CN101261312B - Battery safety performance comprehensive tester - Google Patents
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- CN101261312B CN101261312B CN2008100197480A CN200810019748A CN101261312B CN 101261312 B CN101261312 B CN 101261312B CN 2008100197480 A CN2008100197480 A CN 2008100197480A CN 200810019748 A CN200810019748 A CN 200810019748A CN 101261312 B CN101261312 B CN 101261312B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a battery safety performance comprehensive tester, and belongs to the technical field of detection devices. Is characterized in that a battery clamp and an explosion-proof net frame are respectively fixed on a table board, an explosion-proof net is arranged on the explosion-proof net frame, a sample battery is arranged on the battery clamp, and a detection circuit is arranged in a box body; the charging output end of the detection circuit is connected with the input end of the charging circuit through a lead, and the output end of the charging circuit is respectively connected with the short circuit, the input end of the discharging circuit and the battery safety performance test console through leads; the output end of the short circuit is respectively connected with the input end of the actual measurement circuit and the input end of the nominal circuit through leads; the output end of the discharge circuit is connected with the over-discharge protection circuit through a lead; the over-discharge output end is connected with the forced discharge circuit through a lead. The invention can reduce the difference of the test result caused by artificial operation factors in the test process; the accuracy, reliability and safety protection performance of the test can be improved; the operation is convenient and fast, and the data is visual and accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a battery safety performance comprehensive tester, which can be widely used for detecting battery products and belongs to the technical field of detection devices.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have been widely used as reliable energy sources for small power driving devices, and batteries with good performance should have certain performances, such as electrochemical performance, rate characteristics, cyclicity, temperature characteristics, and the like, and should ensure no harm to people and instruments during use and shelf life.
In principle, lithium batteries, zinc-manganese batteries, alkaline zinc-manganese batteries and storage batteries all utilize the potential difference of positive and negative electrode materials in the batteries in electrochemical performance, generate chemical reaction through electrolytes and provide energy for the outside. Once the battery fails to normally discharge electric energy in a design state, resulting in accumulation or abnormal discharge of energy, spontaneous combustion or explosion of the battery may result.
In the existing technology, the eighteenth institute of research of china electronic technology group company applies for a technical patent of utility model named "a lithium ion battery safety test device", and the patent number is: "CN200420056417.1".
The utility model belongs to a lithium ion battery safety test device, including the hydraulic press, fix fixture device, multichannel sample thief and the computer on the hydraulic press, fixture device includes connecting piece, device bottom plate with hydraulic press piston connection, and connecting piece and device bottom plate link together through supporting the slide bar, and its characteristics are: a displacement sensor is installed on the side face of the connecting piece, and two pressure sensors are embedded in the center of the bottom plate of the device. The invention can conveniently adjust and control the pressure; different clamps are convenient to replace, the test universality of different standards is realized, and the test clamp can be universally used for safety tests of lithium ion batteries of various standards. "
For example, the "CH9906-1672-2A" series lithium ion battery formation and capacity-grading automatic detection device is developed and produced by Hongzhou scientific and technological development Limited company.
The device has the following main performance characteristics: the process from constant current charging to constant voltage charging is smoothly switched, and no voltage and current impact exists, so that the battery is not damaged. The advantages are that: during constant-current charging, the constant-voltage control terminal is in a working state, so that the voltage runaway phenomenon caused by poor battery contact is avoided, and the safety is improved; each point is provided with an independent constant current and constant voltage source and an independent charge-discharge loop, so that the voltage-discharge protection circuit is not interfered with each other, has overcurrent, overvoltage and undervoltage protection, and is safe and reliable; the clamp has the advantages of attractive appearance, strong corrosion resistance and convenient use; the clamp is characterized in that a battery clamp and an explosion-proof net frame are respectively fixed on a table board, an explosion-proof net is arranged on the explosion-proof net frame, a sample (battery) is arranged on the battery clamp, and a detection circuit is arranged in a box body; the detection circuit comprises a charging circuit, a short circuit, a discharging circuit, an actual measurement circuit, a nominal circuit, an over-discharge protection circuit and the like; the detection circuit is connected with the battery safety performance test console through a lead;
the maximum height is 80mm, and the device is stepless and adjustable; the polarity of the anode and the cathode can be exchanged, and the battery is suitable for steel-shell batteries and aluminum-shell batteries; the constant current and the constant voltage are controlled by a single chip microcomputer, so that the use is more convenient, and the constant voltage precision is high; the data retention function is provided for sudden power failure or power failure. After the incoming call is recovered, the work can be automatically recovered from the breakpoint; the matched measurement and control software provides abundant data processing and monitoring functions and provides free software upgrading service. "
BTS2006 series detection equipment developed and produced by the company can be used for comprehensive performance tests of secondary single batteries or combined batteries of lithium batteries, polymers, nickel-hydrogen, nickel-cadmium and the like.
The series of detection equipment has the following main performance characteristics: the system also provides a function of simultaneously comparing and analyzing a plurality of batteries, can effectively and safely monitor unstable phenomena such as overcharge, overdischarge, overvoltage, overcurrent, undervoltage, undercurrent and the like, and powerfully ensures the safety of equipment, batteries and personnel. "
From the results of the above domestic and international studies, it can be seen that the lithium ion battery has problems in terms of "thermal stability safety, electrical stability safety" and the like, and a great deal of attention and research has been paid to the lithium ion battery.
Much attention is paid to the universality of lithium ion batteries with different types and shapes and the adaptability to different detection standards in the development and development of detection equipment. Meanwhile, the functions are rich, and the operation is simple and convenient. However, there is no report and research on how to protect the safety of equipment, batteries and personnel during the detection process of safety detection items.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, and provides a battery safety performance comprehensive tester, which integrates detection items of various alkaline storage batteries and primary batteries related to electrical safety performance into a set of equipment in a simple and convenient mode, reduces the difference of test results caused by artificial operation factors in the test process, improves the test accuracy, reliability and safety protection performance, and has convenient and quick operation and visual and accurate data.
The main solution of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention mainly comprises a box body, a table-board, a protective cover and a base, wherein the box body is fixed on the base; is characterized in that a battery clamp and an explosion-proof net frame are respectively fixed on a table board, an explosion-proof net is arranged on the explosion-proof net frame, a sample (battery) is arranged on the battery clamp, and a detection circuit is arranged in a box body; the detection circuit comprises a charging circuit, a short circuit, a discharging circuit, an actual measurement circuit, a nominal circuit, an over-discharge protection circuit and the like; the detection circuit is connected with the battery safety performance test console through a lead; the charging output end is connected with the input end of the charging circuit through a lead, and the output end of the charging circuit is respectively connected with the short circuit, the input end of the discharging circuit and the battery safety performance test console through leads; the output end of the short circuit is respectively connected with the input end of the actual measurement circuit and the input end of the nominal circuit through leads; the output end of the discharge circuit is connected with the over-discharge protection circuit through a lead; the over-discharge output end is connected with the forced discharge circuit through a lead, and the test provides a platform for the battery safety performance test.
The charging circuit is used for testing the abnormal charging condition of the battery to be tested in the abnormal working state.
The short circuit is used for testing the abnormal short circuit condition of the tested battery under the abnormal working state.
The discharge circuit is used for testing the abnormal discharge condition of the tested battery under the abnormal working state.
The actual measurement circuit is used for actually measuring the short-circuit current of the battery to be measured;
the nominal circuit is used for testing the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the tested battery and is connected with the tested battery in series in a closed loop by adopting a variable resistor;
the over-discharge protection circuit is characterized in that under the condition of over-discharge, the electrolyte is decomposed to cause the degradation of the battery characteristics and the reduction of the charging times; the over-discharge phenomenon can be avoided, and the battery protection function is realized;
the over-discharge is to discharge the battery continuously after the capacity of the battery to be tested is discharged;
the forced discharging circuit is used for reversely connecting an external power supply with the two ends of the battery in a series connection mode to carry out forced discharging.
The charging circuit is characterized in that the anode of a battery to be tested is connected with the anode of a stabilized voltage power supply, the cathode of the battery to be tested is connected with a shunt, an alternating current contactor is connected with the shunt through a lead, two ends of the battery to be tested are connected with a voltmeter in parallel, an ammeter is connected with the shunt, the cathode of the battery to be tested is connected with the cathode of the stabilized voltage power supply, the alternating current contactor is connected with a loop, and the battery to be tested starts to be charged.
The over-discharge is realized by connecting the positive end and the negative end of a tested battery with an adjustable resistor, connecting the adjustable resistor with a shunt, connecting a voltmeter to the two ends of the tested battery in parallel, connecting an ammeter with the shunt, connecting an alternating current contactor with a loop, and starting to discharge the tested battery.
The over-discharge protection circuit is characterized in that the positive end and the negative end of a battery are connected with a fixed value resistor, an adjustable resistor is connected with a shunt, two ends of the battery to be tested are connected with a voltmeter in parallel, an ammeter is connected with the shunt, an alternating current contactor is connected with a loop, and the battery to be tested starts to discharge.
The positive electrode of the battery to be tested is connected with the negative electrode of the voltage-stabilized power supply, the negative electrode of the battery to be tested is connected with the adjustable resistor, the other end of the adjustable resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the voltage-stabilized power supply, the adjustable resistor is connected with the current divider, two ends of the battery to be tested are connected with the voltmeter in parallel, the current divider is connected with the ammeter, the used resistor is a variable electronic load, the alternating current contactor is connected with the loop, and the battery to be tested starts to discharge forcibly.
The nominal circuit is characterized in that the positive end and the negative end of a tested battery are connected with an adjustable resistor, the used resistor is the adjustable resistor, the adjustable resistor is connected with a shunt, two ends of the tested battery are connected with a voltmeter in parallel, an ammeter is connected with the shunt, an alternating current contactor is connected with a loop, and the tested battery starts to discharge.
The actual short circuit measurement is that the positive and negative ends of the battery to be measured are directly connected by a lead, the AC contactor is connected with the current divider, a voltmeter is connected in parallel at the two ends of the battery to be measured, the ammeter is connected with the current divider, the AC contactor is connected with the loop, and the battery to be measured starts to discharge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention has simple, compact and reasonable structure; the physical space isolation mode of detection stations and operation control is adopted, so that the personal safety of detection personnel in the operation and observation processes is ensured. Because the safety protection net is additionally arranged outside the detection station, the damage of the battery to detection personnel and peripheral facilities due to explosion and combustion in the test process is prevented. Because the fireproof and insulating measures are taken at the detection station, the occurrence of accidental short circuit and secondary damage after accidents can be prevented.
Due to the adoption of the self-locking emergency stop device, the emergency stop device is convenient for the detection personnel to timely handle the emergency in the test. The detection tool can be used for detecting the nickel system storage battery, the lithium system storage battery and the primary batteries of various chemical systems by selecting different gears and tool jigs. The verification result shows that: the function and each technical index of the invention meet the use requirements. The multifunctional test device has the advantages of complete functions, wide test range, capability of freely adjusting voltage, current, resistance and a test loop, convenience and quickness in operation, visual and accurate data, and leading position in the aspects of safety protection performance, reliability, practicability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control detection circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an over-discharge circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an over-discharge protection circuit of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a forced discharge circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a nominal short circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a measured short circuit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples in the drawings to which:
the invention mainly comprises a protective cover 1, an explosion-proof net frame 2, an explosion-proof net 3, a battery clamp 4, a sample (battery) 5, a box body 6, a table-board 7, a wide-range ammeter 8, a small-range ammeter 9, a voltmeter 10, a small-power resistor 11, a large-power resistor 12, a base 13 and the like.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that a box body 6 is fixed on a base 13, a table top 7 is arranged above the box body 6, and a protective cover 1 is arranged above the table top 7; the battery clamp 4 and the explosion-proof net frame 2 are respectively fixed on the table-board 7, the explosion-proof net 3 is arranged on the explosion-proof net frame 2, and the sample (battery) 5 is arranged on the battery clamp 4. The front surface of the box body 6 is respectively provided with a wide-range ammeter 8, a small-range ammeter 9, a voltmeter 10, a small-power resistor 11 and a large-power resistor 12. A detection circuit is provided in the case 6. The detection circuit comprises a charging circuit, a short circuit, a discharging circuit, an actual measurement circuit, a nominal circuit, an over-discharge protection circuit and the like. The detection circuit is connected with the battery safety performance test console through a lead. The charging output end is connected with the input end of the charging circuit through a lead, and the output end of the charging circuit is respectively connected with the short circuit, the input end of the discharging circuit and the battery safety performance test console through leads; the output end of the short circuit is respectively connected with the input end of the actual measurement circuit and the input end of the nominal circuit through leads; the output end of the discharge circuit is connected with the over-discharge protection circuit through a lead; the over-discharge output end is connected with the forced discharge circuit through a lead, and the test provides a platform for testing the safety performance of the battery. The charging circuit is used for testing the abnormal charging condition of the battery to be tested in the abnormal working state. The short circuit tests the abnormal short circuit condition of the tested battery under the abnormal working state.
The discharge circuit is used for testing the abnormal discharge condition of the tested battery under the abnormal working state. The actual measurement circuit is used for actually measuring the short-circuit current of the battery to be measured;
the nominal circuit is used for testing the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the tested battery, and a variable resistor with the resistance center value of 0-10 omega is connected with the tested battery in series in a closed loop; the over-discharge protection circuit is characterized in that under the condition of over-discharge, the electrolyte is decomposed to cause the degradation of the battery characteristics and the reduction of the charging times; the over-discharge phenomenon can be avoided, and the battery protection function is realized; the over-discharge is to discharge the battery again after the battery capacity is discharged; the forced discharging circuit is used for reversely connecting an external power supply with two terminals of the battery in a series connection mode to carry out forced discharging.
As shown in figure 3, the charging circuit is characterized in that the anode of a battery to be tested is connected with the anode of a stabilized voltage power supply, the cathode of the battery to be tested is connected with a shunt 20A, an alternating current contactor KM7 is connected with the shunt 20A through a lead, a voltmeter A is connected in parallel at two ends of the battery to be tested, an ammeter A is connected with the shunt 20A, the cathode of the battery to be tested is connected with the cathode of the stabilized voltage power supply, a loop is connected through the alternating current contactor KM7, and the battery to be tested starts to be charged.
As shown in figure 4, the over-discharge is realized by connecting the positive end and the negative end of a tested battery with an adjustable resistor (0-10 omega 50W), connecting an adjustable resistor R (0-10 omega 50W) with a current divider 20A, connecting a voltmeter A in parallel at the two ends of the tested battery, connecting an ammeter A with the current divider 20A, and connecting a loop by an alternating current contactor KM4 to start discharging the tested battery.
As shown in fig. 5, the over-discharge protection circuit adopts that the positive end and the negative end of a battery are connected with an adjustable resistor (8.2 Ω 50W), a constant resistor R (8.2 Ω 50W) is connected with a current divider 20A, two ends of a battery to be tested are connected with a voltmeter a in parallel, the ammeter a is connected with the current divider 20A, a KM6 is connected with a loop through an alternating current contactor, and the battery to be tested starts to discharge.
As shown in figure 6, the positive electrode of the tested battery is connected with the negative electrode of the stabilized voltage power supply, the negative electrode of the tested battery is connected with the adjustable resistor R (0-10 omega 50W), the other end of the adjustable resistor R (0-10 omega 50W) is connected with the positive electrode of the stabilized voltage power supply, the adjustable resistor R (0-10 omega 50W) is connected with the current divider 20A, a voltmeter A is connected in parallel with the two ends of the tested battery, the ammeter A is connected with the current divider 20A, the used resistor is a variable electronic load, the alternating current contactor KM5 is connected with a loop, and the tested battery starts to discharge forcibly.
As shown in FIG. 7, the nominal circuit is that the positive end and the negative end of the tested battery are connected with an adjustable resistor, the used resistor is an adjustable resistor R (0.1-9.9 omega 300W), the adjustable resistor R (0.1-9.9 omega 300W) is connected with a current divider 100A, two ends of the tested battery are connected with a voltmeter A in parallel, the ammeter A is connected with the current divider 100A, the alternating current contactor KM1 is connected with a loop, and the tested battery starts to discharge.
As shown in fig. 8, the positive and negative ends of the battery to be measured are directly connected by a lead, the ac contactor KM2 is connected with the shunt 100A, the two ends of the battery to be measured are connected in parallel with the voltmeter a, the ammeter a is connected with the shunt 100A, the ac contactor KM2 is connected with the loop, and the battery to be measured starts to discharge.
In order to visually display the state of the battery to be tested, two ends of the battery to be tested are connected with a voltmeter in parallel, a wide-range ammeter (0-100A) is connected in series in a nominal circuit and a short circuit, and a small-range ammeter is connected in series in other circuits.
The working principle and the working process of the invention are as follows:
the invention simulates the abnormal working state of the battery specified by the standard under various abnormal conditions through charging, discharging and short circuit loops so as to detect the safety performance of the battery.
The invention is easy to operate, easy to observe the test process and result, and easy to verify the equipment by referring to the relevant standards. The specific technical indexes are as follows:
1. the testing requirements of safety items such as short circuit and short circuit protection (at room temperature and high temperature), overcharge and overcharge protection, overdischarge protection, forced discharge, abnormal charge, high-rate charge, low-rate continuous charge and the like required by standards are met;
2. the relevant data required by the standard and the change of the lithium battery to be tested can be recorded in the testing process, so that the reasons and the consequences of combustion and explosion of the lithium battery in the testing process can be further studied;
3. the detection equipment can adjust related test parameters according to the requirements of test standards so as to increase the detection intelligent degree;
4. the detection equipment is required to realize serialization, so that the detection equipment suitable for various requirements can be conveniently produced according to lithium batteries with different specifications and types and special detection requirements;
5. the detection equipment can prevent the human body from being injured under the conditions of combustion and explosion in the detection process, and meanwhile, the convenient termination test can prevent the further damage.
6. The starting point and the falling point of the detection standard of the lithium ion storage battery are established by detecting and analyzing the performance of the lithium ion storage battery under the conditions of pole ends such as overcharge, overdischarge, overvoltage, overcurrent, undervoltage and undercurrent. How to realize the centralization of detection items, the generalization of detection objects, the simplification of detection operation and the standardization of detection steps in a set of equipment is another main problem to be mainly solved by the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A battery safety performance comprehensive tester comprises a protective cover (1), an anti-explosion net frame (2), an anti-explosion net (3), a battery clamp (4), a test sample (5), a box body (6), a table board (7), first to second wide-range ammeters of 100A, first to fourth narrow-range ammeters of 20A, first to sixth ammeters, first to third narrow-power resistors of 50W, a high-power resistor (12) of 300W, a base (13), first to sixth shunts, an alternating current contactor KM1, an alternating current contactor KM2, an alternating current contactor KM4, an alternating current contactor KM5, an alternating current contactor KM6 and an alternating current contactor KM7, wherein the box body (6) is fixed on the base (13), the table board (7) is arranged above the box body (6), and the protective cover (1) is arranged above the table board (7); the method is characterized in that: the battery clamp (4) and the explosion-proof net frame (2) are respectively fixed on the table-board (7), the explosion-proof net (3) is arranged on the explosion-proof net frame (2), the battery clamp (4) is provided with a sample (5), and a detection circuit is arranged in the box body (6); the detection circuit consists of a charging circuit, a short circuit, a discharging circuit, an actual measurement circuit, a nominal circuit, an over-discharge protection circuit, a charging circuit, an over-discharge circuit and a forced discharging circuit; the charging output end is connected with the input end of the charging circuit through a lead, and the output end of the charging circuit is respectively connected with the short circuit, the input end of the discharging circuit and the battery safety performance test controller through leads; the output end of the short circuit is respectively connected with the input end of the actual measurement circuit and the input end of the nominal circuit through leads; the output end of the discharge circuit is connected with the over-discharge protection circuit through a lead; the over-discharge output end is connected with the forced discharge circuit through a lead;
the charging circuit is used for testing the abnormal charging condition of the battery under the abnormal working state;
the short circuit is used for testing the abnormal short circuit condition of the battery under the abnormal working state;
the discharge circuit is used for testing the abnormal discharge condition of the battery under the abnormal working state;
the actual measurement circuit is used for actually measuring the short-circuit current of the battery;
the nominal circuit is the positive pole and the negative pole of the test battery;
the over-discharge protection circuit can avoid the over-discharge phenomenon under the condition of over-discharge, thereby realizing the battery protection function;
the over-discharge is to discharge the battery again after the battery capacity is discharged;
the forced discharging circuit is used for reversely connecting an external power supply with two ends of the battery in a series connection mode to carry out forced discharging;
the charging circuit is characterized in that the anode of a tested battery is connected with the anode of a voltage-stabilized power supply, the cathode of the tested battery is connected with a first current divider of 20A, an alternating current contactor KM7 is connected with the first current divider of 20A through a lead, first voltmeters are connected in parallel at two ends of the tested battery, a first small-range ammeter of 20A is connected with the first current divider of 20A, the cathode of the tested battery is connected with the cathode of the voltage-stabilized power supply, the alternating current contactor KM7 is connected with a loop, and the tested battery starts to be charged;
the over-discharge is realized by connecting the positive end and the negative end of a tested battery with an adjustable 50W first small power resistor, connecting the adjustable 50W first small power resistor with a 20A second shunt, connecting a second voltmeter at the two ends of the tested battery in parallel, connecting the 20A second small-range ammeter with the 20A second shunt, connecting a loop through an alternating current contactor KM4, and starting to discharge the tested battery;
the over-discharge protection circuit is characterized in that the positive end and the negative end of a battery are connected with a constant value 50W second low-power resistor, the constant value 50W second low-power resistor is connected with a 20A third current divider, a third voltmeter is connected in parallel with the two ends of the battery to be tested, the 20A third small-range ammeter is connected with the 20A third current divider, the alternating current contactor KM6 is connected with a loop, and the battery to be tested starts to discharge;
the forced discharge circuit is characterized in that the anode of a tested battery is connected with the cathode of a stabilized voltage power supply, the cathode of the tested battery is connected with an adjustable 50W third low-power resistor, the other end of the adjustable 50W third low-power resistor is connected with the anode of the stabilized voltage power supply, the adjustable 50W third low-power resistor is connected with a 20A fourth shunt, a fourth voltmeter is connected in parallel with two ends of the tested battery, the 20A fourth low-range ammeter is connected with the 20A fourth shunt, the used resistor is a variable electronic load, an alternating current contactor KM5 is connected with a loop, and the tested battery starts forced discharge;
the nominal circuit is characterized in that the positive end and the negative end of a tested battery are connected with an adjustable 300W high-power resistor, the used resistor is the adjustable 300W high-power resistor, the adjustable 300W high-power resistor is connected with a 100A fifth current divider, the two ends of the tested battery are connected with a fifth voltmeter in parallel, the 100A first wide-range ammeter is connected with the 100A fifth current divider, the AC contactor KM1 is connected with a loop, and the tested battery starts to discharge;
the positive end and the negative end of the battery to be measured are directly connected through a lead, the alternating current contactor KM2 is connected with the sixth current divider of 100A, the sixth voltmeter is connected in parallel with the two ends of the battery to be measured, the second wide-range ammeter of 100A is connected with the sixth current divider of 100A, the alternating current contactor KM2 is connected with a loop, and the battery to be measured starts to discharge.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100197480A CN101261312B (en) | 2008-03-14 | 2008-03-14 | Battery safety performance comprehensive tester |
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| CN2008100197480A CN101261312B (en) | 2008-03-14 | 2008-03-14 | Battery safety performance comprehensive tester |
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| CN101261312B true CN101261312B (en) | 2010-06-09 |
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|---|---|
| CN101261312A (en) | 2008-09-10 |
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