CN101270801B - Gear torsional moment converter and reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission - Google Patents
Gear torsional moment converter and reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN101270801B CN101270801B CN2008100735163A CN200810073516A CN101270801B CN 101270801 B CN101270801 B CN 101270801B CN 2008100735163 A CN2008100735163 A CN 2008100735163A CN 200810073516 A CN200810073516 A CN 200810073516A CN 101270801 B CN101270801 B CN 101270801B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gear torque converter and a round-trip piston power machine of gear transmission applied to the gear torque converter. The gear torque converter includes a main drive shaft,a crankshaft, a gear system between the main drive shaft and the crankshaft. The main drive shaft and the crankshaft are the input shaft and the output shaft of the force torque transformation respectively. The main drive shaft and the crankshaft can be one or multiple. Two gear systems including an incomplete gear are arranged between each main drive shaft and the corresponding crankshaft. The absolute value of the transmission ratio of the two gear systems are the same. Each main drive shaft alternately meshes with the two gear systems via the incomplete gear. The crankshaft can be any driven shaft in the gear system. The round-trip piston power machine of the gear torque converter can greatly improve the mechanical efficiency of a force converting mechanism and the effective thermal efficiency of the whole machine, reducing the discharge of the incomplete comburent, the noise pollution and the thermal pollution. The round-trip piston power machine is convenient for using the prior mature power machine technology with the convenient upgrade and easy implementation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of round piston engine and power moment of torsion reforming unit thereof, the gear torsional moment converter of the gear-driven round piston engine of especially a kind of usefulness, and this reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission.
Background technique
The alleged power engine of this paper comprises internal-combustion engine and steamer.At present, in the power engine field, it is the darkest, most widely used to come and go internal-combustion piston engine research with crankshaft-link rod, all is widely used in each economic field and national defense construction.The power transformation mechanism that this crankshaft-link rod comes and goes internal-combustion piston engine is a sine generator scotch yoke, and when bent axle rotated, there were two stops in piston.The closer to stop, crankshaft ﹠ connecting is low more with the efficient that combustion gas thrust is converted into crankshaft torque, and stop is the dead point that power transforms.At the dead point, not only combustion gas thrust can not be converted into crankshaft torque, and be easy to generate vibration, reduce working life., fuel blast, combustion gas produces maximum thrust just near dead point and dead point to piston, and at this moment, connecting bar and crankshaft can not be converted into crankshaft torque with combustion gas thrust effectively, shows the low defective of mechanical efficiency; Treat piston away from the dead point, combustion gas thrust descends, and after temperature reduced, connecting bar and crankshaft could be converted into crankshaft torque with combustion gas thrust effectively, causes the very big loss of the thermal efficiency.In addition, when crankshaft-link rod is converted into crankshaft torque to combustion gas thrust, also piston is pressed on the cylinder wall, produces very big surface friction drag, reduce crankshaft torque; And combustion gas thrust is big more, and surface friction drag is big more, and the crankshaft torque of loss is big more, has further reduced the mechanical efficiency of crankshaft-link rod power transformation mechanism.
Since the sixties in last century California, USA occurs by environmental crisis, the early seventies energy crisis of motor vehicle emission with other industrial pollution initiation; and global greenhouse effect causes after the concern; greatly stimulated the research of internal-combustion engine environmental protection; fuel price constantly rose violently in recent years; worry fuel oil exhaustion, more excite the desire of people the internal-combustion engine energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Know very well crankshaft-link rod to come and go the defective of piston IC engine, it is unrealistic to want it to reach very high effective thermal efficiency, people expect to replace crankshaft-link rod power transformation mechanism with a kind of better power transformation mechanism, and on the rational faculty attention are focused on rotary piston RC engine.But, through effort in more than 100 years, to attempt many power and transformed scheme, the power of also not finishing rotary piston RC engine transforms the breakthrough of core technology, and it is more excellent that actual still connecting bar and crankshaft comes and goes the piston IC engine performance.Chinese patent application 200610126406.X (variable speed gear rotary piston power machine), the technology that replaces the crankshaft-link rod transmission with gear transmission is disclosed first, realize from the laboratory that just the power of rotary piston RC engine transforms the breakthrough of core technology, energy-saving and emission-reduction significantly.But the rotating member of this rotary piston RC engine is more, and manufacture cost may be higher.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention, be for coming and going the gear-driven gear torsional moment converter that pass through that piston engine provides that a kind of structure is simpler, the power transformation efficiency is higher and is convenient to the prior art device upgrade, and application have the reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission of this gear torsional moment converter.
Discover, gear transmission is outside the pale of civilization except being applicable to that rotary piston power machine is made torque axis, as to be used for piston be that the power engine of back and forth movement is made moment of torsion and transformed, can eliminate equally the connecting bar and crankshaft reciprocating piston power machine the loss of machine of torque when two piston stops, eliminate the big defective of connecting bar and crankshaft gearing friction loss, increase substantially mechanical efficiency; The piston stroke that selective combustion efficient is higher equally arbitrarily, effective thermal efficiency is higher increases substantially effective thermal efficiency, significantly energy-saving and emission-reduction.Particularly, to existing connecting bar and crankshaft reciprocating piston power machine, reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission only need replace the low connecting bar and crankshaft transmission of former mechanical efficiency with the high gear transmission of mechanical efficiency, and other internal-combustion engine technology can a complete set ofly be used, and technology upgrading is convenient.The power transformation mechanism of the reciprocating piston power machine that this is new is the gear torsional moment converter of indication of the present invention.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technological scheme that gear torsional moment converter of the present invention adopted is: this gear torsional moment converter includes the train of gearings between driving shaft, arbor and driving shaft and the arbor, and driving shaft and arbor are respectively input and the output shaft that the power moment of torsion transforms; Described driving shaft and arbor can be one or more, are provided with two train of gearings that comprise partial gear between each driving shaft and the corresponding arbor, and the velocity ratio absolute value of these two train of gearings equates; Every driving shaft is by partial gear and the alternately engagement of this two train of gearings; Arbor can be selected for use and be any driven shaft in the described train of gearings.(being that following narration is convenient, is " shaftgear torsional moment converter " at this gear torsional moment converter that defines this programme.)
The concrete structure and the form of the train of gearings that comprises partial gear between above-mentioned driving shaft and arbor can freely make up according to the general general knowledge of train of gearings engagement, and be not limited to a certain fixed form.
Tooth bar is the special case of infinitely-great gear as diameter, and when being applied to such scheme as driving shaft gear, the gear torsional moment converter of formation is defined herein as " rack pinion torsional moment converter ".The concrete structure of rack pinion torsional moment converter can for: every driving shaft is provided with a pair of tooth bar, and this two toothed rack is that the parallel connection of back of tooth tooth is affixed, or is that tooth and tooth are affixed; Described two train of gearings separately by partial gear regularly with the alternately engagement of wherein a toothed rack.
The technological scheme of using the reciprocating piston power machine of said gear torsional moment converter is:
(1), uses the reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission (being designated hereinafter simply as " the shaftgear tooth returns power engine ") that above-mentioned shaftgear torsional moment converter is arranged, comprise cylinder, piston, with the gear torsional moment converter that is attached thereto, gear torsional moment converter includes the train of gearings between driving shaft, arbor and driving shaft and the arbor, and driving shaft and arbor are respectively input and the output shaft that the power moment of torsion transforms; Described driving shaft and arbor can be one or more, are provided with two train of gearings that comprise partial gear between each driving shaft and the corresponding arbor, and the velocity ratio absolute value of these two train of gearings equates; Every driving shaft is by partial gear and the alternately engagement of this two train of gearings; Arbor can be selected for use and be any driven shaft in the described train of gearings.
Above-mentioned application has the reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission of shaftgear torsional moment converter of the present invention, and its cylinder is the arc tubular; The driving shaft of gear torsional moment converter is positioned at the center of circle of arc tubular cylinder; Driving shaft directly is connected with piston or is connected with piston by tooth bar or piston link; This tooth bar or piston link have the radian that adapts with cylinder wall, can make camber line back and forth movement (being designated as code name H) in cylinder with piston.Utilize the inner partial gear of gear torsional moment converter to be interrupted the characteristic of engagement, intermittent drive, the thrust gas that piston is subjected to by driving shaft and partial gear system, is converted into the directed rotary driving force on the arbor.
Aforesaid arc tubular cylinder, also can specifically adopt following two kinds of structures:
1) cylinder block is that one is fixed.Driving shaft is connected with piston by the piston link, and this moment, the piston link was the L shape, and it connects piston side and has the radian that adapts with cylinder wall.
2) cylinder block is the partial fixing formula: described cylinder block by distance driving shaft outer cylinder body far away with affixed with piston and form by the inner cylinder body that the piston link is connected with driving shaft.In the process of power engine work, the piston that is fixed together, inner cylinder body and piston link are that the camber line back and forth movement is made in the center of circle with the driving shaft in the arc cylinder, by the shaftgear torsional moment converter combustion gas are converted into crankshaft torque to the thrust of piston again.
(2), use the reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission (being designated hereinafter simply as " rack tooth returns power engine ") that above-mentioned rack pinion torsional moment converter is arranged, its structure characteristic is: the gear diameter on the gear torsional moment converter driving shaft is for infinitely great, i.e. tooth bar.
Be specially: every driving shaft is provided with a pair of tooth bar, and promptly two toothed rack are that the parallel connection of back of tooth tooth is affixed, or is that tooth and tooth are affixed; Described two train of gearings separately by partial gear regularly with the alternately engagement of wherein a toothed rack.
Above-mentioned application has the reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission of rack pinion torsional moment converter of the present invention, and its cylinder is arc tubular or straight-tube shape (straight tube is infinitely-great arc tube for diameter in fact); The tooth bar of gear torsional moment converter and piston directly are connected to form piston-tooth bar assembly, and described tooth bar with have a radian that adapts with cylinder wall.
Under the working state, the piston-tooth bar assembly that promoted by combustion gas is done straight line back and forth movement (being designated as code name Z) in the cylinder of straight-tube shape, or adopts arc-shaped rack to make the camber line back and forth movement in arc tubular cylinder.Utilize the inner partial gear of gear torsional moment converter to be interrupted the characteristic of engagement, intermittent drive, the thrust gas that piston is subjected to by tooth bar and partial gear system, is converted into the directed rotary driving force on the arbor.
The reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission of using the said gear torsional moment converter comprises internal-combustion engine and steamer.
According to the above technological scheme and measure, the cylinder of reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission of the present invention can be made arc tubular or spiral tubular, piston and link make with cylinder in the space arcuation or the helical that adapt, and, can as required that quantity is different cylinder, piston, link be combined into the power engine of multiple structure, multi-cylinder voluntarily.Because driving shaft is positioned at the center of circle of arc tubular cylinder, arc tubular cylinder block is to be the circular arc or the circle in the center of circle with the driving shaft, if with " circle " representative " arc tubular cylinder block ", with " connecing " representative " piston link ", with " cylinder " representative " cylinder ", with " plug " representative " piston ", the structure that tooth returns power engine has a variety of, and for example: n (n is a natural number) circle n connects n cylinder n plug, and n circle n connects n cylinder 2n plug, n circle n connects 2n cylinder n plug, n circle n connects 2n cylinder 2n plug, and n circle 2n connects n cylinder 2n plug, and n circle 2n connects 2n cylinder 2n plug, n circle n connects 4n cylinder 2n plug, or the like.Cylinder block has the cylinder block of full fixed air cylinder body and partial fixing partial rotation; Piston can be made camber line back and forth movement and straight line back and forth movement, and the motion of a plurality of piston spaces is combined with synchronous cooperation and asynchronous cooperation.
The advantage of reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission of the present invention and good effect are:
When one, reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission of the present invention is as internal-combustion engine, owing to adopt gear to replace connecting bar and crankshaft combustion gas is converted into crankshaft torque to the thrust of piston, no matter be that piston pivots back and forth movement also or the situation of piston linear back and forth movement, all can make:
1, combustion gas thrust changes into the proportional relation of crankshaft torque, saved the loss of machine of torque of connecting bar and crankshaft near two piston stops, and eliminate connecting rod piston is pressed on huge frictional loss on the cylinder, thereby the mechanical efficiency of power transformation mechanism and the effective thermal efficiency of complete machine have been increased substantially.
2, piston stroke can be selected arbitrarily, so that fuel economy and effective thermal efficiency are improved, reduces the discharging of partial combustion thing, reduces noise pollution and thermo-pollution.
3, because mechanical efficiency, fuel economy, the effective thermal efficiency of the round piston IC engine of gear transmission all increase substantially than connecting bar and crankshaft internal-combustion engine, therefore, the work ratio connecting bar and crankshaft internal-combustion engine under the same fuel consumption increases substantially.That is to say, the internal-combustion engine of same power, gear transmission comes and goes piston IC engine energy-saving and emission-reduction significantly.
4, tooth returns that the internal-combustion engine volume is little, in light weight, power is big, and the weight and volume of specific power is very little.
5, gear transmission comes and goes piston IC engine and only replaces crankshaft-link rod power transformation mechanism with gear torsional moment converter, and other ripe internal-combustion engine technology can be used totally, is convenient to rapid upgrading, implements easily.
Two, with reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission of the present invention during as steamer, volume is less, power is big, and mechanical efficiency is very high, and frictional loss and idle work loss are very little, steamer is worked in an adiabatic system, with compressor negative pressure steam discharge, both increased power, again circulation vapour, water saving economizes heat, increase substantially effective thermal efficiency, pollute for a short time, the Applicable scope of steamer is increased.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of first kind of mode of execution of gear torsional moment converter of the present invention.(shaftgear torsional moment converter: adopt a driving shaft)
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of second kind of mode of execution of gear torsional moment converter of the present invention.(shaftgear torsional moment converter: adopt two driving shafts)
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the third mode of execution of gear torsional moment converter of the present invention.(shaftgear torsional moment converter: adopt bevel gear drive)
Fig. 4 connects the structural representation that piston is implemented for the gear torsional moment converter of Fig. 1 by tooth bar.
Fig. 5 is the structure side view of gear torsional moment converter mode of execution shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 6 returns the internal-combustion engine generalized section for a kind of GH two n-2n-n-2n teeth that do not have at the bottom of the cylinder.
Fig. 7 has the GH two n-n-n-n teeth at the bottom of the cylinder to return the internal-combustion engine generalized section for a kind of.
Fig. 8 has the GH two n-2n-2n-2n teeth at the bottom of the cylinder to return the internal-combustion engine generalized section for a kind of.
Fig. 9 has the GH two n-n-2n-2n teeth at the bottom of the cylinder to return the internal-combustion engine generalized section for a kind of.
Figure 10 has consolidating at the bottom of the cylinder to revolve that cylinder 1 knuckle-tooth returns the internal-combustion engine link and piston concerns schematic representation for a kind of.
Figure 11 does not have consolidating at the bottom of the cylinder and revolves that cylinder 1 knuckle-tooth returns the internal-combustion engine link and piston concerns schematic representation for a kind of.
Figure 12 has the GXH two n-n-2n-n teeth at the bottom of the cylinder to return the internal-combustion engine generalized section for a kind of.
Figure 13 returns the internal-combustion engine generalized section for a kind of GXH two n-2n-2n-2n teeth that do not have at the bottom of the cylinder.
Figure 14 has the GXH four n-n-4n-2n teeth at the bottom of the cylinder to return the internal-combustion engine generalized section for a kind of.
The structural representation of the 4th kind of mode of execution of Figure 15 gear torsional moment converter of the present invention.(the rack pinion torsional moment converter: double rack adopts back of tooth tooth built-in structure in parallel)
Figure 16 is the structural representation of the 5th kind of mode of execution of gear torsional moment converter of the present invention.(the rack pinion torsional moment converter: double rack adopts tooth and tooth holding structure and has used bevel gear drive)
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the 6th kind of mode of execution of gear torsional moment converter of the present invention.(rack pinion torsional moment converter: adopt n) to tooth bar
Figure 18 returns the internal-combustion engine generalized section for a kind of rack tooth of arc tubular cylinder that adopts.
Figure 19 returns the internal-combustion engine generalized section for a kind of GZ four 2n-2n-2n rack tooths.(using the gear torsional moment converter of Figure 15)
Figure 20 returns the internal-combustion engine generalized section for a kind of GZ two 2n-2n-2n rack tooths.(using the gear torsional moment converter of Figure 16)
Figure 21 returns the steamer sketch for a kind of GZ two 2n-2n-2n rack tooths.
Description of reference numerals:
O---arbor, O
1---driving shaft 1, O
2---driving shaft 2,
1---gear, 2---partial gear 1,2 '---partial gear 2
3---cylinder, 3 '---the rotary cylinder wall, 4---piston, 5---the piston link,
6---the valve plug, 7---intake valve, 8---oil nozzle, 9---at the bottom of the cylinder,
10---tooth bar, 11---air-storage chamber, 12---autocontrol valve,
13---compressor 14---boiler.
Be dispersed in combustion gas in the expression cylinder in the cylinder, dotted line and arrow are represented gas flow direction.Solid line and arrow are represented moving direction.
Embodiment
(1) enforcement of gear torsional moment converter:
1, the enforcement of shaftgear torsional moment converter:
Fig. 1～Fig. 3 is respectively the structural representation that adopts single driving shaft, two driving shaft (adopting the mode of outer shaft sleeve axle) and use three kinds of shaftgear torsional moment converters of bevel gear drive, and as shown in the figure, the shaftgear torsional moment converter is by n bar driving shaft such as O
1And O
2, between arbor O and each driving shaft and arbor 2 altogether 2n the train of gearings that comprise partial gear form, two train of gearings that every driving shaft alternately equates with the velocity ratio absolute value mesh and mesh by partial gear; The velocity ratio absolute value of these two train of gearings equates.Driving shaft and arbor are respectively input and the output shaft that the power moment of torsion transforms; Arbor can be selected for use and be any driven shaft in the train of gearings.
From figure, can see, because the gear outer gearing number of times of two train of gearings is both odd number or even number, therefore partial gear 2, the 2 ' oppositely rotation continuously on two driven shafts.When combustion gas is ordered about driving shaft gear and is promoted partial gear 2 and turn to the gear engagement terminal point, partial gear 2 ' enter engagement with the gear of driving shaft, the driving shaft backward rotation is ordered about in combustion gas, to partial gear 2 ' with the gear engagement terminal point of driving shaft, the gear of partial gear 2 and driving shaft enters engagement and is reversed and backward rotation by the gas driven driving shaft once more, because velocity ratio equates, each counter-rotating, driving shaft all goes back to initial position, and the thrust of combustion gas is converted into the moment of torsion identical with the arbor sense of rotation by train of gearings.
Gear on the gear torsional moment converter driving shaft, two train of gearings engagements that alternately equate with the velocity ratio absolute value are meshed by partial gear, so the gear on the driving shaft can be complete gear, also can be partial gear (as shown in Figure 3).
Obviously, the concrete structure and the form of the train of gearings that comprises partial gear between driving shaft and arbor can freely make up according to the general general knowledge of train of gearings engagement, and be not limited to a certain fixed form.
Obviously, used complete gear in the gear torsional moment converter can be cylindrical gears or bevel gear.
2, the enforcement of rack pinion torsional moment converter:
Figure 15～Figure 17 has listed the structural representation of several mode of executions of rack pinion torsional moment converter.Shown in Figure 15～16, the rack pinion torsional moment converter is by tooth bar 10, arbor O, and between tooth bar 10 and the arbor O, include gear 1, partial gear 2 and 2 ' and two train of gearings of follower etc. constitute.Tooth bar 10 and arbor at this respectively as the power input and output parts of gear torsional moment converter.Arbor can be selected for use in the train of gearings arbitrarily, and one or several driven shaft serves as.
Gear on the gear torsional moment converter driving shaft, two train of gearings engagements that alternately equate with the velocity ratio absolute value are meshed by partial gear.For tooth bar, be the alternately engagement of two sections different tooth bars and above-mentioned two train of gearings.
Among Figure 15, the tooth bar 10 of rack pinion torsional moment converter is by affixed the forming of two toothed rack back of tooth teeth, and the gear teeth on the tooth bar replace engagement with the partial gear that corresponding gear is separately fastened regularly.
Among Figure 16, the tooth bar 10 of rack pinion torsional moment converter is by two toothed rack teeth and tooth is affixed forms, and, use bevel gear drive.The gear teeth on the tooth bar replace engagement with the partial gear that corresponding gear is separately fastened regularly.
Figure 17 is for adopting the structural representation of n (n is a natural number) to the rack pinion torsional moment converter of tooth bar, n can be converted into crankshaft torque to the combustion gas thrust of cylinder.As shown in the figure, each is to forming 2n train of gearings between tooth bar and the arbor, and promptly each tooth bar is by partial gear and corresponding alternately engagement of train of gearings, and the velocity ratio absolute value of these two train of gearings equates.
As Figure 15～Figure 17, constitute the train of gearings that two outer gearing number of times are both odd number or even number between affixed every pair of tooth bar 10 and the arbor, two train of gearings velocity ratio absolute values equate, alternately mesh with tooth bar.When tooth bar 10 arrives stop, partial gear 2 to be meshed ' when entering the tooth bar engaging position, the partial gear 2 that has meshed breaks away from engagement, under pressurized air, combustion gas promote, piston-tooth bar assembly with great acceleration catch up with, promote partial gear to be meshed 2 ', order about partial gear 2 ' moment of torsion is transformed into arbor O.In this process, tooth bar may produce bump with the incomplete gear teeth, but because the gear teeth meshing gap is little, tooth bar is identical with partial gear moving direction, and the speed of two gear teeth has a convergence process, and the gear teeth tie in, and gear clashes into slight or can avoid.When tooth bar 10 arrives another stops, repeat this process again, make alternately engage teeth 10 of two partial gears 2 and 2 ' in arbor O rotary course.Because two dentitions of arbor, the outer gearing number of times is both odd number or even number, and therefore two partial gears 2 and 2 ' direction of rotation can replace piston-tooth bar reverse thrust and be converted into the identical moment of torsion of arbor sense of rotation.Because two dentition velocity ratio absolute values equate, so piston-tooth bar is made straight line or camber line back and forth movement that stroke equates.
(2), the application of gear torsional moment converter in reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission:
The reciprocating piston power machine of using gear torsional moment converter comprises internal-combustion engine and steamer.
Fig. 6～14 and Figure 18～21 are for selecting the structural drawing just like the part embodiment of the reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission of the gear torsional moment converter shown in Fig. 1～3 or Figure 15～17 for use:
In Fig. 6～14, cylinder is the arc tubular, can select the gear torsional moment converter shown in Fig. 1～3 for use; The driving shaft O of gear torsional moment converter
1And O
2Be positioned at the center of circle of arc tubular cylinder; Driving shaft directly is connected with piston 4, or is connected with piston 4 by tooth bar 10 (referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) or piston link 5; Piston link 5 has the radian that adapts with cylinder wall 3, can make the camber line back and forth movement in cylinder with piston.Utilize the inner partial gear of gear torsional moment converter to be interrupted the characteristic of engagement, intermittent drive, the thrust gas that piston 4 is subjected to by driving shaft and partial gear system, is converted into the directed rotary driving force of arbor O.
Reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission shown in Fig. 6～9, cylinder block 3 is that one is fixed, and driving shaft is connected with piston by the piston link, and piston link 5 is the L shape at this moment, it connects piston side and has the radian that adapts with cylinder wall, can make the camber line back and forth movement in cylinder with piston.
The cylinder block of the reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission shown in Figure 10～14 is the partial fixing formula, and cylinder block is by distance driving shaft outer cylinder body 3 far away and affixed and by piston link 5 and driving shaft O with piston 4
1And O
2The inner cylinder body 3 ' that connects is formed.In the process of power engine work, the piston 4 that is fixed together, inner cylinder body 3 ' and piston link 5 are that the camber line back and forth movement is made in the center of circle with the driving shaft in the arc cylinder, by the shaftgear torsional moment converter combustion gas are converted into crankshaft torque to the thrust of piston again.
In the reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission of Figure 18～21, select the gear torsional moment converter shown in Figure 15～17 for use: cylinder 3 is arc tubular (as Figure 18) or straight-tube shape, tooth bar 10 directly is connected to form piston-tooth bar assembly with piston 4, and described tooth bar 10 with have the radian (in Figure 18, promptly having adopted arc-shaped rack) that adapts with cylinder wall.Under the working state, the piston-tooth bar assembly that promoted by combustion gas is done the straight line back and forth movement in the cylinder of straight-tube shape, or adopts arc-shaped rack to make the camber line back and forth movement in arc tubular cylinder.Utilize the inner partial gear of gear torsional moment converter to be interrupted the characteristic of engagement, intermittent drive, the thrust gas that piston 4 is subjected to, by tooth bar 10 and comprise partial gear 2 and 2 ' train of gearings, be converted into the directed rotary driving force on the arbor O.
Rack tooth returns the concrete enforcement that power engine and shaftgear tooth return power engine:
Scheme of taking according to the present invention and measure, cylinder piston work has two-stroke, four-stroke, is applicable to internal-combustion engine, also is applicable to steamer, can constitute the power engine of numerous species type as required.In view of length, full fixed air cylinder body is called for short solid cylinder
(code name G), the cylinder block of partial fixing partial rotation is called for short revolves cylinder (code name GX) admittedly, piston is made camber line back and forth movement (code name H), piston is made straight line back and forth movement (code name Z), only connect n cylinder 2n plug (code name: GH two n-2n-n-2n) tooth at this and return internal-combustion engine (Fig. 6) with the round two-stroke n circle of solid cylinder camber line 2n, Gu the round two-stroke n circle of cylinder camber line n connects n cylinder n plug (code name: GH two n-n-n-n) tooth and returns internal-combustion engine (Fig. 7), Gu the round two-stroke n circle of cylinder camber line 2n connects 2n cylinder 2n plug (code name: GH two n-2n-2n-2n) tooth and returns internal-combustion engine (Fig. 8), Gu the round two-stroke n circle of cylinder camber line n connects 2n cylinder 2n (code name: GH two n-n-2n-2n) tooth and returns internal-combustion engine (Fig. 9), admittedly revolving the cylinder camber line comes and goes two-stroke n circle n and connects 2n cylinder n (code name: GXH four n-n-2n-n) tooth and return internal-combustion engine (Figure 12), admittedly revolving the cylinder camber line comes and goes two-stroke n circle 2n and connects 2n cylinder 2n (code name: GXH two n-2n-2n-2n) tooth and return internal-combustion engine (Figure 13), admittedly revolving the cylinder camber line comes and goes four-stroke n circle n and connects 4n cylinder 2n (code name: GXH four n-n-4n-2n) tooth and return internal-combustion engine (Figure 14), Gu the cylinder straight line comes and goes four-stroke 2n tooth bar 2n cylinder 2n plug (code name: GZ four 2n-2n-2n) tooth and returns internal-combustion engine (Figure 19), Gu the cylinder straight line comes and goes two-stroke 2n tooth bar 2n cylinder 2n plug (code name: GZ two 2n-2n-2n) tooth and returns internal-combustion engine (Figure 20), the camber line tooth returns steamer, Gu it is that masterpiece is implemented to introduce that the round 2n tooth bar 2n cylinder 2n plug of cylinder straight line (code name: GZ two 2n-2n-2n) rack tooth returns steamer (Figure 21).
1, rack tooth returns the concrete implementation example of power engine;
1) GZ four 2n-2n-2n (that is: solid cylinder straight line four-stroke 2n tooth bar 2n cylinder 2n plug) rack tooth returns internal-combustion engine
Figure 19 is the sketch of longitudinal section that GZ four 2n-2n-2n rack tooths return internal-combustion engine.As shown in the figure, cylinder 3 is straight cylinder, and piston 4 connects with tooth bar 10; Tooth bar 10 is by two toothed rack back of tooth teeth affixed forming in parallel, and the gear teeth on the tooth bar replace engagement with the partial gear that corresponding gear is separately fastened regularly.Cylinder all settles at the bottom of the cylinder 9, and is settling gas distribution system, oil supply system on 9 at the bottom of the cylinder.Combustion gas promotes piston-tooth bar moving linearly, straight line motion is converted into the one-way rotation of arbor O by rack pinion torsional moment converter (referring to Figure 15).
When adopting 4 tooth bars, 4 cylinder block to be total to the arbor structure, promptly form GZ four 4-4-4 types (that is: 4 tooth bars, 4 cylinders, 4 piston four-stroke straight lines) tooth and return internal-combustion engine.Its working procedure is: 1 piston 4 arrives the compression stop, compression stroke is finished, the gear shift of rack pinion torsional moment converter, the pressurized air oil spout of oil nozzle 8 in the 1st cylinder, the fuel oil blast, promote piston 4 and tooth bar 10 straight line motions, the thrust that gear torsional moment converter is subjected to piston is converted into the torque drive arbor identical with the arbor sense of rotation and rotates.In the acting of the 1st cylinder, the 2nd cylinder is an exhaust stroke, and the 3rd cylinder is an aspirating stroke, and the 4th cylinder is a compression stroke.The stroke of four cylinders is finished simultaneously, and acting later on is according to the program circulation repeatedly successively of 4-3-2-1 cylinder.
2) GZ two 2n-2n-2n (that is: solid cylinder straight line two-stroke 2n tooth bar 2n cylinder 2n plug) rack tooth returns internal-combustion engine
Figure 20 is the sketch of longitudinal section that GZ two 2n-2n-2n rack tooths return internal-combustion engine.As shown in the figure, cylinder 3 is straight cylinder, and piston 4 connects with tooth bar 10, and tooth bar 10 is by two toothed rack teeth and tooth is affixed forms; Cylinder all settles at the bottom of the cylinder 9, and settles gas distribution system, oil supply system at the bottom of cylinder.Combustion gas promotes piston-tooth bar moving linearly, straight line motion is converted into the one-way rotation of arbor O by rack pinion torsional moment converter (referring to Figure 16).
When adopting 4 tooth bars, 4 cylinder block to be total to arbor, promptly form GZ two 4-4-4 types (that is: 4 tooth bars, 4 cylinders, 4 piston two-stroke straight lines) tooth and return internal-combustion engine.For the ease of expressing the acting process, each piston stroke is divided into quadruple pass from the compression stop to the exhaust stop, 1 → 3 journey is the acting journey, 4 journeys are the exhaust journey, so, piston 1 journey just, 2 journey ends, 4 journey ends and piston all have a cylinder to begin acting when being fed back into 2 journeys end, the compression stroke of each cylinder all has cylinder in acting, make arbor cylinder be arranged all the time in rotation process in acting, more balancedly output power.By contrast, four cylinder four-stroke crankshaft-link rod internal-combustion engine is interrupted the power output of arbor, and the moment of torsion of output is also much smaller.
Obviously, the crankshaft-link rod internal-combustion engine that the very approaching present automobile of the structure of GZ four 2n-2n-2n, GZ two 2n-2n-2n internal-combustion engines uses, its difference mainly is: combustion gas is converted into crankshaft torque to the thrust of piston, the former transforms with rack pinion, the latter transforms with crankshaft-link rod, need not give unnecessary details, the former mechanical efficiency is more much higher than the latter.Next is: the former can be designed into best piston stroke, so that obtain best combustion efficient and best effective thermal efficiency, the latter's piston stroke but is restricted to about 2 times of cylinder diameter, is difficult to select the stroke of best combustion efficient and best effective thermal efficiency.So mechanical efficiency, combustion efficiency, the effective thermal efficiency of GZ four 2n-2n-2n, GZ two 2n-2n-2n internal-combustion engines are all much higher than crankshaft-link rod quartastroke engine.In addition, the former internal-combustion engine shaped flat, it is very little to take up space, and being placed in the axle top does not influence vehicle loading.
3), rack tooth returns the enforcement of steamer:
Figure 21 is that GZ two 2n-2n-2n (that is: solid cylinder straight line two-stroke 2n tooth bar 2n cylinder 2n plug) type rack tooth returns the structure diagram of steamer.As shown in the figure, rack tooth returns steamer and mainly partly is made up of cylinder 3, piston 4, gear torsional moment converter (referring to Figure 15), air-storage chamber 11, autocontrol valve 12, compressor 13, boiler 14 etc.Cylinder is straight cylinder, and piston-tooth bar is linear slide in straight cylinder 3; The rack pinion torsional moment converter is converted into the torque drive arbor O identical with the arbor sense of rotation with the thrust that piston is subjected to steam.
If the temperature of water vapor is about 500 ℃, GZ two 2-2-2 steamer working procedure are: autocontrol valve 12 is opened second cylinder exhaust valve, the first cylinder steam inlet valve is opened, the steam that boiler 14 provides promotes piston 4, suction valve cut out when piston stroke reached setting value, allow steam expansion do work, vapor (steam) temperature was near 100 ℃ when expansion stroke finished.In first cylinder acting, second cylinder exhaust valve is opened, and suction valve cuts out, and second cylinder carries out exhaust stroke, arrives the exhaust stop up to second cylinder piston, exhaust valve closure, and INO repeats the acting process of first cylinder.In exhaust process, compressor 12 makes the cylinder of air outlet flue and exhaust be in negative pressure, and the piston motion resistance reduces, and increases the power and the efficient of steamer.
2, the shaftgear tooth returns the concrete implementation example of power engine:
1), GH two n-2n-n-2n (that is: solid cylinder camber line two-stroke n circle 2n connects n cylinder 2n plug) tooth returns internal-combustion engine
Fig. 6 is the cross section sketch that GH two n-2n-n-2n teeth return internal-combustion engine.As shown, in a cylinder 3, settle 4, two pistons of two pistons by two the driving shaft Os of two piston links 5 with gear torsional moment converter (referring to Fig. 2)
1, O
2Affixed, oil nozzle 8 and valve plug 6 are arranged on the cylinder wall.Piston link 5 is the L shape, and it connects piston side and has the radian that adapts with cylinder wall.Under the cooperation of gas distribution system, oil supply system, explosion gas promotes two pistons 4 and rotates in the opposite direction, forms two round piston IC engines.Two pistons are converted into two rightabout moments of torsion of two driving shafts with two reverse combustion gas thrusts, are converted into two moments of torsion identical with arbor sense of rotation drives crankshaft O simultaneously by gear torsional moment converter again.
Returning internal-combustion engine with GH two 1-2-1-2 teeth is example, its working procedure is: two pistons 4 arrive the compression stop, compression stroke is finished, the gear torsional moment converter gear shift, oil nozzle 8 is the pressurized air oil jetting combustion in cylinder, promote two pistons 4 and sway round about, the thrust that link 5 is subjected to two pistons is converted into driving shaft O
1, O
2Moment of torsion, as the gear torsional moment converter of Fig. 9 with two opposite torque axis of driving shaft direction turn to the identical moment of torsion of direction simultaneously drives crankshaft rotate.When piston rotation is closed on intake valve 7, the valve plug 6 of exhaust valve is opened, and finishes expansion stroke.When piston rotation surpassed intake valve 7, fresh air entered cylinder, scanned out the waste gas in the cylinder, piston arrives ventilation stop, gear torsional moment converter gear shift, gear torsional moment converter drive two pistons toward back rotation, and cylinder continues ventilation, treat that piston surpasses intake valve, air inlet stops, and continues exhaust, to the volume of cylinder of setting, exhaust valve closing enters compression period.Piston continues toward back rotation, enters the second acting circulation up to the compression stop.If adopt the cylinder of 2 circles to cooperate, can accomplish the alternately acting of two cylinders, make cylinder that the cylinder acting also be arranged when entering ventilation, compression stroke.
2), GH two n-n-n-n (that is: solid cylinder camber line two-stroke n circle n connects n cylinder n plug) tooth returns internal-combustion engine
Fig. 7 is the cross section sketch that GH two n-n-n-n type teeth return internal-combustion engine.As shown, cylinder is the arc tubular, and driving shaft is positioned at the center of arc tubular cylinder, and piston 4 is affixed by link 5 and driving shaft.Cylinder settles at the bottom of the cylinder 9, and settles gas distribution system, oil supply system at the bottom of cylinder.Single circle single cylinder or two round twin-tub adopt single input torque converter shown in Figure 1 when working.The above cooperating of two round twin-tubs adopts the two driving shaft gear torsional moment converters shown in Figure 2 or the gear torsional moment converter of many driving shafts, and the combustion gas thrust that piston is subjected to is converted into the moment of torsion of arbor.
Working procedure during the list air cylinder structure is: piston 4 arrives the compression stops, compression stroke is finished, the gear torsional moment converter gear shift, the pressurized air oil spout blast of oil nozzle 8 in cylinder, promoting piston 4 sways, the thrust that link 5 is subjected to piston is converted into the moment of torsion of driving shaft, as the gear torsional moment converter of Fig. 8 the torque axis of driving shaft is turned to the moment of torsion identical with the arbor sense of rotation.When piston rotation to intake valve 7 edges, the valve plug 6 of exhaust valve is opened, and finishes expansion stroke.Piston rotation surpasses intake valve 7, and fresh air enters cylinder, and the waste gas in the cylinder is discharged from exhaust valve.Behind the piston arrives ventilation stop, the gear torsional moment converter gear shift, gear torsional moment converter drives piston toward back rotation, and cylinder continues ventilation, and piston surpasses intake valve 7, and air inlet stops, and continues exhaust, and to the volume of cylinder of setting, exhaust valve closing enters compression period.Piston continues toward back rotation, enters the second acting circulation up to the compression stop.As adopt two with spline structure cylinder on same driving shaft, cooperate, can the alternately acting of two cylinders with the torsional moment converter of Fig. 1, make this cylinder block the cylinder acting all be arranged in the ventilation compression stroke.As four with spline structure cylinder piston on two driving shafts, cooperate, with the torsional moment converter of Fig. 2, each cylinder all has another cylinder to begin acting when doing work to the halves, makes that the moment of torsion of arbor output is more balanced.
3), GH two n-2n-2n-2n (that is: solid cylinder camber line two-stroke n circle 2n connects 2n cylinder 2n plug) tooth returns internal-combustion engine
Fig. 8 is the cross section sketch that GH two n-2n-2n-2n type teeth return internal-combustion engine.As shown, in two cylinders 3 of a circle, settle two pistons 4, by two links 5 with piston 4 and driving shaft O
1, O
2Affixed, 2 cylinders all settle at the bottom of the cylinder 9, and 9 settle gas distribution systems, oil supply system at the bottom of cylinder.
Working procedure: 2 pistons 4 arrive the compression stop, compression stroke is finished, the gear torsional moment converter gear shift, the pressurized air oil spout blast of oil nozzle 8 in 2 cylinders, promoting 2 pistons rotates around driving shaft, the thrust that link 5 is subjected to piston is converted into the moment of torsion of 2 driving shafts, as the gear torsional moment converter of Fig. 2 the torque axis of two driving shafts is turned to the moment of torsion identical with the arbor sense of rotation.When piston rotation to intake valve 7 edges, the valve plug 6 of exhaust valve is opened, and finishes expansion stroke.Piston rotation surpasses intake valve 7, and fresh air enters cylinder, and the waste gas in the cylinder is discharged from exhaust valve, piston arrives ventilation stop, gear torsional moment converter gear shift, gear torsional moment converter drive piston toward back rotation, and cylinder continues ventilation, piston surpasses intake valve, air inlet stops, and continues exhaust, to the volume of cylinder of setting, exhaust valve closing enters compression period.Piston continues toward back rotation, enters the second acting circulation up to the compression stop.Two circles cooperate, and can alternately do work by two circles, make the cylinder of two circles in the ventilation compression stroke cylinder acting be arranged.
4), GH two n-n-2n-2n (that is: solid cylinder camber line two-stroke n circle n connects 2n cylinder 2n plug) tooth returns internal-combustion engine
Fig. 9 is the cross section sketch that GH two n-n-2n-2n type teeth return internal-combustion engine.As shown, a circle is settled two arc cylinders, and a link 5 is affixed with two pistons 4 and a driving shaft, and cylinder all is mounted with at the bottom of the cylinder 9, and at the bottom of cylinder arrangement gas distribution system, oil supply system.Torsional moment converter uses single input torque converter shown in Figure 1 when 1 circle 2 cylinders or 2 circles, 4 cylinder workings.The two driving shafts that the use of the above cooperating of 2 circle 2 cylinders is shown in Figure 2 or the gear torsional moment converter of many driving shafts, the combustion gas thrust that piston is subjected to is converted into the moment of torsion of arbor.The piston link is changed to arc-shaped rack, promptly makes GH two n-2n-2n rack tooths and return internal-combustion engine.
Working procedure: a piston 4 arrives the compression stop, compression stroke is finished, the gear torsional moment converter gear shift, the pressurized air oil spout blast of oil nozzle 8 in cylinder, promoting two pistons rotates around driving shaft, the thrust that link 5 is subjected to piston is converted into the moment of torsion of a driving shaft, as the gear torsional moment converter of Fig. 1 the torque axis of driving shaft is turned to the moment of torsion identical with the arbor sense of rotation.During acting piston arrives intake valve 7 edges, the valve plug 6 of acting cylinder exhaust valve is opened, and finishes expansion stroke, and the acting piston rotation surpasses intake valve 7, and fresh air enters cylinder, and the waste gas in the cylinder is discharged from exhaust valve.When piston did work therewith, another piston was subjected to the drive of same link, takes a breath-compression stroke: scavenging piston is past back rotation with the motion of acting piston, surpass valve 7, air inlet stops, and continues exhaust, to setting volume of cylinder, exhaust valve closing enters compression period; Piston continues toward back rotation, and up to the compression stop, the gear torsional moment converter gear shift of Fig. 1 enters expansion stroke.So, two alternately actings of piston, alternately ventilation, compression.When the two input torque converters of two circles with Fig. 2, make piston rotation asynchronous, can reach a half at each piston working stroke has another piston to begin acting, makes arbor can export balanced moment of torsion continuously.
5), GXH two n-n-2n-n (that is: revolve cylinder camber line two-stroke n circle n admittedly and connect 2n cylinder n plug) tooth returns internal-combustion engine
Figure 12 is the cross section sketch that GXH two n-n-2n-n type teeth return internal-combustion engine.This cylinder is the partial fixing formula: as shown in figure 10, outer cylinder body 3 is fixing, and inner cylinder body 3 ' is affixed with piston 4 and piston link 5.As shown in figure 12, piston 4 of a circle is divided into two independently cylinders with an arc cylinder, and two cylinders all settle at the bottom of the cylinder 9, and settle gas distribution system, oil supply system at the bottom of cylinder.Piston 4 and the cylinder wall 3 ', connecting rod 5, the driving shaft O that rotate
2Affixed.Can adopt the cylinder cooperating of n circle, the combustion gas thrust that more balancedly piston is subjected to by gear torsional moment converter is converted into the torque drive arbor of arbor sense of rotation.
The working procedure of 2 circles is: the piston 4 of 1 circle arrives the compression stop of a cylinder, compression stroke is finished, the gear torsional moment converter gear shift, the pressurized air oil spout blast of oil nozzle 8 in cylinder, promoting piston rotates around driving shaft, the thrust that piston link 5 is subjected to piston is converted into the moment of torsion of 1 driving shaft, and gear torsional moment converter turns to the moment of torsion identical with the arbor sense of rotation with the torque axis of driving shaft.When a cylinder begins to do work, enter compression stroke with another round cylinder.Meanwhile, a cylinder of another circle enters suction stroke, and another cylinder enters exhaust stroke.So, 2 pistons of 4 cylinders of 2 circles are finished four strokes simultaneously with a driving shaft, another driving shaft also can 2 pistons of 4 cylinders of affixed 2 circles, allow eight cylinders finish four strokes asynchronously, two driving shaft gear torsional moment converters as Fig. 9 just can allow 8 cylinder four-strokes of 4 circles do work, each piston do work stroke half just have another cylinder to begin acting, make the arbor O more continuous very big power of output.
6), GXH two n-2n-2n-2n (that is: revolve cylinder camber line two-stroke n circle 2n admittedly and connect 2n cylinder 2n plug) tooth returns internal-combustion engine
Figure 13 is the cross section sketch that GXH two n-2n-2n-2n type teeth return internal-combustion engine.As shown in the figure, settle 2 pistons will justify cylinder in the cross section in for circular arc tubular cylinder and be divided into 2 independently cylinders.Shown in the cylinder cross sectional representation of Figure 11, this cylinder is the partial fixing formula, and outer cylinder body 3 is fixing, and inner cylinder body 3 ' is affixed with piston 4 and piston link 5.Two pistons are fixed in respectively on two-part rotation cylinder wall 3 ', and are affixed by two links and two driving shafts.Explosion gas promotes two pistons 4 and rotates in the opposite direction, forms the double-piston camber line and comes and goes internal-combustion engine.Gear torsional moment converter is converted into two torque drive arbor Os identical with the arbor sense of rotation simultaneously with two rightabout moments of torsion of two driving shafts.
The working procedure of a circle is: two pistons 4 arrive the compression stop, compression stroke is finished, the gear torsional moment converter gear shift, the pressurized air oil spout blast of oil nozzle 8 cylinder one of in two cylinders, promote two pistons 4 and sway round about, the thrust that link 5 is subjected to piston is converted into driving shaft O
1, O
2Moment of torsion, as the gear torsional moment converter of Fig. 2 with two opposite torque axis of driving shaft direction turn to the identical moment of torsion of direction simultaneously drives crankshaft rotate, arbor O has than a driving shaft and transforms the twice moment of torsion of moment of torsion.When cylinder begins to do work one of in two cylinders, exhaust valve, the intake valve of two cylinders successively open, waste gas is discharged, air inlet simultaneously, ventilation, piston rotation is during near exhaust valve, exhaust valve, intake valve are successively closed, and enter compression period.Two pistons continue to be subjected to combustion gas to promote, up to the compression stop, the gear torsional moment converter gear shift, oil sprayer to two cylinder fuel injections, two cylinders that enter actings, one of the circulation of cylinder exhaust, ventilation, compression.
7), GXH four n-n-4n-2n (that is: revolve cylinder camber line four-stroke n circle n admittedly and connect 4n cylinder 2n plug) tooth returns internal-combustion engine
Figure 14 is the cross section sketch that GXH four n-n-4n-2n type teeth return internal-combustion engine.As shown, this cylinder is the partial fixing formula, and outer cylinder body 3 is fixing, and inner cylinder body 3 ' is affixed with piston 4 and piston link 5.1 piston link is affixed with 1 rotary cylinder inwall, 2 pistons and 1 driving shaft, and 2 pistons are divided into 4 independently cylinders with the cylinder of two arcs, and 4 cylinders are all settled at the bottom of the cylinder, and settles gas distribution system, oil supply system at the bottom of cylinder.4 cylinders of a circle can be finished acting, exhaust, air inlet, four strokes of compression simultaneously, the cylinder cooperating of n circle, and the acting of can staggering makes more balancedly output torque of arbor O.
The working procedure of a circle is: two pistons 4 arrive the compression stop, compression stroke is finished, the gear torsional moment converter gear shift, oil nozzle 8 is pressurized air oil spout blast in the 1st cylinder, promoting two pistons 4 rotates around driving shaft, the thrust that link 5 is subjected to piston is converted into the moment of torsion of driving shaft, as the gear torsional moment converter of Fig. 1 the torque axis of driving shaft is turned to the torque drive arbor identical with the arbor sense of rotation and rotates.In the acting of the 1st cylinder, the 2nd cylinder is an exhaust stroke, and the 3rd cylinder is an aspirating stroke, and the 4th cylinder is a compression stroke.The stroke of four cylinders is finished simultaneously, and acting later on is according to the program circulation repeatedly successively of 4-3-2-1 cylinder.2 circles, 8 cylinders, with the gear torsional moment converter of Fig. 2, reaching a half at each piston working stroke has another piston to begin acting, makes arbor can export balanced moment of torsion continuously.
8), the camber line tooth returns steamer
Remove oil supply system as the camber line tooth is returned internal-combustion engine, change gas distribution system into the steam gas distribution system, promptly become camber line and come and go the piston steamer.
The camber line tooth returns steamer mainly by cylinder 3, piston 4, and link 5, driving shaft, gear torsional moment converter, gas distribution system is formed.Piston 4 is affixed by link 5 and driving shaft at arc cylinder 3 arc sliding pistons 4, cylinder all settles at the bottom of the cylinder 9, settle gas distribution system at the bottom of cylinder, the steam thrust that gear torsional moment converter is subjected to piston is converted into the torque drive arbor O identical with the arbor sense of rotation.
For example steam temperature is about 500 ℃, the working procedure of GXH two 1-1-2-1 (that is: revolve cylinder arc two-stroke 1 circle 1 admittedly and connect 2 cylinders, 1 plug) steamer is: second cylinder exhaust valve is opened, the first cylinder steam inlet valve is opened, steam promotes piston, suction valve cut out when stroke reached set volume, allowed steam expansion do work, and vapor (steam) temperature was near 100 ℃ when expansion stroke finished, first cylinder exhaust valve is opened, and first cylinder enters exhaust stroke.Meanwhile, second cylinder exhaust valve is closed INO, and the acting of the second cylinder steam repeats first cylinder process.
Know easily that by technique scheme and embodiment gear torsional moment converter of the present invention not only is applicable to round piston engine, also applicable to round piston compressor.
Claims (10)
1. gear torsional moment converter, include the train of gearings between driving shaft, arbor and driving shaft and the arbor, driving shaft and arbor are respectively input and the output shaft that the power moment of torsion transforms, be provided with two train of gearings that comprise partial gear between each driving shaft and the corresponding arbor, every driving shaft is by partial gear and the alternately engagement of this two train of gearings; It is characterized in that: driving shaft and arbor are one or more, and described each driving shaft equates with the corresponding velocity ratio absolute value of two train of gearings between the arbor.
2. gear torsional moment converter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the gear on the driving shaft, i.e. tooth bar.
3. gear torsional moment converter as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: every driving shaft is provided with a pair of tooth bar, and this two toothed rack is that the parallel connection of back of tooth tooth is affixed, or is that tooth and tooth are affixed; Described two train of gearings separately by partial gear regularly with the alternately engagement of wherein a toothed rack.
4. reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission, comprise cylinder, piston, with the gear torsional moment converter that is attached thereto, gear torsional moment converter includes the train of gearings between driving shaft, arbor and driving shaft and the arbor, driving shaft and arbor are respectively input and the output shaft that the power moment of torsion transforms, be provided with two train of gearings that comprise partial gear between each driving shaft and the corresponding arbor, every driving shaft is by partial gear and the alternately engagement of this two train of gearings; It is characterized in that: driving shaft and arbor can be one or more, and the velocity ratio absolute value of two train of gearings between described each driving shaft and the corresponding arbor equates.
5. reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: cylinder is the arc tubular; The driving shaft of gear torsional moment converter is positioned at the center of circle of arc tubular cylinder; Driving shaft directly is connected with piston or is connected with piston by tooth bar or piston link; This tooth bar or piston link have the radian that adapts with cylinder wall.
6. reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described cylinder block is that one is fixed; Described piston link is the L shape, and it connects piston side and has the radian that adapts with cylinder wall.
7. reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described cylinder block by distance driving shaft outer cylinder body far away with affixed with piston and form by the inner cylinder body that link is connected with driving shaft.
8. reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the gear on the driving shaft, i.e. tooth bar.
9. reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: every driving shaft is provided with a pair of tooth bar, and two toothed rack are that the parallel connection of back of tooth tooth is affixed, or is that tooth and tooth are affixed; Described two train of gearings separately by partial gear regularly with the alternately engagement of wherein a toothed rack.
10. reciprocating piston power machine for gear transmission as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: cylinder is arc tubular or straight-tube shape; The tooth bar of gear torsional moment converter directly is connected with piston, and described tooth bar with have a radian that adapts with cylinder wall.
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