 44 is 1mm * 1.5mm * (thickness) 0.6mm, is the described decorative element easy-on size as the ring type.

In Figure 44, first semiconductor laser 318 is arranged on the end face based on the main split of the optical waveguide 322 of fluorinated polyimide, and the laser instrument oscillation light is to main split's output of optical waveguide 322.And second semiconductor laser 319 is arranged on the ramose end face of side based on the optical waveguide 322 of fluorinated polyimide equally, and the laser instrument oscillation light is to the side branch output of optical waveguide 322.These 2 semiconductor Laser devices are supplied with drive current by electrode pad 320 separately.

Be formed with wave multiplexer 323 as described light irradiation element at the main split of optical waveguide 322 and the ramose intersection point of side place.Wave multiplexer 323 has been removed the gap of fluorinated polyimide and has been made, so that by multiple interference effect, so-called etalon (etalon) effect, oscillation wavelength for first semiconductor laser 318 is transparent, presents reflection for the oscillation wavelength of second semiconductor laser 319.

By described structure, after the output light of 2 semiconductor Laser devices that wavelength differs from one another is closed ripple and is propagated in optical waveguide 322, from the end face of the side that semiconductor Laser device is not set of optical waveguide 322 illumination beam 315 irradiations.

Figure 45 represents the cutaway view along a-a shown in Figure 42 of the described decorative element of ring type.In Figure 45, amplify and represented to embed the periphery that is provided with supersonic detector 305.As supersonic detector 305, can use PZT or PVDF known piezoelectric ultrasonic detecting elements such as (poly-inclined to one side 1,1 difluoroethylenes)., the acoustic impedance height of PZT be necessary the additional impedance matching layer, and PVDF is favourable on the coupling of acoustic impedance, and is low but output voltage is sensitivity.In the present embodiment, replace PZT or PVDF and used the MEMS type ultrasound examination element that forms by the MEMS technology.

In Figure 45, supersonic detector 305 is made of vibrating diaphragm 324 and fixed electrode 325.

The padded coaming 306 of above-mentioned sound coupling usefulness contacts with the vibrating diaphragm 324 in the supersonic detector 305.For the back pressure of fixed electrode 325 1 sides of avoiding this MEMS type supersonic detector 305, be provided with through the pore on the frame 311 of the behind that is arranged on fixed electrode 325 and lead to atmospheric runner.Supersonic detector 305 detects ultrasound wave according to the capacitance variations that the displacement of the vibrating diaphragm 324 in the capacity plate antenna (capacitor) that is formed by vibrating diaphragm 324 and fixed electrode 325 causes.Therefore, be connected preamplifier 312 on the supersonic detector 305 except described impedance mapping function, the also additional capacity plate antenna that pair supersonic detector 305 arranged is supplied with the function of certain electric charge.

Preamplifier 312 is arranged on the frame 311 of the behind of sound-absorbing material 307 with the wiring chamber 326 of the wiring that is used to arrive connection cord shown in Figure 43 310.Such structure is to consider to prevent owing to preamplifier 312 and wiring chamber 326 are reflected ultrasound wave.

In Figure 41, about element built-in respectively in the ornamental portion 207 of ring type and the display part 22 or circuit, method of attachment between them, except present embodiment represent, in the scope of the aim that does not break away from this example, various schemes can be arranged.For example, can in described connection cord, comprise optical fiber (in order to keep the retractility of cable, preferred bending radius is less), at display part 221 light source chip 314 is set, be used for the optical system that light beam enlarges as the described light irradiation element of the ornamental portion 207 of ring type is only remaining.

And in the ornamental portion 207 of ring type internal battery, can in addition comprise the driving power of light source and the whole key elements that relate to portable non-invasion and attack formula blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of phase detection amplifier are installed in the ornamental portion 207 of ring type.At this moment, the communication of the ornamental portion 207 of ring type and the blood constituent concentration measurement between the display part 221 is undertaken by wireless without cable.

(embodiment 2)

Figure 46 represents the blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example is used human body, as the structure of the described decorative element enforcement of wearing the bracelet type on wrist.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus that Figure 46 represents this example is installed in state on the wrist as the described decorative element of bracelet type.At the described decorative element of the bracelet type of described blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus shown in Figure 46 in the installation form of wrist, the display part 419 of the bracelet type of wearing on the organism 400 as detected body be will be among the embodiment 1 ornamental portion 207 of the display part 221 of the Wristwatch-type of explanation and ring type integrated structure.

Display part 419 is to be built-in with the situation that as the supersonic detector of sonic detection parts, also is built-in with described smooth generation part, described optical modulator component, described light irradiation element, in the arranged outside of display part 419 display of the measurement result of blood constituent concentration is arranged, be equipped with one in addition at least and be used to indicate the button of measuring beginning.In addition, same to display part 419 additional functions and described embodiment 1.

Figure 47 is the figure of the state taken from wrist of the described decorative element of expression bracelet type, by constituting round the display part 419 of wrist, side band 428 and as the illumination part 421 of described light irradiation element.The described decorative element of bracelet type has and outward appearance like the common watch kind, but different on installation method.The lap that generally is equipped with the both sides band (at wrist-watch, being called watchband) of the bracelet that is used for dismounting on common wrist-watch is occupied by illumination part 421 on the described decorative element of bracelet type.Therefore, in the described decorative element of such bracelet type, must there be other mechanism for assembling-disassembling to necessitate.

In the present embodiment, as the mechanism for assembling-disassembling of the described decorative element of bracelet type, be equipped with the mechanism for assembling-disassembling that is similar to seat harness that constitutes by insertion sheet 429 shown in Figure 47, opening 430 and loading and unloading button 431.

In the present embodiment, the supersonic detector embedding as the sonic detection parts is arranged in the bonnet of display part 419.As described supersonic detector, same with described embodiment 1, can use ultrasound examination elements such as PZT, PVDF or MEMS.

Described supersonic detector and both sides thereof be provided with padded coaming 418, be filled with described sound-absorbing material in the inboard of padded coaming 418 with contact surface organism.

In the present embodiment, the described decorative element of described bracelet type is installed as and makes described supersonic detector and the back of the hand one side contacts and make illumination part 421 by palm one side.Its reason is the fluctuating of formation such as the tendon that long palm muscle is arranged of palm one side in wrist, ulnar side skin (center) vein, in palm one side of wrist, is difficult to make described supersonic detector and skin to be close to, and is difficult to expect good acoustical coupling.

Figure 48 represents that illumination part 421 is along the cross section to the Central Line of the direction of side band 428.Figure 48 is the figure in cross section of illumination part 421 of the described decorative element of expression bracelet type shown in Figure 47, after the beam diameter of the illumination beam 415 of the light source chip 414 of the same described smooth generation part part of conduct of handle and described embodiment 1 enlarges, obtain irradiates light 417 to organism.

In the present embodiment, being used for the optical system that beam diameter enlarges is made of reflecting mirror 416 and lens 432.Promptly, reflecting mirror 416 is set, the direction reflection of illumination beam 315 to lens 432 in distance from the irradiation end 2.7mm of light source chip 414 for illumination beam 415 with irradiation full-shape 46 ° (numerical aperture NA=0.39).Lens 432 leave 3.2mm and keep from reflecting mirror 416, and the incident beam from reflecting mirror 416 is transformed to collimated light beam, shine to exit window 413 directions of the top of figure.

In the present embodiment, the focal length of lens 432 be set at just in time equal from the irradiation of light source chip 414 hold the light path of reflecting mirror 416 and light path from this reflecting mirror 416 to lens 432 and, so obtain the irradiates light 417 of diameter through exit window 413 with 5.0mm.Exit window 413 is provided with for the inner body of protecting illumination part 421, requires to have the character of and difficult damage transparent to irradiates light 417.Light source chip 414 and reflecting mirror 416 are installed on the light source base plate 433 with high dimensional accuracy.

Described decorative element as the bracelet type of this example, in above embodiment, representing, in the scope of the spirit that does not break away from this example, certainly can also select to wear armlet (armlet), wear at the ankletbangle on the ankle, the necklace (, being the good form of close property) worn on neck and implement as the latter two at upper arm.

Utilizability on the industry

The liquid component concentration measurement apparatus of this example and liquid component concentration measurement apparatus control method can be applied to measure the field of the constituent concentration in the liquid, and for example the pol of fruit is measured.

The blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus of this example and blood constituent concentration measurement apparatus control method can be used in the inspection in daily health control or beauty treatment. In addition, not only can be used for human body, also can be used for the health control of animal organism body.

Claims (111)

1. component concentration measuring device is characterized in that comprising:

Produce the light generation part of 2 light of different wave length;

The signal identical with frequency respectively, that phase place is opposite of 2 light to this different wave length carries out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity;

The light irradiation element of 2 light of this different wave length that has carried out intensity modulated to the determinand irradiation;

Detection is by the sonic detection parts of the sound wave that produces in determinand of light of irradiation.

2. component concentration measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that also having:

The frequency scanning parts that the modulating frequency of modulating the light that described smooth generation part produces is scanned;

The integrating block of the sound wave that the described sonic detection parts of accumulative total detect in scanned modulation frequency range;

Wherein, described optical modulator component is according to the signal from described frequency scanning parts, with opposite phases 2 light of described different wave length carried out the electric intensity modulation respectively.

3. component concentration measuring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that:

Described sonic detection parts are followed the tracks of the modulating frequency of described frequency scanning parts scanning, detect the sound wave that is produced in described determinand by the light that shines;

Described integrating block has the detected sound wave of the described sonic detection parts of accumulative total in the modulation frequency range of high detection sensitivity at described sonic detection parts.

4. component concentration measuring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that:

Also have according to sound wave and calculate liquid component concentration calculating unit in the described determinand as the constituent concentration of the liquid component of determination object by described integrating block accumulative total.

5. component concentration measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The sonic generator that also has the output sound wave;

Wherein, described sonic detection parts also detect the described sound wave that sees through described determinand from described sonic generator when detecting from the sound wave of described determinand.

6. component concentration measuring device according to claim 5 is characterized in that:

The driver part that also has any one position changeable at least that makes described sonic generator or described sonic detection parts.

7. component concentration measuring device according to claim 6 is characterized in that:

Also has the described driver part of control so that become the control assembly of specific value by the detected intensity of acoustic wave of described sonic detection parts.

8. according to claim 1 or 2 described component concentration measuring devices, it is characterized in that:

2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the liquid component as determination object presents presents than solvent.

9. component concentration measuring device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:

Described smooth generation part is set at the wavelength that the liquid component expression characteristics as determination object absorbs to light wavelength in described 2 light, another light wavelength is set at solvent presents the wavelength that equates with the absorption of a described light wavelength.

10. component concentration measuring device according to claim 8 is characterized in that:

2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described 2 light wavelengths is set at the absorption that the liquid component as determination object presents presents than remaining liquid component.

11. component concentration measuring device according to claim 9 is characterized in that:

2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described 2 light wavelengths is set at the absorption that the liquid component as determination object presents presents than remaining liquid component.

12. component concentration measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The synthesizer that between described light irradiation element and described determinand, also has the light beam of synthetic irradiation.

13. component concentration measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Also have the detection amplifier unit of detection from the amplitude of the sound wave of described sonic detection parts.

14. component concentration measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Also have pressure according to detected sound wave and calculate liquid component concentration calculating unit in the described determinand as the constituent concentration of the liquid component of determination object.

15. component concentration measuring device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:

Also has the recording-member that writes down the detected sound wave of described sonic detection parts with modulating frequency accordingly.

16. a component concentration measuring device is characterized in that, comprising:

Produce the light generation part of 2 light of different wave length;

2 light of this different wave length signal identical with frequency respectively, that phase place is opposite is carried out the synthetic optical modulator component of electric intensity;

The light irradiation element of 2 light of this different wave length of having modulated to detected body exposure rate;

Detection is by the sonic detection parts of the sound wave that produces in described detected body of light of irradiation.

17. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

Second light irradiation element that also has the light that produces intermittently to the interval that described detected body irradiation is also grown with the recurrence interval more identical than described frequency.

18. component concentration measuring device according to claim 17 is characterized in that:

The light wavelength of described second light irradiation element is to present composition and wavelength as the different characteristic absorption of the composition of determination object.

19. component concentration measuring device according to claim 17 is characterized in that:

The light wavelength of described second light irradiation element is the wavelength that presents the characteristic absorption of the hemoglobin in the blood.

20. component concentration measuring device according to claim 17 is characterized in that:

The generation light of described second light irradiation element be to make described detected body produce the interval that the temperature below 2 ℃ rises at interval.

21. component concentration measuring device according to claim 17 is characterized in that:

The light intensity of described second light irradiation element is to make described detected body produce the intensity that the temperature below 2 ℃ rises.

22. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that also comprising:

The frequency scanning parts that the modulating frequency of modulating the light that described smooth generation part produces is scanned;

The integrating block of the sound wave that the described sonic detection parts of accumulative total detect in the modulation frequency range of scanning;

Wherein, described optical modulator component is according to the signal from described frequency scanning parts, with opposite phases 2 light of described different wave length carried out the electric intensity modulation respectively.

23. component concentration measuring device according to claim 22 is characterized in that:

Described sonic detection parts are followed the tracks of the modulating frequency of described frequency scanning parts scanning, detect the sound wave that is produced in described detected body by the light that shines;

Described integrating block has the sound wave that the described sonic detection parts of accumulative total detect in the modulation frequency range of high detection sensitivity at described sonic detection parts.

24. component concentration measuring device according to claim 22 is characterized in that:

Also has the constituent concentration calculating unit that calculates the constituent concentration of described detected intravital composition as determination object according to sound wave by described integrating block accumulative total.

25. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

The sonic generator that also has the output sound wave;

Described sonic detection parts detect the described sound wave that sees through described detected body from described sonic generator when detecting from the sound wave of described detected body.

26. component concentration measuring device according to claim 25 is characterized in that:

Also has the driver part of the position changeable of any one at least that makes described sonic generator or described sonic detection parts.

27. component concentration measuring device according to claim 26 is characterized in that:

Also has the described driver part of control so that become the control assembly of specific value by the detected intensity of acoustic wave of described sonic detection parts.

28. component concentration measuring device according to claim 25 is characterized in that:

Described light irradiation element is fixed on the described sonic generator, with described sonic generator interlock.

29. component concentration measuring device according to claim 25 is characterized in that:

Also have with the controllable pressing force of pressure described sonic generator and described sonic detection parts by the pressing component that is pressed on the described detected body.

30. component concentration measuring device according to claim 25 is characterized in that:

To dispose described sonic generator with mode from the roughly the same position output sound wave in the position of the light beam irradiates of the intensity-modulated light of described light irradiation element.

31. component concentration measuring device according to claim 25 is characterized in that:

The penetrating window that on the part of described sonic generator, also has the light beam that sees through described intensity-modulated light.

32. component concentration measuring device according to claim 25 is characterized in that:

The frequency and/or the intensity of the described sound wave of described sonic generator output are variable.

33. component concentration measuring device according to claim 25 is characterized in that:

On described sonic generator and/or described light irradiation element and face that described detected body contacts, also have acoustic impedance and described detected body acoustical coupling member about equally.

34. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the composition as determination object presents presents than solvent.

35. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

Described smooth generation part is set at the wavelength that absorbs as the composition expression characteristics of determination object to a light wavelength in described 2 light, another light wavelength is set at solvent presents the wavelength that equates with the absorption of a described light wavelength.

36., it is characterized in that according to claim 34 or 35 described component concentration measuring devices:

2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the composition as determination object presents presents than remaining composition.

37. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents presents than water.

38., it is characterized in that according to claim 16 or 22 described component concentration measuring devices:

Described smooth generation part is set at the wavelength that absorbs as the blood constituent expression characteristics of determination object to a light wavelength in described 2 light, another light wavelength is set at water presents the wavelength that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.

39., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 37:

2 also big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents presents than remaining blood constituent.

40., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 38:

2 also big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation part is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents presents than remaining blood constituent.

41., it is characterized in that: the synthesizer that between described light irradiation element and described detected body, also has the light beam of synthetic irradiation according to claim 16 or 17 described component concentration measuring devices.

42., it is characterized in that according to claim 16 or 17 described component concentration measuring devices:

Also have the detection amplifier unit of detection from the amplitude of the sound wave of described sonic detection parts.

43., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 42:

Described detection amplifier unit is the synchronous detection amplifier.

44., it is characterized in that according to claim 16 or 17 described component concentration measuring devices:

The beam diameter of 2 light of described light irradiation element irradiation about equally.

45. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

Also have pressure according to detected sound wave and calculate in the described detected body constituent concentration calculating unit as the constituent concentration of the composition of determination object.

46., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 45:

The pressure of the sound wave that described constituent concentration calculating unit produces when the pressure of the sound wave that described detected body is shone 2 light of described different wave length and produce is zero divided by a light in described 2 light.

47. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

Described optical modulator component uses the identical frequency of the resonant frequency relevant with the sonic detection that produces in described detected body to modulate.

48. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

Described smooth generation part is adjusted 2 light relative intensity separately of described different wave length so that intensity modulated 2 of described different wave length photosynthetic be that the pressure of 1 light beam sound wave that irradiation produces to water is zero.

49. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

Described sonic detection parts and described modulating frequency synchronously detect sound wave by synchronous detection.

50. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

Described smooth generation part and described optical modulator component are directly modulated each of 2 semiconductor laser light resources by same frequency, square-wave signal that phase place is opposite.

51. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

Blood constituent as determination object is glucose or cholesterol.

52. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

Also has the recording-member that writes down the detected sound wave of described sonic detection parts with modulating frequency accordingly.

53. component concentration measuring device according to claim 16 is characterized in that:

Described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts are configured in roughly opposed position.

54., it is characterized in that according to claim 16 or 53 described component concentration measuring devices:

On the inboard of the annulus that a part that surrounds described detected body is installed and part that described detected body contacts, also has the decorative element that disposes described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts at least.

55., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 54:

Described light irradiation element and described sonic detection parts are configured in the roughly opposed position of the annulus of described decorative element each other.

56., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 54:

On the part of striding half circumference at least of the part that contacts with detected body in the inboard of the annulus that comprises described sonic detection configuration of components position, described decorative element, dispose the layer of padded coaming with the acoustic impedance that is similar to described detected body.

57., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 56:

Between the face of the inboard of the layer of described padded coaming and the annulus of described decorative element, be filled with sound-absorbing material.

58., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 54:

Described smooth generation part produces 2 different light of wavelength by a plurality of semiconductor Laser devices.

59., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 54:

Described light irradiation element has the beam diameter expander of the beam diameter expansion of the light that described smooth generation part is produced.

60., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 54:

Described decorative element is the ring of wearing on people's the finger, and described light irradiation element is arranged on the back of the hand one side of described finger, and described sonic detection parts are arranged on palm one side of described finger.

61., it is characterized in that according to the described component concentration measuring device of claim 54:

Described decorative element is the bracelet of wearing on people's the arm, and described light irradiation element is arranged on palm one side, and described sonic detection parts are arranged on the back of the hand one side.

62. a method of controlling component concentration measuring device is characterized in that, comprises in order:

The light generation part produces the light generation step of 2 light of different wave length;

The signal that optical modulator component is identical by frequency, phase place is opposite carries out the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity respectively to 2 light of the different wave length that produces in the described smooth generation step;

Light irradiation element is radiated at the rayed step of 2 light of the different wave length that has carried out intensity modulated in the described light modulation step to determinand;

The sonic detection parts detect the sonic detection step of the sound wave that is produced by the light that shines in the described rayed step in described determinand.

63., it is characterized in that also comprising according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 62:

The frequency scanning parts are to modulating the frequency scanning step that the light frequency that produces in the described smooth generation step scans;

Integrating block is accumulated at the accumulative total step of detected sound wave in the described sonic detection step in the modulation frequency range of scanning.

64., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 63:

Described sonic detection step is followed the tracks of the modulating frequency that scans in described frequency scanning step, detect the sound wave that is produced in described determinand by the light that shines;

Described accumulative total step is the step that is accumulated at detected sound wave in the described sonic detection step in the high modulation frequency range of the detection sensitivity of sound wave in described sonic detection step.

65., it is characterized in that according to claim 63 or 64 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device:

Also comprise the liquid component concentration calculation procedure of calculating the constituent concentration of the liquid component that becomes determination object according to the sound wave of accumulative total in the described accumulative total step.

66., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 62:

In the container that is filled with acoustic impedance and described determinand sound matter of matching about equally, carry out described rayed step and described sonic detection step.

67., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 66:

In described sonic detection step, detect described sound wave across acoustic impedance and described determinand sound matter of matching about equally.

68., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 66:

In described rayed step, by shining described intensity-modulated light to described determinand on the internal face that is configured in described container and for the exit window of described intensity modulated optical transparency.

69., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 66:

Being covered by aqueous, colloidal sol shape or gelatinous described sound matter of matching of described determinand by part that described intensity-modulated light shone.

70., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 62:

Also comprise optimum position detection step, in this step, to described determinand output sound wave, the sonic detection parts detect the position that the described intensity of acoustic wave that sees through described determinand becomes specific value to sonic generator from the diverse location more than 2;

In described rayed step, described light irradiation element becomes the position of specific value to described determinand irradiates light from described intensity of acoustic wave.

71., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 62:

The step of 2 light wavelengths that the difference of the described smooth generation step absorption that to be difference that described 2 light wavelengths are set at the absorption that the liquid component that becomes determination object presents present than solvent is also big.

72., it is characterized in that according to claim 62 or 63 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device:

Described smooth generation step is a light wavelength in described 2 light to be set at become the wavelength that the liquid component of determination object expression characteristics absorbs, and another light wavelength is set at the step that solvent presents the wavelength that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.

73., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 71:

2 also big light wavelengths of difference of the described smooth generation step absorption that to be difference that described 2 light wavelengths are set at the absorption that the liquid component as determination object presents present than remaining liquid component.

74., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 72:

2 also big light wavelengths of difference of the described smooth generation step absorption that to be difference that described 2 light wavelengths are set at the absorption that the liquid component as determination object presents present than remaining liquid component.

75., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 62:

Synthesize light beam, to described determinand irradiation from 2 light of described light irradiation element.

76., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 62:

Described detected sound wave is carried out detection again amplify the amplitude that sound wave is detected in the back.

77., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 62:

Also comprise according to the liquid component concentration calculation procedure of calculating the constituent concentration of the liquid component that becomes determination object by the pressure of the detected sound wave of described sonic detection step.

78., it is characterized in that according to claim 62 or 63 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device:

After described sonic detection step, also comprise with modulating frequency and write down recording step accordingly by the detected sound wave of described sonic detection step.

79., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 62:

In described rayed step, determinand contacts configuration with the shadow surface of described intensity-modulated light, the described determinand of described intensity-modulated light direct irradiation.

80. a method of controlling component concentration measuring device is characterized in that, comprises in order:

The light generation part produces the light generation step of 2 light of different wave length;

The signal that optical modulator component is identical by frequency, phase place is opposite carries out the synthetic light modulation step of electric intensity respectively to 2 light of the different wave length that produces in described smooth generation step;

Light irradiation element is radiated at the rayed step of 2 light of the different wave length that has carried out intensity modulated in the described light modulation step;

The sonic detection parts detect the sonic detection step of the sound wave that is produced by the light that shines in the described rayed step.

81. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Also comprise second light irradiation element with than long interval, the recurrence interval of the described same frequency second rayed step of irradiates light intermittently;

In described sonic detection step, described sonic detection parts detect by the sound wave that light produced that shines in described rayed step and the described second rayed step.

82. 1 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described second light irradiation element irradiation presents the light of the wavelength of the composition characteristics absorption different with the composition that becomes determination object.

83. 1 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

The light of the wavelength that the hemoglobin expression characteristics in the described second light irradiation element irradiation of blood absorbs.

84. 1 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described second light irradiation element is so that detected body produces the interval irradiates light that the temperature below 2 ℃ rises.

85. 1 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described second light irradiation element is so that detected body produces the intensity irradiates light that the temperature below 2 ℃ rises.

86. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that also comprising:

The frequency scanning parts are to modulating the frequency scanning step that the light frequency that produces in the described smooth generation step scans;

Integrating block is accumulated at the accumulative total step of detected sound wave in the described sonic detection step in the modulation frequency range of scanning.

87. 6 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described sonic detection step is followed the tracks of the modulating frequency that scans in the described frequency scanning step, detects the sound wave by the light generation of irradiation;

In the high modulation frequency range of the detection sensitivity of described accumulative total step sound wave in described sonic detection step, the sound wave that detects in the described sonic detection step of accumulative total.

88. 6 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Also comprise the constituent concentration calculation procedure of calculating the constituent concentration of the composition that becomes determination object according to the sound wave of accumulative total in the described accumulative total step.

89. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

In the container that is filled with acoustic impedance and detected body sound matter of matching about equally, carry out described rayed step and described sonic detection step.

90. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device is characterized in that according to Claim 8, also comprises

Sonic generator detects the optimum position detection step that the described intensity of acoustic wave that has seen through described detected body becomes the position of specific value from the output of the diverse location more than 2 sound wave, sonic detection parts.

91., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 90:

In described rayed step, described light irradiation element becomes the position irradiates light of specific value from the intensity of described sound wave.

92. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation step is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the composition as determination object presents presents than solvent.

93. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described smooth generation step is set at the wavelength that absorbs as the composition expression characteristics of determination object to a light wavelength in described 2 light, another light wavelength is set at solvent presents the wavelength that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.

94., it is characterized in that according to claim 92 or 93 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device:

The step of 2 light wavelengths that the difference of the described smooth generation step absorption that to be difference that described 2 light wavelengths are set at the absorption that the composition as determination object presents present than remaining liquid component is also big.

95. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

2 big light wavelengths of difference of the absorption that the difference that described smooth generation step is set at described 2 light wavelengths the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents presents than water.

96. 0 or 86 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described smooth generation step is that a light wavelength in described 2 light is set at the wavelength that absorbs as the blood constituent expression characteristics of determination object, another light wavelength is set at the step that water presents the wavelength that equates with absorption to a described light wavelength.

97., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 95:

The step of 2 light wavelengths that the difference of the described smooth generation step absorption that to be difference that described 2 light wavelengths are set at the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents present than remaining blood constituent is big.

98., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 96:

The step of 2 light wavelengths that the difference of the described smooth generation step absorption that to be difference that described 2 light wavelengths are set at the absorption that the blood constituent as determination object presents present than remaining blood constituent is big.

99. 0 or 81 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Shining from the synthetic back of 2 light beams of described light irradiation element.

100. 0 or 81 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described detected sound wave is carried out detection again amplify the amplitude that sound wave is detected in the back.

101., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 100:

It is that synchronous detection amplifies that described detection is amplified.

102. 0 or 81 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

The beam diameter of 2 light that send from described light irradiation device about equally.

103. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Also comprise pressure according to the sound wave that detects by described sonic detection step and calculate constituent concentration calculation procedure as the constituent concentration of the composition of determination object.

104., it is characterized in that according to the described method of controlling component concentration measuring device of claim 103:

Described constituent concentration calculation procedure is measured the pressure by the sound wave of 2 light generations of described different wave length, the pressure of the sound wave that produces when measuring 1 light in described 2 light and being zero, the pressure of the sound wave of generation when the pressure of the sound wave that is produced by described 2 light is zero divided by 1 light in described 2 light.

105. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described light modulation step uses the frequency identical with the resonant frequency relevant with the detection of the sound wave that produces to modulate.

106. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Between described light modulation step and described rayed step, also comprise: adjust described 2 light separately relative intensity so that described intensity modulated 2 of different wave length photosynthetic be a light beam and the intensity set-up procedure of shining the pressure vanishing of the sound wave that water produces.

107. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described sonic detection step is synchronously to be detected the step of sound wave by synchronous detection with described modulating frequency.

108. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Described smooth generation step and described light modulation step are directly each steps of 2 semiconductor laser light resources of modulation of identical by frequency, that phase place is opposite square-wave signal.

109. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

Blood constituent as determination object is glucose or cholesterol.

110. the method for controlling component concentration measuring device described in 0 or 86 according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

After described sonic detection step, also comprise with modulating frequency and write down recording step accordingly by the detected sound wave of described sonic detection step.

111. 0 described method of controlling component concentration measuring device according to Claim 8 is characterized in that:

In described rayed step, the shadow surface of detected body and described intensity-modulated light disposes contiguously.

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