CN101270804B - Electric-controlled shifting mechanism for engineering machinery - Google Patents
Electric-controlled shifting mechanism for engineering machinery Download PDFInfo
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- CN101270804B CN101270804B CN2007101598188A CN200710159818A CN101270804B CN 101270804 B CN101270804 B CN 101270804B CN 2007101598188 A CN2007101598188 A CN 2007101598188A CN 200710159818 A CN200710159818 A CN 200710159818A CN 101270804 B CN101270804 B CN 101270804B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electronic gear shifting mechanism for construction machinery, essentially comprising an input unit, an analysis unit, an execution unit and a feedback unit, which are connected serially. The input unit is connected with the direction column of a cab. A gear shifting signal is sent out by the combination handle of automatic resetting collection type and then transportedto the analysis unit. The analysis unit processes the inputted gear shifting signal and provides an execution signal for the execution unit according to a position signal sent back by the feedback unit. The execution unit executes the execution dictates sent out by the analysis unit; consequently the gear shifting motion can be realized. The feedback unit tracks and sends back the actual situation of the gear shafting and transports the feedback signal to the analysis unit. The gear shifting movement of the invention accords with the stated operation mode, effectively prolonging the service life of a transmission case. Based on the change of the prior transmission case, the prior power source and the air supply of the vehicle can be used directly to realize the automatic operation mode ofthe speed-shifting mechanism without changing the transmission case and increasing the power unit. With a good succession, the production grade can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to construction machinery industry, specifically the gear shift system of loader series.
Background technique:
At present, the gearshift of known application on loader has two big classes: such as the mechanical type operating mechanism of the homemade gearbox of coupling with such as the electric liquid gearshift of coupling based on the ZF automatic transmission case of Germany.Generally adopt electric liquid gearshift abroad, the gearbox designs complexity, cost is higher.It is domestic that what adopt at present extensively is traditional mechanical type manual gearshift (rigidity linkage mechanism or gearshift flexible axle structure), but such gearshift transmission " node " is many, the operating space of shift handle is bigger, thereby it is big to cause assembling to adjust difficulty, transmission efficiency is lower, gearshift is " weight ", the shift hunting in travelling easily cause the operator anxiety and fatigue, potential safety hazard rises year by year.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of engineering machinery automatically controlled gearshift at above deficiency exactly, microprocessor by analytic unit is controlled, carry out reciprocating action by the gearbox valve rod on the compound motion drive engineering machinery vehicle of digital cylinder piston rod, finishing the gearshift action.Have steady gearshift, gearshift accurately, it is little to take cab space, does not need characteristics such as special maintenance.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The automatically controlled gearshift of a kind of engineering machinery mainly is made of the input unit, analytic unit, performance element, the feedback unit that connect in turn.Input unit is connected with operator cabin direction post, gathers the formula combination handle that automatically resets and provides gear shifting signal and be transported to analytic unit; Analytic unit is handled the gear shifting signal of input and is provided the execution signal according to the position signal of feedback unit feedback for performance element; The various execution commands that performance element execution analysis unit provides, thus realize the gearshift action; The feedback unit actual act situation of will shifting gears is carried out following feedback, and feedback signal is transported to analytic unit.
Analytic unit also is connected with display unit, and the gear actual conditions are shown.
Also be provided with the safety protection switch between input unit and the analytic unit, to prevent the misoperation after vehicle stops.
Analytic unit mainly is made of control circuit and control valve system, control valve system is by solenoid directional control valve A, B, C, tee union SI, SII, reduction valve, discharging five-way and noise reduction outlet valve constitute, control circuit and solenoid directional control valve A, B, C connects, control solenoid directional control valve A, B, the keying of C, solenoid directional control valve A, B, the interface A3 of C, B3, C3 is connected with performance element, solenoid directional control valve A, B, C interface A2, B2, C2 respectively with the discharging five-way interface P1, P2, P3 connects, the interface A1 of solenoid directional control valve A is connected with the interface S6 of tee union SII, the interface B1 of solenoid directional control valve B is connected with the interface S5 of tee union SII, the interface C1 of solenoid directional control valve C is connected with the interface J1 of reduction valve, the interface J2 of reduction valve is connected with the interface S2 of tee union SI, the interface S3 of tee union SI is connected with the interface S4 of tee union SII, and the interface S1 of tee union SI connects gas source, and the interface P4 of discharging five-way is connected with the noise reduction outlet valve.
Performance element mainly is made of digital cylinder, the numeral cylinder is made of the main piston rod in cylinder body and the cylinder body, the first main piston ring, the second main piston ring, auxilliary piston rod, auxilliary piston ring, have inlet hole Q1, Q2, Q3 on the cylinder body, be provided with main piston rod in the cylinder body, the end of main piston rod has the first main piston ring, the outside of the first main piston ring is provided with the second main piston ring, is provided with reaction magnetic ring between the first main piston ring and the second main piston ring; Piston rod is assisted in the outer ring socket of main piston rod, and the end of auxilliary piston rod is connected with auxilliary piston ring, and main piston rod is connected with valve rod on the gearbox.
Be provided with the piston support ring between cylinder body and auxilliary piston ring, the second main piston ring, to reduce friction loss.
The piston support ring is a cupric tetrafluoro piston support ring.
Feedback unit mainly is made of four magnetic sensor elements K1, K2, KR, KN being provided with on the cylinder body, and magnetic sensor elements is connected with control circuit, in order to gather the position information of main piston rod.
Display unit is made of four light emitting diode L1, L2, LR, LN, be connected on the circuit board of analytic unit, according to four magnetic sensor elements K1, K2 on the cylinder body, the current location of KR, KN feedback and the control command of input, to show different gear information.
The beneficial effect that the present invention can reach is:
1, gearshift action of the present invention operator scheme up to specification: adjacent gear increases progressively the conversion of successively decreasing.Therefore effectively raise the working life of gearbox.
2, the present invention adopts the gear switch operating of electronic control, pneumatic complete engineering vehicle, overcoming the existing old-fashioned speed change manipulation of knowing clearly uses mechanical linkage directly to control the bigger deficiency of speed change valve rod steering force, compare with novel electric liquid speed change gear simultaneously, because novel electric liquid speed change gear must mate high-end gearbox, only the gearbox price is approximately saved 1 times.
3, the present invention is based on existing gearbox, need not change gearbox, need not increase power unit, directly utilize the low-cost increase of vehicle power and source of the gas, realize the gear maneuverability pattern of control automatically, not only reduction operation personnel's working strength, and production inheritance is good, and product specification improves obviously.
4, the present invention can not only make the driver easily finish the gearshift action reposefully, and gearshift accurately, it is little to take cab space, do not need special lubricated maintenance, reduced simultaneously because the difference that driver's gearshift technology exists causes the fuel economy of car load to improve and the increase of power character disposal of pollutants.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a general structure logic block-diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is assembly figure of the present invention (wherein Fig. 2-2 is the plan structure schematic representation of performance element among Fig. 2-1).
Fig. 3 is the structural representation (wherein Fig. 3-2 for the A of Fig. 3-1 to view) of analytic unit of the present invention.
The circuit theory diagrams of control circuit in Fig. 4 analytic unit.
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal profile schematic representation of digital cylinder in the performance element.
Fig. 6 is a gas circuit fundamental diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6: the automatically controlled gearshift of this project machinery, mainly input unit 1, analytic unit 2, performance element 3, the feedback unit 4 by connection in turn constitutes.Input unit 1 is connected with operator cabin direction post 10, gathers the formula combination handle 11 that automatically resets and provides gear shifting signal and be transported to analytic unit 2; Also be provided with safety protection switch 6 between input unit 1 and the analytic unit 2, to prevent the misoperation after vehicle stops; The gear shifting signal of 2 pairs of inputs of analytic unit is handled and is provided the execution signal according to the position signal of feedback unit 4 feedback for performance element 3; The various execution commands that performance element 3 execution analysis unit 2 provide, thus realize the gearshift action; The feedback unit 4 actual act situation of will shifting gears is carried out following feedback, and feedback signal is transported to analytic unit 2; Analytic unit 2 also is connected with display unit 5, and the gear actual conditions are shown.Wherein: analytic unit 2 mainly is made of control circuit 20 and control valve system, control valve system is by solenoid directional control valve A, B, C, tee union SI, SII, reduction valve J, discharging five-way P and noise reduction outlet valve X constitute, control circuit 20 and solenoid directional control valve A, B, C connects, control solenoid directional control valve A, B, the keying of C, solenoid directional control valve A, B, the interface A3 of C, B3, C3 is connected with performance element 2, solenoid directional control valve A, B, C interface A2, B2, C2 respectively with the interface P1 of discharging five-way P, P2, P3 connects, the interface A1 of solenoid directional control valve A is connected with the interface S6 of tee union S II, the interface B1 of solenoid directional control valve B is connected with the interface S5 of tee union SII, the interface C1 of solenoid directional control valve C is connected with the interface J1 of reduction valve, the interface J2 of reduction valve is connected with the interface S2 of tee union SI, the interface S3 of tee union SI is connected with the interface S4 of tee union SII, and the interface S1 of tee union SI connects gas source Q, and the interface P4 of discharging five-way P is connected with noise reduction outlet valve X.Control circuit is made of microprocessor MicrochipPIC16F917-I/PT and peripheral circuit thereof, wherein the P of microprocessor Microchip PIC16F917-I/PT
8, P
9Be connected with the formula combination handle 11 that automatically resets through pull-up resistor RK1, RK2 respectively, gather the gear shifting signal of the formula combination handle 11 that automatically resets; The P of microprocessor Microchip PIC16F917-I/PT
2, P
3, P
4, P
5Be connected with four magnetic sensor elements K1, K2, KR, KN through pull-up resistor R6, R7, R8, R9 respectively, gather the position information of main piston rod; The P of microprocessor Microchip PIC16F917-I/PT
32, P
35, P
36, P
37Be connected four light emitting diode L1, L2, LR, LN with four through resistance R 14, R15, R16, R17 respectively, show different gear information; The P of microprocessor Microchip PIC16F917-I/PT
19, P
20, P
21Through resistance R 3, triode Q1, resistance R 4, triode Q2 are connected with solenoid directional control valve A, B, C behind resistance R 5, the triode Q3 respectively, with the keying of control solenoid directional control valve A, B, C.Performance element mainly comprises digital cylinder, the numeral cylinder is made of the main piston rod 52 in cylinder body 53 and the cylinder body 53, the first main piston ring 56, the second main piston ring 55, auxilliary piston rod 51, auxilliary piston ring 54, have inlet hole Q1, Q2, Q3 on the cylinder body 53, be provided with main piston rod 52 in the cylinder body 53, the end of main piston rod 52 has the first main piston ring 56, the outside of the first main piston ring 56 is provided with between the second main piston ring, 54, the first main piston rings 56 and the second main piston ring 55 and is provided with reaction magnetic ring 57; Piston rod 51 is assisted in the outer ring socket of main piston rod 52, the end of auxilliary piston rod 51 is connected with auxilliary piston ring 54, main piston rod 52 is connected with valve rod 7 on the gearbox, is provided with cupric tetrafluoro piston support ring 58 between cylinder body 53 and auxilliary piston ring 54, the second main piston ring 55, to reduce friction loss.
Working procedure is roughly as follows: when vehicle launch (is opened the point source main switch, connect circuit) time, system automatically performs N retaining program, system powers simultaneously to solenoid directional control valve C, solenoid directional control valve A, after control circuit 20 is received the feedback signal of magnetic sensor elements K3,, cut off circuit after 1 second to solenoid directional control valve C, solenoid directional control valve A continued power, LN tutorial light in the display unit is bright simultaneously, prevents to lose control of one's vehicle with this;
The manipulation formula combination handle 11 that automatically resets, after the actuating signal input, after microprocessor MicrochipPIC16F917-I/PT analyzes current location and state, drive corresponding solenoid directional control valve C or solenoid directional control valve B or solenoid directional control valve A action, digital cylinder is according to solenoid directional control valve C, B, the keying situation of A makes up air inlet, can realize 10.5mm, 21mm, 31.5mm three strokes, the action of four positions, gear " R ": H=31.5mm, gear " N ": H=21mm, gear " 1 ": H=10.5mm, (H represents multidigit control figure cylinder main piston rod and the auxilliary piston rod displacement sum that relatively moves to gear " 2 ": H=0mm.) after microprocessor Microchip PIC16F917-I/PT receives the feedback signal of magnetic sensor elements K1, K2, KR, KN, solenoid directional control valve C or solenoid directional control valve B or solenoid directional control valve A are kept power supply cut off the electricity supply after 1 second, light emitting diode L1, L2, LR indicate corresponding gear information.Because of the present invention adopts positive and negative unidirectional circulation theory, so the logical relation between each action is as follows: R → ← N → ← F1 → ← F2.That is: when entering 1 retaining by the N retaining, this action is moved the formula combination handle of automatically reseting once for make progress (+) when current shift is " N ", system powers simultaneously to solenoid directional control valve C, 2, after control circuit 20 is received the feedback signal of magnetic switch 2, solenoid directional control valve C, solenoid directional control valve B continued power were cut off circuit after 1 second, and tutorial light " L1 " is lighted simultaneously; When entering the R retaining by the N retaining: this action is that downward (-) moves handle once when current shift is " N ", system powers to solenoid directional control valve C, after control circuit 20 is received the feedback signal of magnetic sensor elements KN, solenoid directional control valve C continued power was cut off circuit after 1 second, and tutorial light " LR " is lighted simultaneously; Can only enter the N retaining by the R retaining: this action is moved handle once for make progress (+) when current shift is " R ", system powers simultaneously to solenoid directional control valve C, solenoid directional control valve A, after control circuit 20 is received the feedback signal of magnetic sensor elements KR, solenoid directional control valve C, solenoid directional control valve A continued power were cut off circuit after 1 second, and tutorial light " LN " is lighted simultaneously; When current location was R, "-" to Joystick, system did not carry out any action; When entering the F2 retaining by the F1 retaining, this action is moved handle once for make progress (+) when current shift is " F1 ", system powers simultaneously to solenoid directional control valve A, solenoid directional control valve B, after control circuit 20 is received the feedback signal of magnetic sensor elements K1, solenoid directional control valve A, solenoid directional control valve B continued power were cut off circuit after 1 second, and tutorial light " L2 " is lighted simultaneously; When entering the N retaining by the F1 retaining: this action is that downward (-) moves handle once when current shift is " F1 ", system powers simultaneously to solenoid directional control valve C, solenoid directional control valve A, after control circuit 20 is received the feedback signal of magnetic sensor elements KR, solenoid directional control valve C, solenoid directional control valve A continued power were cut off circuit after 1 second, and tutorial light " LN " is lighted simultaneously; Can only enter the F1 retaining by the F2 retaining, this action is that downward (-) moves handle once when current shift is " F2 ", system powers simultaneously to solenoid directional control valve C, solenoid directional control valve B, after control circuit 20 is received the feedback signal of magnetic sensor elements K2, solenoid directional control valve C, solenoid directional control valve B continued power were cut off circuit after 1 second, and tutorial light " F1 " is lighted simultaneously, when current location is F2, "+" to Joystick, system does not carry out any action.
Gearshift action of the present invention operator scheme up to specification: adjacent gear increases progressively the conversion of successively decreasing, and therefore effectively raises the working life of gearbox; Adopt the gear switch operating of electronic control, pneumatic complete engineering vehicle, overcome existing old-fashioned speed change manipulation and used mechanical linkage directly to control the bigger deficiency of speed change valve rod steering force; Based on existing gearbox, need not change gearbox simultaneously, not need to increase power unit, directly utilize existing power supply, source of the gas just can use, not only reduction operation personnel's working strength, and production inheritance is good, and product specification improves obviously.Therefore the present invention can not only make the driver easily finish the gearshift action reposefully, and gearshift accurately, it is little to take cab space, do not need special lubricated maintenance, reduced simultaneously because the difference that driver's gearshift technology exists causes the fuel economy raising of car load, the increase of power character disposal of pollutants.
Claims (8)
1. automatically controlled gearshift of engineering machinery, mainly constitute by the input unit (1) that connects in turn, analytic unit (2), performance element (3), feedback unit (4), it is characterized in that: input unit (1) is connected with operator cabin direction post, gathers the gear shifting signal that the formula combination handle that automatically resets provides and is transported to analytic unit (2); Analytic unit (2) is handled the gear shifting signal of input and is that performance element (3) provides the execution signal according to the position signal of feedback unit (4) feedback; The various execution commands that performance element (3) execution analysis unit (2) provides, thus realize the gearshift action; Feedback unit (4) the actual act situation of will shifting gears is carried out following feedback, and feedback signal is transported to analytic unit (2), also is provided with safety protection switch (6) between input unit (1) and the analytic unit (2), to prevent the misoperation after vehicle stops.
2. automatically controlled gearshift of engineering machinery, mainly constitute by the input unit (1) that connects in turn, analytic unit (2), performance element (3), feedback unit (4), it is characterized in that: input unit (1) is connected with operator cabin direction post, gathers the gear shifting signal that the formula combination handle that automatically resets provides and is transported to analytic unit (2); Analytic unit (2) is handled the gear shifting signal of input and is that performance element (3) provides the execution signal according to the position signal of feedback unit (4) feedback; The various execution commands that performance element (3) execution analysis unit (2) provides, thus realize the gearshift action; Feedback unit (4) the actual act situation of will shifting gears is carried out following feedback, and feedback signal is transported to analytic unit (2), analytic unit (2) also is connected with display unit (5), the gear actual conditions are shown, also be provided with safety protection switch (6) between input unit (1) and the analytic unit (2), to prevent the misoperation after vehicle stops.
3. the automatically controlled gearshift of engineering machinery as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: analytic unit (2) mainly is made of control circuit (20) and control valve system, control valve system is by solenoid directional control valve A, solenoid directional control valve B, solenoid directional control valve C, tee union S I, tee union S II, reduction valve J, discharging five-way P and noise reduction outlet valve X constitute, control circuit (20) and solenoid directional control valve A, solenoid directional control valve B, solenoid directional control valve C connects, control solenoid directional control valve A, solenoid directional control valve B, the keying of solenoid directional control valve C, the interface A3 of solenoid directional control valve A, the interface B3 of solenoid directional control valve B, the interface C3 of solenoid directional control valve C is connected with performance element (3), the interface A2 of solenoid directional control valve A, the interface B2 of solenoid directional control valve B, the interface C2 of solenoid directional control valve C respectively with the interface P1 of discharging five-way P, P2, P3 connects, the interface A1 of solenoid directional control valve A is connected with the interface S6 of tee union S II, the interface B1 of solenoid directional control valve B is connected with the interface S5 of tee union S II, the interface C1 of solenoid directional control valve C is connected with the interface J1 of reduction valve J, the interface J2 of reduction valve is connected with the interface S2 of tee union S I, the interface S3 of tee union S I is connected with the interface S4 of tee union S II, the interface S1 of tee union S I connects gas source Q, and the interface P4 of discharging five-way is connected with noise reduction outlet valve X.
4. the automatically controlled gearshift of engineering machinery as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: performance element (3) mainly is made of digital cylinder, the numeral cylinder is by the main piston rod (52) in cylinder body (53) and the cylinder body (53), the first main piston ring (56), the second main piston ring (55), auxilliary piston rod (51), auxilliary piston ring (54) constitutes, cylinder body has inlet hole Q1 on (53), Q2, Q3, be provided with main piston rod (52) in the cylinder body (53), the end of main piston rod (52) has the first main piston ring (56), the outside of the first main piston ring (56) is provided with the second main piston ring (55), is provided with reaction magnetic ring (57) between the first main piston ring (56) and the second main piston ring (55); Piston rod (54) is assisted in the outer ring socket of main piston rod (52), and the end of auxilliary piston rod (51) is connected with auxilliary piston ring (54), and main piston rod (52) is connected with valve rod (7) on the gearbox.
5. the automatically controlled gearshift of engineering machinery as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: be provided with piston support ring (58) between cylinder body (53) and auxilliary piston ring (54), the second main piston ring (55), to reduce friction loss.
6. the automatically controlled gearshift of engineering machinery as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: piston support ring (58) is a cupric tetrafluoro piston support ring.
7. the automatically controlled gearshift of engineering machinery as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: feedback unit (4) is mainly gone up four magnetic sensor elements K1, the K2, KR, the KN that are provided with by cylinder body (53) and is constituted, four magnetic sensor elements K1, K2, KR, KN are connected with control circuit (20), in order to gather the position information of main piston rod (52).
8. the automatically controlled gearshift of engineering machinery as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: display unit (5) is made of four light emitting diode L1, L2, LR, LN, be connected on the circuit board in the central control box of analytic unit (2), according to four magnetic sensor elements K1, K2 in the feedback unit (4), the current location of KR, KN feedback and the control command of input, to show different gear information.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101598188A CN101270804B (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2007-12-19 | Electric-controlled shifting mechanism for engineering machinery |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710054498 | 2007-06-05 | ||
| CN200710054498.X | 2007-06-05 | ||
| CN2007101598188A CN101270804B (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2007-12-19 | Electric-controlled shifting mechanism for engineering machinery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101270804A CN101270804A (en) | 2008-09-24 |
| CN101270804B true CN101270804B (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101598188A Expired - Fee Related CN101270804B (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2007-12-19 | Electric-controlled shifting mechanism for engineering machinery |
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| CN (1) | CN101270804B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101900206B (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2013-05-22 | 钱潮轴承有限公司 | Gear shifting cylinder for automatic gearbox |
| CN103883728A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-06-25 | 洛阳市黄河软轴控制器股份有限公司 | Novel electric-pneumatic control system |
| CN103791080B (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2016-02-24 | 洛阳市黄河软轴控制器股份有限公司 | Road roller automatically controlled speed change block selecting control system |
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2007
- 2007-12-19 CN CN2007101598188A patent/CN101270804B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101270804A (en) | 2008-09-24 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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Owner name: LUOYANG YELLOW RIVER FLEXIBLE SHAFT CONTROLLER CO. Free format text: FORMER NAME: LUOYANG YELLOW RIVER CABLE +CABLE CONTROLLER CO., LTD. |
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 471003 Henan Province, Luoyang high tech Development Zone Hou Road No. 1 Patentee after: Luoyang Yellow River Flexible Shaft Controller Co., Ltd. Address before: 471003 Henan city of Luoyang province high tech Zone Hou Road No. 006 Patentee before: Luoyang Yellow River Cable &Cable Controller Co., Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20110105 Termination date: 20161219 |