CN101275155A - Clean production method for zitan and chitin - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a cleaning preparation method of processing and hydrolyzing protein and chitin using animal shell as raw material, firstly, drying the shrimp or crab shell, then grinding to 40-80 mesh, inputting in a restriction enzyme reactor to add water to blend, standing and swelling in a normal temperature; then heating the restriction enzyme reactor to 51-55 DEG C, adding mixed enzyme by weight ratio of 0.6 % of the input shell power material, adjusting pH 6.5-7.5, obtaining the restriction enzyme filter and net shrimp shell powder by pressure filtration after blending restriction enzyme; centrifuging and separating the filter, the lower layer residual fluid is decolored and secondary filtered, protein hydrolysate powder product is obtained by desalination, vacuum concentration and spray drying; obtaining chitin by the course that the net shell powder is added with hydrochloric acid solution to soak decalcification, then filtered, cleaned, dried after adding sodium hydroxide to neutral; the process has a reasonable line, easy controlled process, high production efficiency, better production quality, fit for industrial production, having small environmental pollution, lower cost.

Description

The clean method for producing of a kind of protolysate and chitin

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of with the Crustacean processing waste particularly wherein housing matter be the fabricating technology that cleans of raw material processing protolysate and chitin, the clean method for producing of particularly a kind of protolysate and chitin.

Background technology:

As everyone knows, aquatic animal protein tool high nutritive value very.A large amount of animal experiments show: aquatic animal albumen has tangible immunoregulation effect, antifatigue effect, radiation resistance, liver protection effect etc., the then easier utilization that is absorbed by the body of the protolysate that the applying biological method makes, have good water-solubility, water-retentivity, emulsifying property and oxidation-resistance simultaneously, be widely used in industries such as food, medicine, have very high economic worth.China's crust aboundresources, breed, the amount of finish of Crustacean are huge, and a large amount of processing wastes is arranged simultaneously, and only crab, shrimp shell waste reach more than 6000 tons every year, and wherein crude protein reaches 20～30%.The protein of recycling in the middle of the shrimp crab waste can pollution abatement, provides new food source for food and feedstuff industry again, and important economic benefit and social benefit are arranged.In addition, chitin (Chitin) has another name called chitin content up to 20～25% in the Crustacean processing waste.At present, it is found that chitin and derivative thereof have many premium propertiess, purposes is very extensive, in industries such as medicine, agricultural, environmental protection, food, weaving, printing and dyeing, plastics, color films application is arranged all.Particularly in medicine and health products trade, application prospect is more wide.

At present, there are the following problems in the utilization of Crustacean processing waste: processing technology is backward, product is single (only for chitin) thereby, cost is high causes the wasting of resources, and using strong acid, highly basic to cause severe contamination to produce high density, organic high-salinity wastewater again in a large number, its pollutant component comprises a large amount of CaCl ₂, salt such as NaCl, a large amount of animal proteinum (shrimp, crab glutelin) and degraded product thereof, shrimp (crab) shell pigment, grease, raw material itself impurity, a spot of chitin and the chitosan etc. brought into.To produce 1 ton of chitin daily, will discharge 10～150,000 tons of production wastes every year to environment water.Raw water is pitch-black smelly, and eutrophication, and aquaculture and water environment are brought severe contamination, even also can bring out red tide.In the improvement of chitin production waste, take simple end treatment mode at present, disposable having high input, the running expense height, and be difficult to realize qualified discharge.The coastal chitin processing industry of China has hundreds of individual, because domestic chitin consumption is limited, large-tonnage product still export dependence is made a profit, but the disorderly competition of a large amount of producers makes chitin industry profit meagre again, and what have gets into a difficult position.Therefore, adopt the technology that cleans, the processing method of producing crust protolysate coproduction chitin and byproduct thereof is causing people's research and development and discussion.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that exists in the prior art processes, seek to provide a kind of environment-friendly type to clean comprehensive utilization Crustacean processing waste, produce the technical matters method of protolysate and coproduction chitin,, enhance productivity to increase economic benefit and social benefit.

To achieve these goals, the processing step of the inventive method comprise mainly that raw materials pretreatment, mixed enzyme enzyme are cut, column chromatography desalination, the preparation of protolysate powder and chitin preparation; Its specific embodiment is:

Raw materials pretreatment: earlier starting material such as shrimp, crab shell are dried under 85-90 ℃ temperature condition, it is standby it to be crushed to 40-80 purpose powder again;

The mixed enzyme enzyme is cut: pretreated powder is dropped into that enzyme is cut in the jar and left standstill swelling 1-2 hour after extraordinarily water stirs by the 3-4 of powder weight, enzyme being cut jar is heated to after 50-55 ℃ according to 0.6% adding mixed enzyme of the weight of input powder stock and to transfer pH value be that 6.5-7.5 carries out enzyme to denatured protein and cuts again, make it to be transformed into water-soluble protolysate solution body, again through coarse filtration, centrifugation, that smart filter obtains the thick fat shrimp sauce of clean shell powder, smart filtrate and byproduct respectively is standby; Wherein the weight proportion of mixed enzyme is a trypsinase: Bacillus subtilus 1.398 proteolytic enzyme: papoid=1: 2: 1;

The column chromatography desalination: the smart filtrate after the mixed enzyme enzyme cut adopts gel filtration method to decolour and desalting treatment gets Hydrolyzed protein liquid;

Protolysate powder preparation: will decolour, the Hydrolyzed protein liquid after the desalination promptly gets white, less salt after vacuum concentration, spraying drying, shrimp crab matter protolysate powder product;

Chitin preparation: will cut the clean shell powder that obtains through the mixed enzyme enzyme, and add the alkali neutralization again after acid solution (hydrochloric acid) is soaked decalcification in 10-12 hour, then after filtration, clean, dry and promptly get the chitin product through adding; The acid solution used of the acid soak hydrochloric acid solution of concentration 10-11% that is weight percentage wherein; Neutralization bases is NaOH; The thick fat shrimp sauce of byproduct after simultaneously enzyme being cut can get pure shrimp sauce through refining.

The present invention compared with prior art, its technological design route is reasonable, raw material is reliable, processing step be easy to control, production efficiency height, good product quality; Particularly be suitable for suitability for industrialized production, and environmental pollution is little, cost is low.

Embodiment:

The present invention is further elaborated below by example:

Embodiment 1: with the shrimp shell is the feedstock production product, earlier the shrimp shell is placed 85-90 ℃ of oven dry down, more dried shrimp shell is crushed to the 40-80 order, after dropping into enzyme and cutting jar, cuts at enzyme and to add 3.5 times of water in the jar and stirred 30-60 minute, leaves standstill at normal temperatures swelling 1-2 hour; Then, enzyme cut jar be heated to 51-55 ℃, by 0.6% weight percent adding mixed enzyme, adjustment pH value is 6.5-7.5 according to the weight of drops into shrimp shell meal raw material, after the stirring enzyme is cut 2～4 hours, promptly get enzyme with the plate-and-frame filter press press filtration and cut smart filtrate and clean shrimp shell meal; Enzyme is cut smart filtrate centrifugation, and upper strata liquid is thick grease, and lower floor's remaining liq is a Hydrolyzed protein liquid, and after decolouring and smart for the second time filter, the desalination of last Sephadex G-10 post promptly gets protolysate powder product again after vacuum concentration, spraying drying again; After clean shell powder that will filtering separation obtains through the first time added 11% hydrochloric acid solution and soaks decalcification in 10-12 hour, the repeated hydrogenation sodium oxide was neutralized to neutrality, then after filtration, clean, dry the chitin product; To cut the thick grease of upper strata liquid that the liquid centrifugation goes out from enzyme and after refining, can get the shrimp sauce product.

Embodiment 2: step is identical with embodiment 1 with method, is raw material with the crab shell, and its quality product is identical.

Embodiment 3: step is identical with embodiment 1 with method, is raw material with shrimp and crab shell powder mix, and its quality product is identical.

Claims (3)

1. the clean method for producing of protolysate and chitin, processing step bag refer to that raw materials pretreatment, mixed enzyme enzyme are cut, column chromatography desalination, the preparation of protolysate powder and chitin preparation; It is characterized in that earlier shrimp, crab shell starting material being dried under 85-90 ℃ temperature condition, it is standby to be crushed to 40-80 purpose powder again; Powder dropped into that enzyme is cut in the jar and left standstill swelling 1-2 hour after extraordinarily water stirs by the 3-4 of powder weight, again enzyme is cut jar be heated to after 50-55 ℃ by drop into powder stock weight 0.6% to add mixed enzyme and transfer pH value be that 6.5-7.5 carries out enzyme to denatured protein and cuts, be transformed into water-soluble protolysate solution body, it is standby to obtain clean shell powder, smart filtrate and thick fat shrimp sauce respectively through coarse filtration, centrifugation, smart filter again; Smart filtrate after the mixed enzyme enzyme cut adopts gel filtration method to decolour and desalting treatment gets Hydrolyzed protein liquid; Again after vacuum concentration, spraying drying white, less salt, shrimp crab matter protolysate powder product; To cut the clean shell powder that obtains through the mixed enzyme enzyme, after adding acid soak 10-12 hour decalcification, add alkali neutralization again, then after filtration, clean, dry the chitin product; Thick fat shrimp sauce after enzyme cut gets pure shrimp sauce through refining.

2. the clean method for producing of protolysate according to claim 1 and chitin, the weight proportion that it is characterized in that mixed enzyme is a trypsinase: Bacillus subtilus 1.398 proteolytic enzyme: papoid=1: 2: 1.

3. the clean method for producing of protolysate according to claim 1 and chitin is characterized in that the be weight percentage hydrochloric acid solution of concentration 10-11% of the acid solution of using in the chitin preparation process; Neutralization bases is NaOH.