CN101293983A - Expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN101293983A
CN101293983A CNA2007100988497A CN200710098849A CN101293983A CN 101293983 A CN101293983 A CN 101293983A CN A2007100988497 A CNA2007100988497 A CN A2007100988497A CN 200710098849 A CN200710098849 A CN 200710098849A CN 101293983 A CN101293983 A CN 101293983A
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weight part
flame
weight
proof polypropelene
polypropylene
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CN101293983B (en
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金滟
蔡涛
康兴川
刘善元
丁树岩
张静
陈绍梅
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
China Petrochemical Corp
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Abstract

The invention relates to an expansive flame-retardant polypropylene composition and a production method thereof. The composition comprises the following components: 100 weight parts of polypropylene, 10-30 weight parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 3.3-10 weight parts of pentaerythritol, 6.6-20 weight parts of melamine cyanurate, 0.5-5 weight parts of silicone rubber and 0.5-5 weight parts of montmorillonite. The total additional amount of ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine cyanurate is at least 31 weight parts. The production method comprises the following steps: proportioning the components according to the weight parts, melting, mixing, extruding, and granulating. The composition has better flame retardation, good processability and mechanical property. The production method is simple and reliable.

Description

A kind of expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polypropylene of modification, say further, relate to a kind of expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Polypropylene (PP) is because of its cheap price, and advantages such as good comprehensive performances occupy an important position in resins for universal use.It is reported that global in recent years polypropylene consumption has reached 22000kt/.As a kind of general-purpose plastics, polypropylene is not only processed easy to use, and has very superior dielectric properties, thereby be widely used in fields such as electronic apparatus, telecommunication, chemical fibre, oil, chemical industry, environmental protection, automobile, because its distinctive no hygroscopicity, can be anti-150 ℃ under non-loaded situation, its application percentage in household electrical appliances is increased day by day.Yet polypropylene is an inflammable material, its oxygen index has only 17.4, heat release rate is big during burning, the calorific value height, produce a large amount of molten drops during burning, flame propagation speed is difficult for extinguishing, often because of reason fire hazardous such as high pressure, heating discharges, this has limited the application of polypropylene at appliance field to a certain extent during as electrical accessorie.Along with the continuous growth of global polypropylene consumption, the cry that polypropylene is carried out necessary fire-retardant finish is also more and more higher.
What the polypropylene flame redardant great majority used is the flame-retardant system of addition type.Its flame resistant method mainly contains following several: halogen is polypropylene flame redardant, inorganics polypropylene flame redardant, phosphorous flame-retardant polypropylene, expanded flame-retardant polypropylene etc.
Wherein the halogenated flame retardant application and development is the widest, the technology comparative maturity, flame retarding efficiency is higher, but the halogenated flame retardant amount of being fuming is big, and the hydrogen halide that discharges has severe corrosive, is hiding secondary harm, and " Dioxin " problem that exists after the pyrolysis of polybromodiphenyl ether fire retardant material, environmental pollution is more serious, and these have all more and more limited the use of halogenated flame retardant.
Inorganic combustion inhibitor is mainly the oxyhydroxide of aluminium, magnesium, boron, antimony and molybdenum etc. and the hydrate of oxide compound.Compare with organic fire-retardant, inorganic combustion inhibitor has that stability is high, not volatile, flue gas toxity is low and low cost and other advantages, have simultaneously fire-retardant, but the effect of cigarette.But inorganic combustion inhibitor is competence exertion flame retardant effect when adding heavy dose only, and Da Jiliang interpolation fire retardant certainly will have influence on mechanical property, the especially resistance to impact shock of PP like this.
Phosphorus flame retardant (as ammonium polyphosphate, phosphoric acid, red phosphorus etc.) can be used for polypropylene flame redardant.Phosphonium flame retardant is divided into organic and inorganic phosphorated fire retardant.For polypropylene, because the molecular structure of itself does not have oxygen containing group, flame retardant effect is not good when using phosphorus flame retardant separately, needs and Al (OH) 3And Mg (OH) 2Can produce synergistic effect etc. composite.
Expansion type flame retardant generally comprises acid source, source of the gas, charcoal source three parts, and it is fire-retardant mostly to be the P-N synergistic, is a class BACN.It is heat insulation that halogen-free expanded flame-retardant polypropylene can form layer of even at material surface when being subjected to heat-flash or burning; the porous carbonaceous foam protectiveness charcoal layer of oxygen barrier; can obviously improve the flame retardant resistance of material; improve flame retarding efficiency; it is complete Halogen; environment amenable anti-flaming polypropylene material; yet polypropylene is nonpolar; become the polymer materials of charcoal during burning hardly; can reach the UL94V-0 grade standard after often need adding more fire retardant therein; and add heavy dose of expanding fire retardant when obtaining good flame retardant effect; damaged the often sustain damage of performance, especially mechanical property of polypropylene material itself.
In the expanded flame-retardant polypropylene system except that expanding fire retardant is improved, add into the charcoal synergist, can obviously improve the flame retarding efficiency of flame-retardant system, promote the fast rapid-result charcoal of products of combustion, to reduce the add-on of expanding fire retardant in Halogen, the expanded flame-retardant polypropylene system, obviously improve the processing characteristics and the mechanical property of polypropylene flame redardant system, become the focus of present polypropylene flame redardant area research.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of existing flame retardant properties preferably, and expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition of good processing properties and mechanical property and preparation method thereof is arranged again.
Expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition of the present invention comprises following component: polypropylene (PP), 100 weight parts; Ammonium polyphosphate (APP), the 10-30 weight part; Tetramethylolmethane (PER), the 3.3-10 weight part; Melamine cyanurate (MCA), the 6.6-20 weight part; Silicon rubber, the 0.5-5 weight part; Polynite (MMT), the 0.5-5 weight part; The interpolation total amount of described ammonium polyphosphate, tetramethylolmethane and melamine cyanurate is at least 31 weight parts.
The preparation method of expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition of the present invention comprises: each component that will include described polypropylene, ammonium polyphosphate, tetramethylolmethane, melamine cyanurate, silicon rubber and polynite is extruded, after the granulation, is made flame-proof polypropelene composition of the present invention than melt blending by described set of dispense.
In the present invention:
Acrylic resin comprises the disclosed various types of acrylic resins of prior art, comprises homo-polypropylene and Co-polypropylene resin etc.
Ammonium polyphosphate can be the ammonium polyphosphate of commercially available high-polymerization degree, and the polymerization degree is greater than 1000, P 2O 5Content is greater than 71%, and density is 1.9g/cm 3, decomposition temperature is greater than 270 ℃, and solubleness is less than 0.1g/100mlH 2O (25 ℃), median size is at 15um.In acrylic resin is 100 weight parts, and described ammonium polyphosphate is the 10-30 weight part, is preferably the 15-30 weight part.
Tetramethylolmethane can be commercially available general tetramethylolmethane.In acrylic resin is 100 weight parts, and described tetramethylolmethane is the 3.3-10 weight part, is preferably the 5-9 weight part.
Melamine cyanurate can be commercially available general melamine cyanurate.Use the source of the gas of melamine cyanurate as expanding fire retardant, compare with the trimeric cyanamide that tradition is used, the outward appearance of polypropylene flame redardant is desirable more.In acrylic resin is 100 weight parts, and described melamine cyanurate is the 6.6-20 weight part, is preferably the 10-18 weight part.
It is main flame retardant that the present invention adopts the halogen-free expansion fire retardant (high-polymerization degree ammonium polyphosphate, tetramethylolmethane, melamine cyanurate) of the ternary component of heatproof, optimization, its preferred weight proportioning ammonium polyphosphate: tetramethylolmethane: melamine cyanurate is (3~5): (1~3): (1~5), along with this proportioning difference, the interpolation total amount that reaches the main flame retardant of fire-retardant V-0 level also has nothing in common with each other, described interpolation total amount is at least 31 weight parts, preferred 32-44 weight part.Wherein when ammonium polyphosphate: tetramethylolmethane: when the weight proportion of melamine cyanurate was 3: 1: 2, it added minimum 31 weight parts that reach of total amount.
Silicon rubber can pass through commercially available getting, and can also adopt the prepared fully sulfurized silicon rubber powder according to the applicant's Chinese patent ZL01801656.1, and its median size≤1 μ is preferably between 0.05 μ-0.2 μ; Gel content 〉=60 weight %, preferred gel content 〉=75 weight %, described fully sulfurized silicon rubber powder particle is preferably equal phase structure.The preferred homemade fully sulfurized silicon rubber powder of Chinese patent ZL01801656.1 (VP-601) that adopts according to the applicant.
Described nano-silicon rubber is the synergistic char-forming agent, can improve PP when burning neat coal amout and become charcoal efficient, form the quality of continuous foamed charcoal layer when having improved burning simultaneously in polypropylene surface, and then improved the flame retardant properties of material, silicon rubber can also play a kind of effect of toughner simultaneously, can obviously improve the mechanical property of material.
In polypropylene is 100 weight parts, and described nano-silicon rubber is the 0.5-5 weight part, is preferably the 1-3 weight part.Consumption does not have the effect of synergistic char-forming agent very little, can not improve the quality of the continuous foamed charcoal layer of polypropylene surface, and consumption can have influence on flame retardant properties, thermal characteristics and the mechanical property of material too much.
Polynite (MMT) can be commercially available organic nano imvite, and preferable particle size is the organic nano imvite of 100-300nm.Polynite at first can be played the effect of anti-molten drop, and next plays the effect that intercepts thermal destruction gas, and the 3rd has reduced the heat release rate of material, and the 4th can improve the intensity of charcoal layer.In acrylic resin is 100 weight parts, and described polynite is the 0.5-5 weight part, is preferably the 1-3 weight part.Consumption does not all have fire-retardant effect very little He too much, worsens the flame retardant properties and the mechanical property of material on the contrary.
Nano-silicon rubber and polynite are coordinated to use the heat release rate of material is reduced significantly, and the effect when being better than using separately separately.The intensity that carborundum coking sealing coat that produces during the burning of nano-silicon rubber and polynite have improved the charcoal layer jointly.From the mechanical property aspect of material, the toughening effect of nano-silicon rubber and the enhancement of polynite also are useful replenishing mutually.
The preferred compatilizer that adds in the composition of the present invention, described compatilizer can be commercially available graft polypropylene, and grafts is maleic anhydride (MA), and percentage of grafting is less than 3%.Graft polypropylene plays the effect of increase-volume to main flame retardant and polypropylene matrix, has improved both consistencies, helps the dispersion of fire retardant.In acrylic resin is 100 weight parts, and described compatilizer is the 1-10 weight part, is preferably the 5-9 weight part.Consumption does not have the effect of compatilizer very little, and consumption increases the cost of material too much.
In addition, also can include polypropylene processing aid commonly used in the composition of the present invention, as oxidation inhibitor, coupling agent etc.The consumption of the processing aid that these are commonly used is a conventional amount used, or suitably adjusts according to practical requirements.Wherein: oxidation inhibitor is preferably the 0.1-1 weight part, and the complex type antioxidant that the oxidation inhibitor that uses among the present invention is produced as Switzerland Ciba company is as B225; Coupling agent is preferably the 0.1-1 weight part, and the coupling agent that uses among the present invention is general silane coupling agent, as KH-550.
Employed blending equipment is the general blending equipment in the rubber and plastic processing industry among the preparation method of the present invention, can be that twin screw extruder, BUSS mediate unit, single screw extrusion machine, mill or Banbury mixer etc.
The preferred preparation method of expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition of the present invention comprises: the halogen-free expansion fire retardant (ammonium polyphosphate, tetramethylolmethane, melamine cyanurate) with ternary component is a main flame retardant, add a spot of nano-silicon rubber, polynite as the synergistic char-forming agent, with polypropylene, oxidation inhibitor, coupling agent and compatilizer etc., mediate unit through twin screw extruder or BUSS, under 180~200 ℃ of processing temperatures, each component melts blend is extruded, after the granulation, made flame-proof polypropelene composition of the present invention.
Expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition of the present invention is compared with traditional halogen-free expanded flame-retardant polypropylene, and the fire retardant addition is little, the flame retarding efficiency height, thus the addition of reduction expanding fire retardant reaches the purpose of efficient one-tenth charcoal expanded flame-retardant polypropylene.Characteristics such as this system has efficiently, the stable high and low poison of light and heat, low cigarette, low corrosion, processing and mechanical property is influenced little, is complete halogen-free flame-retardant system, and is environmentally friendly.
This polypropylene flameretardant material is after injection molding, the oxygen index height, can reach more than 30%, flame retardant properties is good, vertical combustion test UL94 can reach the V-0 level, the tensile strength of material remains unchanged substantially, and the bending property of material and impact property obtain improvement to a certain degree, and the resistance toheat of material also improves a lot.
The flame-proof polypropelene composition excellent combination property of gained of the present invention has higher using value, not only can be applicable to automobile, electronics, appliance field, and is also radiation-curable to other association area.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.Scope of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of these embodiment, and scope of the present invention proposes in claims.
Embodiment 1~3:
With polypropylene (4# powder, the medium blue Tianjin Chemical Plant), compatilizer maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene (g-PP, U.S. EXXON company), ammonium polyphosphate (APP, Zhenjiang star fire retardant material factory), tetramethylolmethane (PER, long loose chemical plant, Jilin), melamine cyanurate (MCA, Zhonglan Chenguang Chemical Inst), polynite (NanocorI.44P, U.S. Na Ke company), fully sulfurized silicon rubber powder (VP-601, self-control, median size 100-150nm, gel content 81%), oxidation inhibitor B225 (Switzerland vapour Bagong department), silane coupling agent (KH-550, dawn chemical plant, Nanjing), put into low speed mixer and stir, make each component thorough mixing even.Then with extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder (TE-30, Nanjing Rhea company) of said mixture material under 180-200 ℃.The pellet of extruding is dried 6hr in 80 ℃ of constant temperature ovens, under 190~210 ℃ condition, be injected into the standard batten then, carry out various Mechanics Performance Testings.Concrete prescription sees Table 1, and wherein each component concentration is all in parts by weight.Testing standard and results of property are as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1:
With extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder (TE-30, Nanjing Rhea company) of polypropylene (with embodiment 1) under 180-200 ℃.The pellet of extruding is dried 6hr in 80 ℃ of constant temperature ovens, be injected into the standard batten then under 190~210 ℃ condition, the condition of extruding pelletization and sample preparation test is with embodiment 1, and testing standard and results of property are as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2:
Polypropylene (with embodiment 1), ammonium polyphosphate (with embodiment 1), tetramethylolmethane (with embodiment 1), melamine cyanurate (with embodiment 1) are put into low speed mixer and stirred, make each component thorough mixing even.Concrete prescription sees Table 1, and the condition of melt blending, extruding pelletization and sample preparation test is with embodiment 1.Testing standard and results of property are as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3:
With polypropylene (with embodiment 1), ammonium polyphosphate (with embodiment 1), tetramethylolmethane (with embodiment 1), melamine cyanurate (with embodiment 1), oxidation inhibitor B225 (Switzerland vapour Bagong department), silane coupling agent (KH-550, dawn chemical plant, Nanjing) puts into low speed mixer and stir, make each component thorough mixing even.Concrete prescription sees Table 1, and the condition of melt blending, extruding pelletization and sample preparation test is with embodiment 1.Testing standard and results of property are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Figure A20071009884900101
As seen, compare with comparative example 1,2,3, polypropene composition of the present invention had both had the good flame performance, also had excellent mechanical property and thermal characteristics.

Claims (11)

1. an expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition comprises following component: polypropylene, 100 weight parts; Ammonium polyphosphate, the 10-30 weight part is preferably the 15-30 weight part; Tetramethylolmethane, the 3.3-10 weight part is preferably the 5-9 weight part; Melamine cyanurate, the 6.6-20 weight part is preferably the 10-18 weight part; Silicon rubber, the 0.5-5 weight part is preferably the 1-3 weight part; Polynite, the 0.5-5 weight part is preferably the 1-3 weight part; The interpolation total amount of described ammonium polyphosphate, tetramethylolmethane and melamine cyanurate is at least 31 weight parts, preferred 32-44 weight part.
2. expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described silicon rubber is fully sulfurized silicon rubber powder.
3. expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the median size of described fully sulfurized silicon rubber powder≤1 μ, and preferably between 0.05 μ-0.2 μ.
4. as claim 2 or 3 described expansion flame-proof polypropelene compositions, it is characterized in that: the gel content of described fully sulfurized silicon rubber powder 〉=60 weight %, preferred gel content 〉=75 weight %.
5. as each described expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition among the claim 2-4, it is characterized in that: described fully sulfurized silicon rubber powder particle is equal phase structure.
6. as each described expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: the polymerization degree of described ammonium polyphosphate is greater than 1000.
7. as each described expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition among the claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described ammonium polyphosphate: tetramethylolmethane: the weight proportion of melamine cyanurate is (3~5): (1~3): (1~5).
8. as each described expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: described ammonium polyphosphate: tetramethylolmethane: the weight proportion of melamine cyanurate is 3: 1: 2, and described interpolation total amount is 31 weight parts.
9. as each described expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition among the claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: described polynite is that particle diameter is the organic nano imvite of 100-300nm.
10. as each described expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition among the claim 1-9, it is characterized in that: also comprise compatilizer in the described composition, described compatilizer is a graft polypropylene, and grafts is a maleic anhydride, and percentage of grafting is less than 3%; In acrylic resin is 100 weight parts, and described compatilizer is the 1-10 weight part, is preferably the 5-9 weight part.
11. preparation method as each described expansion flame-proof polypropelene composition among the claim 1-10, comprise: each component that will include described polypropylene, ammonium polyphosphate, tetramethylolmethane, melamine cyanurate, silicon rubber and polynite is extruded, after the granulation, is made flame-proof polypropelene composition than melt blending by described set of dispense.
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