CN101281088B - Three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus - Google Patents

Three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101281088B
CN101281088B CN2008101080455A CN200810108045A CN101281088B CN 101281088 B CN101281088 B CN 101281088B CN 2008101080455 A CN2008101080455 A CN 2008101080455A CN 200810108045 A CN200810108045 A CN 200810108045A CN 101281088 B CN101281088 B CN 101281088B
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vibration
vibration machine
axis
test piece
ball
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CN101281088A (en
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濮龙锋
李平
武元桢
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Suzhou Su test group Limited by Share Ltd
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Suzhou Sushi Testing Instrument Co Ltd
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Abstract

A vibration test equipment with three axis and six degrees of freedom, comprising a sample worktable, a first vibration generator arranged in the level X-axis direction with the mass centre of the sample worktable used as origin of coordinates; a second vibration generator and a third vibration generator which are arranged side by side in the level Y-axis direction with the vibration body of the second vibration generator connected with the sample worktable through a second sphericity connector and the vibration body of the third vibration generator connected with the sample worktable through a third sphericity connector; a forth vibration generator and a fifth vibration generator which are arranged side by side in the level Z-axis direction with the vibration body of the forth vibration generator connected with the bottom surface of the sample worktable through a forth sphericity connector and the vibration body of the fifth vibration generator connected with the bottom surface of the sample worktable through a fifth sphericity connector. The invention can simulate X, Y, Z triaxiality and six degrees of freedom complex vibration environment in true environment to reproduce the real working condition more accurately, largely increasing the accuracy of the vibration test result.

Description

Three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to dynamic environmental test equipment, be specifically related to the vibration testing device of a kind of X, Y, Z Triaxiality and six degrees of freedom.This vibration testing device can be used for simulating the vibration environment of the independent effect of X, Y, three axial six-freedom degrees of Z, also can be used for simulating the compound vibration environment that X, Y, three axial six-freedom degrees of Z act on simultaneously.
Background technology
The vibration that some product stands under actual environment is that X, Y, Z Triaxiality and six degrees of freedom (promptly move axially along space X, Y, Z three, simultaneously can be around X, Y, three rotations of Z) compound vibration, present restriction because of testing equipment and means, three while vibration tests can only be simulated with the single shaft vibration test of carrying out respectively, and simultaneous Triaxiality and six degrees of freedom test can't realize especially.
The deficiency of above-mentioned vibration test: a, existing three simultaneous vibration tests are simulated with the single shaft vibration test of carrying out respectively, and three times test bay all needs the professional to carry out the adjustment and the location of high request, and length consuming time is operated very loaded down with trivial details; B, the single shaft vibration test of successively carrying out can not be equal to or be equivalent to three vibrations simultaneously fully, differ greatly with real compound vibration environment; C, can not carry out three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test.
Therefore, developing a kind of vibration testing device that can simulate the compound vibration environment that Triaxiality and six degrees of freedom acts on simultaneously, overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned vibration test, is the emphasis that the present invention studies.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of brand-new three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus, when its objective is that will solve prior art is engaged in three-axis vibration test, need repeatedly to adjust, operate loaded down with trivial details time-consuming, and can not simulate the compound vibration environment that Triaxiality and six degrees of freedom acts on simultaneously, cause the product vibration performance is estimated inaccurate technical matters.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus, comprise a test piece worktable, at five vibration machines of test piece worktable (1) arranged around, every vibration machine all adopts electric vibration table, wherein the center of gravity with test piece worktable is a true origin, and first vibration machine is set on the horizontal X direction of principal axis, is connected through first ball adapter between the vibrating mass of this vibration machine and test piece worktable; On horizontal Y direction, be set up in parallel second vibration machine and the 3rd vibration machine, these two vibration machines are with the Y-axis symmetry, and both axis were arranged in the same surface level of initial point, be connected through second ball adapter between the vibrating mass of second vibration machine and test piece worktable, be connected through the 3rd ball adapter between the vibrating mass of the 3rd vibration machine and test piece worktable; On Z-direction, be set up in parallel the 4th vibration machine and the 5th vibration machine, these two vibration machines lay respectively in two diagonal quadrant that X-axis and Y-axis cut apart, and both axis are with the Z rotational symmetry, be connected through the 4th ball adapter between the vibrating mass of the 4th vibration machine and test piece worktable bottom surface, be connected through the 5th ball adapter between the vibrating mass of the 5th vibration machine and test piece worktable bottom surface;
Described each ball adapter is formed by first ball seat, first bulb, coupling shaft, second bulb and second ball seat, first bulb and second bulb are separately fixed at the coupling shaft two ends, and be equipped with protruding sphere on the bulb, be equipped with concave spherical surface on first ball seat and second ball seat, the protruding sphere of first bulb and the concave spherical surface of first ball seat are connected, and the protruding sphere of second bulb and the concave spherical surface of second ball seat are connected; In the described ball adapter, the maximum eccentricity between two centre ofs sphere should be greater than half of vibration machine peak swing;
In described first ball seat and second ball seat, fixedly connected with test piece worktable for one, another is fixedlyed connected with the vibrating mass of vibration machine.
Related content in above-mentioned two technical schemes is explained as follows:
1, in the such scheme, described " horizontal X direction of principal axis " and " horizontal Y direction " are respectively orthogonal both direction in the surface level, one of them direction is defined as X-direction, and another direction is defined as Y direction, also a direction can be defined as Y direction, and another direction is defined as X-direction.
2, in the such scheme, described " two diagonal quadrant " be meant that X-axis and Y-axis cut apart first, third quadrant or second, four-quadrant.
3, in the such scheme, also comprise a following preferable nearly step variation scheme:
A, described the 6th vibration machine that on the horizontal X direction of principal axis, also is provided with, this vibration machine and first vibration machine are with the X-axis symmetry, and both axis were arranged in the same surface level of initial point, were connected through the 6th ball adapter between the vibrating mass of the 6th vibration machine and test piece worktable.
B, on Z-direction, also be provided with the 7th vibration machine and the 8th vibration machine side by side, these two vibration machines lay respectively in two other diagonal quadrant that X-axis and Y-axis cut apart, and both axis are with the Z rotational symmetry, be connected through the 7th ball adapter between the vibrating mass of the 7th vibration machine and test piece worktable, be connected through the 8th ball adapter between the vibrating mass of the 8th vibration machine and test piece worktable.
C, on the horizontal X direction of principal axis, also be provided with the 6th vibration machine, this vibration machine and first vibration machine are with the X-axis symmetry, and both axis were arranged in the same surface level of initial point, were connected through the 6th ball adapter between the vibrating mass of the 6th vibration machine and test piece worktable; On Z-direction, also be provided with the 7th vibration machine and the 8th vibration machine side by side, these two vibration machines lay respectively in two other diagonal quadrant that X-axis and Y-axis cut apart, and both axis are with the Z rotational symmetry, be connected through the 7th ball adapter between the vibrating mass of the 7th vibration machine and test piece worktable, be connected through the 8th ball adapter between the vibrating mass of the 8th vibration machine and test piece worktable.
4, in the such scheme, in order to make ball adapter keep being rigidly connected effect in the direction of transmitting vibrations, reduce degree of distortion, transmitting vibrations better, pressure oiling duct is set in first ball seat of described ball adapter and second ball seat, form the static pressure oil film between spherical mating surface, this static pressure oil film constitutes hydrostatic support.
5, in the such scheme, described vibration machine can adopt electric vibration table, mechanical vibration generator system, hydraulic vibration gen or mechanical vibration mechanism, and wherein mechanical vibration mechanism is meant the mechanism that can produce mechanical vibration.
6, in the such scheme, in order to reduce test piece worktable the influence that the skew of test specimen tailheaviness is brought is being installed, can on test piece worktable Z direction, be provided with elastic bearing or suspended structure, wherein elastic support structure is from the supported underneath test piece worktable, and the resilient suspension structure is from the overhung test piece worktable.Described elastic support structure relatively is typically air bag or spring.
7, in the such scheme, three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus can also comprise other device, parts or system, such as when vibration machine adopts electric vibration table, disposing control and drive system, when adopting hydraulic vibration gen, need dispose hydraulic system.
8, in the such scheme, the definition of described " maximum eccentricity ", as shown in Figure 3, centre of sphere distance * sin the θ of maximum eccentricity a=first bulb and second bulb, to be coupling shaft 14 deflect down angle between the center line of center line to limit state (among the figure shown in the dotted line) and former meta horizontality around the centre of sphere of a side bulb 15 at the θ angle.
Principle of work of the present invention is: the vibration machine on each orientation is sent vibration act on the test piece worktable by ball adapter, realize X, Y, the motion of Z Triaxiality and six degrees of freedom by controlling the vibrational waveform that each vibration machine sends, thereby simulate real natural vibration environment to test.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention has:
1, because special construction of the present invention when separately doing each when straight-line oscillation is tested, can switch at X, Y and Z three direction straight-line oscillation test bays apace, save middle rotation stage body, operations such as Adjustment System have improved vibration test efficient.
2, because special construction of the present invention, can be by coordinating the vibration wave of each vibration machine, simulate the compound vibration environment that following three the axial six degree of freedoms of true environment act on simultaneously, accurately reappear real operating mode, near the environment of natural reality, significantly promote vibration test result's accuracy.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the embodiment of the invention one structural representation;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the embodiment of the invention one a ball adapter structural upright synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the embodiment of the invention one a ball adapter partial schematic sectional view;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the embodiment of the invention two structural representations;
Accompanying drawing 5 is the embodiment of the invention three structural representation sketches;
Accompanying drawing 6 is the embodiment of the invention four structural representation sketches.
In the above accompanying drawing: in the above accompanying drawing: 1, test piece worktable; 2, first vibration machine; 3, first ball adapter; 4, second vibration machine; 5, the 3rd vibration machine; 6, second ball adapter; 7, the 3rd ball adapter; 8, the 4th vibration machine; 9, the 5th vibration machine; 10, the 4th ball adapter; 11, the 5th ball adapter; 12, first ball seat; 13, first bulb; 14, coupling shaft; 15, second bulb; 16, second ball seat; 17, protruding sphere; 18, concave spherical surface; 19, the 6th vibration machine; 20, the 6th ball adapter; 21, the 7th vibration machine; 22, the 8th vibration machine; 23, the 7th ball adapter; 24, the 8th ball adapter; 25, support; 26, base.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one: shown in accompanying drawing 1~accompanying drawing 3, a kind of three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus, comprise a test piece worktable 1, center of gravity with test piece worktable 1 is a true origin, first vibration machine 2 is set on the horizontal X direction of principal axis, this vibration machine is an electric vibration table, be connected through first ball adapter 3 between the vibrating mass of this vibration machine (being the moving-coil of electric vibration table) and test piece worktable 1 sidepiece, and the central axis of the vibrating mass of this first vibration machine 2 (being moving-coil) just overlaps with the horizontal X axle; On horizontal Y direction, be set up in parallel second vibration machine 4 and the 3rd vibration machine 5, these two vibration machines also are electric vibration tables, they are with the Y-axis symmetry, and both axis were arranged in the same surface level of initial point, be connected through second ball adapter 6 between the respective sides of the vibrating mass of second vibration machine 4 (being electric jigging platform moving coil) and test piece worktable 1,1 of the vibrating mass of the 3rd vibration machine 5 (being electric jigging platform moving coil) and test piece worktable are connected through the 3rd ball adapter 7; On Z-direction, be set up in parallel the 4th vibration machine 8 and the 5th vibration machine 9, these two vibration machines also are electric vibration table, they lay respectively at X-axis and limit mutually in (being specially first quartile and third quadrant) with two diagonal angles that Y-axis is cut apart, and both axis are with the Z rotational symmetry, be connected through the 4th ball adapter 10 between the vibrating mass of the 4th vibration machine 8 (being electric jigging platform moving coil) and test piece worktable 1 bottom surface, be connected through the 5th ball adapter 11 between the vibrating mass of the 5th vibration machine 9 (being electric jigging platform moving coil) and test piece worktable 1 bottom surface.
Shown in accompanying drawing 1~accompanying drawing 3, described each ball adapter is formed by first ball seat 12, first bulb 13, coupling shaft 14, second bulb 15 and second ball seat 16, first bulb 13 and second bulb 15 are separately fixed at coupling shaft 14 two ends, and be equipped with protruding sphere 17 on the bulb, be equipped with concave spherical surface 18 on first ball seat 12 and second ball seat 16, the protruding sphere 17 of first bulb 13 and the concave spherical surface 18 of first ball seat 12 are connected, and the protruding sphere 17 of second bulb 15 and the concave spherical surface 18 of second ball seat 12 are connected; In the described ball adapter, the maximum eccentricity a between two centre ofs sphere should be greater than half of vibration machine peak swing; Described first ball seat 12 and second ball seat 16 be among both, fixedlys connected with test piece worktable 1 for one, and another is fixedlyed connected with the vibrating mass of vibration machine.In order to make ball adapter on the direction of transmitting vibrations, keep being rigidly connected effect, reduce degree of distortion, transmitting vibrations better, in first ball seat 12 of ball adapter and second ball seat 16, pressure oiling duct (not drawing among the figure) can be set, form the static pressure oil film between spherical mating surface, this static pressure oil film constitutes hydrostatic support.
In order to reduce test piece worktable 1 influence that the skew of test specimen tailheaviness is brought is being installed, described test piece worktable 1 also can be provided with elastic bearing or suspended structure (not drawing among the figure) on the Z direction, wherein elastic support structure is from supported underneath test piece worktable 1, and the resilient suspension structure is from overhung test piece worktable 1.Described elastic support structure relatively is typically air bag or spring.
When present embodiment uses, can simulate the straight line of X, Y, Z-direction and, be specially around the rotation of X, Y and the Z axle environment of the effect single degree of freedom motion in the six degree of freedom or multifreedom motion time the altogether:
A, folk prescription are tested to straight-line oscillation:
When carrying out single horizontal X direction of principal axis straight-line oscillation test, as long as the straight-line oscillation that starting first vibration machine 2 sends directions X, be connected through first ball adapter 3 because of between test piece worktable and vibration machine, the vibration that first vibration machine 2 sends passes to test piece worktable 1 through first ball adapter 3, realizes the straight-line oscillation test of single X-direction; When carrying out single Y direction straight-line oscillation, also as long as corresponding second vibration machine 4 of starting and the 3rd vibration machine 5, second vibration machine 4 and the 3rd vibration machine 5 send synchronous vibration signal and act on the test piece worktable 1, drive test piece worktable 1 along Y-axis straight-line oscillation; When carrying out single Z-direction straight-line oscillation, as long as starting the 4th vibration machine 8 and the 5th vibration machine 9, the 4th vibration machine 8 and the 5th vibration machine 9 send synchronous vibration signal and act on the test piece worktable 1, drive test piece worktable 1 along the Z axis straight line oscillation.
During with sinusoidal vibration, the movement locus of test piece worktable 1 is a straight line to folk prescription to vibration machine.
B, the test of Triaxiality and six degrees of freedom compound vibration:
This test can accurately reappear real working condition, near the environment of natural reality.During use, start five all vibration machines, the vibration that five vibration machines send through ball adapter simultaneously superposition act on and study on the worktable, realize the compound vibration test of three direction six degree of freedoms, wherein, the straight-line oscillation of X-direction is by 2 controls of first vibration machine, the straight-line oscillation of Y direction is by second vibration machine 4 and 5 controls of the 3rd vibration machine, the straight-line oscillation of Z-direction is by the 4th vibration machine 8 and 9 controls of the 5th vibration machine, around the rotation of Z-direction by first vibration machine 2, the control that matches of second vibration machine 4 and the 3rd vibration machine 5, around the rotation of X-direction by the control that matches of the 4th vibration machine 8 and the 5th vibration machine 9, around the rotation of Y direction by the control that matches of the 4th vibration machine 8 and the 5th vibration machine 9.
Present embodiment is for illustrating the concrete variation that also has following part:
1, described each vibration machine 2,4,5,8 and 9 not necessarily will adopt electric vibration table, also can adopt mechanical vibration generator system, hydraulic vibration gen or other mechanical vibration mechanisms.
2, first vibration machine 2 can adopt a plurality of first ball adapters 3 arranged side by side to be connected with 1 of test piece worktable, identical with it, second vibration machine 4, the 3rd vibration machine 5, the 4th vibration machine 8 also can adopt a plurality of ball adapters arranged side by side to be connected with 1 of the 5th vibration machine 9 and test piece worktable.
Embodiment two: shown in accompanying drawing 4, a kind of three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus, comprise a test piece worktable 1, be with the difference of embodiment one: the center of gravity with test piece worktable 1 is a true origin, on the horizontal X direction of principal axis, also be provided with the 6th vibration machine 19, this vibration machine and first vibration machine 2 are with the X-axis symmetry, and both axis were arranged in the same surface level of initial point, and 1 of the vibrating mass of the 6th vibration machine 19 and test piece worktable are connected through the 6th ball adapter 20; On Z-direction, also be provided with the 7th vibration machine 21 and the 8th vibration machine 22 side by side, in these two vibration machines lay respectively at X-axis and (being specially second quadrant and four-quadrant) are limit at two other diagonal angle that Y-axis is cut apart mutually, and both axis are with the Z rotational symmetry, 1 of the vibrating mass of the 7th vibration machine 21 and test piece worktable are connected through the 7th ball adapter 23, and 1 of the vibrating mass of the 8th vibration machine 22 and test piece worktable are connected through the 8th ball adapter 24.
During work, when carrying out the test of Triaxiality and six degrees of freedom compound vibration, concrete control mode is: the straight-line oscillation of X-direction is by first vibration machine 2 and 19 controls of the 6th vibration machine, the straight-line oscillation of Y direction is by second vibration machine 4 and 5 controls of the 3rd vibration machine, the straight-line oscillation of Z-direction is by the 4th vibration machine 8, the 5th vibration machine 9, the 7th vibration machine 21 and the 8th vibration machine 22 be totally four vibration machine controls, around the rotation of Z-direction by first vibration machine 2, the 6th vibration machine 19, the control that matches of second vibration machine 4 and the 3rd vibration machine 5, around the rotation of X-direction by the 4th vibration machine 8, the 5th vibration machine 9, the control that matches of the 7th vibration machine 21 and the 8th vibration machine 22, around the rotation of Y direction by the 4th vibration machine 8, the 5th vibration machine 9, the control that matches of the 7th vibration machine 21 and the 8th vibration machine 22.
Present embodiment, because of establishing the 4th vibration machine 8, the 5th vibration machine 9, the 7th vibration machine 21 and the 8th vibration machine 22 totally four vibration machines on the Z-direction, the driving on Z-direction is more steady.
Other repeat no more with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: shown in accompanying drawing 5, a kind of three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus, comprise a test piece worktable 1, be with the difference of embodiment one: described coordinate system definition direction changes, as shown in the figure, now defining embodiment one Central Plains Y-axis is X-axis, and former X-axis is a Y-axis, and the position of first vibration machine 2 and second vibration machine 4, the 3rd vibration machine 5 is exchanged with the variation of coordinate system; In addition, in two second quadrants and four-quadrant that described the 4th vibration machine 8 and the 5th vibration machine 9 lay respectively at that X-axis and Y-axis cut apart.
Other repeat no more with embodiment one.The present embodiment course of work can be summarized from aforementioned first and second embodiment, also no longer repeats here.
Embodiment four: shown in accompanying drawing 6, a kind of three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus, comprise a test piece worktable 1, be with the difference of embodiment one: on the horizontal X direction of principal axis, also be provided with the 6th vibration machine 19, this vibration machine and first vibration machine 2 are with the X-axis symmetry, and both axis were arranged in the same surface level of initial point, and 1 of the vibrating mass of the 6th vibration machine 19 and test piece worktable are connected through the 6th ball adapter 20; In addition, in two second quadrants and four-quadrant that described the 4th vibration machine 8 and the 5th vibration machine 9 lay respectively at that X-axis and Y-axis cut apart.
Other are with embodiment one, repeat no more in not.The present embodiment course of work can be summarized from aforementioned first and second embodiment, also no longer repeats here.
The foregoing description only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics, and its purpose is to allow the personage who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.All equivalences that spirit is done according to the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus, comprise a test piece worktable (1), it is characterized in that: the center of gravity with test piece worktable (1) is a true origin, at five vibration machines of test piece worktable (1) arranged around, every vibration machine all adopts electric vibration table, first vibration machine (2) wherein is set on the horizontal X direction of principal axis, is connected through first ball adapter (3) between the vibrating mass of this vibration machine and test piece worktable (1); On horizontal Y direction, be set up in parallel second vibration machine (4) and the 3rd vibration machine (5), these two vibration machines are with the Y-axis symmetry, and both axis were arranged in the same surface level of initial point, be connected through second ball adapter (6) between the vibrating mass of second vibration machine (4) and test piece worktable (1), be connected through the 3rd ball adapter (7) between the vibrating mass of the 3rd vibration machine (5) and test piece worktable (1); On Z-direction, be set up in parallel the 4th vibration machine (8) and the 5th vibration machine (9), these two vibration machines lay respectively in two diagonal quadrant that X-axis and Y-axis cut apart, and both axis are with the Z rotational symmetry, be connected through the 4th ball adapter (10) between the vibrating mass of the 4th vibration machine (8) and test piece worktable (1) bottom surface, be connected through the 5th ball adapter (11) between the vibrating mass of the 5th vibration machine (9) and test piece worktable (1) bottom surface;
Described each ball adapter is by first ball seat (12), first bulb (13), coupling shaft (14), second bulb (15) and second ball seat (16) are formed, first bulb (13) and second bulb (15) are separately fixed at coupling shaft (14) two ends, and be equipped with protruding sphere (17) on the bulb, be equipped with concave spherical surface (18) on first ball seat (12) and second ball seat (16), the protruding sphere (17) of first bulb (13) is connected with the concave spherical surface (18) of first ball seat (12), and the protruding sphere (17) of second bulb (15) is connected with the concave spherical surface (18) of second ball seat (12); In the described ball adapter, the maximum eccentricity between two centre ofs sphere should be greater than half of vibration machine peak swing;
Described first ball seat (12) and second ball seat (16) be among both, fixedlys connected with test piece worktable (1) for one, and another is fixedlyed connected with the vibrating mass of vibration machine.
2. three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in first ball seat (12) of described ball adapter and second ball seat (16) pressure oiling duct is set, form the static pressure oil film between spherical mating surface, this static pressure oil film constitutes hydrostatic support.
3. three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in first bulb (13) of described ball adapter and second bulb (15) pressure oiling duct is set, form the static pressure oil film between spherical mating surface, this static pressure oil film constitutes hydrostatic support.
4. three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described test piece worktable (1) also is provided with elastic bearing or suspended structure on axle Z direction, wherein elastic support structure is from supported underneath test piece worktable (1), and the resilient suspension structure is from overhung test piece worktable (1).
CN2008101080455A 2008-05-13 2008-05-13 Three-axis six-freedom degree vibration test apparatus Active CN101281088B (en)

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