CN101265418B - Anti-scaling agent used for hydrogenation plant and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
Anti-scaling agent used for hydrogenation plant and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN101265418B CN101265418B CN2008100497184A CN200810049718A CN101265418B CN 101265418 B CN101265418 B CN 101265418B CN 2008100497184 A CN2008100497184 A CN 2008100497184A CN 200810049718 A CN200810049718 A CN 200810049718A CN 101265418 B CN101265418 B CN 101265418B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a descaling agent used for a hydrogenation device and the preparation method and the application thereof, and solves the coking and scale deposition of the relevant equipment during the petroleum refining process, such as a hydrogenation device reactor, a heating furnace, and a heat exchanger. The general formula of the hydrogenation descaling agent is shown as the formula (1), wherein, R is C8-C20 alkyl; R2 is H, R1 is C1-C24 alkyl, alkoxy or aryl; or both R1 and R2 are C1-C15 alkyl, alkoxy or aryl. Through adopting the descaling agent of the invention, notonly the coking and scale deposition can be inhibited, but also the production is simple and easy, and the descaling agent is harmless to the environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of Scale inhibitors that transforms the burnt dirt that forms in the hydrocarbon ils equipment, particularly a kind of Scale inhibitors that is used for hydrogenation unit and its production and application of being suppressed at.
Background technology
Along with the oil quality index and the requirement on environmental protection of increasingly stringent, the status of hydrogenation unit in petroleum refining process is important further.Yet along with crude oil becomes heavy variation day by day, the coking of hydrogenation unit relevant devices and corrosion are serious day by day, and the coke that corrosion product FeS and Unstable Substance polymerization generate forms incrustation at hydrogenating materials interchanger, reactor catalyst bed easily.Incrustation causes heat exchange efficiency reduction, energy consumption to increase in feed circuit interchanger deposition; Incrustation deposits the dirt layer that seriously can form as " blanket " on the reactor catalyst bed, cause reactant flow channels to stop up, and bed pressure drop increases, and makes that energy consumption increases, treatment capacity reduces and on-stream time shortens, when serious even the entail dangers to safety in production.At present, in China especially based on refinery's hydrogenation unit of refining high-sulfur (sulfur-bearing) crude oil, the situation ubiquity of stock oil interchanger, beds incrustation.Both at home and abroad generally take the method for micro-Scale inhibitors of annotating, and obtain positive effect at fouling of heat exchangers.And be when bed pressure drop increases to design requirements to the domestic common practice of beds incrustation, reduce treatment capacity, handle until stopping work, had a strong impact on the safe handling of device long period.Abroad, existing report uses the bed Scale inhibitors can obviously reduce bed pressure drop, extension fixture on-stream time.
Experimental study shows, the incrustation of hydrogenation unit beds mainly is made up of coke and FeS, the reason that FeS forms incrustation is: the FeS major sedimentary that upstream device generates because of corrosion because of souring is carried into reactor by raw material, forms incrustation on the wall of tower, equipment and pipeline.Coke is an organic deposition, and its origin cause of formation comprises: the 1. Raolical polymerizable that is caused by heteroatomss such as sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen; 2. the condensation reaction of generations such as the condensed-nuclei aromatics in the raw material, colloid, bituminous matter; 3. by the Raolical polymerizable of the metal ion catalysises such as iron in the raw material.
Incrustation according to above-mentioned hydrogenation unit beds forms mechanism, and the bed Scale inhibitors should possess following function:
(1) become the dirt of external phase layer and hole occurs forming and be deposited on the effect that incrustation on the beds has (comprising FeS, coke) glomeration, making, make logistics be able to by.
(2) can change the free radical reaction course, stop the generation of free radical green coke reaction.
(3) can the passive metal ion, avoid the metal catalytic Raolical polymerizable.
RESEARCH ON SCALE INHIBITOR starts from the sixties in last century, still has many companies to be devoted to the exploitation in this field so far in the world.Scale inhibitors technology great majority before are at the incrustation problem of stock oil heat-exchange system.These technology mainly are the formation from the inhibition organic deposition, and impel the established burnt dirty angle of dissolving, being scattered in the fluid to set out, and avoid burnt dirty formation at equipment such as pipeline, interchanger to deposit.Disclose use steric hindrance phenol type antioxidant as free radical terminator as U.S. Pat P5271824, suppressed Raolical polymerizable; USP5194620, USP5342505 and CN1218095A respectively disclose with the polyisobutene succinimide or derivatives thereof the burnt dirt that forms disperseed and solubilising; USP4828674 discloses with poly-alkyl monosulfide phenolic compound and as purification agent the heat exchanger surface of incrustation has been carried out scale removal; USP4542253 discloses and has used phosphate compounds as metal surface modifier, suppresses the katalysis that metal focusing dirt generates; USP4775458, USP4927561 disclose the compound formation of controlling burnt dirt such as purification agent and oxidation inhibitor.A few patents is also arranged at hydrogenator bed incrustation,, disclose after device is stopped work, clean, reach the purpose of scale removal with the beds of the wash oil that contains organic amine to fouling as U.S. Pat P4155875.This technology can only be cleaned bed after device is stopped work, on-stream time that can not extension fixture.U.S. Pat 4921592 discloses long-chain amine salt with alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS) as Scale inhibitors, and the beds of fouling is had a tangible hypotensive effect.But this Scale inhibitors does not have obviously to suppress the effect that organic deposition generates.U.S. Pat P4024048 discloses with primary amine or secondary amine neutral phosphoric acid ester or thiophosphatephosphorothioate as hydrodesulfurization unit interchanger, process furnace, beds Scale inhibitors.This compound has the passive metal function as Scale inhibitors, and the beds that stops up is had certain hypotensive effect, but does not possess the function that suppresses the radical polymerization green coke.
At present, mainly there is following problem in the Scale inhibitors technology:
(1) most of Scale inhibitors technology are at raw material heat-exchange system incrustation problem, specially at the Scale inhibitors of hydrogenation unit reactor seldom.
(2) can only after stopping work, use in device on-stream time that can not extension fixture at the wash oil technology of hydrogenation unit.
(3) existing bed Scale inhibitors function singleness can not possess multiple functions such as resistance is poly-, metal passivation, reduction bed pressure drop simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is coking and fouling, especially the hydrogenation unit reactor bed incrustation problem for solution petroleum refining process hydrogenation unit interchanger, process furnace, reactor relevant devices, and a kind of Scale inhibitors that is used for hydrogenation unit and its production and application is provided.Scale inhibitors of the present invention not only can suppress coking and fouling, and produce simple and easy to do, nontoxic to environment.
The invention provides a kind of Scale inhibitors, it is characterized in that: the general structure of this Scale inhibitors as the formula (1).
Wherein, R is C
8～C
20Alkyl, preferred C
10～C
12Alkyl, preferably dodecyl; R
2Be H, R
1Be C
1～C
24Alkyl, alkoxyl group or aryl, C preferably
3～C
20Alkyl chain; Or R
1And R
2Be C
1～C
15Alkyl, alkoxyl group or aryl, C preferably
3～C
10Alkyl.
The preparation method of Scale inhibitors of the present invention is: alkyl salicylate and the organic amine mol ratio according to 1: 1 is added in the organic solvent, in pressure is 0.1Mpa, temperature is to react 1～4 hour under 30～100 ℃ the condition, and distillation removes organic solvent, promptly gets Scale inhibitors of the present invention.
The general structure of alkyl salicylate of the present invention as the formula (2).
Wherein, R is C
8～C
20Alkyl, preferred C
12～C
18Alkyl, preferably dodecyl.
Described organic amine is aliphatic amide, aromatic amine, hydramine, diamines, polyamine or acid amides, preferably aliphatic amide.
Described aliphatic amide is kiber alkyl amine, alkyl secondary amine or alkyl tertiary amine; Kiber alkyl amine preferably.Described kiber alkyl amine is C
1～C
24Kiber alkyl amine, preferably C
3～C
20Kiber alkyl amine, C preferably
12～C
18Kiber alkyl amine, as lauryl amine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, tallow amine or coco amine.Described alkyl secondary amine is C
1～C
15Alkyl secondary amine, C preferably
3～C
10Alkyl secondary amine is as Diisopropylamine, Di-Octyl amine or didecylamine.
Described aromatic amine is a pentanoic;
Described hydramine is monoethanolamine or diethanolamine.
Described acid amides is a succimide.
Described diamines is quadrol or hexanediamine;
Described polyamine is a polyethylene polyamine, and its structural formula is H
2N (CH
2CH
2NH)
nCH
2CH
2NH
2, wherein n is 1～6 integer.Polyethylene polyamine recommends to use diethylenetriamine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine or their mixture.
Organic solvent of the present invention is straight-run spirit, straight-run diesel oil or aromatic hydrocarbons.Preferred aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably boiling range is 180～210 ℃ a aromatic hydrocarbons.
Scale inhibitors of the present invention is mainly used in the coking and fouling of hydrogenation unit reactor.The hydrogenation unit that Scale inhibitors provided by the invention is applicable to comprises hydrotreatment, hydrocracking, hydrofining, residuum hydrodesulfurization and device, especially wax oil hydrogenation cracking unit, residual hydrocracking and hydrodesulfurization unit such as reformed pre-hydrogenated.
The invention provides the using method that a kind of Scale inhibitors is used for the hydrogenation unit reactor, comprise and suppress hydrogenation unit reactor bed incrustation, the high using method of retaining bed lamination falling-rising, and bed obviously incrustation, the obviously using method during rising of layer fallen.Go into operation the initial stage at device, reactor bed does not have the situation of obvious pressure drop, for avoiding bed incrustation to cause pressure drop to raise, with the coking precursor coking and fouling of control in the working fluid, prevent that burnt dirt deposition, retaining bed lamination falling-rising height on beds from being main purpose, in the working fluid of hydrogenation unit, add Scale inhibitors provided by the invention, the add-on of Scale inhibitors is that to make the amount of Scale inhibitors in the working fluid be 10～200 μ g/g, preferably 30～100 μ g/g.When bed needs to reduce treatment capacity because of the incrustation pressure drop obviously is increased to, the add-on of Scale inhibitors is that to make the amount of Scale inhibitors in the working fluid be 100～500 μ g/g, 100～300 μ g/g preferably, be used to change the burnt dirty form of established on the reactor bed " blanket " shape, make burnt dirt be gathered into macrobead, increase the bed hole, reduce bed pressure drop.
Working fluid of the present invention comprises naphtha fraction, gasoline fraction, kerosene(oil)fraction, diesel oil distillate, wax oil cut, long residuum and vacuum residuum etc.The present invention is effective especially to sulphur content height, oil product that corrosion tendency is big.
Coking and fouling of the present invention is in the course of processing of crude oil and oil product, working fluid by original solid matter in radical chain reaction, metal-catalyzed polymerization, non-catalytic polymerization and the working fluid (comprising impurity and corrosion product FeS in the oil product) deposition wait form on the relevant devices surface burnt dirty.
The present invention compared with prior art, the Scale inhibitors that is provided has the function that stops radical chain reaction, can effectively stop the formation of macromolecular organic compound; The high polymer of original solid matter and formation in the working fluid had disperse and the effect of solubilising, can prevent that it from depositing in equipment surface; " blanket " shape incrustation (comprising organic deposition and FeS) is gathered into the macrobead effect on the reactor bed to being deposited on, has the bed of increasing hole, reduces the bed pressure drop effect.Therefore Scale inhibitors provided by the invention not only has the function that stops organic deposition to generate, and can change the state that the dirt layer forms on beds, produce simple and easy to do, nontoxic to environment.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail with specific embodiment below, but embodiment does not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The structure of new compound A and preparation method.
1. the structure of new compound A
2. preparation method
114g (0.5mol) dodecyl Whitfield's ointment, 134.5g (0.5mol) octadecyl primary amine and 50g dimethylbenzene are placed the there-necked flask that thermometer, agitator, prolong are housed, be heated to 80～90 ℃ of reactions 1 hour, promptly obtain new compound Scale inhibitors A after filtering and boil off solvent.
Embodiment 2
The structure of new compound B and preparation method.
1. the structure of new compound B
2. preparation method
128g (0.5mol) tetradecyl Whitfield's ointment, 91.5g (0.5mol) dodecyl primary amine and 50g aromatic solvent naphtha (boiling range is 180～200 ℃) are placed the there-necked flask that thermometer, agitator, prolong are housed, be heated to 80～90 ℃ of reactions 1 hour, promptly obtain new compound Scale inhibitors B after filtering and boil off solvent.
Embodiment 3
The structure of new compound C and preparation method.
1. the structure of new compound C
2. preparation method
142g (0.5mol) hexadecyl Whitfield's ointment, 30.5g (0.5mol) monoethanolamine and 36g aromatic solvent naphtha (boiling range is 180～200 ℃) are placed the there-necked flask that thermometer, agitator, prolong are housed, be heated to 40～50 ℃ of reactions 1 hour, promptly obtain new compound Scale inhibitors C after filtering and boil off solvent.
Embodiment 4
The structure of new compound D and preparation method.
1. the structure of new compound D
2. preparation method
156g (0.5mol) octadecyl Whitfield's ointment, 47g (0.5mol) triethylene tetramine and 40g aromatic solvent naphtha (boiling range is 180～200 ℃) are placed the there-necked flask that thermometer, agitator, prolong are housed, be heated to 60～70 ℃ of reactions 1 hour, promptly obtain new compound Scale inhibitors D after filtering and boil off solvent.
Embodiment 5
The structure of new compound E and preparation
1. the structure of new compound E
2. preparation method
114g (0.5mol) dodecyl Whitfield's ointment, 50.5g (0.5mol) Diisopropylamine and 41g aromatic solvent naphtha (boiling range is 180～200 ℃) are placed the there-necked flask that thermometer, agitator, prolong are housed, be heated to 40～50 ℃ of reactions 1 hour, promptly obtain new compound Scale inhibitors E after filtering and boil off solvent.
Embodiment 6
The evaluation method of Scale inhibitors and evaluation result
1. the evaluation method of Scale inhibitors
Raw material and Scale inhibitors are respectively through fresh feed pump with add the agent pump and enter reactor together with after mixing from the high pressure hydrogen in the pipe network, in reactor through the heating, and under the effect of catalyzer, carry out hydrogenation reaction, then behind high-pressure separator and light pressure separator, hydrogenated oil is discharged gas emptying from the light pressure separator bottom.For investigating the hypotensive effect of Scale inhibitors to the beds of fouling, the special certain thickness dirty powder (comprising organic deposition and FeS) of on beds, laying, treat that bed pressure drop is stabilized in certain pressure after the experiment beginning, again Scale inhibitors is injected in the system, observe change in pressure drop.The evaluation of scale inhibitor condition sees Table 1.
Table 1 evaluation of scale inhibitor condition
2. the evaluation result of Scale inhibitors
Scale inhibitors is as shown in table 2 to the influence of bed pressure drop.
Table 2 Scale inhibitors is to the influence of bed pressure drop
By table 2 data as can be seen, five kinds of new compounds all have obvious reduction effect to the beds pressure drop, new compound E step-down amplitude maximum wherein, and promptly Diisopropylamine and alkyl salicylate synthetic amine salt effect are best, and the pressure drop amplitude reaches 54.6%; Next is that octadecyl primary amine and alkyl salicylate synthetic amine salt effect are better, and the pressure drop amplitude reaches 44.7%.
Claims (10)
1. Scale inhibitors that is used for hydrogenation unit is characterized in that: the general structure of this Scale inhibitors is as (1) formula:
Wherein, R is C
8～C
20Alkyl, R
2Be H, R
1Be C
1～C
24Alkyl, alkoxyl group or aryl, or R
1And R
2Be C
1～C
15Alkyl, alkoxyl group or aryl.
2. according to the described Scale inhibitors of claim 1, it is characterized in that: R is C
10～C
12Alkyl.
3. according to the described Scale inhibitors of claim 2, it is characterized in that: R is a dodecyl.
4. according to the described Scale inhibitors of claim 1, it is characterized in that: R
2Be H, R
1Be C
3～C
20Alkyl.
5. according to the described Scale inhibitors of claim 1, it is characterized in that: R
1And R
2Be C
3～C
10Alkyl.
6. the preparation method of the described Scale inhibitors of claim 1, it is characterized in that: alkyl salicylate and organic amine are placed organic solvent according to 1: 1 mol ratio, under the condition of 30～100 ℃ of pressure 0.1MPa, temperature, reacted 1～4 hour, distillation removes organic solvent, promptly get Scale inhibitors, wherein the general structure of alkyl salicylate as the formula (2)
Wherein: R is C
8～C
20Alkyl, organic amine is aliphatic amide, aromatic amine, hydramine, diamines, polyamine or acid amides, organic solvent is straight-run spirit, straight-run diesel oil or aromatic hydrocarbons.
7. according to the described preparation method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described organic amine is an aliphatic amide, and organic solvent is an aromatic hydrocarbons.
8. according to the described preparation method of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described aliphatic amide is kiber alkyl amine, alkyl secondary amine or alkyl tertiary amine, and kiber alkyl amine is C
1～C
24Kiber alkyl amine, alkyl secondary amine are C
1～C
15Alkyl secondary amine; Described aromatic amine is a pentanoic; Hydramine is monoethanolamine or diethanolamine; Acid amides is a succimide; Diamines is quadrol or hexanediamine; Polyamine is a polyethylene polyamine, and its structural formula is H
2N (CH
2CH
2NH)
nCH
2CH
2NH
2, wherein n is 1～6 integer.
9. according to the described preparation method of claim 8, it is characterized in that: described kiber alkyl amine is C
3～C
20Kiber alkyl amine; Alkyl secondary amine is C
3～C
10Alkyl secondary amine; Polyethylene polyamine is diethylenetriamine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine or their mixture.
10. the application of the described Scale inhibitors of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the working fluid of hydrogenation unit, add Scale inhibitors, go into operation the initial stage at device, the add-on of Scale inhibitors is that to make the weight content of Scale inhibitors in the working fluid be 10～200 μ g/g, when bed need to reduce treatment capacity because of the incrustation pressure drop obviously is increased to, the add-on of Scale inhibitors was that to make the weight content of Scale inhibitors in the working fluid be 100～500 μ g/g.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104293393A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2015-01-21 | 宜兴市星光宝亿化工有限公司 | Hydrogenation scale inhibitor of residual oil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102876373B (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2015-04-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for prolonging running period of hydrotreatment device |
| CN107674705B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2020-03-17 | 蒋旭辉 | Hydrogenation bed pressure drop inhibitor |
| CN111378506B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2022-10-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Scale inhibitor and preparation method thereof |
| CN110127871B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2022-01-11 | 四川文理学院 | Novel scale inhibitor and application thereof |
| CN110028170B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2022-01-25 | 四川文理学院 | Efficient scale inhibitor and application thereof |
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| CN1710032A (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2005-12-21 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Anti-coking agent, and its preparation and use method |
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2008
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| US4921592A (en) * | 1988-07-11 | 1990-05-01 | Amoco Corporation | Process for controlling fouling of catalyst beds |
| CN1438219A (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2003-08-27 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Compound with scale-resisting function and its preparation method and use |
| CN1710032A (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2005-12-21 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Anti-coking agent, and its preparation and use method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104293393A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2015-01-21 | 宜兴市星光宝亿化工有限公司 | Hydrogenation scale inhibitor of residual oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN104293393B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-03-30 | 宜兴市星光宝亿化工有限公司 | A kind of residual hydrogenation Scale inhibitors and preparation method thereof |
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