CN101275196B - Steel for seamless tin and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Steel for seamless tin and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to steel for two piece can and a manufacturing method thereof, the proportion by weight percent of the steel is that: 0.001%<=C<=0.003%; Si<=0.02%, 0.1%<=Mn<=1.0%, P<=0.015%, S<=0.020%, Al<=0.1%, N<=0.005%, the proportion also comprises at least one of four elements: Nb<=0.01%, Ti<=0.01%, Cr<=0.02%, Ni<=0.02%, the rests are Fe and unavoidable impurities. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of: 1) smelting according to above ingredients to cast into the billet; 2) heating and rolling the billet in the range from 1100 to 1250 DEG C, finally rolling the billet in single phase austenite area at the temperature over Ar<3>, the thickness of hot rolling plate is less than 3mm, the coiling temperature is 500 to 700 DEG C; 3) cool-rolling the billet with deflection of 80-95% after pickling; 4) performing recrystallization annealing to the billet below the 730 DEG C in the continuous annealing furnace; 5) secondarily cool-rolling with the deflection of 2-10% to obtain the product having the thickness less than 0.24mm. The steel of the invention includes outstanding processing performance and deep draw performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel for seamless tin plate or steel band and manufacture method thereof, particularly relate to ultra-thin steel for seamless tin plate or steel band and manufacture method thereof that requirement has good deep drawability and processing characteristics.
Background technology
The zinc-plated Tinplate of making and through the steel plate for tanks such as tin free steel sheet that peroxychromic acid is handled on steel plate is used to make food cans and pop can etc. in a large number.This class jar mainly can be divided into seamless tin and Three piece Can.
Seamless tin generally includes can body and lid two portions of being made up of the end, thin wall.Because low cost of manufacture, seamless tin shared proportion in the total amount of jar increases year by year in recent years.Seamless tin need be through multistage deep-draw processing or DWI harsh process operations such as (Drawing and Wall Ironing, i.e. deep-draw processing post-tensioning is dialled attenuate), to the extremely strictness of processing characteristics requirement of steel for seamless tin plate.
Be represented as the general manufacturing process of example narration DWI jar below with the typical case of seamless tin.
The discous blank plate in die-cut garden on steel band at first, utilize drift and punch die that this blank plate is drawn into cup-shaped again, use the DWI pressing machine then, adopt the gap side attenuate to be stretched less than the drift and the punch die of cup sidewall thickness, the thickness of sidewall is reduced, form the cup-shaped tank body of prescribed depth, this forming technology is called as DWI processing.After this, with the bottom of jar end forming mill making can bodies, form the arch of projection to the inside at the bottom of making jar.Subsequently, above-mentioned tank body is clean, dry, in the outside surface printing and the application of jar, then be intended to reduce the multistage eck processing of tank body opening diameter, behind closing in and flange, load onto lid at the tank body opening end.
Add man-hour at DWI, because material, is wanted the undulatory ear of shape face on the circumferential direction of tank body upper end along the processing characteristics difference of different directions after the processing, this phenomenon is called as the system ear.Must will make ear portions with deflasher and cut away, make tank body height unanimity, the ear phenomenon is serious when making, and this jar will be scrapped.
The main characteristic that the steel for seamless tin plate need possess has: the intensity of material, processibility, deep drawability and system remebrance energy etc.
As saving resource, cut down the consumption of energy, and reduce cost, the measure of boosting productivity, the manufacturers of jar is devoted to alleviate the weight of jar always, promptly produces the thinner jar of wall.Because the progress of tank making technology in recent years, the tank body of seamless tin can use ultra-thin steel sheet, thereby alleviates the weight of jar, and this has also become trend of the times.
But after steel plate thickness reduced, the intensity of jar will reduce inevitably.Therefore, need to pass through the shape of change jars such as volume inner edge processing, or carry out deep processing, diameter reducing extrusion processing, stretch process, bulging shaping processing after application, baking, bottom dome processing waits the intensity that improves jar.From these the latest development trend, the steel for seamless tin plate requires to have fabulous processibility and deep drawability energy.In addition, in drawing the preface of exchanging work, the difficulty that is shaped at the bottom of the bad meeting of unit elongation and deep drawability causes jar is easy to produce wrinkle at the bottom of jar.The chucking pressure that imposes on the slab material by improvement technology such as raising can produce the problem of metal flow control, thereby system ear degree is increased, and these all can cause, and lumber recovery reduces in the system jar process, and production efficiency descends.Therefore, the best way is unit elongation and the deep drawability energy that improves steel plate in attenuate steel for seamless tin plate under the condition that guarantees armor plate strength.
Usually make this class jar with low carbon aluminum-killed steel plate or band at present, its carbon content is about 0.030-0.040% (weight percent).The manufacture method of these steel plates or steel band is with from the hot rolling of steel billet of continuous casting working procedure, cold rolling and obtain thin plate, through recrystallization annealing and smooth.This method can obtain plate or the paper tinsel of the about 0.25mm of thickness, and plate is made jar thus, is about 0.1mm through drawing the wall thickness of dialling and drawing thin back to approach.But defectives such as the manufactured steel plates condition of surface is poor, plate shape is bad that this kind method exists.And the average Lankford value of the steel plate of Zhi Zaoing (the Lankford value is hereinafter referred to as the r value) is to the maximum about 1.0 usually in this way, and significantly under the situation of attenuate, the deep drawability of about 1.0 r value is also insufficient at the steel for seamless tin plate for this.
In the patent of applying for relevant steel plate for tanks (band), it is 0.005～0.1% (weight) that CN99800472.3 provides a kind of carbon content, and its r value is less than 1 steel band that is applicable to Three piece Can and manufacture method; The steel plate that CN85104306 provides a kind of carbon content to be not more than 0.007% (weight), when the secondary cold-rolling deflection greater than 7% the time, do not produce the distortion decorative pattern in the course of processing; JP2000087147A adopts slab well heater control final rolling temperature, steel band is evenly distributed, in the average delta r value 0.2 in length and width r value; CN96105968.0 provides a kind of hot rolling of steel billet that carbon content 0.002% (weight) is following to 1.2mm, the novel process of annealing back once cold rolling.The manufacture method of these steel plate for tanks (band) is not to be exclusively used in steel for seamless tin plate (band), and is difficult to use in actual production.
Following patent has adopted ultra low-carbon steel to make steel plate for tanks, it is the non-ageing steel plate of 0.0015～0.01% (weight) that CN95100784.x provides carbon content, by in hydrogen concentration be more than 3%, dew point is in the atmosphere more than-20 ℃, the annealing decarburization can alleviate the timeliness tendency more than 730 ℃; Among the CN94190649.3, further add Ti and Nb in less than the steel plate of 0.0015% (weight), improved the anti-stress-corrosion crack ability in carbon content.The steel plate that these patents employing ultra low-carbon steels are made or the intensity of steel band are very low, only about 200MPa, can not be fit to the requirement of the can manufacturing technology of seamless tin.Solution to this problem is to improve the intensity of Ultra-low carbon steel plate for tanks by secondary cold-rolling.Among the WO96/26295, carbon content is less than 0.005% (weight), is that yield strength is greater than 350MPa behind 10～40% the secondary cold-rolling through deflection.But the secondary cold-rolling deflection is greater than after 10%, and when the intensity of material improved, unit elongation sharply descended, and the r value is also very little.Low deep drawability and the processing characteristics of can causing of the unit elongation of steel for seamless tin plate and r value reduces, and lumber recovery is descended; Intensity is too high can to cause then that forming property reduces in the system jar process, reduces die life etc.Another problem that the described manufacture method of above patent exists is exactly the alloying element content height, and annealing temperature is high.Recrystallization temperature improves the back grain growth and becomes very easy, makes structure of steel become thick, thereby adds man-hour carrying out deep-draw, can make surface irregularity, anti-outward appearance is arranged, and reduce a system jar lumber recovery.In addition, these problems make the energy consumption in the steel plate production process increase cost up.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Twopiece Can steel and manufacture method thereof, it is a kind of steel for seamless tin plate with excellent machinability and deep drawability, and by improving production technique, reduces the energy consumption in the production process, improve resource utilization, reduce cost.Adopt this method can make ultrafine steel for seamless tin plate, by reducing the thickness of tank skin, alleviate the weight of jar in the system jar process, thereby reduced system jar cost, and because the raising of processing characteristics and deep drawability makes the lumber recovery of making in jar process improve.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The chemical component weight per-cent of steel for seamless tin is:
Carbon: 0.001%～0.003%;
Silicon :≤0.02%;
Manganese: 0.1%～1.0%;
Phosphorus :≤0.015%;
Sulphur :≤0.020%;
Aluminium :≤0.1%;
Nitrogen :≤0.005%;
And remainder is iron and unavoidable impurities.
Preferably, also comprise at least a in niobium≤0.01%, titanium≤0.01%, chromium≤0.02%, nickel≤0.02%.
The present invention also provides the manufacture method of above-mentioned steel for seamless tin, may further comprise the steps:
A) steel billet is rolling after 1100～1250 ℃ of heating, at Ar
3The single-phase austenitic area finish to gauge of above temperature, hot-rolled sheet thickness is less than 3mm, 500 ℃～700 ℃ of coiling temperatures;
B) deflection with 80～95% is cold rolling after overpickling;
C) in continuous annealing furnace, carry out recrystallization annealing with the temperature below 730 ℃;
D) at last with 2～10% deflection secondary cold-rolling, obtain finished product.
Finish before begin to batch from hot rolling, speed of cooling remain on 30 ℃/more than the s.
In order to make ultrafine Ultra-low carbon steel for seamless tin plate have enough intensity, and strengthen its processing characteristics and deep drawability, final purpose of the present invention is to make yield strength greater than 240MPa, unit elongation is greater than 28%, and average r value is greater than 1.5, and the absolute value of Δ r needs less than 0.2, and thickness is less than the ultra-thin steel for seamless tin plate of 0.24mm, and by reducing annealing temperature and secondary cold-rolling deflection, reduce the energy consumption in the production process, reduce cost.
The reason that chemical ingredients to plate slab limits below at first is described.
Carbon: below 0.003% (weight), more than 0.001% (weight).
Consider that from the angle that improves r value and unit elongation carbon content is low more good more.But at slab during the stage, if during carbon content less than 0.001% (weight), crystal grain is easy to thick, and the terminal stage in processing probably makes product surface orange peel shape defective occur.In addition, because the minimizing of carbon content is significantly risen transformation temperature, can not finish course of hot rolling in the austenite one phase zone, thereby cause the performance of steel plate inhomogeneous.But when carbon content is higher than 0.003% (weight), be difficult to guarantee high unit elongation when obtaining higher r value.Therefore, carbon content is preferably in more than 0.001% (weight), below 0.003% (weight).
Silicon: below 0.02% (weight).
Silicon makes material reinforcement, but excessive use meeting brings problem to surface treatment, and the tin plate corrosion resisting property is worsened, and therefore will the upper limit of its addition be limited.In addition, because silicon can make the transformation temperature of steel rise,, the finish rolling condition can be relaxed, thereby its higher limit is preferably in below 0.02% (weight) if its content descends.
Manganese: below 1.0% (weight), more than 0.1% (weight).
The adding of manganese can prevent that the hot-rolled steel band edge portion that produces because of sulphur from ftractureing, and its content at least should be more than 0.1% (weight).Add manganese and can also reduce transformation temperature, the rolling condition restriction when this helps relaxing finish rolling.On the other hand, when manganese content surpassed 1.0% (weight), solution strengthening was added in grain refining, can make the material sclerosis.Therefore manganese content is preferably in below 1.0% (weight).
Phosphorus: below 0.015% (weight).
Phosphorus makes the material sclerosis and the corrosion resisting property of steel plate is worsened, material embrittlement, thereby its content is too much unsuitable, must be limited in below 0.015% (weight).
Sulphur: below 0.020% (weight).
When sulphur content was too much, the sulphur in high temperature austenite zone solid solution during hot rolling reduced and supersaturation with temperature, formed (Fe, Mn) S and separated out at crystal boundary, caused the hot-rolled steel band edge portion cracking that causes because of red brittleness.In addition, the sulphur of formation is that inclusion can cause stamping defect.Therefore S content must be below 0.015% (weight).
Aluminium: below 0.1% (weight).
Aluminium has the effect of deoxidation in steelmaking process, be the element that adds in order to improve the molten steel purity.The aluminium fixedly nitrogen in the steel makes it to form stable compound, thereby improves the r value.But when above above 0.1% (weight), cost is improved, and make surface of steel plate produce the danger increase of defective, the possibility that also makes the steel plate stage take place to rupture increases.Therefore, aluminum content is fixed on below 0.1% (weight).
Nitrogen: below 0.005%.
By sneaking in the air, the nitrogen solid solution can make steel plate extremely harden in steel the time to nitrogen in steelmaking process, and the r value sharply descends.Therefore, it must be controlled at below 0.005% (weight).
About niobium: below 0.01% (weight), titanium: below 0.01% (weight), chromium: below 0.02% (weight), nickel: below 0.02% (weight).Has the effect that improves the molten steel purity, form carbide or nitride in addition, has the solid solution carbon of minimizing and nitrogen, improve the r value, and improve the anisotropic effect of steel plate, but addition can make recrystallization temperature raise when too much, the continuous annealing furnace operability worsens, and has therefore stipulated the upper limit of adding separately.
Manufacture method below is described.
Is that processing characteristics and the deep drawability of representative maintain a good state with average r value and unit elongation in order to make behind annealing and secondary cold-rolling, final rolling temperature need remain on more than the Ar3 transformation temperature, yet when surpassing 1000 ℃, because the tissue of steel plate is thick easily, and processing characteristics is reduced, therefore final rolling temperature should remain on more than the Ar3 transformation temperature, below 1000 ℃.
Finish before begin to batch from hot rolling, speed of cooling remain on 30 ℃/more than the s, can make the structure refinement of steel plate, thereby make the finished product have good processing properties.
Coiling temperature is preferably in more than 500 ℃, below 700 ℃.If 500 ℃ of coiling temperature less thaies will cause the steel plate shape not good because of inhomogeneous cooling is even, be next operation pickling and the cold rolling difficulty of bringing.On the other hand, surpassing 700 ℃ when batching, can make hot-rolled sheet organize thick and reduce final processing characteristics.
Cold roling reduction after the pickling is defined between 80～95%.If draught less than 80%, can make the r value of material descend, do not reach sufficient deep drawability.In addition, in order to obtain ultrafine steel plate, once cold rolling shape amount too hour, hot-rolled sheet thickness must reduce, thereby worsens the operability of hot-rolled process.But when draught greater than 95% the time, the anisotropy of steel plate increases, system ear phenomenon is serious.
Annealing temperature is defined in below 730 ℃.At first annealing temperature must be higher than recrystallization temperature, and recrystallization temperature is change to some extent owing to the variation of composition, does not therefore stipulate the lower limit that it is concrete at this.When recrystallization temperature was too high, the too high meeting of annealing temperature made the intensity of ultra low-carbon steel on the low side.Defectives such as steel plate fracture and warpage can appear when in addition, continuous annealing is too high.
In order to make material more stable, annealing time was preferably in more than 20 seconds, carried out soaking.
The secondary cold-rolling draught is defined between 2～10%.The secondary cold-rolling draught can not be eliminated yield point elongation less than 2% o'clock, and the undercapacity of steel plate.But after draught was greater than 10%, the unit elongation of material sharply descended below 25%, to system jar generation detrimentally affect.
According to above manufacture method, the steel plate thickness piece of the present invention after with secondary cold-rolling is decided to be below the 0.24mm.
Beneficial effect:
Improved steel for seamless tin chemical ingredients of the present invention and manufacture method, owing to limited by composition, continuous annealing temperature and secondary cold-rolling deflection to ultra low-carbon steel, and hot-rolled sheet and once cold rolling thickness of slab made regulation, thereby can produce ultrafine steel for seamless tin plate with good deep drawability and processing characteristics.The present invention can improve system jar lumber recovery, saves ample resources, cuts down the consumption of energy and cost, has improved productivity effect.
Embodiment
The steel that contains heterogeneity shown in the table 1 below after smelting with slab at 1230 ℃ of reheat, 880～910 ℃ of finish rolling, 650 ℃ are batched, again with these cold-rolling of steel plate to 0.25mm, be lower than recrystallization annealing below 730 ℃ then, becoming thickness less than the ultrafine steel for seamless tin plate of 0.24mm through 2～10% secondary cold-rollings at last.
A-F is a ultra low-carbon steel in the table 1, and wherein the carbon content of steel F is greater than 0.003% (weight), and steel G is a carbon aluminium-killed steel.
Table 1 chemical ingredients (unit in the table: weight percent)
| Steel | C | Si | Mn | P | S | N | Al | Other |
| A | 0.0011 | 0.0024 | 0.19 | 0.005 | 0.0053 | 0.0039 | 0.001 | |
| B | 0.0017 | 0.0040 | 0.28 | 0.010 | 0.0049 | 0.0016 | 0.041 | 0.02％Cr，0.02％Ni |
| C | 0.0013 | 0.0030 | 0.28 | 0.005 | 0.0045 | 0.0018 | 0.048 | 0.01％Cr，0.01％Ni |
| D | 0.0017 | 0.0030 | 0.22 | 0.012 | 0.010 | 0.0018 | 0.024 | 0.003％Nb，0.007％Ti |
| E | 0.0026 | 0.0070 | 0.21 | 0.0040 | 0.0038 | 0.0032 | 0.018 | 0.0023％Nb |
| The F Comparative Examples | 0.0033 | 0.0045 | 0.26 | 0.0041 | 0.0045 | 0.0038 | 0.001 | |
| The G Comparative Examples | 0.0386 | 0.009 | 0.24 | 0.010 | 0.0034 | 0.0034 | 0.052 | 0.01％Cr，0.01％Ni |
The result of above-mentioned test is summarized in the table 2.Adopt the JIS5# sample when wherein testing tensile property.The r value adopts the JIS5# sample to utilize 3 methods to test, and will be made as r respectively with respect to the r value on 0 °, 45 ° of rolling direction and the 90 ° of all directions
0, r
45And r
90, and calculate r by following formula
m:
r
m＝(r
0+2r
45+r
90)/4，Δr＝(r
0-2r
45+r
90)/2
R wherein
mBe average r value.
For the system jar, the steel plate yield strength needs greater than 240MPa, and the absolute value of Δ r needs less than 0.2, otherwise system ear phenomenon is serious, will reduce system jar lumber recovery.
Above-mentioned test-results shows, the r value of carbon aluminium-killed steel G only 1.0 is far below the r value of ultra low-carbon steel A-F.
The manufacturing process of steel F and steel A-4 is basic identical, but the carbon content of steel F is higher than 0.003% (weight), its unit elongation only 20.5%, and the absolute value of Δ r is also greater than 0.2.
The secondary cold-rolling deflection of steel A-1 is less than 2%, and yield strength is on the low side, and only 204MPa does not meet system jar requirement.Steel A-2 is identical with other processing condition of steel A-1, but the secondary cold-rolling deflection is 2.1%, and its yield strength can reach 240MPa, reaches the system jar lower limit that requires.But the secondary cold-rolling deflection is greater than after 10%, and as steel A-5 and E-3, the intensity of material is increased to more than the 330MPa, but unit elongation acutely descends (＜23.8%), the absolute value of Δ r is also greater than 0.2.
Therefore, when carbon content less than 0.003% (weight), as steel A, B, C, D and E with method of the present invention promptly pass through hot rolling, 80～95% once cold rolling, less than 730 ℃ of annealing, after 2～10% the secondary cold-rolling distortion, the unit elongation of resulting ultrafine steel for seamless tin plate is greater than 30%, the r value is greater than 1.5, and intensity meets system jar requirement, and the absolute value of Δ r is also in 0.2.
The feature of steel for seamless tin plate of the present invention or steel band also can be such: its crystal grain diameter is 7～15 microns.
Table 2 mechanical property
| Steel | Tp/℃ | D2/％ | YS/MPa | TS/MPa | EL/％ | r m | Δr |
| The A-1 Comparative Examples | 700 | 1.7 | 204 | 325 | 44.0 | 1.7 | 0.18 |
| Steel | Tp/℃ | D2/％ | YS/MPa | TS/MPa | EL/％ | r m | Δr |
| A-2 | 700 | 2.1 | 240 | 330 | 42.3 | 1.9 | 0.17 |
| A-3 | 680 | 5.9 | 282 | 357 | 35.1 | 1.8 | -0.05 |
| A-4 | 680 | 7.7 | 320 | 362 | 30.1 | 2.1 | -0.15 |
| The A-5 Comparative Examples | 680 | 12.0 | 344 | 389 | 23.8 | 2.3 | 0.27 |
| B | 720 | 4.6 | 306 | 361 | 36.2 | 1.6 | 0.17 |
| C | 680 | 5.6 | 264 | 361 | 42.2 | 1.8 | 0.10 |
| D | 680 | 6.0 | 302 | 376 | 34.3 | 1.9 | 0.09 |
| E-1 | 680 | 2.0 | 245 | 320 | 38.2 | 1.6 | 0.12 |
| E-2 | 680 | 5.2 | 258 | 332 | 35.8 | 1.7 | 0.02 |
| The E-3 Comparative Examples | 680 | 10.8 | 335 | 370 | 20.5 | 1.6 | -0.23 |
| The F Comparative Examples | 680 | 7.1 | 316 | 382 | 23.3 | 1.8 | -0.21 |
| The G Comparative Examples | 680 | 1.0 | 297 | 392 | 35.4 | 1.0 | -0.09 |
*D2 is the secondary cold-rolling deflection, and Tp is an annealing temperature, and YS is a yield strength, and TS is a tensile strength, and EL is a unit elongation.
The present invention is limited by composition, continuous annealing temperature and the secondary cold-rolling deflection to ultra low-carbon steel, and hot-rolled sheet and once cold rolling thickness of slab have been made regulation, thereby can produce deep drawability and the good ultrafine steel for seamless tin plate of processing characteristics.Steel for seamless tin plate or steel band by described manufacture method is made owing to reduced the deflection of annealing temperature and secondary cold-rolling, have reduced the energy consumption in the production process, have improved resource utilization, have reduced production cost.In addition because the attenuate of seamless tin thickness, save plate or be with heavyly more than 10%, simultaneously because its good deep drawability and processing characteristics, improved the lumber recovery and the productivity of system jar process.
Claims (2)
1. the manufacture method of a steel for seamless tin, described Twopiece Can with the chemical component weight per-cent of steel is: carbon 0.0017%～0.003%; Silicon≤0.02%; Manganese 0.1%～1.0%; Phosphorus≤0.015%; Sulphur≤0.020%; Aluminium≤0.1%; Nitrogen≤0.005%; At least a in niobium≤0.01%, titanium≤0.01%, chromium≤0.02%, the nickel 0.01～0.02%; Remainder is iron and unavoidable impurities; It is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A) steel billet is rolling after 1100～1250 ℃ of heating, at Ar
3The single-phase austenitic area finish to gauge of above temperature, hot-rolled sheet thickness is less than 3mm, 500 ℃～700 ℃ of coiling temperatures;
B) deflection with 80～95% is cold rolling after overpickling;
C) in continuous annealing furnace, carry out recrystallization annealing with temperature less than 730 ℃;
D) at last with 2～10% deflection secondary cold-rolling, obtain finished product.
2. the manufacture method of steel for seamless tin according to claim 1 is characterized in that: finish before begin to batch from hot rolling, speed of cooling remain on 30 ℃/more than the s.
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| CN103014483B (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2015-12-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | The secondary cold-rolling plate of high extension and manufacture method thereof |
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| WO2015146137A1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-01 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Steel plate for can and method for producing same |
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| CN85104306A (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1986-12-03 | 川崎制铁株式会社 | Pending surface-treated and do not produce the working method of the base steel sheet of degree of drawing shape decorative pattern |
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