CN101275227B - High-temperature-resistant iron-base alloy powder for metallic surface hardening by cladding - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant iron-base alloy powder for metallic surface hardening by cladding Download PDFInfo
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- CN101275227B CN101275227B CN200810053165XA CN200810053165A CN101275227B CN 101275227 B CN101275227 B CN 101275227B CN 200810053165X A CN200810053165X A CN 200810053165XA CN 200810053165 A CN200810053165 A CN 200810053165A CN 101275227 B CN101275227 B CN 101275227B
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 36
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于粉末冶金领域，尤其是一种用于金属表面熔覆强化工艺的耐高温铁基合金粉末。The invention belongs to the field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant iron-based alloy powder used in metal surface cladding strengthening technology.
背景技术Background technique
目前国内外所用的金属表面强化熔覆合金按形式主要有焊条焊剂型和合金粉末型；按材料成分可分为铁基合金、镍基合金、钴基合金、铜基合金、复合材料等。铁基合金粉末的主要特点是常温耐磨性能好、抗冲击、原料来源丰富、成本低，但其存在的主要问题是耐高温性能和耐腐蚀性能差等。At present, metal surface strengthening cladding alloys used at home and abroad mainly include electrode flux type and alloy powder type; according to material composition, they can be divided into iron-based alloys, nickel-based alloys, cobalt-based alloys, copper-based alloys, composite materials, etc. The main characteristics of iron-based alloy powder are good wear resistance at room temperature, impact resistance, rich source of raw materials, and low cost, but the main problems are poor high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.
通过检索，发现了两篇相关专利。一篇专利涉及一种激光熔敷专用铁基合金粉末(专利号为02154195.7)，其合金粉末的重量构成是(％)：C0.15～0.25；Cr14～17；Ni2～5；Mo1～2；Nb0.25～0.5；Ta0.1～0.4；N0.2～0.4；Si1.1～1.4；B0.1～1.0；其余为Fe。另一篇专利涉及一种铁基合金粉末冶金制品的生产工艺，其合金粉末的重量构成是(％)：Fe95.35；Cu1.5；C0.5；Mn0.4；Mo0.5；Cr1.5；S0.15；机油0.1。上述两篇专利的耐高温、耐腐蚀性能很一般。Through searching, two relevant patents were found. A patent related to a special iron-based alloy powder for laser cladding (patent number 02154195.7), the weight composition of the alloy powder is (%): C0.15～0.25; Cr14～17; Ni2～5; Mo1～2; Nb0.25～0.5; Ta0.1～0.4; N0.2～0.4; Si1.1～1.4; B0.1～1.0; the rest is Fe. Another patent relates to a production process of iron-based alloy powder metallurgy products. The weight composition of the alloy powder is (%): Fe95.35; Cu1.5; C0.5; Mn0.4; Mo0.5; Cr1. 5; S0.15; engine oil 0.1. The high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of the above two patents are very general.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足之处，提供一种性能好、成本低且适合于在较高温度环境下工作的零件表面熔覆强化的耐高温铁基合金粉末。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high temperature resistant iron-based alloy powder with good performance, low cost and suitable for surface cladding strengthening of parts working in a relatively high temperature environment.
本发明解决技术问题的技术方案是：The technical scheme that the present invention solves technical problem is:
一种用于金属表面熔覆强化工艺的耐高温铁基合金粉末，其构成元素及其重量百分比分别为：A high-temperature-resistant iron-based alloy powder used in a metal surface cladding strengthening process, the constituent elements and their weight percentages are:
C 1～2； Si 1～2； Mo 4.0～4.5； Cr 25～30；C 1～2; Si 1～2; Mo 4.0～4.5;
Ni 15～20； Mn 0.5～1； 余量为Fe。Ni 15~20; Mn 0.5~1; the balance is Fe.
而且，各元素的最佳重量配比为：And, the optimal weight ratio of each element is:
C 1.7； Si 1.45； Mo 4.2； Cr 27；C 1.7; Si 1.45; Mo 4.2; Cr 27;
Ni 17； Mn 0.7； Fe 47.95。Ni 17; Mn 0.7; Fe 47.95.
而且，本合金粉末采用雾化法制备，且其粉末颗粒硬度为490-540HV，熔覆层硬度为38-42HRC。Moreover, the alloy powder is prepared by an atomization method, and the hardness of the powder particles is 490-540HV, and the hardness of the cladding layer is 38-42HRC.
本发明的优点和积极效果是：Advantage and positive effect of the present invention are:
通过试验数据，有力地验证了本发明在耐高温方面的优良性能，并且制造成本较为低廉，是一种适合于在高温环境下工作的零件表面熔覆强化的铁基合金粉末材料。Through the test data, it is effectively verified that the invention has excellent performance in high temperature resistance, and the manufacturing cost is relatively low, and it is an iron-based alloy powder material suitable for surface cladding strengthening of parts working in a high temperature environment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的粉末形貌图片；Fig. 1 is a powder morphology picture of the present invention;
图2为本发明XRD分析图谱；Fig. 2 is XRD analysis collection of illustrative plates of the present invention;
图3为本发明等离子熔覆层显微硬度分布曲线；Fig. 3 is the microhardness distribution curve of the plasma cladding layer of the present invention;
图4为本发明等离子熔覆层的微观组织图片；Fig. 4 is the microstructure picture of plasma cladding layer of the present invention;
图5为本发明高温处理后熔覆层硬度曲线；Fig. 5 is the cladding layer hardness curve after the high temperature treatment of the present invention;
图6为本发明高温氧化性能曲线图。Fig. 6 is a graph showing the high temperature oxidation performance of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详述，以下实施例只是描述性的，不是限定性的，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described in detail below through the specific examples, the following examples are only descriptive, not restrictive, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention with this.
一种用于金属表面熔覆强化工艺的耐高温铁基合金粉末，其构成元素及其重量百分比分别为：A high-temperature-resistant iron-based alloy powder used in a metal surface cladding strengthening process, the constituent elements and their weight percentages are:
C 1～2；Si 1～2；Mo 4.0～4.5；Cr 25～30；Ni 15～20；Mn 0.5～1；余量为Fe。C 1～2; Si 1～2; Mo 4.0～4.5;
本发明的最佳实施例为(重量百分比)：The most preferred embodiment of the present invention is (percentage by weight):
C 1.7；Si 1.45；Mo 4.2；Cr 27；Ni 17；Mn 0.7；Fe 47.95。C 1.7; Si 1.45; Mo 4.2; Cr 27; Ni 17; Mn 0.7; Fe 47.95.
本发明采用雾化法制备耐高温铁基合金粉末，其粉末颗粒硬度为490-540HV。The invention adopts an atomization method to prepare high-temperature-resistant iron-based alloy powder, and the hardness of the powder particles is 490-540HV.
下面通过各种性能试验结果来进一步验证本发明的先进性。The advanced nature of the present invention is further verified below by various performance test results.
图2为合金粉末的XRD分析图谱。分析可知，粉末中的物相主要由γ(Fe、Cr、Ni)固溶体基体和(Cr、Fe)7C3组成。Figure 2 is the XRD analysis spectrum of the alloy powder. The analysis shows that the phase in the powder is mainly composed of γ (Fe, Cr, Ni) solid solution matrix and (Cr, Fe) 7 C 3 .
图3显示了该粉末的等离子熔覆层沿不同层深的显微硬度曲线图，该熔覆层的厚度为2.6mm。Figure 3 shows the microhardness curves of the plasma cladding layer of this powder along different layer depths, and the thickness of the cladding layer is 2.6mm.
图4为本发明等离子熔覆层的微观组织，其熔覆层呈现明显的树枝晶结构，枝晶比较细小，微观组织图片中白色的是树枝状的基体，分布其间的是共晶组织。而且，XRD分析结果表明，熔覆层的组织主要由γ(Fe、Cr、Ni)固溶体基体和(Cr、Fe)7C3组成。Fig. 4 is the microstructure of the plasma cladding layer of the present invention, the cladding layer presents an obvious dendrite structure, and the dendrites are relatively small. In the microstructure picture, the white one is a dendritic matrix, and the eutectic structure is distributed among them. Moreover, the XRD analysis results show that the structure of the cladding layer is mainly composed of γ (Fe, Cr, Ni) solid solution matrix and (Cr, Fe) 7 C 3 .
图5为处理温度与熔覆层硬度曲线图。其试验方法是：取硬度为38HRC的合金粉末熔覆试样，将试样放入箱式电阻炉中进行加热。温度分别设定为400℃、450℃、500℃、550℃、600℃、650℃、700℃、750℃、800℃、850℃，保温，取出试样空冷至室温，测定熔覆层硬度，并取其平均值。从曲线可以分析出：与未经高温处理的熔覆层相比，当加热温度低于750℃时，高温处理后其硬度基本保持不变，但当温度大于750℃后，硬度值开始下降。Fig. 5 is a curve diagram of treatment temperature and cladding layer hardness. The test method is: take an alloy powder cladding sample with a hardness of 38HRC, put the sample into a box-type resistance furnace for heating. Set the temperature at 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, 550°C, 600°C, 650°C, 700°C, 750°C, 800°C, 850°C respectively, keep warm, take out the sample and air cool to room temperature, and measure the hardness of the cladding layer. and take its average. From the curve, it can be seen that compared with the cladding layer without high temperature treatment, when the heating temperature is lower than 750°C, the hardness remains basically unchanged after high temperature treatment, but when the temperature is higher than 750°C, the hardness value begins to decrease.
图6为高温氧化性能曲线图。其试验方法是：将厚度2mm、直径18mm的该合金熔覆层试样经处理、称重后放入箱式电阻炉中，设定加热温度为800℃，每加热10h后取出空冷，称重，共加热120小时，用增重量来表征材料的高温氧化程度。由图6可看出，经800℃120小时的氧化试验，材料没有明显的增重。Figure 6 is a graph showing the high temperature oxidation performance. The test method is: put the alloy cladding layer sample with a thickness of 2mm and a diameter of 18mm into a box-type resistance furnace after treatment and weighing. , heated for 120 hours in total, and the high temperature oxidation degree of the material is characterized by the weight gain. It can be seen from Figure 6 that after the oxidation test at 800°C for 120 hours, the material has no obvious weight gain.
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| CN111218682A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-06-02 | 浙江工业大学 | Corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant iron-based laser cladding powder and laser cladding method |
| CN112626517A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 赣州乾屹铭金属材料有限公司 | Production process of high-performance stirring blade adopting plasma cladding |
| CN117506230B (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-03-15 | 成都工业学院 | Welding rod core wire and wear-resistant surfacing welding electrode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1443624A (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2003-09-24 | 独立行政法人物质材料研究机构 | Welding material for improved welded seam strength |
| CN1681616A (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2005-10-12 | 独立行政法人物质·材料研究机构 | Welding method using low phase transition temperature welding material |
| CN101144160A (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2008-03-19 | 德阳中铁科技有限责任公司 | Method for melting and coating anti-rust wear-resistant alloy on steel rail surface |
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| CN1443624A (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2003-09-24 | 独立行政法人物质材料研究机构 | Welding material for improved welded seam strength |
| CN1681616A (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2005-10-12 | 独立行政法人物质·材料研究机构 | Welding method using low phase transition temperature welding material |
| CN101144160A (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2008-03-19 | 德阳中铁科技有限责任公司 | Method for melting and coating anti-rust wear-resistant alloy on steel rail surface |
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