CN101281470B - Method for reconstructing ELF file formats under multi-core architecture - Google Patents
Method for reconstructing ELF file formats under multi-core architecture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for modifying ELF file format in multi-core architecture, which comprises the steps: (1) a user adds a parallel processing flag; (2) independent codes are loaded into different code segments in a ELF file; (3) the flag bit in the header of the ELF file is modified to mark a new ELF format; (4) the starting addresses of newly added segments are added in a new thread; (5) a loader of ELF format is modified; (6) a multi-thread program is executed on different cores; and (7) different thread results are set unifiedly in a main thread by a compiler. According to the invention, the requirement that a current compiler in multi-core platform program design needs multiple bottom layer thread libraries is eliminated; since the process is simple, the steps have good universality, and can be used in different target file formats.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to modification executable file format under the embedded multi-core platform to utilize the problem of multinuclear processing power, in particular, relate to the ELF file layout transformation under a kind of multi-core system structure.
Background technology
Along with the development of Computer Architecture, the form of executable file is also constantly changing.COM formatted file the earliest is proper binary file, though simple, progressively popular page stores management mode make it can't adapt to the needs of program design better.Therefore a.out etc. occurs and had file header and section in the file is carried out the new executable file structure of branch page alignment, be called NMAGIC.Because people constantly promote the demand in efficient and space, NMAGIC's also progressively develops into QMAGIC and ZMAGIC in updating.These improvement comprise that compressed file head and code segment are mapped in first page and shine upon last code segment and first data segment etc. simultaneously.
Along with the development of Object-oriented Technique, a.out can not adapt to the needs of program design gradually.Therefore the PE file structure that UNIX ELF executable structure and Microsoft have occurred.The two becomes the main flow destination file format on two large platforms respectively.In addition, the destination file format that once occurred also has the OMF form of IBM 360 and Intel/Microsoft.
Be about to become in the epoch of mainstream technology platform at current multi-core platform, if the variation of destination file format also is faced with great challenge one time.On the one hand being existing destination file format has become default objects file layout on many main flow platforms such as ELF and PE, and uses the approval that has also obtained everybody, relatively stable and general.Be the discussion how multi-core platform is efficiently utilized on the other hand.Therefore, can suitably make amendment to destination file format, promptly keep its basic stability and versatility, can make it adapt to new multi-core platform better again, give full play to the processing power of the multinuclear heart, be the basic motives that we revise the ELF file layout.
In addition, because the program design on multi-core platform now is to give compiler to handle detailed details mostly.And these details comprise synchronously, task division, and process creations etc. are designed and developed big that the workload of compiler will be very, and this also can make the efficient of compiler reduce, and it can't be absorbed on the optimization to program.In addition, because the existence of current multiple thread library, compiler need be considered the difference of thread library in the different platform when starting new thread, therefore must comprise the support to multiple thread library, and this can make the huge unusually of compiler change.
So, we attempt to have adopted minimum change as far as possible, a part is divided out the loading bin of giving operating system with the work of multi-process establishment to be finished, and loading bin is to discern the part that can walk abreast in the task not intelligently, is exactly the unique method that can take so revise the form of ELF file destination.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, the method that provides the ELF file layout under a kind of multi-core system structure to transform.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
(1) user adds the parallel processing sign:
But the user adds the label of notice compiler parallel processing in institute's written program, the program segment that compiler will originally need order to carry out is independent respectively, but forms a plurality of executed in parallel and to result's the correctness independently program code segments of influence not;
(2) code loading is independently advanced in the code segments different in the ELF file:
Set a plurality of code segments in the ELF file, will write respectively in the different code segment of ELF file through compiling independent program code, a plurality of code segments under this new ELF file layout identify with the mode of .textn respectively, and n is a sequence number, since 1; Has only a code segment in the present ELF file layout.And we will write respectively in the different code segment of ELF file through the independent program code of compiling here, therefore need to exist in the ELF file a plurality of code segments.
(3) zone bit in the modification ELF file header identifies new ELF form:
Last byte of 16 bytes in the ELF file is revised as 0x01 by 0x00, is used for representing the new ELF file layout of employing;
(4) increase the start address of section in new thread that newly adds:
Revise section the start address in new thread of the 12nd, 13,14,15 bytes for newly adding in 16 bytes in the ELF file header;
(5) loading bin of modification ELF form:
Load_elf_binary function to the loading bin of ELF form is made amendment, and at first the form of ELF is judged whether see is the form of redetermination; If, then utilize system call to start a new process, difference according to rreturn value, parent process continues to carry out original loading process, and subprocess is loaded into new code segment the process space of oneself, and the programmable counter of the record in the storehouse is revised as new entry address by start_thread, promptly can use the address of being write down in default address or the ELF file header;
(6) execution of multithread programs on different IPs:
Subprocess is provided with relationship degree between this process and the different CPU by system call sched_setaffinity, to specific nuclear, moves, make full use of the processing power of a plurality of nuclears to dispatch this process;
(7) different threads result's unification is provided with in main thread by compiler.
As a kind of improvement, revise the file layout of ELF form, with compiler decompose out in logic independently text chunk write in the different code segments, when loading, respectively these code segments are loaded in the different processes, to utilize the processing power of multi-core platform.Should the transformation way also eliminate the requirement that needs multiple bottom thread library to support in the compiler of program design under the existing multi-core platform simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) high efficiency.The present invention has realized the ELF file layout transformation under the multi-core system structure, by being transformed into, the ELF file layout under the multi-core platform holds a plurality of code segments independently in logic, reduce the workload of compiler under the multi-core platform, improved the treatment effeciency of compiler.
(2) platform-neutral.Transform by the ELF file layout under the multi-core system structure among the present invention, the part that needs the multithreading storehouse to support in the multinuclear compiler being given the loading bin of operating system carries out, eliminated the requirement that needs in the compiler the multiple thread library support of different platform, effectively the size of compiler.
(3) practicality.ELF file layout under the multi-core system structure that the present invention proposes is transformed, and has made full use of the processing power of multinuclear processing platform.Owing to the simplicity of handling, this technology also can be utilized in the transformation to destination file formats such as Microsoft PE file layouts simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is general structure frame figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further described by specific embodiment.
At first explain the noun of using
ELF:Executable and Linkable Format is used for executable file and attachable shared library file.
Load_elf_binary: load the function that code enters the program process space.
Start_thread: specify the start address of new thread, unactual startup new thread just starts automatically up to this thread when system call is withdrawed from.
Sched_setaffinity: set the affinity of certain process, guarantee that promptly this process moves on certain or some processor cores to certain or some processor cores.
ELF file layout under the multi-core system structure is transformed, and may further comprise the steps:
(1) user adds the parallel processing sign:
The user adds the label that the notice compiler can carry out parallel processing in institute's written program.So that the program segment that compiler will originally need order to carry out is independent respectively, formation can executed in parallel and result's correctness not have the program code segments that influences.
(2) compiler advances code loading independently in the code segments different in the ELF file:
Because independently program segment forms in logic, therefore can add them is loaded into different code segments respectively.In original ELF file layout, have only a code segment, comprised all program codes.So carried out synchronously for the independently program segment that decomposes out through compilation process is loaded in the different threads in the past, the thread library that needs to use operating system or third party to provide comes the manual creation thread, and the position that need accurately place the code of being distinguished, this has just brought the problem of reorientation, the very complexity that design is become.Here after we are divided into independent parts to the code of original program, write as the ELF file independently in the code segment respectively.These code segments .text1 .text2 waits and represents.
(3) zone bit in the modification ELF file header identifies new ELF form:
The numerical value of 16 bytes in the ELF file has been represented the version of ELF file, Machine Type, big small end type, type of architecture etc.In the standard of ELF form, last byte of these 16 bytes is always 0x01, and we are revised as 0x01 here, is used for representing us to adopt new ELF file layout.Can use in this sign loading bin that we revised afterwards.
(4) increase the start address of section in new thread that newly adds:
Revise section the start address in new thread of the 12nd, 13,14,15 bytes for newly adding in 16 bytes in the ELF file header.Generally speaking, this address is otiose, because the code segment that newly adds also can utilize the acquiescence start address of storing in the ELF file header when being loaded into thread.Here only provided a kind of method that a kind of section newly is loaded into different addresses.
(5) loading bin of modification ELF form:
Because the ELF file layout is revised, therefore the loading bin at the ELF form also needs to change accordingly.All changes all occur in the load_elf_binary function.Here, we at first judge to the form of ELF whether see is the form of our redetermination, if, then utilize system call to start a new process, according to the difference of rreturn value, parent process continues to carry out original loading process.And subprocess is loaded into new code segment the process space of oneself and by start_thread the programmable counter of the record in the storehouse is revised as new entry address, promptly can use the address of being write down in default address or the ELF file header.
(6) execution of a plurality of threads of scheduling on different IPs:
Subprocess that has just created and parent process are moved on same nuclear, and this is parallel on the macroscopic view and remain serial on the microcosmic just in fact.In order to utilize the advantage of multinuclear, subprocess can be provided with relationship degree between this process and the different CPU by system call sched_setaffinity, move to specific nuclear to dispatch this process.So just made full use of the processing power of a plurality of nuclears.
(7) different threads result's unification:
Result's unification is provided with in main thread by compiler, such as wait for finishing of subprocess by wait.This has been proven technique in existing compiler.
Of the present invention is the method that the ELF file layout under the multi-core system structure is transformed, revise the file layout of ELF form, with compiler decompose out in logic independently text chunk write in the different code segments, when loading, can be loaded into these code segments in the different processes respectively, to utilize the processing power of multi-core platform.Should the transformation way also eliminate the requirement that needs multiple bottom thread library to support in the compiler of program design under the existing multi-core platform simultaneously.Because the simplicity of handling, this framework has good versatility, can use in multiple different destination file format.
At last, it is also to be noted that what more than enumerate only is specific embodiments of the invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above examples of implementation, many distortion can also be arranged.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the method for a reconstructing ELF file formats under multi-core architecture is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) user adds the parallel processing sign:
But the user adds the label of notice compiler parallel processing in institute's written program, the program segment that compiler will originally need order to carry out is independent respectively, but forms a plurality of executed in parallel and to result's the correctness independently program code segments of influence not;
(2) code loading is independently advanced in the code segments different in the ELF file:
Set a plurality of code segments in the ELF file, will write respectively in the different code segment of ELF file through compiling independent program code, a plurality of code segments under this new ELF file layout identify with the mode of .textn respectively, and n is a sequence number, since 1;
(3) zone bit in the modification ELF file header identifies new ELF form:
Last byte of 16 bytes in the ELF file is revised as 0x01 by 0x00, is used for representing the new ELF file layout of employing;
(4) increase the start address of section in new thread that newly adds:
Revise section the start address in new thread of the 12nd, 13,14,15 bytes for newly adding in 16 bytes in the ELF file header;
(5) loading bin of modification ELF form:
Load_elf_binary function to the loading bin of ELF form is made amendment, and at first the form of ELF is judged whether see is the form of redetermination; If, then utilize system call to start a new process, difference according to rreturn value, parent process continues to carry out original loading process, and subprocess is loaded into new code segment the process space of oneself, and the programmable counter of the record in the storehouse is revised as new entry address by start_thread, can use the address of being write down in default address or the ELF file header;
(6) execution of multithread programs on different IPs:
Subprocess is provided with relationship degree between this process and the different CPU by system call sched_setaffinity, to specific nuclear, moves, make full use of the processing power of a plurality of nuclears to dispatch this process;
(7) different threads result's unification is provided with in main thread by compiler;
Described ELF file is meant and can be used for execute file and attachable shared file.
2. the method for reconstructing ELF file formats under multi-core architecture according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, revise the file layout of ELF form, with compiler decompose out in logic independently text chunk write in the different code segments, when loading, respectively these code segments are loaded in the different processes, to utilize the processing power of multi-core platform.
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| CN109901891B (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2022-06-14 | 北京智游网安科技有限公司 | Method for adding data in ELF program, storage medium and intelligent terminal |
| CN114924803A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-19 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Loading starting method, chip, electronic device and storage medium |
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