CN101297173A - 用于进气冷却器的热交换器组件 - Google Patents

用于进气冷却器的热交换器组件 Download PDF

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CN101297173A
CN101297173A CNA200680039797XA CN200680039797A CN101297173A CN 101297173 A CN101297173 A CN 101297173A CN A200680039797X A CNA200680039797X A CN A200680039797XA CN 200680039797 A CN200680039797 A CN 200680039797A CN 101297173 A CN101297173 A CN 101297173A
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R·F·迪尔贝克
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/26—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means being integral with the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05383—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0081—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by a single plate-like element ; the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being integrated in one single plate-like element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/16—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being integral with the element, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0082—Charged air coolers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/906—Reinforcement

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于内燃机进气冷却器的热交换器组件，由多个铝模块形成，每个模块设有纵向通孔和相对外面部分，带有以面对面关系定位的齿形热交换翼片。所述管状模块的组件与上下铝联箱板相互连接，联箱板接收管状模块的端部，并且用由所述模块和联箱板的母质材料制成的熔接接合部固定在其上。在所述联箱板上用于所述模块的开口设有凸缘，并且具有至少约0.090英寸的厚度，所述管状模块的端部的壁厚也具有约0.90英寸的最小厚度，这样所述熔接接合利用实质上与所述模块和所述联箱板凸缘等量的铝材料。

Description

用于进气冷却器的热交换器组件
技术领域
【0001】本发明涉及用于冷却各种流动流体的热交换器。特别地，本发明涉及借助于使冷却液围绕经过或通过热交换器来冷却增压式发动机的机油、传动液、排气、或进气的热交换器组件。
背景技术
【0002】热交换器用来将由第一流体吸收的热量传输到第二冷却液。任一流体可以流过位于交换器内的管路或围绕所述管路，通过延伸过所述交换器的开口，所述开口关于所述管路被隔开，并且由多个围绕所述管路向外延伸的翼片限定。现有技术的热交换器已经由多种布置构造，以在管路上暴露最大的表面面积，围绕的翼片使得在第一和第二流体之间产生最大的热交换。
【0003】以前的热交换器由管状管路的布置组成，具有互相隔开的径向延伸翼片，以永久关系附着于管路上。这种类型的热交换器虽然在冷却从发动机流来的热的第一流体是有效的，但是由于该热交换器的整体结构，其难以维护和维修，因为该结构要求必须全部拆卸所述交换器才能维修。拆卸这些类型的交换器需要打开热交换器组件之间的永久连接，这既费时又费钱。
【0004】关于流体热交换器设计的最新发展产生了模块热交换器的发明，比如公开在美国专利5,303,770中的模块热交换器。在这种热交换器中，所述交换器由若干铝模块组成，若干铝模块彼此靠着定位以形成所述模块热交换器。公开在上述专利中的每个模块由伸长的、长方形的挤压铝块组成，包括纵向延伸的椭圆形管路和一系列向外延伸的翼片，该翼片围绕所述管路沿着所述块的外部在其宽面上隔开。
【0005】所述模块优选由与模块相同的金属形成的端片或联箱板(header plates)焊接在一起，以确保焊接完整性和避免由于不同金属中的热膨胀差别导致的焊接失效的潜在问题。因此，为了避免这些问题，入口和出口端片或联箱板，以及储槽或任何其它连接到所述模块元件上的附件，应由铝形成，以确保焊接连接不会失效。这必然限制了由挤制铝块模块组成的模块热交换器的应用，其中焊接到所述热交换器的任何必要的附件，和焊接到那些附件上的任何其它元件，可以由与所述交换器元件相同的金属形成。
发明内容
【0006】本发明是设计用作进气冷却器的热交换器。所述热交换器的主体由类似于那些在美国专利5,303,770中公开的单个模块组成，在此以引用的方式加入。所述模块一般地是矩形挤压管状块，包括至少一个，但优选两个或更多，延伸通过所述块的纵向管路和一些沿着所述块的宽面部分延伸的V形凹槽。多个狭槽横向切入所述凹槽以形成沿着所述块的宽面部分布置的翼片，其实质上覆盖所述块的整个长度。
【0007】所述沉孔的任一边的凹槽延伸通过所述面部分至所述块的相对端以形成附加通道，通过附加通道可以流动流体。当利用所述块用于某些特定目的以控制流体通过所述交换器的流动时，这些通道可以通过焊接闭合。
【0008】优选实施例的结构也利用了铝联箱板的独特布置以分开所述两流体，和定位形成所述热交换器组件的所述单一的模块。所述模块形成有在每端处限定齿形翼片的模样的端部的狭窄的颈部，所述颈部也围绕和限定至所述通孔的端部开口。用于形成组件的所述多个模块的每端的联箱板被定尺寸成接收所述模块的颈部和互连以及保持在所述组件中的所述模块。每个联箱板被支撑在最末端翼片上的所述组件的端部处，并闭合由邻近模块的颈部之间的翼片限定的空间。每个联箱板的外围边缘一般地与所述模块组件的外周重合。每个联箱板用熔接接合连接到所述组件。最后，具有连续外缘的铝容器沿着不漏流体的熔接或焊接接合被连接到每个联箱板的外围边缘。
【0009】优选实施例特别地适合用于进气冷却器，那里进气可以被加热到600°F.(315℃)或更高，这里传统的钎焊接合将失效。切入所述模块的面中的狭槽并不延伸所述模块的全长，而是终止在厚度大于在其之间的翼片的最末端翼片的两端上。每个末端依次终止于台肩，该台肩限定围绕和限定至模块通孔的端部开口的颈部。所述联箱板被支撑在形成所述组件的邻近模块的台肩上，并且封闭所述邻近模块的颈部之间的空间。在该实施例中，所述联箱板包括一般地平坦主体部分，带有翻转的凸缘开口，以接收所述模块的颈部。所述联箱板的主体部分由外周外缘围绕，其包围所述板本体部分并形成唇缘，容器可以熔接或焊接到唇缘上。
【0010】所述联箱板中的凸缘开口被定尺寸成接收形成所述组件的模块的颈部。围绕所述通孔的所述颈部壁的厚度，和所述联箱板凸缘的厚度优选地相等并且厚度至少为0.090英寸(2.3毫米)。所述凸缘的边缘和所述颈部的直接邻近边缘使用颈部材料和凸缘材料的近似相当部分熔接以形成熔接接合部。铝容器然后可以用焊接或熔接接合连接到每个联箱板的外围边缘。
附图说明
【0011】图1是按照本发明的进气冷却器组件的正视图。
【0012】图2是图1的进气冷却器组件的侧视图。
【0013】图3是熔接之前所述模块/联箱板组件的顶视平面图。
【0014】图4是带有熔接到所述管状模块端部的联箱板的所述组件细节的正视图，示出了熔接之前的一端。
【0015】图4a是图4的细节，示出了熔接之前的连接。
【0016】图5是放大的侧视图，示出了将联箱板连接到管状模块组件的熔接接合部。
【0017】图6是形成图1组件的部件的管状铝模块的端部的等角细节图。
具体实施方式
【0018】在图1和2中，示出了本发明的一个实施例，亦即适合于用作用于增压式发动机的进气冷却器。热交换器10用挤压管状铝模块11的组件制成。狭槽17切入模块11的外面部分14以形成不延伸到所述模块的全长的翼片13。替代地，每个模块具有无槽端20，那里没有翼片。每个相对的模块端终止于台肩21，台肩21形成在比中间翼片13的厚度大的多的最末端的翼片19中。每个台肩21，依次，围绕轴向延伸颈部22，其形成通孔15的终端。
【0019】每个模块11包括本体12，本体12具有形成在相对面部分14中的齿形翼片13和多个纵向通孔15，通孔15在面部分14之间在横向于翼片13的方向上延伸每个模块11的长度。模块11由挤压铝制品形成，其包括通孔15和V形凹槽16，凹槽16在每个面部分14的外表面中平行于所述孔延伸，如图6示出的细节。凹槽16随后被横向切割以形成狭槽17，狭槽17垂直于所述凹槽16延伸过面部分14，并且在相对边缘面18之间以限定出锯齿形翼片13。联箱板23用铝制成，并且包括平主体部分24，其设有一系列由翻转的凸缘26限定的开口25，用于接收所述模块组件的颈部22。联箱板的平主体部分24的下侧放置在最末端翼片19的台肩21上。每个联箱板23通过在颈部22和凸缘26的边缘处形成熔接接合部27被固定到模块组件的适当位置。所述熔接接合部27可以用传统的焊枪利用基本上与颈部和凸缘材料相当的部分制成。
【0020】用以形成熔接接合部27的材料足够厚以防止凸缘26或颈部22的破裂，尤其是防止熔融铝进入和可能地封闭孔15是重要的。已经发现所述凸缘和颈部厚度应该至少为0.090英寸(2.3毫米)。另外，最末端的翼片19大的厚度提供了对于联箱板23的支承以及帮助在熔接操作时隔离薄的中间翼片13防止过热。
【0021】联箱板23具有围绕中心主体部分24的圆周外边缘28，上部容器30附着于圆周外边缘28，上部容器30具有连续下边缘31，下边缘被定尺寸成紧密装配在联箱板外边缘28内，并且用气密焊接或熔接连接附着在其上。所述容器和焊接连接是铝。
【0022】下部联箱板23和容器32以相同的方式安装。为了完成所述热交换器10对于典型的进气冷却器的应用，底部容器32设有入口连接件，上部容器30设有出口连接件34。在组件10的相对边缘处的模块11的最远面部分14由侧板35覆盖。适当的安装架36可以通过焊接或机械紧固件被方便地附着于侧板35。
【0023】使用时，进气由压缩机加热到高温，常常超过600°F.(315℃.)。压缩机由涡轮驱动，涡轮由排气压力提供动力。所述加热压缩空气经由下部容器32中的入口连接件33进入所述组件。来自所述容器的气流被均匀地散布到所述模块11中的通孔15的下端，并且竖直向上地从那里流过并进入上部容器30。冷却的空气经由出口连接件34离开所述组件，如燃烧空气直接传递到发动机。所述进气冷却器10典型地安装到车辆上，以接收周围冷却空气通过狭槽17并经过模块的翼片13的直接流动。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于高温进气冷却器的热交换器，所述高温进气冷却器接收被加热到600°F.或更高温度的空气，所述热交换器包括：
多个大致矩形横截面的单一的管状铝热交换模块，每个模块在相对外面部分之间具有至少一个纵向通孔，面部分由相对边缘面连接，所述面部分设有多个平行于所述通孔延伸的凹槽；
实质上沿着所述模块的全长的所述外面部分具有形成在其中的狭槽，所述狭槽垂直于所述边缘面之间的所述通孔延伸，所述狭槽限定窄的热交换翼片，所述翼片具有齿形形状，在所述模块每端处的最末端的翼片具有比其之间的翼片更大的厚度并且终结于邻近的颈部，该颈部围绕并限定至所述通孔的端部开口，所述颈部具有至少约0.090英寸(2.3毫米)的壁厚；
所述多个模块设置得邻近模块的面部处于并置；
用于所述多个模块的每端的铝联箱板，每个联箱板具有多个由凸缘限定的开口并且被定尺寸成接收所述模块的颈部并将所述模块互连和保持在组件中，所述凸缘具有至少约0.090英寸(2.3毫米)的壁厚，每个联箱板支撑在最末端的翼片上并封闭由在邻近模块的颈部之间的齿型翼片限定的空间，和每个联箱板具有大致与所述组件的外周相重合的外围边缘；和
熔接铝接合部，实质上由相当的颈部材料和凸缘材料形成，所述接合部在每个凸缘和延伸通过其中的各个颈部之间提供气密接缝，并且将每个联箱板连接到所述组件上。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，包括具有沿着气密接合连接到每个联箱板的外围边缘的连续外边缘的容器。
3.如权利要求2所述的设备，其中所述容器用铝制成，并且所述气密接合包括铝焊接。
4.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述熔接铝接合部完全位于所述通孔的外侧。
CN200680039797A 2005-10-27 2006-10-20 用于进气冷却器的热交换器组件 Expired - Fee Related CN100590376C (zh)

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CA2625958A1 (en) 2007-05-03
US7422054B2 (en) 2008-09-09
WO2007050461A1 (en) 2007-05-03
CN100590376C (zh) 2010-02-17
DE602006007484D1 (de) 2009-08-06
AU2006306487B2 (en) 2010-05-27
AU2006306487A1 (en) 2007-05-03

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