CN101257221A - 光伏电池-dc/dc升压转换充电的方法 - Google Patents

光伏电池-dc/dc升压转换充电的方法 Download PDF

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CN101257221A
CN101257221A CNA200710079555XA CN200710079555A CN101257221A CN 101257221 A CN101257221 A CN 101257221A CN A200710079555X A CNA200710079555X A CN A200710079555XA CN 200710079555 A CN200710079555 A CN 200710079555A CN 101257221 A CN101257221 A CN 101257221A
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张征宇
詹昌寿
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HENGJIWEIYE INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd BEIJING
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Abstract

本发明涉及光伏电池－DC/DC升压转换充电方法，属于电池技术领域。本发明方法包括：1)通过电压敏感器检测便携式设备蓄电池的电压，当其低于满电量电压时，电压敏感器使能DC/DC升压转换器，启动DC/DC转换，使电量从光伏电池流向锂电池充电；2)当便携式设备蓄电池处于满电量状态，蓄电池不需再充电，电压敏感器禁能DC/DC升压转换器，禁止DC/DC转换，从而保护便携式设备蓄电池，防止过充现象。本发明实现简单，反应时间短，效率高，过压保护与防逆流保护。

Description

光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电的方法
技术领域
本发明属于电池技术领域，特别涉及光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电的方法，光伏电池通过高效的DC/DC转换器稳压充电，实现在多种光强环境下可供给便携式设备供电。
背景技术
在现在太阳能电池应用中，太阳能电池主要是以多个太阳能电芯串联组成，太阳能电池的发电原理是通过光照，太阳能电芯(pn结)发生反应，产生电流。在光伏电池作为便携式设备充电源方面，光照强度有可能会变化很大，太阳能电池输出电压也会跟随变得不稳定，传统的方法在这种情况下，只能在强光下才以充电进去。
解决上述问题，有效的方法是通过高效的DC/DC转换器保证稳压输出。现有的DC/DC转换器，输入电压范围宽，反应时间短，效率高，在较大电流时，转换效率高达90％。
发明内容
本发明的目的是利用高效的DC/DC转换器得到稳定的输出电压，从而在多种光强环境下也可以对太阳能电池充电，实现在应用层高效利用光能。
为解决以上所述的充电电压不稳问题，本发明提供了光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，包括：
光伏电池，由N(N≥1)个光伏电芯串联组成；
DC/DC升压转换电路，由高效的DC/DC升压转换器与附加电路组成，实现光伏电池的能量高效地搬至便携式设备蓄电池中；
便携式设备蓄电池，用于储蓄光电池经DC/DC升压转换电路出来的能量，和用于便携式设备的能量供应源。
上述的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，所述的附加电路包括电压补偿电路，此电压补偿电路主要是应用于对DC/DC升压转换器输出电压补偿，因为DC/DC升压转换器是通过输出电压反馈来控制的，而蓄电池是一个非线性器件，故需电压补偿电路在此实现对蓄电池输出电压补偿。
上述的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，所述的电压补偿电路由二极管与电阻组成，能有效地保护便携式设备的蓄电池过充和向光伏电压产生电流逆流。
上述的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，所述的附加电路包括电压敏感器，电压敏感器主要检测蓄电池的输出电压，当蓄电池的输出电压低于蓄电池满电量电压(优先选取锂电池为4.21V)时，使能DC/DC升压转换器，否则禁能DC/DC升压转换器。
上述的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，所述的电压敏感器为电压检测器。
上述的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，其实现过程为：
1)通过电压敏感器检测便携式设备蓄电池的电压，当低于便携式设备蓄电池的满电量电压时，便携式设备蓄电池处于电量未满状态，电压敏感器使能DC/DC升压转换器，启动DC/DC转换，使电量从光伏电池流向锂电池充电；
2)当便携式设备蓄电池的电压高于或等于便携式设备蓄电池满电量电压时，便携式设备蓄电池处于满电量状态，蓄电池不需再充电，电压敏感器禁能DC/DC升压转换器，禁止DC/DC转换，从而保护便携式设备蓄电池，防止过充现象。
本发明的特点：
本发明是针对高效利用光能要求而提出了一种光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，此方法利用DC/DC升压转换电路输入范围大、反应时间短、低电流转换效率高、输出稳压等特点，实现了不同光照环境中对光伏电池的充电。应用此发明，提供了在应用层高效利用光能。本发明的特点有实现简单、自适应能力强、转换效率高、能有效保护蓄电池过充。
附图说明
图1为示出本发明的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法的一例原理示意图。
图2为示出本发明的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法的一例光伏电池内部联接图。
图3为示出本发明的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法的一例DC/DC升压(Step-Down)转换电路示意图。
图4为示出本发明的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法的一例电压补偿电路示意图。
图5为示出本发明的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法的一例电压敏感器示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的具体实施例进行详细描述。
本实施例所述的对便携式设备进行充电的装置包括：光伏电池、DC/DC升压转换器、电压补偿电路、电压敏感器和便携式设备蓄电池，如图1所示。
光伏电池(也称为“光电池”)，由N(N≥1)个光伏电芯组成。在本实施例中采用9个大面积光伏电芯串联联接，如图2所示，标准1光强下要输出4.5V。
DC/DC升压转换电路，由高效DC/DC升压转换器与附加电路组成，输出为稳压。本实例采用Torex的高效充电泵(charge pump)升压转换器XC9802B463DR，输入电压范围从2.3V到4.5V，输出电压4.6V，如图3所示。
上述的附加电路包括电压补偿电路和电压敏感器等部件。
电压补偿电路，此电压主要是应用于对DC/DC升压转换器输出电压补偿，因为DC/DC升压 转换电路是通过输出电压反馈来控制的，而蓄电池是一个非线性器件，故需电压补偿电路在此实现对蓄电池输出电压补偿。本实例采用二极管与电阻组成，如图4所示。
电压敏感器，主要是检测蓄电池的输出电压，当蓄电池的输出电压低于蓄电池满电量时电压(优先选取锂电池为4.21V)时，使能(Enable)DC/DC升压 转换器，否则禁能(Disable)DC/DC升压转换器。本实例采用TOIREX公司的XC61系列低功耗电压检测器，如图5所示。
蓄电池，便携式设备的蓄电池，用于储蓄光电池经DC/DC升压转换出来的能量，和用于便携式设备的能量供应源。本实施例中，采用1000mAh的锂电池。
在本实施例中，光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其过程如下所述：
第一步通过电压敏感器检测锂电池电压，当其低于4.21V时，此时锂电池处于电量不满状态，电压敏感器的OUT端输出为高，使能(Enable)DC/DC升压转换器，启动DC/DC转换，使电量从光伏电池流向锂电池充电。
第二步当锂电池输出电压高于或等于4.21V时，此时锂电池处于满电量状态，锂电池不需再充电，电压敏感器的OUT端输出为低，禁能(Disable)DC/DC升压转换器，禁止DC/DC转换，从而保护锂电池，防止过充现象。
此发明实例实现简单，在强光下，光伏电池有较高的输出电压与电流，此光伏DC/DC升压充电器效率达到90％；在弱光环境，充电效率可达70％。电压补偿电路的二极管可防止电流逆流。
本发明所述的采用光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，通过电压敏感器控制DC/DC升压转换器的使能与禁能，实现当蓄电池在满电量时禁止充电，防止蓄电池过充现象；反之，在电池电量未满时，自动使能DC/DC升压转换器，实施对锂电池充电。另外，使用电压补偿电路，对DC/DC升压电路输出的电压补偿，使系统处于稳定状态。
上面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例进行了详细说明，但本发明并不限制于上述实施例，在不脱离本申请的权利要求的精神和范围情况下，本领域的技术人员可做出各种修改或改型。

Claims (6)

1. 光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，包括：
光伏电池，由N(N≥1)个光伏电芯串联组成；
DC/DC升压转换电路，由高效的DC/DC升压转换器与附加电路组成，实现光伏电池的能量高效地搬至便携式设备蓄电池中；
便携式设备蓄电池，用于储蓄光电池经DC/DC升压转换电路出来的能量，和用于便携式设备的能量供应源。
2. 如权利要求1所述的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，所述的附加电路包括电压补偿电路，此电压补偿电路主要是应用于对DC/DC升压转换器输出电压补偿，因为DC/DC升压转换器是通过输出电压反馈来控制的，而蓄电池是一个非线性器件，故需电压补偿电路在此实现对蓄电池输出电压补偿。
3. 如权利要求2所述的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，所述的电压补偿电路由二极管与电阻组成，能有效地保护便携式设备的蓄电池过充和向光伏电压产生电流逆流。
4. 如权利要求1所述的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，所述的附加电路包括电压敏感器，电压敏感器主要检测蓄电池的输出电压，当蓄电池的输出电压低于蓄电池满电量电压(优先选取锂电池为4.21V)时，使能DC/DC升压转换器，否则禁能DC/DC升压转换器。
5. 如权利要求4所述的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，所述的电压敏感器为电压检测器。
6. 如权利要求1所述的光伏电池-DC/DC升压转换充电方法，其特征在于，其实现过程为：
1)通过电压敏感器检测便携式设备蓄电池的电压，当低于便携式设备蓄电池的满电量电压时，便携式设备蓄电池处于电量未满状态，电压敏感器使能DC/DC升压转换器，启动DC/DC转换，使电量从光伏电池流向锂电池充电；
2)当便携式设备蓄电池的电压高于或等于便携式设备蓄电池满电量电压时，便携式设备蓄电池处于满电量状态，蓄电池不需再充电，电压敏感器禁能DC/DC升压转换器，禁止DC/DC转换，从而保护便携式设备蓄电池，防止过充现象。
CNA200710079555XA 2007-02-28 2007-02-28 光伏电池-dc/dc升压转换充电的方法 Pending CN101257221A (zh)

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