CN101295867A - Overload protecting switch device - Google Patents
Overload protecting switch device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101295867A CN101295867A CNA2007100975317A CN200710097531A CN101295867A CN 101295867 A CN101295867 A CN 101295867A CN A2007100975317 A CNA2007100975317 A CN A2007100975317A CN 200710097531 A CN200710097531 A CN 200710097531A CN 101295867 A CN101295867 A CN 101295867A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an overload protection switch device which comprises a base, an upper cove, a circuit board positioned between the base and the upper cover, and a power supply switch connected to the circuit of the circuit board. When a button arranged on the upper cover is pushed, the power supply switch can be pushed. The circuit structure of the circuit board comprises a commutating and voltage-stabilizing unit, a load voltage sampling unit, an operating unit and a relay. The load voltage sampling unit retrieves load sampling voltage on a load circuit and transmits the voltage to the operating unit; the operating unit compares the load sampling voltage with a reference voltage, and when the load sampling voltage is less than the reference voltage, the relay maintains the switch-on of the load circuit; and when the load sampling voltage is more than the reference voltage, the operating unit drives the relay to cut off the load circuit. Therefore, the switch device can simply detect whether the load of electrical appliances exceeds the rated load of the circuit so as to achieve the purpose of saving energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is about a kind of overload protecting circuit and the switching device that is equiped with this kind circuit, cuts off circuit in the time of can surpassing the rated value that this circuit sets in the load of electrical equipment.
Background technology
Use many electrical appliances in the daily life.Because employed alternating current is the voltage of quota in the family,, promptly can consume more electric current and more power consumption when the power of employed electrical appliance is bigger.
Because natural resources is limited,, will cause the acceleration consume of the energy if employed electrical appliance is high-power person.Energy savings has become widespread consensus, and majority are ready to use the electrical appliance of smaller power, simultaneously, some countries is also arranged in the regulation of formulating or encourage to use small-power electrical equipment articles for use.Yet, though many people have the inclination energy savings, do not notice that the power of electrical appliance indicates, the phenomenon of misuse high-power electric appliance articles for use is still often arranged.Therefore, this kind human negligence promptly causes the consumption of the energy.For solving this disappearance, be necessary to come interpretation, to avoid human error with the equipment of a simple operations.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of overload protecting circuit and switching device thereof, whether surpasses nominal load in order to the load of judging electrical appliance.When if this electrical appliance surpasses this rated value, the effect of overload protection will be produced.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of overload protecting switch device includes:
One base is provided with a switch base;
One circuit board is installed on this base, and this circuit board is provided with a circuit structure, and this circuit comprises:
One rectification stable pressuring unit connects AC power, so that direct voltage to be provided;
One load voltage sampling unit, it has a dividing potential drop sampling point, to obtain a load sampling voltage;
One running unit has at least one operational amplifier and at least one benchmark comparative voltage; This load voltage sampling unit is connected with this running unit, and the load sampling voltage is sent to this running unit; This running unit is the size of this load sampling voltage and this benchmark comparative voltage relatively;
One relay is connected with the output of this running unit; Keep connecting load circuit under its normality; When this load sampling voltage during less than this benchmark comparative voltage, this relay is connected circuit; When this load sampling voltage was higher than this benchmark comparative voltage, this running unit ordered about this relay and cuts off load circuit;
One mains switch is installed in the switch base of this base, and is connected with this circuit, when load circuit transships, this switch is switched to OFF, can remove this running unit and order about the state that this relay cuts off load circuit, makes this relay reply and connects load circuit;
One loam cake is established a through hole in end face, and this loam cake is covered on this base; This mains switch is arranged in this through hole;
One button is installed in the through hole of this loam cake, can move up and down along this through hole; Can press this mains switch when pushing this button;
One flexible member is located in this loam cake, and the one end peaks at this button, makes the displacement that keeps up of this button.
Wherein: this circuit board is provided with a perforation; This switch base is arranged in this perforation.
Wherein: this switch base end face is arranged with a space; This mains switch is installed in this space.
Wherein: the through hole of this loam cake has a hole wall that extends downwards; Some upright chutes, this hole wall is located in the compartment of terrain; This button is the cylindric of the saturating sky in bottom surface, and its periphery is provided with some lifting lugs, is embedded in these chutes respectively.
Wherein: this load voltage sampling unit detects load voltage with resistance-type.
Wherein: this dividing potential drop sampling point of this load voltage sampling unit has a variable resistor, can adjust the magnitude of voltage of this load sampling voltage; This benchmark comparative voltage is provided by the step-down of VCC voltage through resistance.
Wherein: this running unit comprises: an overload comparing unit, an overload are from a lock unit and a driver element; This overload comparing unit has a benchmark comparative voltage; This overload comparing unit is connected with this load voltage sampling unit, in order to relatively this load sampling voltage and this reference voltage; This overload is connected in this overload comparing unit from lock unit, and it has a feedback loop, when load circuit transships, keeps self-locking state; The input of this driver element is connected in this overload from lock unit, and its output is connected in this relay, when overload, and this relay of this drive unit drives.
Wherein: this running unit comprises: an overload comparing unit, an overload are from a lock unit and a driver element; This overload comparing unit has one first benchmark comparative voltage, is connected in an input of this overload comparing unit; Another input of this overload comparing unit is connected with this load voltage sampling unit; This overload is connected with the output of this overload comparing unit from the input of lock unit, and the output from lock unit of transshipping is divided into two the tunnel, the one tunnel and forms a feedback loop, and another road is connected in the input of this driver element; The output of this driver element is connected in this relay element, when overload, and this relay element of this drive unit drives.
Wherein: this running unit has in addition: one second benchmark comparative voltage is parallel to this overload from an input of lock unit and an input of this driver element; This overload is connected with the output of this overload comparing unit from another input of lock unit; Another input of this driver element is connected with the output of this overload from lock unit.
Wherein: the running unit more includes: a filter unit is connected in this overload comparing unit and this overload between lock unit;
Wherein: connect an electric crystal between this running unit and this relay.
By this, whether the load that this switching device can simply be differentiated electrical appliance surpasses the nominal load of this circuit, reaches the purpose of energy savings.
Be the effect that makes the auditor further understand purpose of the present invention, feature and to be reached, below lift preferred embodiment of the present invention now, and after cooperating graphic being described in more detail in.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the exploded perspective view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the profile of the 3-3 hatching line of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the bottom view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the overload protecting switch device 80 that a preferred embodiment of the present invention provided, it is connected with electrical appliance, with electrical equipment as load.This switching device 80 has a circuit board 100, is printed with circuit on this circuit board and installs some electronic components.The circuit of present embodiment at first is described.
See also Fig. 5, this circuit 20 consists predominantly of: a rectification stable pressuring unit 30, a load voltage sampling unit 40, a running unit 50 and a relay 60.This running unit 50 has an IC comparator, and the user of present embodiment institute is that model is: the integrated circuit of LM324.This comparator has 4 operational amplifier: IC1 to IC4, and 14 pins.
This rectification stable pressuring unit 30 is connected in the input of alternating current, alternating current (for example 120AV) rectifying and voltage-stabilizing is become direct voltage (for example 12VDC or 24VDC), as the required operating voltage of circuit of the present invention.Alternating current is a direct current through diode C2, C3, C7 and ZD (Zener (Zener) diode) filtering voltage regulation after capacitor C 1, resistance R 1 capacitance-resistance step-down, resistance R 13 current-limiting protections, diode D1, D2 halfwave rectifier again.Present embodiment is more established a three terminal regulator U2 in rectification unit, to provide more accurate, stable operating voltage to the VCC circuit.
This load voltage sampling unit 40 is connected in the input of AC power, has resistance R 2, resistance R 3 and a variable resistor VR.R2 produces pressure drop when load condition; Diode D3 and D4 provide big electric current or high voltage protective effect, and measure against electrical leakage flows through greatly.This resistance R 3 and variable resistor VA form a dividing potential drop sampling point 42, to obtain a load sampling voltage.The magnitude of voltage of this load sampling voltage can be adjusted by this variable resistor VR, with the electrical appliance in response to all kinds of different capacities.For example, for bulb or the less electrical equipment of electric fan constant power, the dividing potential drop of sampling can be adjusted into lower numerical value; For electric heater, electrical equipment that the grill pan constant power is bigger, then the dividing potential drop of sampling can be adjusted into higher numerical value.The dividing potential drop sampling point 42 of this sampling unit 40 is connected in the pin 3 of the comparator of this running unit 50, is the electrode input end of first group of operational amplifier IC1.
One capacitor C 4 and a resistance R 4 are connected in 50 of dividing potential drop sampling point 42 and this running unit, to provide filter action to sampling unit 40, prevent that bad signal from producing misoperation.
This running unit 50 comprises the plurality of sub unit, is respectively: overload comparing unit 52, overload are from lock unit 54 and driver element 56.This overload comparing unit 52 comprises: first group of operational amplifier IC1 and resistance R 5 and R6.The pin 3 (electrode input end) of IC1 is connected in this sampling unit 40.This two resistance R 5, R6 form one first benchmark (comparison) voltage 53, and the contact between this two resistance is connected in the pin 2 (negative input) of IC1 certainly.VCC voltage is through R5 step-down, R6 dividing potential drop, for the pin 2 of IC1 provides a benchmark (comparison) voltage.This overload is connected in this overload comparing unit 52 from lock unit 54, it comprises: second group of operational amplifier IC2, the 3rd group of operational amplifier IC3, the pin 5 (electrode input end) of this IC2 is connected with the output (pin 1) of the IC1 of overload comparing unit 52, and IC2 pin 7 (output) is connected in the pin 10 (electrode input end) of IC3.One resistance R 11 and a resistance R 12 form one second benchmark (comparison) voltage 55, and this two contact is parallel to the pin 13 (negative input) of the IC4 of the pin 9 (negative input) of pin 6 (negative input), IC3 of IC2 and driver element (56) certainly.The output of this IC3 (pin 8) forms two along separate routes, and one connects diode D6 and resistance R 10 along separate routes, and the multiply-connected pin 5 that is connected to IC2 forms a feedback loop feedback effect is provided; Another then is coupled directly to next stage operational amplifier, i.e. IC4 along separate routes.The pin 12 (electrode input end) of the IC4 of this driver element 56 is connected with upper level fortune amplifier; Its pin 14 (output) is connected in aforesaid relay 60.Present embodiment connects an electric crystal Q1 between IC4 and relay 60, the base stage of electric crystal Q1 connects IC4, and its collection utmost point then is connected in relay 60.
In addition, the running unit 50 of present embodiment more includes: a filter unit 58 is connected between IC1 and the IC2, and filter action is provided.
This relay 60 can be electronic type or mechanical relay element, and its two end is connected to running unit 50 and alternating current output.During relay 60 normalities of present embodiment is normally closed, connects circuit.
One mains switch 70 is connected in the input of alternating current, in order to the open and close of control circuit.One piezo-resistance VAR provides the lightning protection effect.
The flowing mode of doing of this circuit below is described.The circuit of switching device of the present invention can be applicable to various electrical appliance, and current limliting (current limit) effect is provided.At different electrical appliances, can set different power-handling capabilities, for example 190 watts or 240 watts etc. are not only as limit.When the consumed power of electrical equipment surpasses the rated power of circuit, the present invention will cut off circuit.
At first cutting this switch 70 is the ON state.In the time of in the load of employed electrical equipment is in the rated power scope that circuit 20 sets, circuit 20 is an operate as normal.During load, load current produces pressure drop in R2 two ends, and this dividing potential drop sampling point 42 produces dividing potential drop sampling actions, with the voltage input running unit 50 of sampling, via the pin 3 of the IC1 of overload comparing unit 52 and pin 2 relatively.In loading on the rated power scope, the voltage of the pin 3 of IC1 is lower than first reference voltage 53 that pin 2 is connected, and the contact 62 of relay 60 is normally closed, and circuit is connected, and keeps operating state.The characteristics of overload comparing unit 52 are that the peak values of ac voltage of electric circuit inspection R2 and the reference dc voltage of pin 2 are made comparisons.
When if the load of employed electrical equipment surpasses the nominal working range of circuit, the pressure drop that resistance R 2 two ends produce is promptly corresponding to strengthen, make the voltage of IC1 pin 3 of overload comparing unit 52 be higher than the reference voltage 53 of IC1 pin 2, the pin 1 output high level of IC1, circuit enters overload.
From IC1 pin 1 output high level, make the D5 conducting, enter the pin 5 of overload from second group of operational amplifier IC2 of lock unit 54, pin 5 voltages of IC2 are higher than second reference voltage 55 that pin 6 is connected, the pin 7 of IC2 is exported high level, directly enters the pin 10 of the 3rd group of operational amplifier IC3.Simultaneously, the voltage of the pin 10 of IC3 is higher than the voltage of pin 9, make pin 8 output HIGH voltages and be divided into two the tunnel, one the road feeds back to the pin 5 of IC2 from D6 and R10, advance to make the pin 7 and 8 of IC2 and IC3 to export the high pressure position all the time, form self-locking work until circuit breaker, must could remove self-locking state by VCC voltage discharge off.
Another road of pin 8 directly enters the pin 12 of IC4, and in relatively descending of IC4, to electric crystal Q1, circuit promotes relay 60 by Q1 and makes contact 64 under overload, cuts off load circuit from pin 14 output voltages, and electrical appliance promptly can't start.
Load circuit under the state of overload by automatic disconnection after, overload keeps self-locking states from lock unit 54, makes the contact 14 of IC4 still keep the output high level, relay 60 keeps the cut-out load circuits.The present invention utilizes simple feedback system to form self-locking work, makes electrical equipment surpassing under the state of load and can't using, and guarantees the purpose of working load under rated power, with energy savings.
When desiring to make these circuit 20 resumption of service, the user must stop the supply of alternating current, and switch 70 is switched to OFF, to cut off the electricity supply.Outage to be cut source is after the several seconds, and relay 60 is replied normally off and made contact 62, and simultaneously, the bearing power that reduces electrical equipment is to the rated power scope, and the energized beginning can be replied normal condition once more.
The capacitor C 4 and the R4 system that are located at 50 of load voltage sampling unit 40 and running unit disturb in order to ripple in the elimination sampling unit 40, in case noise signal produces misoperation; And prevent that the instantaneous voltage electric current from producing the interference to circuit.In addition, when overload,, eliminate the misoperation that ripple disturbs and the load surge current is produced through filter unit 58 shaping filters from the high level that IC1 pin 1 is exported.Acting as of this filter unit 58: when C4 and R4 can't eliminate interference to special circumstances, the temporary impact that produces of capacitive load, inductive load, comprehensive working load for example, when causing IC1 to produce misoperation, discharge and recharge under the effect at C5, C6 and R7, can't make the D5 conducting, can not enter next stage comparison amplifier IC2, to improve whole antijamming capability of circuit and stability.
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 2 again, the structure of switching device 80 of the present invention includes:
One base 90 is established a switch base 92 in central authorities; One space 94, these switch base 92 end faces are arranged with downwards certainly.
One circuit board 100 is provided with foregoing circuit 20 and associated electrical part, and it is installed on this base, and is set in the reference column 97 of base 90 with the hole 102 in its four corners.Circuit board 100 central authorities also establish a perforation 104 and stretch through for these switch bases 92, as Fig. 3.
Two electric wires 105,106 are welded in this circuit board 100, are connected to the power input and the output of this circuit 20.Two wire clamps 107 are connected with two tension seats 108 of base respectively by screw, use and clamp this two electric wire 105,106, as Fig. 3.
Above-mentioned mains switch 70 is to push step switch in present embodiment, be installed in the space 94 of switch base 92 of base 90, recessed 95 of projection 72 flush switch seats 92 2 sidewalls of its two side, the front and back biend of switch 70 then spiral shell is established two-screw 74, this two-screw penetrates recessed 96 of switch base biend respectively, and being packed in the switch base end face, this switch 70 is connected with circuit on the circuit board 100.
One loam cake 110 is established a through hole 112 in end face central authorities, and this through hole 112 also has a hole wall 113 that extends downwards, and as shown in Figure 3, this hole wall 113 is provided with some chutes longitudinally 114.This loam cake 110 is covered on this base 90, and is buckled in the button hole 98 of base with three set lifting lugs 116 of its root edge, as Fig. 4.This two electric wire 105,106 passes from two breach 118 of loam cake root edge respectively.These switch 70 tops are one to press portion 75, are arranged in this through hole 112.
One button 120 cylindraceous is provided with three lifting lugs 122 in periphery, and this button 120 is installed in the through hole 112 of this loam cake 110, and its lifting lug 122 also is embedded in the chute 114 of through hole, and this button can be moved up and down along these chutes.Can press the portion that presses 75 of this switch 70 when pushing this button 120.
One spring 125 is installed in this through hole 112, and its two end is butted on this button 120 and this switch 70 respectively, and its elastic energy keeps button 120 is upwards passed.
This switching device 80 is connected in electrical appliance, and when the use power overrate of electrical equipment causes circuit 20 overloads and when cutting off load circuit, the user can push this button 120 and press this switch 70 and be the OFF state, cuts off AC power; After the reduction appliance power of waiting was got rid of overload, the push switch device 80 once more, and the state that makes switch 70 reply ON recloses AC power, can make circuit 20 start again.
Circuit provided by the present invention is available for users to simply differentiate employed electrical appliance and whether surpasses nominal load, uses and reduces artificial carelessness.
The present invention can obtain more stable detecting result and start result with the reference voltage of resistance-type load detecting and resistance-type.
The above person only is a concrete enforcement structure of the present invention, when not limiting scope of the present invention with this.Any simple modification or equivalence of doing according to technology contents of the present invention changes, and all still belongs to the scope that the present invention is contained.For example, change the relay of present embodiment the relay of electromagnetic type into, and can be in response to the pattern of relay, order running unit comes engage relay with the output high level; Or engage relay etc. during output voltage not.
Claims (11)
1. overload protecting switch device includes:
One base is provided with a switch base;
One circuit board is installed on this base, and this circuit board is provided with a circuit structure, and this circuit comprises:
One rectification stable pressuring unit connects AC power, so that direct voltage to be provided;
One load voltage sampling unit, it has a dividing potential drop sampling point, to obtain a load sampling voltage;
One running unit has at least one operational amplifier and at least one benchmark comparative voltage; This load voltage sampling unit is connected with this running unit, and the load sampling voltage is sent to this running unit; This running unit is the size of this load sampling voltage and this benchmark comparative voltage relatively;
One relay is connected with the output of this running unit; Keep connecting load circuit under its normality; When this load sampling voltage during less than this benchmark comparative voltage, this relay is connected circuit; When this load sampling voltage was higher than this benchmark comparative voltage, this running unit ordered about this relay and cuts off load circuit;
One mains switch is installed in the switch base of this base, and is connected with this circuit, when load circuit transships, this switch is switched to OFF, can remove this running unit and order about the state that this relay cuts off load circuit, makes this relay reply and connects load circuit;
One loam cake is established a through hole in end face, and this loam cake is covered on this base; This mains switch is arranged in this through hole;
One button is installed in the through hole of this loam cake, can move up and down along this through hole; Can press this mains switch when pushing this button;
One flexible member is located in this loam cake, and the one end peaks at this button, makes the displacement that keeps up of this button.
2. overload protecting switch device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: this circuit board is provided with a perforation; This switch base is arranged in this perforation.
3. overload protecting switch device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: this switch base end face is arranged with a space; This mains switch is installed in this space.
4. overload protecting switch device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the through hole of this loam cake has a hole wall that extends downwards; Some upright chutes, this hole wall is located in the compartment of terrain; This button is the cylindric of the saturating sky in bottom surface, and its periphery is provided with some lifting lugs, is embedded in these chutes respectively.
5. overload protecting switch device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: this load voltage sampling unit detects load voltage with resistance-type.
6. overload protecting switch device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: this dividing potential drop sampling point of this load voltage sampling unit has a variable resistor, can adjust the magnitude of voltage of this load sampling voltage; This benchmark comparative voltage is provided by the step-down of VCC voltage through resistance.
7. overload protecting switch device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: this running unit comprises: an overload comparing unit, an overload are from a lock unit and a driver element; This overload comparing unit has a benchmark comparative voltage; This overload comparing unit is connected with this load voltage sampling unit, in order to relatively this load sampling voltage and this reference voltage; This overload is connected in this overload comparing unit from lock unit, and it has a feedback loop, when load circuit transships, keeps self-locking state; The input of this driver element is connected in this overload from lock unit, and its output is connected in this relay, when overload, and this relay of this drive unit drives.
8. overload protecting switch device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: this running unit comprises: an overload comparing unit, an overload are from a lock unit and a driver element; This overload comparing unit has one first benchmark comparative voltage, is connected in an input of this overload comparing unit; Another input of this overload comparing unit is connected with this load voltage sampling unit; This overload is connected with the output of this overload comparing unit from the input of lock unit, and the output from lock unit of transshipping is divided into two the tunnel, the one tunnel and forms a feedback loop, and another road is connected in the input of this driver element; The output of this driver element is connected in this relay element, when overload, and this relay element of this drive unit drives.
9. overload protecting switch device as claimed in claim 8, wherein: this running unit has in addition: one second benchmark comparative voltage is parallel to this overload from an input of lock unit and an input of this driver element; This overload is connected with the output of this overload comparing unit from another input of lock unit; Another input of this driver element is connected with the output of this overload from lock unit.
10. overload protecting switch device as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the running unit more includes: a filter unit is connected in this overload comparing unit and this overload between lock unit.
11. overload protecting switch device as claimed in claim 7, wherein: connect an electric crystal between this running unit and this relay.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100975317A CN101295867A (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Overload protecting switch device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100975317A CN101295867A (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Overload protecting switch device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101295867A true CN101295867A (en) | 2008-10-29 |
Family
ID=40065961
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100975317A Pending CN101295867A (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Overload protecting switch device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101295867A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105161932A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-16 | 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 | Push-type switching device and electronic equipment |
| CN105490262A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-13 | 史晓平 | System and method for load monitoring of smart home |
| CN114089226A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-02-25 | 成都市安比科技有限公司 | Active load detection circuit with anti-static damage and controllable overcurrent protection functions |
-
2007
- 2007-04-27 CN CNA2007100975317A patent/CN101295867A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105161932A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-16 | 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 | Push-type switching device and electronic equipment |
| CN105225874A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2016-01-06 | 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 | Press switch device and electronic equipment |
| CN105490262A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-13 | 史晓平 | System and method for load monitoring of smart home |
| CN114089226A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-02-25 | 成都市安比科技有限公司 | Active load detection circuit with anti-static damage and controllable overcurrent protection functions |
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Open date: 20081029 |