CN101299028B - Method for measuring soil quick-effective phosphor based on image analysis - Google Patents
Method for measuring soil quick-effective phosphor based on image analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN101299028B CN101299028B CN 200810023902 CN200810023902A CN101299028B CN 101299028 B CN101299028 B CN 101299028B CN 200810023902 CN200810023902 CN 200810023902 CN 200810023902 A CN200810023902 A CN 200810023902A CN 101299028 B CN101299028 B CN 101299028B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to chemical analysis of soil, especially relates to a method for measuring quick-acting phosphorus in soil based on image analysis. The phosphorus -containing liquid to be measured is reacted with a color reagent and the blue color is displayed. The darkness of blue can be characterized by the blue degree which is highly dependent linearly with the phosphorus content. The image averaging blue degrees of the soil liquid to be measured and the sample are obtained with the image analysis software. A linear equation between the concentration of sample and the average blue degree value of the sample is established Y=a-bX (wherein Y is the concentration of sample, X is the average blue degree value of sample, a and b are constant quantities). The average blue degree value of the liquid to be measured is substituted into the equation to obtain the phosphor concentration of the phosphorus-containing liquid to be measured. Then the content of quick-acting phosphorus in soil is calculated. The precision of the invention is higher than that of the test paper method. The operation of the invention is simpler than that of the colorimetry. Furthermore the method of the invention is suitable for the high-concentration quick-acting phosphorus in soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil chemical analysis, particularly relate to a kind of assay method of the soil quick-effective phosphor based on graphical analysis.
Background technology
Phosphorus is one of indispensable important nutrient in the crops whole growing.The purpose of measuring soil quick-effective phosphor is in order to determine the phosphate fertilizer amount of high crop yield, high-quality, high economic benefit.In recent years owing to the raising of people to the understanding of the importance of resources conseravtion and environment; for containment causes the acceleration of phosphate rock resource to be exhausted because of using phosphate fertilizer continuously in a large number; and agricultural land soil phosphorus element causes the eutrophication and the serious day by day situation of phreatic pollution of surface water as the non-point pollution source; the scientific and rational phosphate fertilizer of using also has been endowed new intension; be that using of phosphate fertilizer not only will improve output, improves quality, increase economic benefit, and would not pollute and destroy environment.China is a country that per capita resources is very poor, and the meaning of measuring soil quick-effective phosphor is just more important.
Be commonly used to the test paper method and the colourimetry of the method for inorganic phosphorus concentration in the solution of measuring at present.Its principle is to extract with extraction agent to obtain extract, and ammonium phosphomolybdate can be reduced agent and be reduced to blueness, and its blue depth within the specific limits with extract in phosphorus content linear.Colourimetry is to be processed into liquid to be measured with extract, develops the color with the developer reaction, carries out colorimetric with spectrophotometer or photolometer, calculates.Test paper method is that the required chemical reagent of above-mentioned chromogenic reaction is absorbed by test paper respectively, and reagent and liquid to be measured reaction solution on paper slip are estimated comparison according to prefabricated standard color systcm test paper.
Test paper method is simple and efficient, is suitable for the land for growing field crops to be applied, but often reach precision should not arranged.Colourimetry, the degree of accuracy height, but operate loaded down with trivial detailsly, and the high concentration linearity is relatively poor.Therefore, study a kind ofly than test paper method degree of accuracy height, more simple to operate than traditional colourimetry, and adapt to the assay method of the high soil quick-effective phosphor of concentration, use phosphate fertilizer and prevent that body eutrophication from having great importance scientific and rational.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of than test paper method degree of accuracy height, more simple to operate than traditional colourimetry, and adapt to the assay method of the high soil quick-effective phosphor of concentration.
A kind of assay method of the soil quick-effective phosphor based on graphical analysis is characterized in that: phosphorous liquid to be measured and developer reaction are carried out, demonstrate blueness, its blue depth can characterize with blue degree, and it is relevant that blue degree and phosphorus content are highly linear.Utilize image analysis software to obtain the image averaging blueness degree of soil liquid to be measured and standard specimen, (Y is the concentration of standard specimen here to set up the linear equation Y=a-bX of average blue chromatic value of the concentration of standard specimen and standard specimen, X is the average blue chromatic value of standard specimen, and a, b are constant).With the above-mentioned equation of average blue chromatic value substitution of liquid to be measured, obtain the phosphorus concentration of phosphorous liquid to be measured, calculate the content of soil quick-effective phosphor again.Because image acquisition instrument such as digital camera have automatic compensation function, each mensuration need be set up a linear equation.
Embodiment
1, carries out the preparation of extraction agent, the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, phosphorus standard solution according to a conventional method, carry out the preparation of soil liquid to be measured subsequently, specifically as seen: Bao Shidan chief editor, soil agrochemistry analysis (third edition), Chinese agriculture publishing house, 2005, pp.81-83.
2, the phosphorus standard solution of drawing different volumes respectively is in volumetric flask, with the anti-reagent colour development of molybdenum antimony, constant volume, shakes up, and places 30 minutes, pours into respectively in the no scale test tube, makes to contain the different standard specimen of phosphorus concentration.
3, draw liquid to be measured in volumetric flask, with the anti-reagent colour development of molybdenum antimony, constant volume, shake up, placed 30 minutes, pour into respectively in the no scale test tube, be put on the test tube rack together with standard specimen, do shooting background with white board, utilize the positive level of digital camera that the test tube rack that is placed with sample and standard specimen is taken, obtain image.On above-mentioned image, choose the blue zone uniformly of front sustained height on the every test tube, utilize image analysis software that these zones are analyzed, obtain the image averaging blueness degree of sample and standard specimen.Set up the linear equation Y=a-bX (Y is the concentration of standard specimen, and X is the average blue chromatic value of standard specimen, and a, b are constant) of the average blue chromatic value of the concentration of standard specimen and standard specimen here.With the above-mentioned equation of average blue chromatic value substitution of liquid to be measured, obtain the phosphorus concentration of phosphorous liquid to be measured, calculate the content of soil quick-effective phosphor again.
In the said determination method:
In the step 1 according to a conventional method compound concentration be 5mg L
-1The phosphorus standard solution;
In the step 2, draw respectively 1,5,15 and the concentration of 30ml be 5mg L
-1The phosphorus standard solution in 50 milliliters of volumetric flasks, with the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony 5 milliliters of colour developings,, constant volume, shake up with the anti-reagent colour development of molybdenum antimony, placed 30 minutes, pour into respectively in the no scale test tube, make that concentration is respectively 0.1,0.5,1.5,3.0mgL
-14 standard specimens.
In the step 3, the liquid to be measured of 2-40 milliliter in 50 milliliters of volumetric flasks, with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, and use the distilled water constant volume, shake up, placed 30 minutes, pour into respectively in the no scale test tube, be put on the white test tube rack together with 4 standard specimens.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) concentration range of image analytical method mensuration is bigger, and this is that conventional colourimetry is unapproachable.When low concentration, can not measure with image analytical method, but can obtain better effects by the volume that increases liquid to be measured, it can measure rapid available phosphorus greater than 0.31mg Kg
-1The soil of DW, and for rapid available phosphorus less than 250mgKg
-1The soil of DW has higher precision, and this mensuration for general soil is fit to, because the rapid available phosphorus of most soil is all at 0.31-250mg Kg
-1Between the DW.
(2) image analytical method can be used for on-site measurement.With the image that digital camera is taken, be wirelessly transmitted to computing machine or directly import notebook computer and just can obtain the analysis data, realize on-the-spot detection.
(3) image analytical method can repeat repeatedly to carry out, and has solved colourimetry because of the problem of solution colour de-stabilising effect than chromatic effect.
(4) image analytical method can be selected the zone of uniformity, obtains average blue degree, the defective of having avoided conventional colourimetry to cause because of the influence of the permeability of soil colloid contrast colors cup often.
Embodiment 1
Step 1 is carried out the preparation of extraction agent and the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony according to a conventional method.
Step 2, preparing the phosphorus concentration of standard solution according to a conventional method is 5mg L
-1
Step 3 prepares the soil liquid to be measured of a Binjiang wetland soil sample (sample 1) according to a conventional method.
Step 4, draw respectively 1,5,15 and the phosphorus standard solution of 30ml in 50 milliliters of volumetric flasks, with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, and use the distilled water constant volume, and shake up, placed 30 minutes, pour into respectively in the no scale test tube, make that concentration is respectively 0.1,0.5,1.5,3.0mg L
-14 standard specimens.
Step 5, the liquid to be measured of drawing 5ml is in 50 milliliters of volumetric flasks, with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, and use the distilled water constant volume, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and, and used the distilled water constant volume with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and poured into respectively in the no scale test tube, be put into together with 4 standard specimens on the test tube rack of white, do shooting background with white board, keep object distance at 50cm, utilize the positive level of Kodak digital camera of 5,000,000 pixels that the test tube rack that is placed with sample and standard specimen is taken, obtain image.
Step 6 on above-mentioned image, is chosen the blue zone uniformly of front sustained height on the every test tube, utilizes image analysis software SigmaScan Pro 5 that these zones are analyzed, and obtains the image averaging blueness degree of sample and standard specimen.
Step 7, utilize the average blue degree of the image of the phosphorus concentration of standard specimen and standard specimen to obtain linear equation and be Y=3.3070-0.0222X, bring the blue chromatic value of the image averaging of liquid to be measured into above-mentioned linear equation one by one again, obtain the phosphorus concentration of liquid to be measured, be converted into the content of soil quick-effective phosphor again.
Embodiment 2
Step 1,2,4,6 is with embodiment 1.
Step 3 prepares the soil liquid to be measured of an agricultural land soil sample (sample 2) according to a conventional method.
Step 5, the liquid to be measured of drawing 2ml is in 50 milliliters of volumetric flasks, with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, and use the distilled water constant volume, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and, and used the distilled water constant volume with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and poured into respectively in the no scale test tube, be put into together with 4 standard specimens on the test tube rack of white, do shooting background with white board, keep object distance at 50cm, utilize the positive level of Kodak digital camera of 5,000,000 pixels that the test tube rack that is placed with sample and standard specimen is taken, obtain image.
Step 7, utilize the average blue degree of the image of the phosphorus concentration of standard specimen and standard specimen to obtain linear equation and be Y=3.9462-0.0278X, bring the blue chromatic value of the image averaging of liquid to be measured into above-mentioned linear equation one by one again, obtain the phosphorus concentration of liquid to be measured, be converted into the content of soil quick-effective phosphor again.
Embodiment 3
Step 1,2,4,6 is with embodiment 1.
Step 3 prepares the soil liquid to be measured of a vegetable field soil sample (sample 3) according to a conventional method.
Step 5, the liquid to be measured of drawing 10ml is in 50 milliliters of volumetric flasks, with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, and use the distilled water constant volume, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and, and used the distilled water constant volume with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and poured into respectively in the no scale test tube, be put into together with 4 standard specimens on the test tube rack of white, do shooting background with white board, keep object distance at 50cm, utilize the positive level of Kodak digital camera of 5,000,000 pixels that the test tube rack that is placed with sample and standard specimen is taken, obtain image.
Step 7, utilize the average blue degree of the image of the phosphorus concentration of standard specimen and standard specimen to obtain linear equation and be Y=4.7772-0.0352X, bring the blue chromatic value of the image averaging of liquid to be measured into above-mentioned linear equation one by one again, obtain the phosphorus concentration of liquid to be measured, be converted into the content of soil quick-effective phosphor again.
Embodiment 4
Step 1,2,4,6 is with embodiment 1.
Step 3 prepares the soil liquid to be measured of a strand wetland soil sample (sample 4) according to a conventional method.
Step 5, the liquid to be measured of drawing 30ml is in 50 milliliters of volumetric flasks, with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, and use the distilled water constant volume, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and, and used the distilled water constant volume with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and poured into respectively in the no scale test tube, be put into together with 4 standard specimens on the test tube rack of white, do shooting background with white board, keep object distance at 50cm, utilize the positive level of Kodak digital camera of 5,000,000 pixels that the test tube rack that is placed with sample and standard specimen is taken, obtain image.
Step 7, utilize the average blue degree of the image of the phosphorus concentration of standard specimen and standard specimen to obtain linear equation and be Y=4.2989-0.0308X, bring the blue chromatic value of the image averaging of liquid to be measured into above-mentioned linear equation one by one again, obtain the phosphorus concentration of liquid to be measured, be converted into the content of soil quick-effective phosphor again.
Embodiment 5
Step 1,2,4,6 is with embodiment 1.
Step 3 prepares the soil liquid to be measured of the pedotheque (sample 5) in a ls area according to a conventional method.
Step 5, the liquid to be measured of drawing 40ml is in 50 milliliters of volumetric flasks, with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, and use the distilled water constant volume, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and, and used the distilled water constant volume with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and poured into respectively in the no scale test tube, be put into together with 4 standard specimens on the test tube rack of white, do shooting background with white board, keep object distance at 50cm, utilize the positive level of Kodak digital camera of 5,000,000 pixels that the test tube rack that is placed with sample and standard specimen is taken, obtain image.
Step 7, utilize the average blue degree of the image of the phosphorus concentration of standard specimen and standard specimen to obtain linear equation and be Y=4.1503-0.0296X, bring the blue chromatic value of the image averaging of liquid to be measured into above-mentioned linear equation one by one again, obtain the phosphorus concentration of liquid to be measured, be converted into the content of soil quick-effective phosphor again.
Implementation result such as the table 1 of each embodiment
Soil quick-effective phosphor result (the mg Kg of table 1 image analytical method and colorimetrically analysing
-1DW) (mean+SD, n=5)
The standard deviation analysis of his-and-hers watches 1 can find that when rapid available phosphorus concentration was hanged down, the precision of colourimetry was higher than image analytical method, and when concentration was high, the precision of image analytical method was higher than colourimetry.Two kinds of analytical approachs all are acceptables to the precision of soil quick-effective phosphor analysis, and image analytical method is fit to measure the rapid available phosphorus concentration of soil.
Claims (5)
1. assay method based on the soil quick-effective phosphor of graphical analysis, it is characterized in that: phosphorous liquid to be measured and the anti-reagent reacting of molybdenum antimony are carried out, demonstrate blueness, its blue depth can characterize with blue degree, utilize image analysis software to obtain the image averaging blueness degree of soil liquid to be measured and standard specimen, set up the linear equation Y=a-bX of the average blue chromatic value of the concentration of standard specimen and standard specimen; Y is the concentration of standard specimen, and X is the average blue chromatic value of standard specimen, and a, b are constant; With the average blue chromatic value substitution linear equation of liquid to be measured, obtain the phosphorus concentration of phosphorous liquid to be measured, calculate the content of soil quick-effective phosphor again.
2. the assay method of a kind of soil quick-effective phosphor based on graphical analysis according to claim 1, specific implementation method is:
Step 1: carry out the preparation of extraction agent, the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, phosphorus standard solution according to a conventional method, carry out the preparation of soil liquid to be measured subsequently, preparation process is: the air-dry soil sample 2.5 that takes by weighing by 20 mesh sieve restrains in 150 milliliters of triangular flasks, adds 0.5mol L
-1NaHCO
350 milliliters of solution add one spoonful of without phosphorus activated charcoal again, the jam-pack bottle stopper, and vibration is 30 minutes on vibrating machine, uses without phosphorus filter paper filtering immediately, and filtrate is soil liquid to be measured;
Step 2: the phosphorus standard solution of drawing different volumes respectively with molybdenum antimony anti-reagent colour development, constant volume, shakes up in volumetric flask, places 30 minutes, pours into respectively in the no scale test tube, makes to contain the different standard specimen of phosphorus concentration;
Step 3: draw liquid to be measured in volumetric flask, with the anti-reagent colour development of molybdenum antimony, constant volume, shake up, placed 30 minutes, pour into respectively in the no scale test tube, be put on the test tube rack together with standard specimen, do shooting background with white board, utilize the positive level of digital camera that the test tube rack that is placed with sample and standard specimen is taken, obtain image; On above-mentioned image, choose the blue zone uniformly of front sustained height on the every test tube, utilize image analysis software that these zones are analyzed, obtain the image averaging blueness degree of sample and standard specimen; Set up the linear equation Y=a-bX of the average blue chromatic value of the concentration of standard specimen and standard specimen; Y is the concentration of standard specimen, and X is the average blue chromatic value of standard specimen, and a, b are constant; With the above-mentioned equation of average blue chromatic value substitution of liquid to be measured, obtain the phosphorus concentration of phosphorous liquid to be measured, calculate the content of soil quick-effective phosphor again.
3. the assay method of a kind of soil quick-effective phosphor based on graphical analysis according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the step 1, compound concentration is 5mgL according to a conventional method
-1The phosphorus standard solution.
4. the assay method of a kind of soil quick-effective phosphor based on graphical analysis according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the step 2, draw respectively 1,5,15 and the phosphorus standard solution of 30ml in 50 milliliters of volumetric flasks, with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, constant volume, shake up, placed 30 minutes, and poured into respectively in the no scale test tube, make that concentration is respectively 0.1,0.5,1.50,3.0mg L
-14 standard specimens.
5. the assay method of a kind of soil quick-effective phosphor based on graphical analysis according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the step 3, the liquid to be measured of drawing the 2-40 milliliter is in 50 milliliters of volumetric flasks, with 5 milliliters of colour developings of the anti-reagent of molybdenum antimony, and use the distilled water constant volume, and shake up, placed 30 minutes, pour into respectively in the no scale test tube, be put into together with standard specimen on the test tube rack of white.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103592299A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-19 | 江苏大学 | Measurement method for calcium ions in residual liquid based on image analysis |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103592297A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-02-19 | 江苏大学 | Image analysis based method for measuring potassium ions in residual liquid |
| PL239673B1 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2021-12-27 | Univ Technologiczno Przyrodniczy Im Jana I Jedrzeja Sniadeckich | Method for determination of a final point of titration in the complexometric method of quantitative determination of calcium in water solutions |
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| SU1550421A1 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1990-03-15 | Институт общей и неорганической химии АН АрмССР | Method of spectrographic determination of phosphorus in citrate solutions |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN103592299A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-19 | 江苏大学 | Measurement method for calcium ions in residual liquid based on image analysis |
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