CN101274367A - Surface modification method of copper powder for conductive paste - Google Patents
Surface modification method of copper powder for conductive paste Download PDFInfo
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- CN101274367A CN101274367A CNA2007100346160A CN200710034616A CN101274367A CN 101274367 A CN101274367 A CN 101274367A CN A2007100346160 A CNA2007100346160 A CN A2007100346160A CN 200710034616 A CN200710034616 A CN 200710034616A CN 101274367 A CN101274367 A CN 101274367A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for decorating the surface of copper powder used in conductive paste, which relates to the processing of metal powder, in particular to the characteristic improvement and the coating of the metal powder. The method is characterized in that: the copper powder is dispersed into a water solution that contains a dispersing agent, an organic mixed acid is added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed for 30 to 90 min; a reductant is added, temperature is increased to 50 to 90 DEG C and heat preservation reaction occurs for 60 to 120 min; a coating agent is added for carrying out the heat preservation reaction for 60 to 150 min; then liquid-solid separation, washing and vacuum drying are carried out to finish the method. The adding amount of additional substances is as follows: the copper powder : the dispersing agent : the organic mixed acid : the reductant : the coating agent is equal to 1 : 0.05 to 0.25 : 0.05 to 0.5 : 0.1 to 1 : 0.05 to 0.5, and the ratio of liquid to solid is 4 to 8 : 1. The antioxidant capability of the copper powder is improved by the two processes of recrystallization and organic coating, thereby solving the problem of the serious oxidation of copper during the sintering process of the paste and greatly improving the stability of the conductive paste due to the existence of an organic-inorganic interface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing of metal dust, particularly relate to and improve its character and, relate to surface modification method and modification technology more specifically copper powder to the coating of powder.
Background technology
Along with the microminiaturization of electronic devices and components and the development of functionalization, drive the development of electric slurry greatly, the popularity of especially silver-colored series electron slurry is used.Yet because transport phenomena can take place silver in wet environment, thereby reduced the reliability of electronic devices and components, silver powder costs an arm and a leg in addition, makes exploitation have high-performance, and base metal slurry of new generation cheaply is very urgent.The copper series conductive slurry is considered to desirable regeneration product.But copper powder is owing to thereby the easy oxidized electric conductivity of slurry that makes descends greatly.Therefore the oxidation resistance that how to improve copper powder becomes key.
At present, the main anti-oxidation tech of copper powder has:
(1) surface plating inert metal
Adopt chemical plating, methods such as vacuum evaporation plate one deck inert metal on the copper powder surface, and are normally silver-plated.
(2) add an amount of reducing agent
In the pulp preparation process, add a small amount of organic reducing agent,, the oxide-film on copper powder surface is reduced to metallic copper, and suppresses its oxidation as amine, aldehyde, phenol, carboxylic acid etc.
(3) adopt coupling agent treatment
Adopting titanate esters or silane is that the coupling machine coats processing to the copper powder surface.
First kind better with the third method effect, but cost is higher and technology is comparatively complicated.Although the slurry electric conductivity that second method obtains is better, because slurry is solidifying and when sintering process was in weak oxide atmosphere, oxidization of copper powder was serious, makes that made electronic devices and components performance is not good.
In the prior art, the patent No. is 92100920.8 " surface treatment method of conductive copper powder ", a kind of technology is provided, be to remove the organic matter on copper powder surface with conventional method earlier, slough the oxide-film of copper again with acid, clean to neutral, then pure copper powders is fully disperseed with the organic solvent weak solution impregnation process of coupling agent and Z B-3 composite treating agent, the copper powder that obtains is applicable to the conductive filler of conductive copper pastes such as electrically conductive ink, electrically-conducting paint, electroconductive binder.But the deficiency of this method is the chemical reagent that needs with expensive; Main is owing to only removed the oxide-film on copper powder surface in the pickling stage, the active part to the copper powder surface does not carry out the deactivation processing, and the pickling later stage, because the rising of solution system pH, the copper powder surface is oxidized once more, this layer oxide-film belongs to the low-temperature oxidation film, and be loose porous, is difficult to play the effect that suppresses oxidation.Thereby this method is not suitable for the processing of copper powder for conductive paste.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is the antioxygenic property, particularly antioxygenic property at high temperature that improves copper powder, makes it have good dispersiveness simultaneously.
Copper powder surface modification method of the present invention comprises recrystallization and organic coating two parts, and concrete steps and process conditions are as follows: copper powder is joined in the aqueous solution that contains dispersant, add organic nitration mixture, the reaction time is 30～90min; Add reducing agent then, be warming up to 50～90 ℃ gradually, insulation 60～180min, reaction is recrystallized; Add covering, insulation 60～180min carries out coating reaction; Through liquid-solid separation, wash, vacuum drying gets final product again.
The copper powder addition is 4～8: 1 by liquid-solid ratio;
Dispersant is a kind of in ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol (DEG), triethylene glycol, glycerine, the PPG;
Organic nitration mixture is the mixture of A and B, and A is a kind of in formic acid, acetate, citric acid, the tartaric acid, and B is a kind of in oleic acid and the stearic acid, and mixing ratio is A: B=4: 1～10: 1;
Reducing agent is a kind of in hydrazine hydrate, ascorbic acid, inferior sodium phosphate, glucose, the formaldehyde; Covering is ethylene diamine, dimethyl ethylene diamine, TEMED, diethylene diamine, a kind of or mixture in triethanolamine, the hexamethylenetetramine.
Addition is a benchmark with the copper powder, is respectively:
Copper powder: dispersant: organic acid: reducing agent: covering (mol ratio)=1: 0.05～0.25: 0.05～0.5: 0.1～1: 0.05～0.5.
In course of reaction, preferably in system, feed protective gas N
2, He, Ne, Ar, CO
2Deng inert gas, make to be reflected under the protective atmosphere and carry out.
Optimum process condition is:
(1) the copper powder addition is 6～6.5: 1 by liquid-solid ratio;
(2) dispersant adopts glycerine, and addition is copper powder: glycerine=1: 0.05～0.1;
(3) organic nitration mixture adopts citric acid and oleic acid to mix, and mixed ratio is 6～8: 1, and addition is copper powder: mixed acid=1: 0.1～0.2, and the pickling reaction time is 60～90min;
(4) reducing agent adopts inferior sodium phosphate, and addition is copper powder: inferior sodium phosphate=1: 0.25～0.5, reaction temperature are 65～80 ℃, and the insulation reaction time is 90～120min;
(5) covering adopts diethylene diamine, and addition is copper powder: diethylene diamine=1: 0.2～0.3, coating reaction temperature are 65～80 ℃, and the time is 90～120min;
The inventive method compared with prior art has following advantage and result:
The used method of operating of the present invention is simple, with low cost, no especial equipment requirements, advantage such as technology stability is good.In addition, because the present invention has not only considered the anti-oxidant problem of copper powder in the anti-oxidant and pulp preparation process in the stage of preservation, and the oxidization of copper powder problem in the consideration slurry sintering process, therefore, by the present invention the finishing that copper powder carries out is handled, not only can be improved the oxidation resistance of copper powder, solved the serious problem of copper oxidation in the slurry sintering process, and because the existence at organic and inorganic interface makes the stability of electrocondution slurry also improve greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 handles the stereoscan photograph of preceding copper powder for the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of the inventive method recrystallization copper powder after handling;
Fig. 3 coats the thermogravimetric analysis figure of the copper powder after handling for the inventive method;
Fig. 4 for the inventive method after handling copper powder and the forced oxidation resolution chart of untreated copper powder.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The 80g copper powder is joined in the 0.5L aqueous solution that contains the 0.05mol glycerine, add the formic acid of 0.15mol and the mixed acid of oleic acid, mixed proportion is 4: 1; stir mixed 60min; add the inferior sodium phosphate of 0.2mol, under protective atmosphere, be warming up to 70 ℃ gradually; insulation reaction 120min; add the diethylene diamine of 0.25mol, insulation reaction 90min is again through liquid-solid separation; washing, vacuum drying gets final product.
Embodiment 2
The 120g copper powder is joined in the 0.5L aqueous solution that contains the 0.1mol glycerine, add the citric acid of 0.37mol and the mixed acid of oleic acid, mixed proportion is 5: 1; stir mixed 90min; the hydrazine hydrate that adds 0.3mol, under protective atmosphere, be warming up to 50 ℃ gradually after; insulation reaction 90min; the TEMED that adds 0.45mol is behind the insulation reaction 90min, again through liquid-solid separation; washing, vacuum drying gets final product.
Embodiment 3
The 65g copper powder is joined in the 0.5L aqueous solution that contains the 0.05mol triethylene glycol, add the tartaric acid of 0.2mol and the mixed acid of oleic acid, mixed proportion is 6: 1; stir mixed 60min; add the glucose of 0.4mol, under protective atmosphere, be warming up to 90 ℃ gradually; insulation reaction 150min; add the diethylene diamine of 0.12mol, insulation reaction 90min is again through liquid-solid separation; washing, vacuum drying gets final product.
Embodiment 4
The 80g copper powder is joined in the aqueous solution that contains the 0.05mol PPG, add tartaric acid and the stearic acid of 0.5mol, mixed proportion is 6: 1; stir mixed 30min; the formaldehyde that adds 0.2mol, under protective atmosphere, be warming up to 60 ℃ gradually after; insulation reaction 90min; the TEMED that adds 0.25mol, insulation reaction 90min, liquid-solid separation; washing, vacuum drying gets final product.
Embodiment 5
The 100g copper powder is joined in the aqueous solution that contains the 0.1mol glycerine, add citric acid and the stearic acid of 0.12mol, mixed proportion is 5: 1; stir mixed 60min; add the ascorbic acid of 0.25mol, under protective atmosphere, be warming up to 80 ℃ gradually; insulation reaction 120min; add the diethylene diamine of 0.18mol, insulation reaction 90min is again through liquid-solid separation; washing, vacuum drying gets final product.
Embodiment 6
The 80g copper powder is joined in the aqueous solution that contains the 0.05mol glycerine, add the acetate of 0.1mol and the mixed acid of oleic acid, mixed proportion is 6: 1; stir mixed 60min; add the inferior sodium phosphate of 0.2mol, under protective atmosphere, be warming up to 70 ℃ gradually; insulation reaction 120min; add the triethanolamine of 0.5mol, insulation reaction 120min is again through liquid-solid separation; washing, vacuum drying gets final product.
The stereoscan photograph of the used copper powder of the inventive method as shown in Figure 1, the stereoscan photograph of the copper powder after re-crystallization step is handled as shown in Figure 2, from the contrast of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as can be seen, the copper powder surface ratio before handling is more coarse, surface-active is very big; And by after the recrystallization processing, the copper powder surface becomes smooth, and is smooth, and surface-active reduces greatly, thereby has improved the stability of powder itself.
As can be seen from Figure 3, the copper powder after the inventive method gives finishing has good non-oxidizability, especially when temperature is lower than 300 ℃, does not have remarkable oxidation weight gain.
The forced oxidation test is by measuring copper powder under air atmosphere, 1 hour oxidation weight gain situation at a certain temperature.Can clearly find out that from the contrast test of Fig. 4 the copper powder behind the surface modification has better oxidation resistance than undressed copper powder.
Claims (7)
1. the surface modification method of a copper powder for conductive paste is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Copper powder is joined in the aqueous solution that contains dispersant, and its liquid-solid ratio is 4～8: 1; Add organic acid, stir to mix and carry out pickling, the reaction time is 30～90min;
Add reducing agent, be warming up to 50～90 ℃, the reduction reaction time is 60～180min;
Add covering, insulation reaction 60～180min finishes coating reaction;
Dispersant is a kind of in ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol (DEG), triethylene glycol, glycerine, the PPG;
Organic nitration mixture is the mixture of A and B, and A is a kind of in formic acid, acetate, citric acid, the tartaric acid, and B is a kind of in oleic acid and the stearic acid, and mixing ratio is A: B=4～10: 1;
Reducing agent is a kind of in hydrazine hydrate, ascorbic acid, inferior sodium phosphate, glucose, the formaldehyde;
Covering is ethylene diamine, dimethyl ethylene diamine, TEMED, diethylene diamine, a kind of or mixture in triethanolamine, the hexamethylenetetramine;
Addition is:
Copper powder: dispersant: organic acid: reducing agent: covering (mol ratio)=1: 0.05～0.25: 0.05～0.5: 0.1～1: 0.05～0.5.
2. the surface modification method of copper powder for conductive paste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: course of reaction is carried out under protective atmosphere.
3. the surface modification method of copper powder for conductive paste according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described liquid-solid ratio is 6～6.5: 1.
4. the surface modification method of copper powder for conductive paste according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described dispersant is a glycerine, and addition is copper powder: glycerine=1: 0.05～0.1.
5. the surface modification method of copper powder for conductive paste according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described organic nitration mixture is the mixed acid of citric acid and oleic acid, and mixed ratio is 6～8: 1, and addition is, copper powder: mixed acid=1: 0.1～0.2, the pickling reaction time is 60～90min.
6. the surface modification method of copper powder for conductive paste according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described reducing agent is an inferior sodium phosphate, and addition is copper powder: inferior sodium phosphate=1: 0.25～0.5, described reduction reaction temperature is 65～80 ℃, and the reaction time is 90～120min.
7. the surface modification method of copper powder for conductive paste according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described covering is a diethylene diamine, and addition is copper powder: diethylene diamine=1: 0.2～0.3, described coating reaction temperature is 65～80 ℃, and the reaction time is 90～120min.
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| CN101653826B (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-01-26 | 南京金视显科技有限公司 | Silver powder surface modification processing method |
| CN103128275A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-06-05 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Anti-oxidation method for superfine copper powder |
| WO2014059798A1 (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-24 | 复旦大学 | Nano-copper ink and copper conductive film preparation method |
| CN104028778A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-10 | 东北大学 | Quick nano-copper particle preparation method |
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| CN103128275A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-06-05 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Anti-oxidation method for superfine copper powder |
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