CN100507216C - Variable speed gear rotary piston power machine - Google Patents

Variable speed gear rotary piston power machine Download PDF

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CN100507216C
CN100507216C CNB200610126406XA CN200610126406A CN100507216C CN 100507216 C CN100507216 C CN 100507216C CN B200610126406X A CNB200610126406X A CN B200610126406XA CN 200610126406 A CN200610126406 A CN 200610126406A CN 100507216 C CN100507216 C CN 100507216C
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cylinder
piston
gear
power machine
variable speed
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CN1932247A (en
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黎耕
黎俊良
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a speed transforming gear rotary piston power machine, it is an improvement on the connecting rod crankshaft piston power machine. It is characterized by that said invention utilizes the speed transforming gear to raise machinery efficiency instead of connecting rod crankshaft, substitutes rotation of connecting component instead of swing of connecting rod to increase piston stroke and utilizes the rotation of cylinder piston to obtain higher efficiency instead of reciprocating movement of piston.

Description

Variable speed gear rotary piston power machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of piston engine, especially a kind of variable speed gear rotary piston power machine.
Background technique
Over more than 100 year, piston engine has promoted the industrial revolution, development in science and technology and modern civilization.People know very well the merits and demerits of piston engine; many reforms have been carried out; obtain very big effect; but efficient still is not high enough; so far steam engine most effective 30%; the efficiency of internal combustion engine is the highest by about 40%, constantly increases the weight of in the fuel crises sense, constantly reinforcement of environmental consciousness, piston engine and so close modern times of economic development, and it is more and more urgent to improve piston engine.
Summary of the invention
The piston engine thermal efficiency is higher, mechanical efficiency is higher in order to make, more powerful, weight per unit power is lighter, volume is littler, blowdown still less, fuel is more extensive, power performance, runnability, economic performance lead to a leap, and the present invention proposes a kind of variable speed gear rotary piston power machine.
The technological scheme that the present invention takes is:
Replace connecting bar and crankshaft mechanism to break away from the low predicament of mechanical efficiency with the speed change gear torsional moment converter, rotate the replacement connecting rod swing to avoid the confinement of connecting rod with link to piston stroke, with cylinder piston rotate to replace piston in fixing cylinder to-and-fro motion to strive for more high efficiency, with rotating member replacement fixed component to adapt to the system of rotation.Therefore, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine structure major character is: speed change gear torsional moment converter, cylinder piston external member, confession exhaust are for fuel and control system thereof.Wherein:
(structure characteristic of Fig. 1～Fig. 5) is the speed change gear torsional moment converter: mainly by frame J, driving shaft O 1, arbor On, speedup train, deceleration train, automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism form; Driving shaft O 1And speedup train, deceleration train, automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism are set simultaneously, two driving shaft O between the arbor On 1The gear gear engagement (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5) by speedup, slow down two change gear trains and arbor On respectively, and self-clanging gear-shift makes two driving shaft O in rotation process 1Replace with the gear shift regularly that is engaged with of speedup train, deceleration train.The self-clanging gear-shift of speed change gear torsional moment converter has built-up gear automaitc shfit, mechanical auto-shifting, Electronic Automatic Shift; Speedup train, deceleration train are with driving shaft O 1The torque axis that both direction is opposite turns to total conversion moment of torsion of arbor On single direction; Self-clanging gear-shift makes total conversion moment of torsion M of arbor On have equidirectional all the time.
The built-up gear automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism feature of speed change gear torsional moment converter is: mainly by driving shaft O 1, built-up gear, arbor On form; At driving shaft O 1And built-up gear speedup train, deceleration train, the automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism that is made of partial gear is set between the arbor On;
Built-up gear is that the partial gear r by several concentrics is fixed together and constitutes, can utilize it the gear teeth and other have the tooth element to mesh continuously, transmitting movement mutually.As driving shaft O among Fig. 1 1The partial gear r that goes up by two different radiis is fixed together, and finishes 360 ° of continuous engagement driving effects jointly and constitutes a built-up gear, driving shaft O among Fig. 2 1The partial gear r of two different radiis is fixed in an O 1On, finish 360 ° of continuous engagement driving effects jointly and constitute a built-up gear.
The structure characteristic of mechanical automatic speed-changing gearshift mechanism is: mainly by driving shaft O 1, speed change wheels 1a, sheave 2, end cam 3, speedup train, deceleration train, arbor On constitute.At two driving shaft O 1And settle speedup train, deceleration train between the arbor On; The affixed sheave 2 of axle of speed change wheels 1a, arbor On fixed connecting end face cam 3; When arbor On turned to set angle, the end cam 3 on the arbor On was stirred sheave 2, drove speed change wheels 1a and endwisely slipped, and realized speedup train, deceleration train automatic speed changing gear shift alternately (Fig. 3).
The structure characteristic of electronic automatic speed gearshift mechanism is: mainly by driving shaft O 1, speed change wheels 1a, gear shift sensor 23, gear shifting operator 24, speedup train, deceleration train, arbor On constitute; At driving shaft O 1And settle speedup train, deceleration train between the arbor On, at arbor On or driving shaft O 1Settle gear shift sensor 23, settle gear shifting operator 24 at the axle of speed change wheels 1a; When arbor On turned to set angle, gear shift sensor 23 sent information, made gear shifting operator 24 drive speed change wheels 1a and endwisely slipped, and realized that the automatic speed changing gear shift of speedup train, deceleration train replaces (Fig. 5).
Speedup train, deceleration train are with driving shaft O 1Two moment of torsion M that direction is opposite 1,-M 1Be converted into the opposite conversion moment of torsion M of arbor On both direction 2,-m 2Structural feature is: the gear outer gearing number of times of speedup train, deceleration train is both odd number or is both even number (Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5).
Speedup train, deceleration train are with two driving shaft O 1The moment of torsion M that direction is opposite 1,-M 1Be converted into the identical conversion moment of torsion M of arbor On both direction 2, m 2Or-M 2,-m 2Structure characteristic is: the gear outer gearing number of times of speedup train, deceleration train, a train is that another train of odd number is even number (Fig. 2).
Article two, driving shaft O 1Two moment of torsion M that direction is opposite 1,-M 1, be converted into the unidirectional moment of torsion M of arbor On 2Or-M 2Characteristics be: in two trains of speedup train, deceleration train, have only the equidirectional train of rotation to transform moment of torsion to arbor On (Fig. 4).
The structure characteristic of cylinder piston external member is: be subjected to two opposite two-part cylinder pistons that power acted on of working medium direction and be dynamically connected each other, also be dynamically connected with other body, and respectively with two driving shaft O 1Affixed.The structure of these characteristics of being fit to has: circular arc piston and circular arc cylinder be affixed two driving shaft O respectively 1, the structure that the circular arc piston rotates in the circular arc cylinder; Along cylinder axis axially, two-part 4A, the 4B that cylinder wall are divided into independent rotation, difference affixed n (n is a natural number) part piston in two-part cylinder wall, the circular cylinder that two-part cylinder wall is encircled into is separated into one group of 2n independently circular arc cylinder, cylinder wall 4A, 4B outward by link L respectively with two driving shaft O 1Affixed and the structure of rotating; Along cylinder axis axially cylinder wall is divided into independently three parts, a part of 4C fixes, two- part 4A, 4B respectively with two driving shaft O 1Affixed and rotate, affixed n (n is a natural number) part piston respectively in two-part cylinder wall 4A, the 4B of rotation, the circular cylinder that two-part cylinder wall is encircled into is separated into one group of 2n the independently structure of circular arc cylinder; The structure that the cylinder 4 outer firing chambers 34 that are provided with are communicated with the cylinder piston of rotation; Heat carrying agent between cylinder 4 and boiler 33 in the circuit structure;
Supply exhaust, supply the structure characteristic of fuel and control system thereof to be: can adapt to the rotary cylinder piston for exhaust for fuel and control system thereof, can comply with, utilize the centripetal force of rotation generation.Be fit to becoming the structure of rotating oil pipe from static oil pipe High-pressure oil sealing 16 (Figure 33) being arranged of these characteristics, the valve plug structure that is fit to high speed rotating is: rely on the solid of rotation valve plug 9a (Fig. 6) that rotates the switch valve.
Can constitute according to above principle and feature: the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that cylinder piston rotates respectively (Fig. 7～Figure 11), the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that cylinder rotates (Figure 12～Figure 15), the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that partial cylinders is rotated (Figure 16～Figure 23), variable speed gear rotary piston gas power machine (Figure 24～Figure 27), circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine in the heat carrying agent (Figure 28～Figure 31), the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine of circulation double base variable speed gear rotary piston power machine several structure types such as (Figure 32) in combustion gas-heat carrying agent.
The variable speed gear rotary piston power machine structure characteristic that cylinder piston rotates respectively is: mainly be made up of for fuel and control system thereof circular arc cylinder 4, circular arc piston 5, link L, speed change gear torsional moment converter, arbor On, confession exhaust; Circular arc cylinder 4 and circular arc piston 5 are fixed in two driving shaft O respectively by link L 1On, rotating around same axle center, piston can rotate to go in the cylinder; Driving shaft O 1The gear engagement of gear by deceleration train, speedup train and automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism thereof and arbor On.Supply exhaust, provide energy by designing program, drive cylinder piston and constantly rotate for fuel and control system thereof.Exhaust, air inlet, the compression stroke of piston that coexists, doing manual work a stroke of piston is the two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine; Exhaust, air inlet, compression, workmanship are finished by four stroke of piston, are the four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine.See Fig. 7～Figure 11.
The variable speed gear rotary piston power machine main structure feature that cylinder rotates is: mainly be made up of for fuel and control system thereof two-part cylinder wall 4A, the 4B of independent rotation and affixed piston, link L, speed change gear torsional moment converter, arbor On, confession exhaust thereof; Cylinder piston is divided into two-part of independent rotation, by link L respectively with two driving shaft O 1Affixed and rotate two driving shaft O 1The gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism thereof and arbor On respectively.Difference affixed n (n is a natural number) part piston in two-part cylinder wall 4A, the 4B that rotate, the circular cylinder that two-part cylinder wall is encircled into is separated into one group of 2n independently circular arc cylinder.Supply exhaust, provide energy by designing program, drive cylinder piston and constantly rotate for fuel and control system thereof.Exhaust, air inlet, the compression stroke of piston that coexists, doing manual work a stroke of piston is the two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine; Exhaust, air inlet, compression, workmanship are finished by four stroke of piston, are the four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine.See Figure 12～Figure 15.
The variable speed gear rotary piston power machine structure characteristic that partial cylinders is rotated is: mainly by two-part cylinder wall 4A, the 4B of fixing a part of cylinder wall 4C, independent rotation and affixed piston, link L, speed change gear torsional moment converter, arbor On thereof, form for fuel and control system thereof for exhaust; Axial direction along cylinder axis is divided into independently three parts with cylinder wall, and a part of cylinder wall 4C fixes, two- part cylinder wall 4A, 4B outward by link L respectively with two driving shaft O 1Affixed and rotate two driving shaft O 1The gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and self-clanging gear-shift thereof and arbor On respectively; Difference affixed n (n is a natural number) part piston in two-part cylinder wall 4A, the 4B that rotate, the circular cylinder that three partial cylinders walls are encircled into is separated into one group of 2n independently circular arc cylinder.Article two, driving shaft O 1The gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism thereof and arbor On respectively.Supply exhaust, provide energy for fuel and control system thereof by designing program, driven plunger is constantly rotated.Exhaust, air inlet, be compressed in a stroke of piston, doing manual work a stroke of piston is the two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine; Exhaust, air inlet, compression, workmanship are finished by four stroke of piston, are the four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine.Figure 16～Figure 23.
Variable speed gear rotary piston gas power machine structure characteristic is: mainly be made up of for fuel and control system thereof cylinder piston external member, firing chamber 34, speed change gear torsional moment converter, arbor On, confession exhaust; Outside the cylinder 4 of cylinder piston external member firing chamber 34 is set, the workmanship combustion gas of cylinder 4 is supplied with by firing chamber 34; Two-part of cylinder piston independent rotation by link L respectively with two driving shaft O 1Affixed, two driving shaft O 1The gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism thereof and arbor On respectively.Firing chamber 34 communicates with cylinder 4 by intake duct 6, air feed final controlling element 26; Two-part piston-cylinder of independent rotation by link L respectively with two driving shaft O 1Affixed, two driving shaft O 1The gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and self-clanging gear-shift thereof and arbor On respectively.35 to cylinder 4 supply with combustion gas for fuel and control system thereof by designing program discontinuously for exhaust, drive cylinder piston and constantly rotate, be converted into arbor On moment of torsion by the speed change gear torsional moment converter from the firing chamber.See Figure 24～Figure 27.
Circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine structure characteristic is in the heat carrying agent: mainly be made up of for fuel and control system thereof cylinder piston external member, boiler 33, compressor 31, high-pressure service pump 32, one-way valve 19, speed change gear torsional moment converter, arbor On, confession exhaust; Outside the cylinder 4 of cylinder piston external member boiler 33 is set, boiler 33 communicates with cylinder 4 by intake duct 6, air feed final controlling element 26; Cylinder 4 communicates with boiler 33 by air outlet flue 7, backflow road 8, compressor 31, high-pressure service pump 32, one-way valve 19; The heat carrying agent that cylinder 4 is done manual work is supplied with by boiler 33; Heat carrying agent is carried back boiler (33) Heating Cyclic after doing manual work and lowering the temperature in cylinder 4; Two-part cylinder piston of independent rotation by link L respectively with two driving shaft O 1Affixed, two driving shaft O 1The gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism thereof and arbor On respectively.Two-part piston-cylinder of independent rotation by link L respectively with two driving shaft O 1Affixed, two driving shaft O 1The gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and self-clanging gear-shift thereof and arbor On respectively.Discontinuously from boiler 33 to cylinder 4 supply with high temperature, hot high pressure carrier for fuel and control system thereof by designing program for exhaust, drive cylinder piston and constantly rotate; Flow back to boiler 33 and recycle by backflow road 8, compressor 31, high-pressure service pump 32, one-way valve 19 by air outlet flue 7 after heat carrying agent expansion, cooling, the step-down.See Figure 28～Figure 31.
Circulation double base variable speed gear rotary piston power machine structure characteristic is in combustion gas-heat carrying agent: a power engine is united by circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine group in variable speed gear rotary piston gas power unit and the heat carrying agent and is constituted.Wherein, the firing chamber 34 of boiler 33 communicates with intake duct 6, air feed final controlling element 26, combustion gas cylinder 4; Supply exhaust, supply fuel and control system thereof by the 34 cylinder 4 supply combustion gas to the gas power unit from the firing chamber discontinuously of designing program, driven plunger 5 is rotated; Boiler 33 communicates with circuit cylinder 4 in the heat carrying agent by intake duct 6, air feed final controlling element 26; By supplying exhaust and control system thereof by designing program, supply with heat carrying agent from boiler 33 circuit cylinder 4 in heat carrying agent discontinuously, driven plunger 5 is rotated, and flows back to boiler 33 and recycles by backflow road 8, compressor 31, one-way valve 19, boiler outer container 35, high-pressure service pump 32 from air outlet flue 7 after heat carrying agent expansion, the step-down.See Figure 32.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect:
(1) replaces link lever crankshaft drive mechanism with the speed change gear torsional moment converter, because speedup train, the deceleration train gear shift air compression in the promoting the circulation of qi cylinder that leapfrogs, on the one hand cylinder piston is rotated from transferring buffer function at a slow speed fast to, on the other hand cylinder piston is become quick rotation energy storage and driving action from slow rotation, therefore, the engagement of partial gear different radii alternately causes when the built-up gear motion state changes, the defective of rigid impact when not having the sort of motion state of the partial gear of intermittent movement to change, and, also do not have the sort of vibrations of connecting bar and crankshaft transmission, whole transmission process is more steady.
(2) replace link lever crankshaft drive mechanism with the speed change gear torsional moment converter, the mechanical efficiency of complete machine is improved greatly.
According to data, the distribution of the mechanical loss power of connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine is roughly:
The frictional loss of piston and piston ring: 45%～65%
Whole piston rod crankshaft mechanism frictional loss: 60%～70%
The driving loss of valve mechanism: 2%～3%
The driving loss of subsidiary body: 10%～20%
Pumping loss: 10%～20%
Variable speed gear rotary piston power machine reduces the frictional loss of piston, the maximum frictional loss of whole piston rod crankshaft mechanism's this two accounting examples of frictional loss, and some types also reduce the driving loss of pumping loss, subsidiary body, the driving loss of valve mechanism.In this respect, the mechanical efficiency of variable speed gear rotary piston power machine is more much higher than connecting bar and crankshaft power engine.
(3) replace link lever crankshaft drive mechanism with the speed change gear torsional moment converter, the pressure at fuel blast initial stage can farthest be converted into crankshaft torque, and, with deceleration train drives crankshaft, it is bigger to drive radius, same cylinder diameter, with maximum pressure in the cylinder, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine is big doubly more a lot of than the arbor Maximum Torque of connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine.
For example, the piston lifting surface area is S, and the combustion gas maximum pressure is P ', and the bent axle radius of gyration is r, and rotary-piston center radius of a circle is R; Usually, rotary cylinder piston rotation 2 π drives crankshaft 1 π, R 〉=2r, rotary cylinder piston rotation 2 π, drives crankshaft pi/2, R 〉=4r, drives crankshaft π/4, R 〉=5r (type difference, the R/r difference is bigger); Theoretical arbor Maximum Torque is M 1K=M 1Speed change gear/M 1Connecting bar and crankshaft, only make comparisons with r substitution R:
Four cylinder four-stroke connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine, piston workmanship 4 times, bent axle rotate 4 π, M 1Connecting bar and crankshaft＜SrP '.
One group of four cylinder four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine, piston rotation 4 π workmanship 8 times, arbor rotate 4 π, M 1Speed change gear〉8SrP ', K〉8; Piston rotation 4 π workmanship 8 times, arbor rotate 1 π, M 1Speed change gear〉35SrP ', so K〉35.
One group of four cylinder two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine, piston rotation 4 π workmanship 4 times, arbor rotate 4 π, M 1Speed change gear〉4SrP ', K〉4; Piston rotation 4 π, workmanship 16 times, arbor rotate 4 π, M 1Speed change gear〉35SrP ', K〉35; Piston rotation 4 π do manual work 16 times, and arbor rotates 2 π, M 1Speed change gear〉70SrP ', so K〉70.
(4) break away from the constraint of connecting bar and crankshaft mechanism, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine can farthest be converted into crankshaft torque with the fuel volumetric growth terminal pressure, in theory even can obtain than the also big moment of torsion of connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine arbor Maximum Torque from the pressure that is equivalent to connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine waste gas.
If bent axle piston engine drain pressure is 2 barometric pressure, at this moment connecting bar and crankshaft mechanism can not be converted into crankshaft torque with this pressure.Make variable speed gear rotary piston power machine cylinder axis radius of a circle R=0.25m, rotary-piston lifting surface area S=5 2π cm 2, the combustion gas pressure in the cylinder is 2 barometric pressure, workmanship pressure P=9.8N/cm 2, one group of four cylinder four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine, piston rotation 4 π, do manual work 8 times, drives crankshaft 4 π, arbor theoretical maximum moment of torsion M 1=1.6PSR=1.69.85 20.25 π (Nm) ≈ 308Nm has been equivalent to the Maximum Torque of the identical four cylinder four-stroke connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine of P ', S; When cylinder piston rotates 4 л, piston workmanship 8 times, drives crankshaft 1 л, M 1≈ 7PSR ≈ 1346Nm, also big several times of the Maximum Torques of the four cylinder four-stroke connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine more identical than P ', S, be equal P ', S, when the cylinder internal air pressure is reduced to 1.3～1.4 barometric pressure, one group of four cylinder four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine can also be exported and the suitable moment of torsion of four cylinder four-stroke connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine Maximum Torque.As seen its inner pressure of air cylinder is converted into the height of crankshaft torque efficient, the length of programmable piston stroke, exhaust gas temperature, pressure low.
(5) rotate the replacement connecting rod swing with link and increase piston stroke, avoid the confinement of connecting rod piston stroke, the stroke long enough, delivery temperature is enough low, and power performance, economic performance improve greatly.
A firing chamber with variable speed gear rotary piston gas power machine is an example to one group of four cylinder air feed, the piston stroke of every cylinder air feed accounts for piston rotation whole process 1/4, about 300 ℃ of delivery temperatures, the cylinder number of doing manual work whenever doubles, reduce half for every cylinder air feed stroke, delivery temperature reduces half approximately, and power all will improve about 1/7th; When number of cylinders increases, make the corresponding minimizing of each cylinder air feed, up to about 30 ℃ of delivery temperatures, same power consumption and initial temperature first pressing, the power that exhaust is about 30 ℃ improves about 50% than the power of about 300 ℃ of exhausts, visible variable speed gear rotary piston power machine delivery temperature reduces energy is made full use of, improves significant to power performance, economic performance.
(6) rotate to replace piston to-and-fro motion in fixing cylinder with cylinder piston, can increase the power of power engine, strive for bigger efficient.
The variable speed gear rotary piston power machine piston stroke that cylinder piston rotates is long, the fuel gas temperature that the workmanship cylinder is interior, when facing exhaust near atmosphere; During exhaust, high-revolving air vent, cylinder, air outlet flue rise and promote cylinder exhaust, gas exchange action, and the relief opening negative pressure of high speed rotating also has the promotion scavenging action, and rotating speed is fast more, these promote that the effect of exhausts is big more, are enough to make be negative pressure, low temperature in the cylinder of exhaust.The malleation thrust of workmanship cylinder combustion gas and the negative pressure tractive force of exhaust cylinder form makes a concerted effort, than simple big by the torsion of workmanship cylinder gaseous-pressure driven plunger.Nature has the piston of the connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine of positive pressure resistance than silencing apparatus, air outlet flue are installed, and driving force is much bigger.Reducing fuel, fuel gas temperature and pressure in the workmanship cylinder have not equaled atmosphere to exhaust cycle, do not have driving force, rely on the negative pressure traction piston of exhaust cylinder separately, also can produce power, at this moment, the cylinder piston rotating speed is big more, the exhaust cylinder negative pressure is big more, the power of arbor is big more, and when exhaust cylinder air pressure was 0.5 barometric pressure, arbor can be exported the also big moment of torsion of Maximum Torque of the four cylinder four-stroke connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine more identical than P ', S.Certainly, automatical control system can not opened intake valve before workmanship cylinder air pressure also reaches barometric pressure, allow the cylinder of quick rotation, the centripetal force of intake duct replenish air to cylinder, increase malleation in the cylinder, make piston that make a concerted effort to drive (" cold " drives) of malleation thrust, negative pressure tractive force be arranged simultaneously, so that arbor produces bigger moment of torsion.Taking this as an opportunity, and the novel piston power engine of developing a kind of low row who increases power on the high rotating speed of cylinder piston basis, low pressure, low temperature becomes possibility.
(7) cold-working is used stronger in the cylinder.
Variable speed gear rotary piston power machine is because the workmanship cylinder is lower at the later stage fuel gas temperature of doing manual work, and the high temperature that has been conducted into cylinder wall can heat the interior gas of cylinder conversely does manual work, and increases heat utilization efficiency, lowers the green temperature of workmanship cylinder; To exhaust cycle, temperature even can be lower than room temperature in the cylinder, the internal surface of most of piston, cylinder block has long period contact low temperature, therefore cold-working is used stronger in the gas, and the cold waste gas of discharge also has the external cooling effect, particularly the power engine of cylinder rotation, the interior cold-peace external cooling of more favourable cylinder more helps omitting heavy external cooling special arrangement.
(8) thermal efficiency is higher.
The piston of variable speed gear rotary piston power machine has sufficiently long stroke, and delivery temperature drops to room temperature, even below the room temperature, makes the thermal efficiency high especially.The piston steam engine is just because the thermal efficiency, mechanical efficiency is too low is eliminated.Circulation variable speed gear rotary piston power machine in the heat carrying agent, selecting liquefaction point for use is room temperature or the following heat carrying agent of room temperature, can expeditiously heat energy be converted into to consume water the mechanical energy that arbor rotates under adiabatic condition, brings new life for the piston steam engine.When being power with nuclear energy, because circulation speed change gear piston engine can contamination-freely be converted into heat energy the mechanical energy that arbor rotates in the heat carrying agent in the environment of sealing, perhaps can promote the expansion that the nuclear power machine is used in fields such as car, ship, aircraft, generatings; Because circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine in circulation, the combustion gas-heat carrying agent in combustion gas, the heat carrying agent, working medium is at 200 ° below the C, arbor can be exported enough big moment of torsion, therefore can use the out of use low calorie fuels of other hot machine, this is that other hot machine is unapproachable, is the power engine that needs especially after oil is exhausted; Even being expected to make with grass, leaf, treetop, combustible refuse etc. is " animal type " power engine of fuel.In a word, the thermal efficiency height of this power engine, mechanical efficiency height, fuel is not had overcritical, energy-conservation, volume is little, pollution is few, all has very strong applicability before the oil exhaustion, after exhausted.
(9) can directly obtain needed rotating speed, moment of torsion from arbor.
The power metastable rotating speed of needs of many machines and moment of torsion, particularly low-rotate speed, high pulling torque.Speed, the moment of torsion of variable speed gear rotary piston power machine are transformed by change gear train, still have high pulling torque when the fast rotating speed of design, as two cylinder two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machines, cylinder piston rotates 4 π, do manual work 4 times, arbor rotates 6 π, with same cylinder diameter, with maximum pressure in the cylinder, bent axle rotates 4 π, piston is done manual work 4 times, and arbor rotates the connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine of 4 π and compares, and piston is done manual work 4 times equally, arbor 2 π that change more, the arbor Maximum Torque is still big more than 2 times; Design can be by a larger margin during low-rotate speed the raising moment of torsion, therefore, can design directly and obtain needed rotating speed and moment of torsion by arbor.This reduces the weight and volume of machine units power to simplifying machine, and the total efficiency of raising machine highly significant.
(10) the complete machine performance improves more all sidedly.
Because 9 above-mentioned points, the weight and volume of variable speed gear rotary piston power machine specific power is littler, compact integral structure is light and handy, the pressure of exhaust is low, temperature is low, noise is little, and is few with the exhausted air quantity of power, and environmental protection is good, the slow-speed of revolution, high-revolving performance are all better, are expected to improve power performance, runnability, the economic performance of piston engine comprehensively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: positive and negative moment of torsion is transformed into the speed change gear torsional moment converter structure diagram of the built-up gear automaitc shfit of arbor;
Fig. 2: have two positive moments of torsion to be transformed into the speed change gear torsional moment converter structure diagram of the built-up gear automaitc shfit of arbor;
Fig. 3: have positive and negative moment of torsion to be transformed into the speed change gear torsional moment converter structure diagram of the mechanical auto-shifting of arbor;
Fig. 4: only transform the speed change gear torsional moment converter structure diagram of a moment of torsion to arbor:
Fig. 5: have positive and negative moment of torsion to be transformed into the speed change gear torsional moment converter structure diagram of the electric controlled automatic shift of arbor;
Fig. 6: circular solid of rotation valve plug 9a transverse section sketch;
Fig. 7: the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine structure diagram that the cylinder piston of one group of two cylinder rotates respectively;
Fig. 8: one group of two variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that the cylinder two-stroke cylinder piston rotates respectively, the fuel blast in the cylinder 4a is done manual work, the cylinder 4b sketch of taking a breath;
Fig. 9: the fuel in one group of two variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that the cylinder two-stroke cylinder piston rotates respectively, cylinder 4a is done manual work, and piston 5b enters cylinder 4b, cylinder 4b exhaust sketch;
Figure 10: one group of two variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that the cylinder two-stroke cylinder piston rotates respectively, cylinder 4a begins exhaust, cylinder 4b air compression sketch;
Figure 11: one group of two variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that the cylinder two-stroke cylinder piston rotates respectively, the fuel blast in the cylinder 4b is done manual work, the cylinder 4a sketch of taking a breath;
Figure 12: one group of two cylinder variable speed gear rotary piston power machine structure diagram that cylinder rotates;
Figure 13: one group of two cylinder two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that cylinder rotates, cylinder 4b exhaust sketch is done manual work in the blast of cylinder 4a fuel;
Figure 14: one group of two cylinder two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that cylinder rotates, cylinder 4a does manual work, the cylinder 4b sketch of taking a breath;
Figure 15: one group of two cylinder two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that cylinder rotates, cylinder 4a does manual work, cylinder 4b air compression sketch;
Figure 16: the one group of variable speed gear rotary piston power machine structure diagram that axially supplies the partial cylinders rotation of fuel;
Figure 17: fixedly casing wall is for one group of variable speed gear rotary piston power machine structure diagram of the partial cylinders rotation of fuel;
Figure 18: one group of two cylinder two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that partial cylinders is rotated, cylinder 4b exhaust sketch is done manual work in the blast of cylinder 4a fuel;
Figure 19: one group of two cylinder two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that partial cylinders is rotated, cylinder 4a combustion gas expand and do manual work, the cylinder 4b sketch of taking a breath;
Figure 20: one group of two cylinder two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that partial cylinders is rotated, cylinder 4a combustion gas expand and do manual work cylinder 4b air compression sketch;
Figure 21: one group of four cylinder four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that partial cylinders is rotated, cylinder 4a does manual work, 4b, 4d exhaust, 4c air inlet sketch;
Figure 22: one group of four cylinder four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that partial cylinders is rotated, cylinder 4a workmanship, 4b compression, 4c air inlet, 4d exhaust sketch;
Figure 23: one group of four cylinder four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that partial cylinders is rotated, cylinder 4a, 4d exhaust, 4b compression, 4c air inlet sketch;
Figure 24: one group of four cylinder variable speed gear rotary piston gas power machine structure diagram;
Figure 25: one group of four cylinder variable speed gear rotary piston gas power machine, do manual work cylinder 4b, 4d exhaust sketch for combustion gas to cylinder 4a, 4c;
Figure 26: one group of four cylinder variable speed gear rotary piston gas power machine, stop to cylinder 4a, 4c air feed, 4a, 4c combustion gas are expanded and are done manual work cylinder 4b, 4d exhaust sketch;
Figure 27: one group of four cylinder variable speed gear rotary piston gas power machine, cylinder 4a, 4c combustion gas are expanded and are done manual work cylinder 4b, 7d air compression sketch;
Figure 28: one group of four cylinder variable speed gear rotary piston power machine of circuit structure diagram in the heat carrying agent;
Figure 29: one group of four cylinder two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine of circuit in the heat carrying agent, cylinder 4a, 4c heat carrying agent are done manual work cylinder 4b, 4d exhaust sketch;
Figure 30: one group of four cylinder two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine of circuit in the heat carrying agent, stop to cylinder 4a, 4c air feed, 4a, 4c heat carrying agent expand and do manual work cylinder 4b, 4d exhaust sketch;
Figure 31: circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine in one group of four cylinder heat carrying agent, cylinder 4a, 4c combustion gas are expanded and are done manual work cylinder 4b, 4d air compression sketch;
Figure 32: circulation double base variable speed gear rotary piston power machine sketch in combustion gas-heat carrying agent.
Figure 33: High-pressure oil sealing 16 structure diagrams.
In the accompanying drawing shown in the label:
O 1-driving shaft, On-arbor, J-frame, L-link,
R-partial gear, ra-intermittent movement partial gear,
1-gear, 1a-speed change wheels, 2-sheave, 3-end cam,
4-cylinder, 4a-cylinder a, 4b-cylinder b, 4c-cylinder c, 4d-cylinder d,
4A-cylinder wall A part, 4B-cylinder wall B part, 4C-cylinder wall C part,
5-piston, 5a-piston a, 5b-piston b, 5c-piston c, 5d-piston d,
6-intake duct, 7-air outlet flue, 8-backflow road,
9-valve plug, 9a-solid of rotation valve plug rotor, 9b-solid of rotation valve plug stator, 9c-solid of rotation valve plug rotor air vent, 9d-solid of rotation valve plug stator valve port,
10-air-strainer, 11-fuel filter,
12-speed regulator,
13-fuel tank, 14-not revolve high-pressure oil pipe, 15-rotation high-pressure oil pipe, 16-High-pressure oil sealing, 17-accumulator,
18-pressure-limit valve, 19-one-way valve, 20-throttle valve,
21-electrical-controller, 22-various sensors, 23-gear shift sensor, 24-gear shifting operator, 25-oil spout final controlling element, 26-air feed final controlling element, 27-valve plug final controlling element,
28-ball, 29-sleeve pipe, 30-spring,
31-compressor, 32-high-pressure service pump,
33-boiler, 34-firing chamber, 35-boiler outer container,
M 1-driving shaft positive torque ,-M 1-driving shaft negative sense moment of torsion, M 2-be transformed into bigger moment of torsion in two reactive torques of arbor, m 2-be transformed into less moment of torsion in two moments of torsion of arbor.
Among the figure, solid arrow is piston motion direction and size, and hollow arrow is cylinder moving direction and size, and dotted arrow is the gas motion direction, and the point that is dispersed in the cylinder is represented fuel, hot gas.
Embodiment
(1), speed change gear torsional moment converter embodiment:
With one group of two cylinder is example, two driving shaft O 1The gear gear engagement (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5) by speedup, slow down two change gear trains and arbor On respectively.Do manual work when the blast of cylinder 4a fuel, drive two driving shaft O 1Rotate a driving shaft O 1The gear engagement of gear by speedup train and arbor On the time, another driving shaft O 1The gear engagement of gear by deceleration train and arbor On.The deceleration train makes driving shaft O 1Moment of torsion M 1Increase and be the conversion moment of torsion M of arbor On 2(deceleration gear gear outer gearing number of times is an even number) or |-M 2| (deceleration gear gear outer gearing number of times is an odd number), the speedup train makes driving shaft O 1Moment of torsion |-M 1| be reduced to conversion moment of torsion-m of arbor On 2(speedup gear gear outer gearing number of times is an even number) or m 2(speedup gear gear outer gearing number of times is an odd number), arbor On has total conversion moment of torsion M=M 2-m 2(the gear outer gearing number of times of deceleration train, speedup train is all even number, Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5), M=-M 2+ m 2(the gear outer gearing number of times of deceleration train, speedup train is all odd number), perhaps M=M 2+ m 2(deceleration gear gear outer gearing number of times is an even number, and speedup gear gear outer gearing number of times is an odd number, Fig. 2), M=-M 2-m 2(deceleration gear gear outer gearing number of times is an odd number, and speedup gear gear outer gearing number of times is an even number).For reducing length, give unnecessary details, the application following for example, only the speed change gear torsional moment converter that is both even number with the outer gearing number of times of speedup train, deceleration train is an example.
Because deceleration train, speedup train all with the arbor gear engagement, so with the driving shaft O of reduction gear engagement 1And affixed piston 5a rotation is very fast, with the driving shaft O of overdrive gear engagement 1And affixed piston 5b rotates slowlyer, and the volume of the cylinder 4a that is separated into by piston 5a, 5b increases gradually, expands for gas in the cylinder, doing manual work creates conditions, and cylinder 4b volume reduces, and supply and exhaust, air compression create conditions.See Figure 13～Figure 15.
Before cylinder 4b did manual work for the fuel blast, trasmission shifting system made two driving shaft O 1Speedup train that is meshed and the gear shift of deceleration train replace, i.e. the driving shaft O that meshed by deceleration train and arbor On originally 1, gear shift was passed through the driving shaft O of speedup train and arbor On gear engagement originally for by speedup train and arbor On engagement 1, gear shift is for meshing by deceleration train and arbor On.The blast of cylinder 4b fuel is done man-hour, and the deceleration train is exploded fuel to driving shaft O 1Moment of torsion M 1Increase and be the conversion moment of torsion M of arbor On 2(deceleration gear gear outer gearing number of times is an even number), the speedup train is exploding to driving shaft O 1Moment of torsion |-M 1| be reduced to conversion moment of torsion-m of arbor On 2(gear outer gearing number of times is an even number), arbor On has total conversion moment of torsion M=M 2-m 2(Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5), perhaps M=M 2'+m 2(Fig. 2), it is constant that arbor On always transforms the direction of moment of torsion.Because deceleration train and speedup train all with arbor On gear engagement, so, with the driving shaft O of deceleration train engagement 1And affixed piston 5b rotation is very fast, with the driving shaft O of speedup train engagement 1And affixed piston (5a) rotates slowlyer, and the volume of the cylinder 4a that is separated into by piston 5a and 5b reduces gradually, repeats the above-mentioned exhaust process of cylinder 4b; Cylinder 4b volume increases, and repeats the above-mentioned workmanship process of cylinder 4a.
Because speed change gear torsional moment converter speedup train, deceleration train are being controlled two driving shaft O 1Alternately quick rotation, slow rotation, thus controlling and two driving shaft O 1Affixed cylinder piston is quick rotation, slow rotation alternately, and the volume of controlling cylinder alternately becomes greatly and diminishes, and then is controlling workmanship, exhaust, air inlet and the compression of cylinder.
Because the velocity ratio of speedup train, deceleration train can be selected in a big way, so M 2,-m 2Can change in a big way, the rotating speed of speed change gear torsional moment converter arbor On and total moment of torsion that transforms can be selected in a big way, promptly arbor is can rotating speed less than high pulling torque, and is also can the less moment of torsion of rotating speed bigger.
Utilize the intermittent drive characteristic of partial gear in the built-up gear, realize two driving shaft O 1Gear automatic speed changing gear shift (Fig. 1～Fig. 2), be the speed change gear torsional moment converter of built-up gear automatic speed changing gear shift by speedup, slow down two change gear trains and arbor On gear engagement alternately.As a driving shaft O 1Gear, when partial gear speedup train by built-up gear and the gear engagement of arbor On, the deceleration train does not mesh; Meanwhile, another driving shaft O 1Gear by built-up gear partial gear deceleration train and the gear engagement of arbor On, the speedup train does not mesh; As two driving shaft O 1Torque direction to timing, the driving shaft O that meshes by partial gear speedup train and arbor On originally 1, gear shift is for meshing by deceleration train and arbor On, and the speedup train does not mesh; Meanwhile, another driving shaft O that originally meshes by partial gear deceleration train and arbor On 1, gear shift is for meshing by speedup train and arbor On, and the deceleration train does not mesh, and makes total conversion moment of torsion M direction of arbor On constant.
When utilizing the affixed end cam of arbor On 3 to turn to set angle, stir the sheave 2 on the speed change wheels 1a axle, speed change wheels 1a is endwisely slipped, realize speedup train, deceleration train automatic speed changing gear shift alternately (Fig. 3, Fig. 4), be the speed change gear torsional moment converter (Fig. 3) of mechanical automatic speed-changing gear shift.
At arbor On gear shift sensor 23 is set, the axle of speed change wheels 1a is provided with gear shifting operator 24, when arbor On turns to set angle, gear shift sensor 23 spreads out of information, making gear shifting operator 24 drive speed change wheels 1a endwisely slips, realize electrical shift gear shift (Fig. 5), be the speed change gear torsional moment converter of electronic automatic speed gear shift.
When a change gear train not with driving shaft O 1Moment of torsion be transformed into arbor On, have only a change gear train driving shaft O 1Unidirectional torque M2 be transformed into arbor On, be and have only a unidirectional torque to be transformed into the speed change gear torsional moment converter of arbor.
The outer gearing number of times of speedup train, deceleration train is both odd number or is both even number, and arbor On has the opposite moment of torsion M of both direction 2,-m 2, perhaps-M 2, m 2, always transforming moment of torsion is M=M 2-m 2(Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5), perhaps M=-M 2+ m 2
The outer gearing number of times of speedup train, deceleration train, a train is that another train of odd number is an even number, arbor On has the identical conversion moment of torsion M of both direction 2, m 2, perhaps-M 2,-m 2, total conversion moment of torsion M=M of arbor 2+ m 2(Fig. 2), perhaps M=-M 2-m 2
(2), circular solid of rotation valve plug makes the sealing of air vent and valve port or the mode of execution that is communicated with is given an example:
During the state of Fig. 6, circular solid of rotation valve plug rotor 9a is with two valve port 9d sealings of stator; Rotor 9a rotates 90 ° from Fig. 6 state to clockwise direction, and rotor air vent 9c is communicated with stator right side valve port 9d; Rotor 9a rotates 90 ° from Fig. 6 state to counterclockwise direction, and rotor air vent 9c is communicated with stator left side valve port 9d; Rotor rotates 180 ° from air vent 9c and stator left side valve port 9d connected state to clockwise direction, and air vent 9c is communicated with stator right side valve port 9d; Otherwise rotor rotates 180 ° from air vent 9c and stator right side valve port 9d connected state to counterclockwise direction, and rotor air vent 9c is communicated with stator left side valve port 9d; And the state that rotor air vent 9c is communicated with two stator valve port 9d does not simultaneously appear in the conversion process repeatedly of each connected state.
When two valve port 9d of solid of rotation valve plug stator do not need very big (as less than 60 ° at central angle), with dividing plate with solid of rotation valve plug rotor air vent 9c from spaced intermediate, can accomplish a valve port 9d of stator air inlet, another valve port 9d exhaust simultaneously, perhaps change the break-make (not shown) of air inlet, exhaust about 60 °.
(3), the two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine mode of execution that rotates respectively of cylinder piston is for example:
Fig. 7～Figure 11, under starter motor drove, the air compression in cylinder 4a or the 4b was to setting compression ratio, and the deceleration train of speed change gear torsional moment converter and speedup train speed-change and gearshift are alternately, electrical-controller 21 sends information, makes oil spout final controlling element 25 to cylinder 4a oil spout, blast; The pressure-driven piston 5a quick rotation of combustion gas, cylinder 4a slow rotation.See Fig. 8.
Piston 5b and piston 5a are affixed, and cylinder 4a and cylinder 4b are affixed, and piston 5a produces from cylinder 4a, and piston 5b is pushed in the cylinder 4b, and gas in the jar is discharged from air outlet flue 7, see Fig. 9.Because the negative pressure of cylinder rotation, centripetal force and rotation relief opening is quickened exhaust, can present negative pressure in the cylinder 4b.
Piston 5b makes cylinder 4b volume little of setting value, electrical-controller 21 sends information, valve plug final controlling element 27 is closed air outlet flue 7, cylinder 4b air compression, make cylinder, piston when speed replaces, obtain buffering, do not have the sort of rigid impulse defective of intermittent movement partial gear when motion state changes.
Piston 5a rotates when closing on cylinder 4a edge, and electrical-controller 21 sends information to valve plug final controlling element 27, and the air outlet flue 7 of cylinder 4a is opened, cylinder 4a exhaust.See Figure 10.
Piston 5a turn to cylinder 4a outer after, air enters rapidly in the cylinder 4a with air outlet flue 7 negative pressure of centripetal force, high speed rotating takes a breath, and repeats ventilation, exhaust, the compression process of cylinder 4b.The centripetal force that the high speed rotating of cylinder 4a produces and the negative pressure of air outlet flue 7 impel in the cylinder 4a to present negative pressure the power that can strengthen power engine with joint efforts of workmanship cylinder combustion gas thrust and exhaust cylinder negative pressure tractive force.See Figure 11.
Air compression in the cylinder 4b is to setting compression ratio, and the deceleration train of speed change gear torsional moment converter and speedup train speed-change and gearshift replace, and electrical-controller 21 sends information, and oil spout final controlling element 25 repeats the workmanship process of cylinder 4a to cylinder 4b oil spout, blast.
Workmanship, exhaust, air inlet, compression are finished by four strokes, promptly become the four-stroke power engine.Four-stroke power engine mode of execution is an example with the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that partial cylinders is rotated only.
One group of two cylinder two-stroke, cylinder, piston rotation 4 л do manual work 8 times, and arbor rotates 4 π, with same cylinder diameter, with maximum pressure in the cylinder, bent axle rotates 4 л and does manual work 4 times, and arbor rotates the theoretical ratio (K) of Maximum Torque of the four cylinder four-stroke connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine of 4 л, K〉11; Cylinder, piston rotation 4 л do manual work 8 times, and arbor rotates 6 π, K〉7; Cylinder, piston rotation 4 л do manual work 8 times, and arbor rotates 2 π, K〉23.
One group of four cylinder four-stroke (not drawing), cylinder, piston rotation 4 л do manual work 16 times, arbor rotates 4 π, K〉12;
Cylinder, piston rotation 4 л do manual work 16 times, and arbor rotates 1 π, K〉50.
Several groups of cylinders cooperate K bigger, are example with one group of cylinder only for avoiding giving unnecessary details the application.
(4) the two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine mode of execution of cylinder rotation is for example:
Figure 12, Figure 13: under starter motor drives, air compression in the cylinder 4a (perhaps 4b) is to setting compression ratio, the deceleration train of speed change gear torsional moment converter and speedup train speed-change and gearshift are alternately, sensor 22 makes valve plug final controlling element 27 open air outlet flue 7 exhausts of cylinder 4b by electrical-controller 21, makes oil spout final controlling element 25 spray fuel, blast, workmanship in cylinder 4a; Under the cylinder centripetal force and air outlet flue suction function of quick rotation, cylinder 4b is negative pressure, low temperature, two pistons have the malleation thrust of cylinder 4a fuel blast and the negative pressure tractive force force action of cylinder 4b, and the torsion that piston 5a does manual work strengthens, and total conversion moment of torsion M of arbor On strengthens.Low temperature in the cylinder adds upper cylinder and rotates, cold-peace external cooling effect in being subjected to, cylinder cooling special arrangement that needn't huge heaviness.
Figure 12, Figure 14, when cylinder 4b volume-diminished arrives set volume, sensor 22 makes valve plug final controlling element 27 open the intake duct 6 of cylinder 4b by electrical-controller 21, and under the suction function of centripetal force and relief opening, air changes the interior waste gas of cylinder 4b that degass through air-strainer 10, intake duct 6 rapidly;
Figure 15, electrical-controller 21 make the air outlet flue 7 of valve plug final controlling element 27 shifter cylinder 4b, and air flows inertia and centripetal force make air precompressed in the cylinder 4b; Then, electrical-controller 21 makes valve plug final controlling element 27 shifter cylinder 4b intake ducts 6, cylinder 4b air compression, and the combustion gas in the cylinder 4a is still in the workmanship that expands.
If combustion gas is few, stroke is long, underpressure in the cylinder 4a, sensor 22 is to electrical-controller 21 breath of delivering a letter, make valve plug final controlling element 27 open cylinder 4a intake duct 6, allowing centripetal force give increases air pressure in the cylinder 4a, make piston 5a have cylinder 4a malleation thrust to cooperate cylinder 4b negative pressure suction force, strengthen output torque.
Cylinder 4b is compressed to the setting compression ratio, speedup train and deceleration train speed-change and gearshift are alternately, electrical-controller 21 makes valve plug final controlling element 27 open 7 exhausts of cylinder 4a air outlet flue, make oil spout final controlling element 25 to cylinder 4b spray fuel, blast, workmanship, cylinder 4b repeats cylinder 4a workmanship process, and cylinder 4a repeats cylinder 4b exhaust process.
Workmanship, exhaust, air inlet, compression are finished by four strokes, promptly become the four-stroke power engine.
One group of two cylinder two-stroke, cylinder plug rotate 4 л workmanship 4 times, drives crankshaft 6 л, K〉2; The cylinder plug rotates 4 л workmanship 4 times, drives crankshaft 4 л, K〉4; The cylinder plug rotates 4 л workmanship 4 times, drives crankshaft 1 л, K〉18.
One group of four cylinder two-stroke, cylinder plug rotate 4 л workmanship 16 times, drives crankshaft 1 л, K〉70.
One group of four cylinder four-stroke, cylinder plug rotate 4 л workmanship 8 times, drives crankshaft 4 л, K〉8.
(5) the two-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine mode of execution of partial cylinders rotation is for example:
Figure 17, Figure 18, under starter motor drives, air in the cylinder 4a (perhaps 4b) is compressed to the setting compression ratio, the deceleration train of speed change gear torsional moment converter and speedup train speed-change and gearshift are alternately, sensor 22 sends information by electrical-controller 21, make oil spout final controlling element 25 in cylinder 4a, spray fuel, blast, workmanship, cylinder 4b exhaust.
Figure 19: when cylinder 4b volume narrows down to setting value, electrical-controller 21 sends information, and valve plug final controlling element 27 is opened cylinder 4b intake duct 6, and air changes the waste gas in the cylinder 4b that degass.
Figure 20: piston 5a turns to air outlet flue 7, blocks air outlet flue 7, and electrical-controller 21 sends information, makes valve plug final controlling element 27 close intake duct 6, and cylinder 4b enters the air compression phase.
When piston 5a surpasses fixed air outlet flue 7, cylinder 4a exhaust.
Air compression in the cylinder 4b is to setting compression ratio, speed change gear torsional moment converter self-clanging gear-shift makes speedup train and deceleration train speed-change and gearshift alternately, electrical-controller 21 sends information, make oil spout final controlling element 25 in cylinder 4b, spray fuel, blast, cylinder 4b, piston 5b repeat cylinder 4a, piston 5a workmanship process, and cylinder 4a, piston 5a repeat the process of cylinder 4b, piston 5b exhaust, ventilation, compression.
One group of two variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that the cylinder two-stroke partial cylinders is rotated, cylinder plug rotate 4 л workmanship 4 times, drives crankshaft 6 л, K〉2; The cylinder plug rotates 4 л workmanship 4 times, drives crankshaft 4 л, K〉4; The cylinder plug rotates 4 л workmanship 4 times, drives crankshaft 1 л, K〉18.
One group of four cylinder two-stroke, cylinder plug rotate 4 л workmanship 16 times, drives crankshaft 1 л, K〉70.
(6) the four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston powered embodiment of partial cylinders rotation is for example:
Figure 17 is the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine sketch that one group of four cylinder four-stroke partial cylinders is rotated after deducting valve plug, valve actuators, and Figure 21～Figure 24 is this power engine implementation process sketch.Need not valve plug and valve plug final controlling element, structure is simpler, compact.
Figure 21, starter motor arrive the air compression in the cylinder 4a and set compression ratio, and the deceleration train of speed change gear torsional moment converter and speedup train speed-change and gearshift are alternately, electrical-controller 21 sends information, make oil spout final controlling element 25 to cylinder 4a oil spout, blast, workmanship, cylinder 4b, 4d exhaust, 4c air inlet.
After Figure 22, piston 5c turned to 7 mouthfuls of air outlet flues, cylinder 4b entered the air compression phase, and cylinder 4a is still doing manual work, and the one-way valve 19 of air outlet flue 7 is closed, cylinder 4c air inlet, cylinder 4d exhaust.
Figure 23, cylinder 4b air compression latter stage, cylinder 4a exhaust, self-clanging gear-shift carries out gear shift.
Speed change gear torsional moment converter speed-change and gearshift finishes, and electrical-controller 21 sends information, makes oil spout final controlling element 25 to cylinder 4b oil spout, blast, workmanship, cylinder 4c, 4a exhaust, and the 4d air inlet repeats the respective process that cylinder 4a does manual work.According to this, each cylinder is done manual work once in turn, does manual work after 4 times, and 4 pistons all rotate 2 л.
One group of four cylinder four-stroke variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that partial cylinders is rotated, piston rotation 4 л do manual work drives crankshaft 6 л, K 8 times〉4; Piston rotation 4 л do manual work drives crankshaft 4 л, K 8 times〉6; Piston rotation 4 л do manual work drives crankshaft 1 л, K 8 times〉28.
(7) variable speed gear rotary piston gas power facility body mode of execution is for example:
With one group of four cylinder variable speed gear rotary piston gas power machine is example.
Figure 24, Figure 25, fuel be 34 burning output high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas in the firing chamber, through intake duct 6, do manual work cylinder 4b, 4d exhaust for for high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas cylinder 4a, 4c by air feed final controlling element 26.
Figure 26, air feed final controlling element 26 stop to cylinder 4a, 4c air feed, and cylinder 4a, 4c combustion gas are expanded, lower the temperature, done manual work cylinder 4b, 4d exhaust.Interior cold because air feed final controlling element cut-out combustion gas, workmanship cylinder wall have an opportunity to pass the temperature that raises back in the cylinder of lowering the temperature gradually combustion gas if having time, up to about room temperature.
Figure 27, piston 5a, 5c rotate to surpass the mouth of air outlet flue 7, and cylinder 4b, 4d stop exhaust, carry out air compression, make piston 5a, 5c rotating speed slow by fast commentaries on classics, and piston 5b rotating speed has buffering by slow-speed when fast, does not have rigid impact.
After the deceleration of speed change gear torsional moment converter, speedup change gear train speed-change and gearshift replace, piston 5b, 5d repeat the workmanship process of piston 5a, 5c, piston 5a, 5c repeat the exhaust process of piston 5b, 5d, constantly by the speed change gear torsional moment converter moment of torsion are transformed into arbor On.
One group of two cylinder, the variable speed gear rotary piston gas power machine of piston rotation 4 л, workmanship 4 times, drives crankshaft 6 л, K〉2; Piston rotation 4 л, do manual work 4 times, drives crankshaft 4 л, K〉4; One group of two cylinder, cylinder plug rotate 4 л, do manual work 4 times, drives crankshaft 1 л, K〉15;
One group of four cylinder, the cylinder plug rotates 4 л, do manual work 8 times, the variable speed gear rotary piston gas power machine of drives crankshaft 1 л, K〉30.
(8) circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine embodiment is given an example in the heat carrying agent:
With circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine in one group of four cylinder heat carrying agent is example.
Figure 28, Figure 29: high-pressure hot gas enters cylinder 4a, 4c from boiler 33 through intake duct 6, air feed final controlling element 26 and does manual work cylinder 4b, 4d exhaust.
Figure 28, Figure 30: cylinder 4a, 4c volume increase to setting value, and electrical-controller 21 sends information, and air feed final controlling element 26 stops to cylinder 4a, 4c air feed, and the hot gas in the cylinder begins expansion, cooling, step-down workmanship; Cylinder 4b, 4d exhaust, the low temperature heat carrying agent enters backflow road 8 through air outlet flue 7, is flowed back to boiler 33 and is recycled by compressor 31, boiler outer container 35, high-pressure service pump 32, one-way valve 19.Because the suction of pump, air outlet flue 7 and exhaust cylinder 4b, 4d can be negative pressure, play traction piston 5a, 5c and do manual work and increase power, also play and reduce the effect of heat carrying agent boiling point; On the other hand, gas reforming is emitted a large amount of heat of liquefactions during for liquid, makes heat carrying agent keep boiling temperature, and blowback boiler 33 is easy to gasification when recycling, reduce energy consumption, improves boiler thermal output.
Figure 28, Figure 31: after piston 5a, 5c turn to air outlet flue 7, before the deceleration of speed change gear torsional moment converter, speedup change gear train speed-change and gearshift replace, electrical-controller 21 sends information, and air feed final controlling element 26 for the high pressure-temperature heat carrying agent, cushions the collision of change gear to cylinder 4b, 4d.Cylinder 4a, 4c exhaust through air outlet flue 7, backflow road 8, are sent boiler outer container 35, high-pressure service pump 32 to send boiler 33 Heating Cyclic back to by compressor 31 and are used.
After the deceleration of speed change gear torsional moment converter, speedup change gear train speed-change and gearshift replaced, piston 5a became slow rotation by quick rotation, repeated the process of piston 5b slow rotation; Piston 5b becomes quick rotation by slow rotation, repeats the process of piston 5a quick rotation, said process constantly repeatedly, compressor 31, high-pressure service pump 32 are constantly sent the heat carrying agent of air outlet flue 7 back to boiler 33 and are recycled, arbor On constantly total conversion of output turns round M.
Circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine in the heat carrying agent, one group of two cylinder two-stroke, piston rotation 2 л, do manual work 2 times, drives crankshaft 2 л, K〉4; The cylinder plug rotates 2 л, do manual work 2 times, drives crankshaft л/2, K〉16;
One group of four cylinder two-stroke, cylinder plug rotate 2 л, do manual work 4 times, drives crankshaft л/2, K〉35.
(9) circulation double base variable speed gear rotary piston power machine mode of execution is given an example in combustion gas-heat carrying agent:
Figure 32: circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine group constitutes circulation double base variable speed gear rotary piston power machine in the combustion gas-heat carrying agent in variable speed gear rotary piston gas power unit and the heat carrying agent.
Boiler is if select for use liquefaction point to do heat carrying agent in room temperature or the fluid below the room temperature, provide the steam about 500 ℃ to drive circulation rotary piston power machine in the heat carrying agent, temperature drops to room temperature and discharges cylinder 4 later on, flow back to boiler outer container 35 through air outlet flue 7, backflow road 8, compressor 31, cooled furnace wall is conveyed into boiler 33 by high-pressure service pump 32 again and heats and recycle.The combustion gas of firing chamber more than 500 degree drives the outer fuel power machine of variable speed gear rotary piston, becomes discharging again about 30 ℃, and the thermal efficiency improves greatly.
At variable speed gear rotary piston gas power unit, though that fuel gas temperature and pressure are at half than the connecting bar and crankshaft piston engine is many,, one group of two cylinder, piston rotation 2 л, do manual work 2 times, drives crankshaft 2 л, K〉and 2;
One group of four cylinder, the cylinder plug rotates 4 л, circulation binary variable speed gear rotary piston power machine in do manual work 8 times, combustion gas-heat carrying agent of drives crankshaft 2 л, K〉8.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of variable speed gear rotary piston power machine, comprise: cylinder, piston, piston shaft, arbor, speedup train, deceleration train and automatic gear-shifting mechanism thereof, confession exhaust are for fuel and control system thereof, it is characterized in that the speed change gear torsional moment converter, the cylinder piston external member supplies fuel and control system thereof for exhaust:
＜1 〉, the speed change gear torsional moment converter is characterised in that: driving shaft (O 1) and arbor (On) between speedup train, deceleration train are set simultaneously, two driving shaft (O 1) the gear gear engagement by speedup, slow down two change gear trains and arbor (On) respectively, and the automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism makes two driving shaft (O in rotation process 1) with speedup train, deceleration train be engaged with regularly speed-change and gearshift alternately; The automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism of speed change gear torsional moment converter has built-up gear automatic speed changing gear shift, mechanical automatic speed-changing gear shift, electronic automatic speed gear shift;
The built-up gear self-clanging gear-shift is characterised in that: at driving shaft (O 1) and arbor (On) between built-up gear speedup train, deceleration train, the automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism that is made of partial gear is set;
The mechanical automatic speed-changing gearshift mechanism is characterised in that: at two driving shaft (O 1) and arbor (On) between settle speedup train, deceleration train; The axle affixed sheave (2) of speed change wheels (1a), arbor (On) fixed connecting end face cam (3);
The electronic automatic speed gearshift mechanism is characterised in that: at driving shaft (O 1) and arbor (On) between settle speedup train, deceleration train, at arbor (On) or driving shaft (O 1) settle gear shift sensor (23), settle gear shifting operator (24) at the axle of speed change wheels (1a);
＜2 〉, the cylinder piston external member is characterised in that: be subjected to two opposite two-part cylinder pistons that power acted on of working medium direction and be dynamically connected each other, also be dynamically connected with other body, and respectively with two driving shaft (O 1) affixed, the structure that is fit to these characteristics has: circular arc piston and circular arc cylinder be affixed two driving shaft (O respectively 1), the structure that the circular arc piston rotates in the circular arc cylinder; Along cylinder axis axially, the two-part (4A), (4B) that cylinder wall are divided into independent rotation, the affixed n spare piston of difference in two-part cylinder wall, the circular cylinder that two-part cylinder wall is encircled into is separated into one group of 2n independently circular arc cylinder, cylinder wall (4A), (4B) outer by link (L) respectively with two driving shaft (O 1) the affixed and structure of rotating; Along cylinder axis axially cylinder wall is divided into independently three parts, a part (4C) is fixing, two-part (4A), (4B) respectively with two driving shaft (O 1) affixed and rotate, affixed n spare piston respectively in two-part cylinder wall (4A) of rotation, (4B), the circular cylinder that two-part cylinder wall is encircled into is separated into one group of 2n the independently structure of circular arc cylinder; The structure that the outer firing chamber (34) that is provided with of cylinder (4) is communicated with the cylinder piston of rotation; Heat carrying agent between cylinder (4) and boiler (33) in the circuit structure;
＜3 〉, be characterised in that for fuel and control system thereof: can adapt to the rotary cylinder piston for fuel and control system thereof for exhaust for exhaust;
Can constitute according to above principle and feature: the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that cylinder piston rotates respectively, cylinder rotate, the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that partial cylinders is rotated, the outer fuel power machine of variable speed gear rotary piston, circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine in the heat carrying agent, circulation double base variable speed gear rotary piston power machine in combustion gas-heat carrying agent, the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine of several structure types.
2, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the characteristics of the described built-up gear that is made of partial gear are: a gear combines by the partial gear of several concentrics is affixed.
3, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described cylinder piston external member is that circular arc piston (5) and circular arc cylinder (4) are fixed in two driving shaft (O by link (L) respectively 1) on, rotating around same axle center, circular arc piston (5) can rotate in circular arc cylinder (4).
4, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described cylinder piston external member structure is: along the two-part (4A), (4B) that axially cylinder wall are divided into independent rotation of cylinder axis, the affixed n spare piston of difference in two-part cylinder wall (4A), (4B), the circular cylinder that piston is encircled into two-part cylinder wall is divided into independently circular arc cylinder of one group of 2n, two-part cylinder wall (4A), (4B) outer by link (L) respectively with two driving shaft (O 1) affixed and rotate.
5, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine according to claim 1, wherein the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that rotates respectively of cylinder piston is characterised in that: circular arc cylinder (4) and circular arc piston (5) are fixed in two driving shaft (O respectively by link (L) 1) on, rotating around same axle center, piston can rotate to go in the cylinder; Driving shaft (O 1) the gear engagement of gear by deceleration train, speedup train and automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism thereof and arbor (On).
6, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine according to claim 1, wherein the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that rotates of cylinder is characterised in that: cylinder piston is divided into two-part of independent rotation, by link (L) respectively with two driving shaft (O 1) affixed and rotate two driving shaft (O 1) the gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism thereof and arbor (On) respectively.
7, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine according to claim 1, wherein the variable speed gear rotary piston power machine that rotates of partial cylinders is characterised in that: axially cylinder wall is divided into independently three parts along cylinder (4) center, part cylinder wall (4C) is fixing, two-part cylinder wall (4A), (4B) outer by link (L) respectively with two driving shaft (O 1) affixed and rotate; The affixed n spare piston of difference in the cylinder wall (4A) that rotates, (4B), the circular cylinder that three partial cylinders walls are encircled into is separated into one group of 2n independently circular arc cylinder; Article two, driving shaft (O 1) the gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism thereof and arbor (On) respectively.
8, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine according to claim 1, wherein the outer fuel power machine of variable speed gear rotary piston is characterised in that: set up firing chamber (34) outside cylinder (4), the workmanship combustion gas of cylinder (4) is supplied with by firing chamber (34); Two-part of cylinder piston independent rotation by link (L) respectively with two driving shaft (O 1) affixed, two driving shaft (O 1) the gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism thereof and arbor (On) respectively.
9, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine according to claim 1, wherein the circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine is characterised in that in the heat carrying agent: the boiler (33) that heat carrying agent is housed is set outside the cylinder (4) of cylinder piston external member, and the heat carrying agent that cylinder (4) is done manual work is supplied with by boiler (33); Heat carrying agent is carried back boiler (33) Heating Cyclic after doing manual work and lowering the temperature in cylinder (4); Two-part cylinder piston of independent rotation by link (L) respectively with two driving shaft (O 1) affixed, two driving shaft (O 1) the gear gear engagement by deceleration train, speedup train and automatic speed changing gearshift mechanism thereof and arbor (On) respectively.
10, variable speed gear rotary piston power machine according to claim 1, wherein circulation double base variable speed gear rotary piston power machine is characterised in that in combustion gas-heat carrying agent: a power engine is made of jointly circuit variable speed gear rotary piston power machine group in outer fuel power machine group of variable speed gear rotary piston and the heat carrying agent.
CNB200610126406XA 2005-12-23 2006-08-25 Variable speed gear rotary piston power machine Expired - Fee Related CN100507216C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB200610126406XA CN100507216C (en) 2005-12-23 2006-08-25 Variable speed gear rotary piston power machine

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200510120525.X 2005-12-23
CNA200510120525XA CN1811146A (en) 2005-12-23 2005-12-23 Piston engine with combined gear pair
CNB200610126406XA CN100507216C (en) 2005-12-23 2006-08-25 Variable speed gear rotary piston power machine

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CN1932247A CN1932247A (en) 2007-03-21
CN100507216C true CN100507216C (en) 2009-07-01

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101344035B (en) * 2008-07-21 2010-06-09 尤文峰 Piston-rotating internal combustion engine
CN107035653A (en) * 2017-04-11 2017-08-11 上乘精密科技（苏州）有限公司 A kind of circumference puts air compression plant

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
旋转发动机的发展与现状. 李志立，石亚红，杨翔宇.四川兵工学报，第23卷第3期. 2002
旋转发动机的发展与现状. 李志立，石亚红，杨翔宇.四川兵工学报，第23卷第3期. 2002 *

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