CN101262153A - Cage inductive electromotor with detection loop and detection method for its rotor broken bar - Google Patents
Cage inductive electromotor with detection loop and detection method for its rotor broken bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN101262153A CN101262153A CNA2008100643477A CN200810064347A CN101262153A CN 101262153 A CN101262153 A CN 101262153A CN A2008100643477 A CNA2008100643477 A CN A2008100643477A CN 200810064347 A CN200810064347 A CN 200810064347A CN 101262153 A CN101262153 A CN 101262153A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cage induction motor provided with a detecting coil and a detection method for rotor broken bars, which relate to the technique field of motors and detection technique thereof and solve the problems that the existing failure detection method for rotor broken bars of cage induction motors is not very accurate and easy to misjudge and cannot detect motors at any time. The cage induction motor provided with a detecting coil comprises a shell, a stator as well as the detecting coil; the detection coil is a single-turn overall spread coil embedded at the stator slot of the antipode of the motor close to an air gap and two ends of the detection coil are reserved outside the shell. The detection method for rotor broken bars of the motor is as follows: the motor to be detected is operated under a loading condition and signals at two ends of the detection coil of the motor are collected and analyzed to obtain curves of all subharmonic of air gap flux density; when harmonic amplitude in the curves obviously increases and is in periodic pulsation, the existence of broken bars can be judged. The cage induction motor and the detection method can be applicable to the field of motor production, maintenance and detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the online test method and the equipment of a kind of cage type asynchronous motor and rotor bar breaking fault thereof, belong to motor and detection technique field thereof.
Background technology
Advantages such as it is simple in structure, cheap, reliable that cage induction motor has and become the most widely used energy conversion device in the various production processes, particularly in recent years along with the development of ac speed control technology, cage induction motor has also occupied one seat at some high-performance transmission fields.But in actual production process, because the manufacturing process of cage-type rotor is subjected to the restriction of manufactory's technical merit, and the condition of work of frequent motor starting is again that actual condition is desired, so rotor bar often snaps and fault such as fracture is unavoidable.When slight broken bar fault appears in rotor bar, only cause that usually the revolutional slip of motor under constant torque load increases, and correspondingly causes the increase of stator current and input power.When more serious fracture appearred in rotor bar, the starting time of motor obviously extended, even can not start.During operation, motor is also with violent vibration, and noise increases, and has influenced the operation and the useful life of motor.So it is necessary that motor is in time detected, find the fault symptom of a trend and the minor failure of motor in advance, can in time take corresponding measure, with the economic loss that reduces or avoid pernicious fault to cause, also significant to guaranteeing safety in production.
In the disconnected bar detection method of existing cage induction motor, commonly used have following two kinds of methods: one, directly judge the method that has or not broken bar fault by the monitoring stator current, this method is to investigate (1-2s) f
1So frequency component, but because cage-type induction machine when operation slip s is very little is (1-2s) f
1With f
1These two frequencies are very approaching, f when doing spectrum analysis
1The leakage of frequency component can be flooded (1-2s) f
1Frequency component, thus make detection (1-2s) f
1Whether frequency component exists the very difficulty that becomes, poor accuracy.In addition when motor when dragging fluctuating load, remove in its stator current and contain f
1Outside the frequency component, also comprise with f
1Be the various modulation products of centre frequency, and they might be explained (1-2s) f mistakenly
1Frequency component, this just is difficult to judge whether really to have taken place rotor bar breaking fault, causes erroneous judgement.Two, the method that the situation of rotor broken bar is detected in the assembling process of motor, this method is before the motor assembling or in the process rotor broken bar is detected, when the motor assembling is finished, in the process of its operation, just can not detect it, can only dismantle motor under motor generation abnormal conditions detects, and when the abnormal conditions of motor can be observed out, it has been the comparison serious situation, this way is not suitable for maintenance and the inspection daily to motor, can bring the certain economic loss yet and have potential safety hazard.
Summary of the invention
For solve the poor accuracy that exists in the existing cage-type induction machine rotor strip-broken failure detecting method, erroneous judgement to occur easily disconnected and can not detect at any time and problems of monitoring in real time motor, the present invention proposes a kind of cage-type induction machine of magnetic test coil and detection method of rotor broken bar thereof of having.
The cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil, it comprises casing, stator, it also comprises magnetic test coil, and magnetic test coil is the single turn full-pitched coil that the air gap place embeds that closes at the stator slot of a pair of utmost point of described motor, and the two ends of described magnetic test coil are reserved in outside the stator.
The detection method of rotor broken bar that has the cage-type induction machine of magnetic test coil is:
Step 1, give the detected cage-type induction machine installation load that has magnetic test coil, starter motor operation then;
Step 2, gather the induced potential waveform signal at magnetic test coil 11 two ends of the detected cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil;
The waveform signal of step 3, induced potential that step 2 is collected carries out harmonic analysis, and obtains the curve of each harmonic of the air gap flux density of detected motor according to the close relation of induced potential and magnetic;
Step 4, observe the curve of the each harmonic of the air gap flux density that step 3 obtains, when the amplitude of described each harmonic obviously increases and becomes periodically pulsing, then have disconnected bar to exist in the detected motor of decidable.
The principle of the method for the disconnected bar of detection of the present invention is: after rotor bar breaking fault was appearring in the cage-type induction machine, the most direct influence was exactly the distortion of field, and air-gap field distributes asymmetric, and the amplitude of the high order space harmonics that causes in the field waveform being contained increases.The present invention adopts the stator slot at motor to face air gap place fixed test coil and monitors air-gap field and change, variation waveform by induced potential in the search coil in the signal acquisition motor operation course of gathering described magnetic test coil two ends, again described variation waveform is carried out harmonic analysis, the rule that the each harmonic composition that obtains cage induction motor air gap flux density when having or not the broken bar fault operation according to the close relational expression of induced potential and magnetic changes with the evolution degree of fault, the amplitude increase and the periodically pulsing that are each harmonic behind the bar failure are more obvious, the rule that this phenomenon increases along with the increase of fracture sliver radical, by observe actual acquisition to and handle after the situation of the close each harmonic variation of magnetic judge whether cage type formula motor sliver exists fracture defect.
The cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil of the present invention, just in the stator of original motor, embed a circle magnetic test coil, technology is simple, increase the cost of motor hardly, just can reach that provide can be at any time or the real-time purpose that the disconnected bar situation of motor is detected or monitors the sampled signal terminal.
Adopt detection method of the present invention that the disconnected bar situation that has the cage-type induction machine of magnetic test coil of the present invention is detected, can need not motor is dismantled, at any time detect, be convenient in the course of work of motor, it be carried out in regular maintenance, the maintenance process detecting disconnected bar situation, can in time pinpoint the problems.
Detection method of the present invention, intuitively accurate, highly sensitive, easy to use.
The present invention can be applied to motor making and maintenance of motor, detection range.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the magnetic test coil position view that has the cage-type induction machine of magnetic test coil; Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 adopt detection method of the present invention, are to be the result that 2 utmost point motors of 1.1kW detect under the situation of nominal load to rated power, and wherein Fig. 2 is air gap flux density third-harmonic component figure, and Fig. 3 is that the air gap flux density quintuple harmonics divides spirogram.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: the described cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil of present embodiment, it comprises casing, stator, it also comprises magnetic test coil 11, magnetic test coil 11 is the single turn full-pitched coils that the air gap place embeds that close at the stator slot of a pair of utmost point of described motor, and the two ends of described magnetic test coil 11 are reserved in outside the casing.
Described magnetic test coil 11 adopts common copper cash.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and the embodiment one described difference that has the cage-type induction machine of magnetic test coil are, it also comprises two binding posts, two binding posts are fixed on the motor housing, and described two binding posts are connected with the two ends of magnetic test coil respectively.
Two binding posts that increase in the present embodiment can make things convenient for magnetic test coil to be connected with external detection equipment.
Embodiment three: the detection method to the rotor broken bar of embodiment one or the two described cage-type induction machines that have a magnetic test coil of present embodiment is:
Step 1, give the detected cage-type induction machine installation load that has magnetic test coil, starter motor operation then;
Step 2, gather the induced potential waveform signal at magnetic test coil 11 two ends of the detected cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil;
The waveform signal of step 3, induced potential that step 2 is collected carries out harmonic analysis, and obtains the curve of each harmonic of the air gap flux density of detected motor according to the close relation of induced potential and magnetic;
Step 4, observe the curve of the each harmonic of the air gap flux density that step 3 obtains, when the amplitude of described each harmonic obviously increases and becomes periodically pulsing, then have disconnected bar to exist in the detected motor of decidable.
In step 1, described load can be a machine operation institute bringing onto load, also can applied load, for example hysteresis brake.
In step 1, the size of described load equals the nominal load of described motor.
When having disconnected bar to exist in the detected motor, in step 1, detected motor institute bringing onto load is big more, it is obvious more that close each harmonic component content of the magnetic that obtains in step 4 and periodically pulsing phenomenon increase, so the size of the load of detected motor is about the nominal load of detected motor in step 1, the easier resolution of testing result.
In step 1, can also obtain the load-carrying size of detected motor by the torque-speed transducer.
Like this, convenient the situation of change of motor load situation is observed, be applicable to that the more disconnected bar situation to the cage-type induction machine of working site detects and monitors.
The pass close at the induced potential described in the step 3 and magnetic is:
Can try to achieve thus:
B in the formula
ImBe first-harmonic or the close amplitude of i subharmonic magnetic, unit is T; E
iBe the effective value of the induced potential of fundamental flux or each the i time facies tract harmonic flux generation, unit is V; D is a frame bore, and unit is m; n
sBe synchronous speed, unit is r/min; L is the effective length of search coil, and unit is m.
When the cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil to the working site breaks the bar detection, realize the device of the disconnected bar detection method of the described cage-type induction machine that has a magnetic test coil of present embodiment, it comprises the record wave analysis instrument that has record ripple and harmonic analysis function simultaneously and carries out the computer that harmonic curve is drawn, the serial signal output of described record wave analysis instrument is connected with the serial signal input of the computer that carries out the harmonic curve drafting, the described computer 22 that carries out the harmonic curve drafting can be according to the data curve plotting that receives.When the record wave analysis instrument that adopts has the output function of demonstration, can omit computer.
What the record wave analysis instrument described in the present embodiment adopted is the ZH-101 portable power unit faults recorder analysis device that Wuhan ZhongYuan HuaDian Science Co., Ltd produces.
In actual detected, the two ends of the magnetic test coil of the detected cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil are connected with two signal input parts of record wave analysis instrument respectively get final product.
In the time need testing motor performance, need to increase load in the said apparatus to the motor of new production or before motor is installed or in the laboratory.Described load can be adopted hysteresis brake.
When using, the moment output that load is connected the detected cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil gets final product.
Can also in checkout gear, increase the torque-speed transducer that has Presentation Function.
When using, the measuring junction that has the torque-speed transducer of Presentation Function is connected with the moment output of detected motor, gather and show torque, the rotary speed information of described detected motor output, can make the operator observe the size and the variation of detected motor output torque and rotating speed, promptly monitor the load-carrying size cases of detected motor at any time.The tangible principle of testing result can be adjusted the specified situation of loading to of detected motor earlier when loading near the nominal load, and then according to the observation to the harmonic analysis result judge whether to exist disconnected bar situation, judged result is more accurate like this.
Claims (7)
1, the cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil, it comprises casing, stator, it is characterized in that it also comprises magnetic test coil (11), magnetic test coil (11) is the single turn full-pitched coil that the air gap place embeds that closes at the stator slot of a pair of utmost point of described motor, and the two ends of described magnetic test coil (11) are reserved in outside the casing.
2, the cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil according to claim 1 is characterized in that described magnetic test coil (11) adopts common copper cash to make.
3, the cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it also comprises two binding posts, and two binding posts are fixed on the motor housing, and described two binding posts are connected with the two ends of magnetic test coil (11) respectively.
4, have the detection method of rotor broken bar of the cage-type induction machine of magnetic test coil, it is characterized in that its concrete steps are:
Step 1, give the detected cage-type induction machine installation load that has magnetic test coil, starter motor operation then;
Step 2, gather the induced potential waveform signal at magnetic test coil (11) two ends of the detected cage-type induction machine that has magnetic test coil;
The waveform signal of step 3, induced potential that step 2 is collected carries out harmonic analysis, and obtains the curve of each harmonic of the air gap flux density of detected motor according to the close relation of induced potential and magnetic;
Step 4, observe the curve of the each harmonic of the air gap flux density that step 3 obtains, when the amplitude of described each harmonic obviously increases and becomes periodically pulsing, then have disconnected bar to exist in the detected motor of decidable.
5, the detection method of the rotor broken bar of the cage-type induction machine that has a magnetic test coil according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in step 1, described load is machine operation time institute's bringing onto load or applied load.
6, the detection method of the rotor broken bar of the cage-type induction machine that has a magnetic test coil according to claim 4 is characterized in that in step 1, the size of described load equals the nominal load of described motor.
7, the detection method of the rotor broken bar of the cage-type induction machine that has a magnetic test coil according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in step 1, can also come the loaded size of observation post by numerical value in the torque-speed display or curve.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2008100643477A CN101262153A (en) | 2008-04-21 | 2008-04-21 | Cage inductive electromotor with detection loop and detection method for its rotor broken bar |
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| CNA2008100643477A CN101262153A (en) | 2008-04-21 | 2008-04-21 | Cage inductive electromotor with detection loop and detection method for its rotor broken bar |
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| CN101262153A true CN101262153A (en) | 2008-09-10 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102033210A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-27 | 田京涛 | Air-gap field detecting device of alternating-current generator and application thereof in state monitoring and control method of alternating-current generator |
| WO2013136098A1 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-19 | Končar - Institut Za Elektrotehniku D.D. | Method for rotor winding damage detection in rotating alternating machines by differential measurement of magnetic field by using two measuring coils |
| CN104765003A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-07-08 | 湘潭大学 | Asynchronous motor rotor bar break fault diagnosis method for engineering machine internet of things |
| CN105676127A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Fault detection method and device for asynchronous motor |
| CN110426555A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-08 | 福州泰全工业有限公司 | A kind of motor harmonic measuring method |
-
2008
- 2008-04-21 CN CNA2008100643477A patent/CN101262153A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102033210A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-27 | 田京涛 | Air-gap field detecting device of alternating-current generator and application thereof in state monitoring and control method of alternating-current generator |
| WO2013136098A1 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-19 | Končar - Institut Za Elektrotehniku D.D. | Method for rotor winding damage detection in rotating alternating machines by differential measurement of magnetic field by using two measuring coils |
| CN104765003A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-07-08 | 湘潭大学 | Asynchronous motor rotor bar break fault diagnosis method for engineering machine internet of things |
| CN105676127A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Fault detection method and device for asynchronous motor |
| CN110426555A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-08 | 福州泰全工业有限公司 | A kind of motor harmonic measuring method |
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Open date: 20080910 |