CN101296105B - Multicast fast switching method and system, three-layer network appliance - Google Patents
Multicast fast switching method and system, three-layer network appliance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for switching multicast rapidly and a three-layer network equipment. In a virtual local area network (VLAN) of multicast services, if the three-layer network equipment where a querier positioned generates a topology change notification bridge protocol data unit (TCN BPDU) or receives a TCN BPDU, and then a query message is transmitted in the VLAN; as a designated router (DR) in the VLAN, the three-layer network equipment forms a link retransmission list according to a query report message sent by a receiving end after the receiving end receives the query message, and switches a multicast current onto a link corresponding to the link retransmission list for transmission. The method and the system of the invention adopt a more reasonable way to shorten the time of multicast switch, thus improving the continuity of the multicast services.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network communications technology field, particularly a kind of multicast fast switching method, system and three-layer network appliance.
Background technology
At present along with business such as Web TV (IPTV), video conference etc. are carried out, multicast service more and more is subjected to using widely on existing network, robustness in view of Network, require during network struction to carry out link backup or device backup in core layer, after a link failure or equipment are realized, do not influence original business like this thereby can switch on another link or another equipment.
Fig. 1 is a kind of network architecture commonly used, as shown in Figure 1, the three-tier switch that is positioned at core layer is that switch b and switch C backup each other, enable Virtual Router Redundacy Protocol (VRRP, VirtualRouter Redundancy Protocol), Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP, Spanning Tree Protocol), multicast routing protocol, IGMP (IGMP, Internet Group ManagementProtocol), multicast monitoring discovery protocol (MLD, Multicast Listener Discovery) etc., the switch A that is positioned at data center's Access Layer is a Layer 2 switch with the switch D that is positioned at User Access Layer, enables the Layer 2 Multicast Routing Protocol, STP agreement etc.
In the above-mentioned network architecture,, make multicast data flow finally arrive receiving terminal via switch A, switch b, switch D from multicast source by the configuration multicast routing protocol.Owing in Virtual Local Area Network, moved STP, after the link occurs fault between switch b and the switch D, switch b can be that the BD port is made as blocked state with the pairing port of faulty link in self, and the BC port is set to forwarding state from blocked state, very short from the perception link failure to the time of finishing the port setting, the common time that only needs about 200ms～2s.Yet after finishing this port and being provided with, multicast data flow can not be immediately arrives receiving terminal from multicast source via the link of switch A, switch b, switch C, switch D because this new link transmit as yet formation.The transmitting forming process and need experience following process of the link that this is new: the requestor of switch b place VLAN sends query message in this VLAN, be used for inquiring about the available link of VLAN, receiving terminal is replied the query report message after receiving this query message, the link of this query report message experience is via switch D, switch C, switch b, if switch b is the Designated Router (DR) among this VLAN, then switch b is set up the forwarding-table item of this new link according to this query report message.
Yet, because it is periodic that requestor sends query message, and the time interval is fixed as 60s, therefore, after finishing, the port setting may wait for that long time requestor just can send query message, causing needing to postpone behind link failure the long period can set up new link forwarding-table item, causes the discontinuous of multicast service in time of delay at this section.
In order to address this problem, two kinds of solutions mainly are provided in the prior art, one, be that the time interval that requestor sends query message is dwindled, for example, be contracted to 5s, but this can increase the flow of query message among the VLAN, correspondingly also can increase the flow of query report message among the VLAN, cause very big pressure can for the handling property of each switch.They are two years old, it is the forwarding-table item of pre-configured all of the port on switch, like this, when BD port wherein is set to blocked state, after the BC port is set to forwarding state, can use transmitting of BC port correspondence immediately, transmit and need not to set up new link by sending of query message, but transmitting of all of the port of configuration need be known the employed multicast group of multicast service in advance on switch in advance, and configuration effort is very complicated.As can be seen, thus two kinds of solutions of prior art all can not reasonably dwindle time that multicast switches and improve the continuity of multicast service.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of multicast fast switching method, system and three-layer network appliance, so that reasonably dwindle the time that multicast switches, thereby the continuity of raising multicast service.
A kind of multicast fast switching method, this method comprises:
In the virtual LAN VLAN of multicast service, if the three-layer network appliance at requestor place detects to generate topology change notification bridge protocol data unit TCN BPDU when the spanning-tree topology structure as the root bridge changes by periodically sending bridge protocol data unit B PDU, perhaps receive TCN BPDU, then in this VLAN, send query message;
The query report message that sends after receiving query message according to receiving terminal as the three-layer network appliance of Designated Router DR among this VLAN forms link and transmits, and multicast data flow is switched to this link transmits on the pairing link and send.
A kind of three-layer network appliance, this three-layer network appliance comprises: querying triggering unit and requestor;
Described querying triggering unit, being used at this three-layer network appliance is that the spanning-tree topology structure of root bridge generates topology change notification bridge protocol data unit TCN BPDU when changing by periodically sending that bridge protocol data unit B PDU detects with this three-layer network appliance, when perhaps receiving TCN BPDU, send trigger notice to described requestor;
Described requestor, be used to receive described trigger notice after, in the VLAN at this three-layer network appliance place, send query message.
The system that a kind of multicast switches fast, this system comprise the three-layer network appliance at requestor place and as the three-layer network appliance of Designated Router DR;
The three-layer network appliance at described requestor place, be used for detecting when the spanning-tree topology structure as the root bridge changes, to generate topology change notification bridge protocol data unit TCN BPDU by periodically sending bridge protocol data unit B PDU, when perhaps receiving TCN BPDU, in the VLAN at self place, send query message;
Described three-layer network appliance as DR is used for the query report message that sends according to receiving terminal after receiving query message, form link and transmit, and multicast data flow is switched to this link transmit on the pairing link and send.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, in method provided by the invention, system and three-layer network appliance, if the three-layer network appliance at requestor place generates TCN BPDU or receives TCNBPDU, then in VLAN, send query message, transmit and carry out multicast and switch so that can form link according to the query report message that receiving terminal returns as the three-layer network appliance of DR.Originally the STP agreement of independent operating and IGMP or MDL agreement were associated separately by the general in the present invention, trigger the transmission of query message by monitoring the mode that generates TCN BPDU or receive TCN BPDU, rather than, adopt the fixed cycle to send query message as IGMP in the prior art or MDL agreement independent operating.And, because the transmission cycle of TCN BPDU message has only about 1s usually, be far smaller than the transmission cycle of query message, thereby shortened the time interval between from the network topology change to the query message, sending, and, the present invention can not roll up the message traffic volume of three-layer network appliance, can the handling property of three-layer network appliance not posed a big pressure, do not need to carry out in advance complicated configuration effort yet, so, the present invention has adopted a kind of reasonable manner more to dwindle the time that multicast switches, thereby has improved the continuity of multicast service.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of multicast backup network Organization Chart commonly used;
The switch architecture figure that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Method provided by the invention mainly comprises: in the VLAN of multicast service, if the three-layer network appliance at requestor place generates topology change notification bridge protocol data unit (TCN BPDU, Topology Change Notification Bridge Protocol Data Unit) or receive TCNBPDU, in this VLAN, send query message; The query report message that sends after receiving query message according to receiving terminal as the three-layer network appliance of DR among this VLAN forms link and transmits, and multicast data flow is switched to this link transmits on the pairing link and send.
Wherein, in this VLAN, send query message can for: in this VLAN, send query message immediately after generating TCN BPDU or receiving TCN BPDU, also can after generating TCN BPDU or receiving TCN BPDU, wait for the time of setting, after treating the double layer network topological convergence, in this VLAN, send query message.In the following description, be example all to send query message immediately.
The network equipment of being mentioned in the said method can be switch or router etc., and three-layer network appliance can be thought three-tier switch or router etc., in the description of following examples, all is that example is described with the switch.
Below said method is described in detail, because in the VLAN of multicast service, each switch has moved the STP agreement, after the topological structure convergence that generates tree, be topological structure stable the time, root bridge exchange opportunity periodically sends bridge protocol data unit (BPDU, BridgeProtocol Data Unit) by each port and is used to monitor the topological structure that this generations is set, change in case generate the topological structure of tree, what experience topologies change at first is exactly root bridge switch; When root bridge switch monitors after the topological state that generates tree changes, generate TCN BPDU, generate in the tree at this by each port and send, variation has taken place in topological structure of notifying each switch to generate tree.
That is to say,, when switch generates TCN BPDU or receives TCN BPDU, illustrate that variation has taken place the spanning-tree topology structure among this VLAN, need carry out multicast and switch by this characteristic of STP agreement.For STP, in case root bridge switch, root port and designated port are elected successfully, then the topological structure that should generate tree is just set up, the network forward-path has just been determined in this VLAN, has only root port and designated port forwarding multicasting stream, other port all is in blocked state, but each port can receive the STP protocol massages.
Wherein, above-mentioned topologies change can comprise: the link occurs fault in the current generation tree, the switch in the current generation tree break down, port status in the current generation tree changes etc., these changes of topology structure all can cause the multicast data flow transmission link of current generation tree unavailable, need carry out multicast and switch.
For example, if the switch C shown in Fig. 1 is a root bridge switch, then switch C can periodically send BPDU with periodicity in setting as the generation of root bridge, and the transmission time interval of this BPDU is very short, has only about 1s usually.If switch D does not receive the BPDU message that switch b sends in setting-up time switch b is described and switch D between link break down, at this moment, switch b can report this fault message to give switch C, at this moment, switch C has just perceived from the spanning-tree topology structure as the root bridge variation to have taken place, need carry out multicast and switch, generate TCN BPDU and also in this generation tree, send by each port.
For more convenient the understanding of the present invention, at first requestor is carried out simple explanation.Have a requestor among the common VLAN, the function of requestor realizes by certain switch among the VLAN usually, and specifically the function which switch to possess requestor by is just to have determined when network struction.The switch at this requestor place might be a root bridge switch, also may be the nonroot bridge switch.
If the switch at requestor place is a root bridge switch, the switch C shown in Fig. 1 for example, if then the switch at this requestor place has generated TCN BPDU, illustrate that then variation has taken place the spanning-tree topology structure, this switch sends query message by the port of forwarding state immediately in VLAN.
If the switch at requestor place is the nonroot bridge switch, the switch b shown in Fig. 1 for example, if then this switch receives the TCN BPDU that switch C sends, illustrate that then variation has taken place the spanning-tree topology structure, this switch sends query message by the port of forwarding state immediately in VLAN.
Because root bridge switch sends the time interval of BPDU and has only Millisecond, and, monitor that topological structure changes and time of generating TCN BPDU also has only about 1s, therefore, adopt this method when topological structure changes, can make requestor send query message at short notice, reduce forming the time that new link is transmitted, shorten the delay that multicast switches.
In addition, each switch among this VLAN is after knowing that the topological structure that generates tree changes, the pairing port in multicast transmission path that breaks down is set to blocked state, and utilizes the port Provisioning Policy of STP, selects another port to be set to forwarding state.This part is a prior art, does not repeat them here.
Receiving terminal receives and replys the query report message after the query message, forms link as the switch of DR according to the query report message that receives and transmits, and utilize this link to transmit to send multicast data flow.Wherein, be to be responsible for the data of multicast source are sent to the switch that generates tree as the switch of DR, specifically which switch elects out by PIM agreement or other multicast protocols as DR.
Switch b for example shown in Figure 1 is behind the TCN BPDU that receives switch C transmission, and port BD is set to blocked state, and port BC is set to forwarding state; If B is DR, B is after receiving the query report message so, transmit according to replying query report message formation link, this link transmit link corresponding be switch b via switch C, switch D to receiving terminal, and utilize this link to transmit to send multicast data flow, if C is DR, C transmits according to replying query report message formation link after receiving the query report message so.
Wherein, when adopting IPv4, above-mentioned requestor is the igmp querying device, and the query message of transmission is the igmp querying message; When adopting IPv6, above-mentioned requestor is the MLD requestor, and the query message of transmission is the MLD query message.
In addition, because might being the switch that generates in the tree, the variation that the spanning-tree topology structure takes place breaks down, if script breaks down as the switch of requestor in the generation tree, then after topological structure changes, then can't in network, send query message, this just needs to consume and goes perception to break down as the switch of requestor for a long time, and this also can prolong the time that multicast switches.In order to prevent the generation of this situation, among the present invention, can also make all three-tier switch that enabled IGMP or MLD when generating TCN BPDU or receiving TCN BPDU, all in VLAN, send query message immediately, and the three-tier switch that all among this VLAN have enabled IGMP or MLD carries out the election of requestor again.Concrete election process can adopt way to elect of the prior art, be after three-tier switch receives query message, all source address and self the IP address with query message compares, the switch that finally elects IP address minimum is as requestor, the query message of in this election process, the using query message that to be exactly three-tier switch send when generating TCN BPDU or receiving TCN BPDU, thus can guarantee that requestor election and receiving terminal return continuity between the query report message according to the query message that receives.If the switch at original requestor place does not break down, the requestor that then elects remains this switch, if the switch at original requestor place breaks down, then can elect the switch that makes new advances as requestor.
Be example still with framework shown in Figure 1, when perceiving the spanning-tree topology structure, switch b and switch C change, when promptly generating TCN BPDU or receiving TCN BPDU, all in VLAN, send query message, and carry out the election of requestor again, if original requestor is switch C, if switch C breaks down, then re-elect switch b as requestor, if switch C does not break down, the switch C that then re-elects still is requestor.This mode changes as long as three-tier switch perceives the topological structure that generates tree, then all can send query message in VLAN, thus the problem of the multicast switching delay of having avoided the switch at original requestor place to break down being caused.
More than be the description that method of the present invention is carried out, below system provided by the invention and switch be described that system provided by the invention mainly comprises: the three-layer network appliance at requestor place and as the three-layer network appliance of PIMDR.
Wherein, the three-layer network appliance at requestor place is used for when generating TCN BPDU or receiving TCN BPDU, sends query message in the VLAN at self place.
As the three-layer network appliance of DR, be used for the query report message that after receiving query message, sends according to receiving terminal, form link and transmit, and multicast data flow is switched to this link transmit on the pairing link and send.
In addition, this system can also comprise: other three-layer network appliance except the three-layer network appliance at requestor place, be used for when generating TCN BPDU or receiving TCN BPDU, in the VLAN at place, sending query message, and carrying out the election of requestor again.
At this moment, the three-layer network appliance at requestor place also is used to utilize the query message that receives, and participates in the election of this requestor that carries out again.
The three-layer network appliance structure chart that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, this three-layer network appliance can comprise: querying triggering unit 201 and requestor 202.
Querying triggering unit 201 is used for sending trigger notice to requestor 202 when this three-layer network appliance generates TCN BPDU or receives TCN BPDU.
Because this three-layer network appliance in the network also may be simultaneously as the root bridge except as the requestor, at this moment, this three-layer network appliance can also comprise: topological monitoring means 203, topological notification unit 204.
Topology monitoring means 203 is used for monitoring with the spanning-tree topology structure of this three-layer network appliance as the root bridge by periodically sending BPDU.
In addition, the all-network equipment in the network all can possess port function is set when network topology change, and at this moment, three-layer network appliance can also comprise: port is provided with unit 205.
Querying triggering unit 201 also is used for when this three-layer network appliance generates TCN BPDU or receives TCN BPDU, to port unit 205 transmissions is set notice is set.
Port is provided with unit 205, be used to receive notice is set after, according to the port Provisioning Policy of STP corresponding ports is provided with.
In addition, this three-layer network appliance also may be simultaneously as PIM DR, and therefore, this three-layer network appliance can also comprise: transmit and form unit 206 and multicast data flow transmitting element 207.
Transmit and form unit 206, be used for forming link and transmit according to the query report message that receives.
Multicast data flow transmitting element 207 is used for that multicast data flow is switched to link and transmits on the pairing link and send.
In addition, when this three-layer network appliance can be used to realize to prevent technical scheme that requestor place three-layer network appliance breaks down, this three-layer network appliance can also comprise: query message retransmission unit 208 is used to receive query message and this query message is transmitted to next-hop network equipment;
Concrete election process can adopt way to elect of the prior art, and after promptly three-layer network appliance received query message, all source address and self the IP address with query message compared, and the three-layer network appliance that finally elects IP address minimum is as requestor.
By above description as can be seen, in method provided by the invention, system and three-layer network appliance, if the three-layer network appliance at requestor place generates TCN BPDU or receives TCN BPDU, then in VLAN, send query message, transmit and carry out multicast and switch so that can form link according to the query report message that receiving terminal returns as the three-layer network appliance of DR.Originally the STP agreement of independent operating and IGMP or MLD agreement were associated separately by the general in the present invention, trigger the transmission of query message by monitoring the mode that generates TCN BPDU or receive TCN BPDU, rather than, adopt the fixed cycle to send query message as IGMP in the prior art or MDL agreement independent operating.And, because the transmission cycle of TCN BPDU message has only about 1s usually, be far smaller than the transmission cycle of query message, thereby shortened the time interval between from the network topology change to the query message, sending, and, the present invention can not roll up the message traffic volume of three-layer network appliance, can the handling property of three-layer network appliance not posed a big pressure, do not need to carry out in advance complicated configuration effort yet, so, the present invention has adopted a kind of reasonable manner more to dwindle the time that multicast switches, thereby has improved the continuity of multicast service.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being made, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a multicast fast switching method is characterized in that, this method comprises:
In the virtual LAN VLAN of multicast service, if the three-layer network appliance at requestor place detects to generate topology change notification bridge protocol data unit TCN BPDU when the spanning-tree topology structure as the root bridge changes by periodically sending bridge protocol data unit B PDU, perhaps receive TCN BPDU, then in this VLAN, send query message;
The query report message that sends after receiving query message according to receiving terminal as the three-layer network appliance of Designated Router DR among this VLAN forms link and transmits, and multicast data flow is switched to this link transmits on the pairing link and send.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this method also comprises: the root bridge switch among the described VLAN monitors when changing as the spanning-tree topology structure of root bridge with self by periodically sending bridge protocol data unit B PDU, generate described TCN BPDU, and in described generation tree, send described TCN BPDU by each port.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described spanning-tree topology structure changes and comprises: the network equipment in the link occurs fault in the described generation tree, the described generation tree break down or described generation tree in the port status of the network equipment change.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this method also comprises: other except the three-layer network appliance at described requestor place enabled the three-layer network appliance of IGMP IGMP or multicast monitoring discovery protocol MLD when generating TCN BPDU or receiving TCN BPDU, also sends query message in described VLAN; And three-layer network appliances all among the described VLAN carry out the election of requestor again.
5. a three-layer network appliance is characterized in that, this three-layer network appliance comprises: querying triggering unit and requestor;
Described querying triggering unit, being used at this three-layer network appliance is that the spanning-tree topology structure of root bridge generates topology change notification bridge protocol data unit TCN BPDU when changing by periodically sending that bridge protocol data unit B PDU detects with this three-layer network appliance, when perhaps receiving TCN BPDU, send trigger notice to described requestor;
Described requestor, be used to receive described trigger notice after, in the VLAN at this three-layer network appliance place, send query message.
6. three-layer network appliance according to claim 5 is characterized in that, this three-layer network appliance also comprises: topological monitoring means, topological notification unit;
Described topological monitoring means is used for by periodically sending the BPDU monitoring with the spanning-tree topology structure of this three-layer network appliance as the root bridge;
Described topological notification unit is used for monitoring described spanning-tree topology structure when changing at described topological monitoring means, generates described TCN BPDU, and sends described TCN BPDU by each port in described generation tree.
7. three-layer network appliance according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described three-layer network appliance also comprises: transmit and form unit and multicast data flow transmitting element;
The described formation unit of transmitting is used for forming link according to the query report message that receives and transmits;
Described multicast data flow transmitting element is used for that multicast data flow is switched to described link and transmits on the pairing link and send.
8. three-layer network appliance according to claim 5 is characterized in that, this three-layer network appliance also comprises: the query message retransmission unit is used to receive query message and this query message that receives is transmitted to next-hop network equipment;
The election unit is used to the query message of utilizing described query message retransmission unit to receive, carries out the election of requestor again.
9. the system switched fast of a multicast is characterized in that, this system comprises the three-layer network appliance at requestor place and as the three-layer network appliance of Designated Router DR;
The three-layer network appliance at described requestor place, be used for detecting when the spanning-tree topology structure as the root bridge changes, to generate topology change notification bridge protocol data unit TCN BPDU by periodically sending bridge protocol data unit B PDU, when perhaps receiving TCN BPDU, in the VLAN at self place, send query message;
Described three-layer network appliance as DR is used for the query report message that sends according to receiving terminal after receiving query message, form link and transmit, and multicast data flow is switched to this link transmit on the pairing link and send.
10. system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, this system also comprises: other except the three-layer network appliance at described requestor place enabled the three-layer network appliance of IGMP IGMP or multicast monitoring discovery protocol MLD, be used for when generating TCN BPDU or receiving TCNBPDU, in the VLAN at place, send query message, and carry out the election of requestor again;
The three-layer network appliance at described requestor place also is used to utilize the query message that receives, and participates in the election of the described requestor that carries out again.
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| US8861338B2 (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2014-10-14 | Avaya Inc. | Routed split multilink trunking for IPv6 |
| CN102891771B (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2016-03-02 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Monitoring ring network fault detection and location warning device, system and method |
| CN105472305A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2016-04-06 | 巫立斌 | High definition video conference network |
| CN105812267B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2019-02-19 | 新华三技术有限公司 | A kind of multicast tree switching method and device |
| CN105812268B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2019-05-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of method and forwarding device of rapidly converging multicast |
| CN110324247B (en) * | 2019-06-29 | 2021-11-09 | 北京东土军悦科技有限公司 | Multicast forwarding method, device and storage medium in three-layer multicast network |
| CN111600800B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2022-06-28 | 武汉迈威通信股份有限公司 | Method and device for discovering cross-network-segment topology |
| CN112217722A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-12 | 北京东土军悦科技有限公司 | Multicast switching method, device, equipment and medium in VRRP network environment |
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