CN101252427A - Switch method of main-standby routers connecting with main-standby interfaces of medium gateways - Google Patents
Switch method of main-standby routers connecting with main-standby interfaces of medium gateways Download PDFInfo
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- CN101252427A CN101252427A CNA2008100654575A CN200810065457A CN101252427A CN 101252427 A CN101252427 A CN 101252427A CN A2008100654575 A CNA2008100654575 A CN A2008100654575A CN 200810065457 A CN200810065457 A CN 200810065457A CN 101252427 A CN101252427 A CN 101252427A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a switching method of the main and spare routers connected with the main and spare interfaces of a media gateway, including that (1) each router creates a Supervlan port, configures a Subvlan port and adds the Subvlan port to the Supervlan port; (2) the routers are connected with each other through the Subvlan ports of the Supervlan ports; each router is connected with the main and spare interfaces of the media gateway through another Subvlan port; (3) the Supervlan starts the VRRP function; the routers select the main router through exchanging the VRRP messages and tracks the link state between the current main router and the media gateway; (4) if the tracked link is down, the media gateway switches the main and spare interfaces automatically; the routers switch the main and spare interfaces through exchanging the VRRP messages. The switching method of the main and spare routers connected with the main and spare interfaces of a media gateway can realize the communication of the media gateway and the main and spare routers which operate VRRP and the switching of the main and spare routers.
Description
Technical field
The planned network of the present invention communications field relates in particular to a kind of changing method of the active and standby router that links to each other with the active and standby interface of media gateway.
Background technology
Along with networks development, people are also more and more higher to the requirement of network reliability.People wish and can keep communicating by letter with the network in the external world constantly.The static configuration default gateway should be simple and direct, the most most effective routing mode.Yet this method but can cause the fault of single-point, and the disappearance of default router will cause catastrophic incident, because this will cause all end hosts and extraneous isolation, they can not detect the utilizable feasible path of any possibility.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem that occurs, Virtual Router Redundacy Protocol (VRRP) just arises at the historic moment.VRRP is a kind of protocol for error tolerance, and it guarantees can be substituted by another router timely when the next hop router of main frame lost efficacy, thus continuity of keeping in communication and reliability.
See also Fig. 1, the operation principle of VRRP: one group of router that participates in VRRP, link to each other by switch, elect the responsibility that a virtual router is born static gateway according to priority level.Virtual router has the IP address of oneself and unique virtual mac address, and the user that switch is hung down need be the IP address of this virtual router with gateway configuration only, need not the IP address of knowing that router is real.The router that priority level is high is elected as the primary route device, and the primary route device replaces virtual router to carry out the gateway responsibility, is responsible for the Arp response and transmits the IP packet.The primary route device periodically sends the VRRP notification packet, if the primary route device breaks down, causes standby router to can not receive VRRP announcement back at the appointed time at interval and starts new one and take turns the VRRP election, re-elects the primary route device.VRRP support uplink following function in addition, if the tracked Link State DOWN of primary route device, then the priority level of primary route device is lowered the election of carrying out the primary route device again.
From the operation principle of VRRP as can be seen, a port that participates in the VRRP router should carry out the mutual of VRRP message with other router, simultaneously can hang main frame down again communicates, so the port of router and main frame must all be connected on the switch, therefore switch device is essential for VRRP uses.
But, there is a kind of like this application at present: the media gateway device that possesses the active/standby mode function, main directly be connected with leading respectively with, standby router with media interface and standby media interface, the default situations down-off is transmitted with media interface by the master of media gateway, fall with the link DOWN between media interface and the router when main, flow can automatically switch and transmit by standby media interface.If the active and standby media interface of media gateway device links to each other with couple in router by switch, can realize this demand by VRRP, but under this this networking demand that does not have a switch, this moment, VRRP was also just powerless.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the method that a kind of active and standby router that does not link to each other with the active and standby interface of media gateway by switch operation VRRP realization switches.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of changing method of the active and standby router that links to each other with the active and standby interface of media gateway may further comprise the steps:
(1) each router is created virtual LAN aggregation Supervlan interface respectively, disposes fictitious plan local area network (LAN) Subvlan interface, and described Subvlan interface is added the Supervlan interface;
(2) the Subvlan interface by the Supervlan interface connects between the described router, and each router is connected with media interface, standby media interface with the main of media gateway by another Subvlan interface of Supervlan interface respectively;
(3) the Supervlan interface of described each router is opened Virtual Router Redundacy Protocol VRRP function, then between the router by Subvlan interactive interfacing VRRP message to elect primary and backup router, open the Link State following function of VRRP simultaneously the Link State between current primary route device and the media gateway followed the tracks of;
(4) if the link Down between current primary route device and the media gateway, the media gateway primary and backup media interface that automaticallyes switch then, simultaneously described VRRP Link State following function comes into force, each router by Subvlan interactive interfacing VRRP message to carry out the switching of primary and backup router.
Wherein, also comprise the initialization setting that each router and media gateway are carried out before the primary and backup router in election in the described step (3):
1. media gateway is identical IP address and the gateway address of its primary and backup media interface configuration;
2. be the Supervlan interface configuration IP address and the VRRP priority of each router, wherein the highest with the VRRP priority of leading the router that links to each other with media interface;
3. the IP address setting of VRRP virtual router is the gateway address of media gateway configuration;
4. the Supervlan interface of each router is opened Arp-broadcast (address resolution protocol broadcasting) function.
Wherein, the electoral machinery of primary route device is in the described step (3):
(i) whether the VRRP priority of judging a router is 255, if then enter step (v), otherwise enter next step;
(ii) start the expired timer of Master, and the state of described router is set to stand-by state;
Judge (iii) whether described router received the VRRP notification packet before the expired timer of Master expires, if do not have, then enter step (v), otherwise enter next step;
Whether whether the priority of (iv) judging announcement side is higher than this router or announcement side is can not preempt-mode, if not, then enter step (v), otherwise, reset the expired timer of Master, continue to keep the stand-by state of this router, withdraw from this flow process afterwards;
(v) the Supervlan interface of described router sends the VRRP notification packet to its all Subvlan interfaces;
(vi) open as if the Arp-broadcast function of described Supervlan interface, then send the Arp request and whether have address conflict with inquiry VRRP virtual router ip address to its all Subvlan interfaces, if there is not conflict, then the state of this router is switched to and mainly use state, device IP address of host route and Arp clauses and subclauses add virtual route.
Wherein, the changing method of described step (4) further comprises:
For current primary route device:
A, reduce its VRRP priority, and send VRRP notification packets to all Subvlan interfaces of Supervlan interface;
B, if receive the VRRP notification packet higher than this router VRRP priority from arbitrary Subvlan interface, then stop to send the VRRP notification packet, and switch to stand-by state, the main frame route and the Arp clauses and subclauses of deletion virtual ip address to the Subvlan interface;
For current standby router:
A, will give Supervlan interface from the VRRP notification packet that the Subvlan interface receives, the VRRP priority that identifies announcement side is lower than this router;
B, treat that the expired timer of Master crosses after date and send the VRRP notification packet to all Subvlan interfaces;
C, if the Supervlan interface opened the Arp-broadcast function, then send the Arp request and whether have address conflict with inquiry VRRP virtual router ip address to all Subvlan interfaces, if there is not conflict, then this router switches to the main state of using, the main frame route and the Arp clauses and subclauses of adding virtual ip address.
Wherein, in the described method, after electing primary and backup router, media gateway is come converting flow by current primary route device, and method is:
(1) media gateway sends the Arp request by the Subvlan interface to current router, and this Subvlan interface is handled giving the Supervlan interface on it;
(2) judge whether described Supervlan interface enables the VRRP function, if not enabled, described router withdraws from this flow process after carrying out the Arp agent functionality, otherwise enters next step;
(3) judge whether described router is the primary route device, if not, then enter step (four), otherwise enter step (five);
(4) judge whether the purpose IP address in the described Arp request is the VRRP virtual router ip address, if then do not process and withdraw from, otherwise described router withdraws from this flow process after carrying out the Arp agent functionality;
(5) the Arp request of described router response media gateway is given the Supervlan interface then and is handled on the IP packet of the media gateway that the Subvlan interface is received, if described IP packet is legal, then searches route it is transmitted.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention by the characteristic of Supervlan promptly Supervlan interface can with direct-connected the communicating of equipment under a plurality of Subvlan interfaces, can not realize media gateway and active and standby the communicating by letter and active and standby switching of moving VRRP with router with router by switch, reduce cost, enlarged benefits of operators.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the typical case of VRRP uses the networking schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 realizes the application networking schematic diagram that the active and standby router of media gateway device switches by Supervlan interface operation VRRP among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the basic flow sheet of electing the primary route device among the present invention by Supervlan interface operation VRRP;
Fig. 4 be among the present invention after media gateway device main falls with the link Down between interface and the router, VRRP re-elects the basic flow sheet of primary route device;
Fig. 5 is by the basic flow sheet of primary route device converting flow among the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Core concept of the present invention is: by Supervlan (Vlan Aggregation, VLAN aggregation, be virtual LAN aggregation) characteristic, promptly Supervlan interface can with direct-connected the communicating of equipment under a plurality of Subvlan (fictitious plan local area network (LAN)) interface, 2 routers of operation VRRP are continuous by one of them Subvlan interface of Supervlan, by the Subvlan interface, mutual VRRP message is led the election of usefulness, standby router between the Supervlan interface of 2 routers.Between router and the media gateway device also the another one Subvlan interface by this Supervlan interface link to each other, media gateway device communicates by Subvlan and router Supervlan.Enable the up link following function of VRRP then, follow the tracks of the Subvlan interface link state that links to each other with media device, the master who carries out VRRP uses, the switching of standby router.
See also Fig. 2, this figure is depicted as the present invention and realizes the application networking schematic diagram that the active and standby router of media gateway switches by Supervlan interface operation VRRP.Wherein, directly link to each other by ether interface INT_B with between media interface and standby media interface and the router by the main of media gateway 1, pass through switch, it is continuous to pass through ether interface INT_A between router-A and the router B.The active and standby of media gateway 1 disposes identical IP address and identical gateway with media interface, the default situations down-off is transmitted with media interface from main, standby media interface is unavailable, and requiring 2 routers so this moment will will be the primary route device with the router election that media interface links to each other with the media gateway master by Supervlan interface operation VRRP.
At first introduce necessary environmental structure and configuration in conjunction with Fig. 2:
1) will link to each other by ether interface INT_A between router-A and the router B.
2) create the Supervlan interface on the router-A, configuration of IP address is configured to INT_A and INT_B the Subvlan interface and it is joined Supervlan, and Supervlan opens the Arp-broadcast function.
3) to enable the VRRP function and priority is set be Priority_A to the Supervlan interface of router-A, the IP of VRRP virtual router is with the gateway address that disposes on the media gateway, enable VRRP link trace function, follow the tracks of the protocol status of interface INT_B, if INT_B agreement Down, then the VRRP priority of router-A reduces Priority_X.
4) router B goes up and creates the Supervlan interface, and the configuration legal IP address is configured to INT_A and INT_B the Subvlan interface and will rises join Supervlan, and Supervlan opens the Arp-broadcast function.
5) to enable the VRRP function and priority is set be Priority_B to the Supervlan interface of router B, guarantees Priority_A＞Priority_B and (Priority_A-Priority_X)＜Priority_B.
After configuration was finished, the VRRP function of Supervlan interface had been about to begin election primary route device, described the election process of primary route device in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 3:
301, whether the VRRP priority of judging the Supervlan interface configuration is 255, and promptly whether the IP address of Supervlan interface is identical with VRRP configuration virtual master IP.If the VRRP priority of Supervlan interface configuration is not 255, then enter step 302, otherwise enter step 306, switch to the preparation of Master state.
302, start the expired timer of Master, and the VRRP state of this Supervlan interface is changed to Backup.
303, the message up sending that the Subvlan interface is received handles for the Supervlan interface, and the type of message that affirmation receives judges whether to receive the VRRP notification packet before the Master timer expires.If there was not the VRRP notification packet that receives before the Master timer expires, execution in step 306 switches to the preparation of Master state; Otherwise enter step 304.
304, whether be can not preempt-mode to the priority of judging announcement side if whether being higher than local terminal or announcement side, if then enter step 305, otherwise enter step 306.
305, reset the expired timer of Master, continue to keep the Backup state of local terminal constant, withdraw from this flow process afterwards, promptly this router is as standby router.
306, Supervlan interface traversal Subvlan interface sends the VRRP notification packet to all Subvlan interfaces.
307, whether the Arp-broadcast function of judging the Supervlan interface opens, if open, then enters step 308, otherwise process ends.
308, travel through all Subvlan interfaces, send the Arp request to all Subvlan interfaces, whether inquiry exists the possibility of conflicting with virtual router ip address, if do not exist, then enters step 309.
309, start the announcement timer, the VRRP state of this Supervlan interface is switched to the Master state, add virtual route device IP address of host route and arp entry are about to this router election primary route device.
It more than is exactly the process that the Supervlan interface starts the election of VRRP primary route device.
When the link DOWN between media gateway master usefulness media interface and the primary route device, the standby media interface of media gateway device switches to the main interface of using at once, VRRP between 2 routers is active and standby also will to be switched with router, is elaborated below in conjunction with Fig. 4.
Comprise respectively among Fig. 4 that current primary route device after the tracked link Down switches to the flow process of Backup and current standby router by Master and switches to the flow process of Master by Backup, these 2 flow processs have the relation of close correspondence.
401, after the link Down between the main interface of current primary route device and media gateway, for current primary route device, one of them Subvlan interface Down of Supervlan just.And, having only the Subvlan interface that has an effective Up for the Supervlan interface, all states and the function of this Supervlan interface are all normal, so the VRRP function of Supervlan interface is not affected.After the link Down, current core gateway reduces the priority level of oneself, travel through effective Subvlan interface and send the VRRP notification packet to all Subvlan interfaces, and the priority in the VRRP notification packet is lowered and is lower than the priority of opposite end.For current standby router, will receive a VRRP notification packet that the own priority level of ratio is low by the Subvlan interface, give its Supervlan interface and handle.
402, after current standby router receives the own low VRRP notification packet of priority level ratio, wait for that the expired timer of Master expires, Supervlan interface traversal Subvlan interface sends the VRRP notification packet to all Subvlan interfaces then.And for current primary route device, the Supervlan interface will receive a VRRP message that the own priority level of ratio is high by the Subvlan interface.
403, current primary route device receives after the high VRRP message of own priority level of ratio, and the Supervlan interface stops to send the VRRP notification packet, and state switches to Backup by Master, and the main frame route and the Arp clauses and subclauses of deletion virtual ip address.If the Supervlan interface of current standby router has been opened the Arp-broadcast function, then travel through the Subvlan interface and judge to all Subvlan interfaces transmission Arp requests whether virtual router ip address exists address conflict, if not conflict, then state switches to Master by Backup, adds the main frame route and the Arp clauses and subclauses of virtual ip address.
It more than is exactly the process of switching by the VRRP active and standby router that the Supervlan interface is realized.
Illustrate in conjunction with Fig. 5 VRRP primary route device is how to pass through Supervlan interface converting flow at last.
501, media gateway sends an Arp request by main with media interface, the Mac of request gateway IP, i.e. and the Mac of VRRP virtual router IP, the Subvlan interface of primary route device will be given the Supervlan interface after receiving this Arp request on it.
502～503, after the Supervlan interface receives the Arp request, can not handle according to the normal flow of Supervlan interface.The normal process flow process of Supervlan interface is to receive Arp request back execution Arp agent functionality.Need in the present invention to improve, judge at first whether this Supervlan interface enables VRRP, if not enabled then enters step 507; Otherwise judge whether current router is the primary route device, if then directly request responds to Arp, otherwise enters step 508.
504～506, the Supervlan interface has received the flow that media gateway sends over by the Subvlan interface, carries out the validity checkings such as purpose Mac of packet, searches route according to the purpose IP in the flow then and transmits, and finishes afterwards.
507, carry out the Arp agent functionality, finish afterwards.
508, judge whether the purpose IP in the Arp request is virtual router IP, if not then carrying out the Arp agent functionality, otherwise do not do any response.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of changing method of the active and standby router that links to each other with the active and standby interface of media gateway is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) each router is created virtual LAN aggregation Supervlan interface respectively, disposes fictitious plan local area network (LAN) Subvlan interface, and described Subvlan interface is added the Supervlan interface;
(2) the Subvlan interface by the Supervlan interface connects between the described router, and each router is connected with media interface, standby media interface with the main of media gateway by another Subvlan interface of Supervlan interface respectively;
(3) the Supervlan interface of described each router is opened Virtual Router Redundacy Protocol VRRP function, then between the router by Subvlan interactive interfacing VRRP message to elect primary and backup router, the Link State following function that starts VRRP is simultaneously followed the tracks of the Link State between current primary route device and the media gateway;
(4) if the link Down between current primary route device and the media gateway, the media gateway primary and backup media interface that automaticallyes switch then, simultaneously the Link State following function of described VRRP comes into force, each router by Subvlan interactive interfacing VRRP message to carry out the switching of primary and backup router.
2, the changing method of the active and standby router that links to each other with the active and standby interface of media gateway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the initialization setting that each router and media gateway are carried out before the primary and backup router in election in the described step (3):
1. media gateway is identical IP address and the gateway address of its primary and backup media interface configuration;
2. be the Supervlan interface configuration IP address and the VRRP priority of each router, wherein the highest with the VRRP priority of leading the router that links to each other with media interface;
3. the IP address setting of VRRP virtual router is the gateway address of media gateway configuration;
4. the Supervlan interface of each router is opened the ARP broadcast capability.
3, as the changing method of the active and standby router that links to each other with the active and standby interface of media gateway as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that the electoral machinery of primary route device is in the described step (3):
(i) whether the VRRP priority of judging a router is 255, if then enter step (v), otherwise enter next step;
(ii) start the expired timer of Master, and the state of described router is set to stand-by state;
Judge (iii) whether described router received the VRRP notification packet before the expired timer of Master expires, if do not have, then enter step (v), otherwise enter next step;
Whether whether the priority of (iv) judging announcement side is higher than this router or announcement side is can not preempt-mode, if not, then enter step (v), otherwise, reset the expired timer of Master, continue to keep the stand-by state of this router, withdraw from this flow process afterwards;
(v) the Supervlan interface of described router sends the VRRP notification packet to its all Subvlan interfaces;
(vi) open as if the ARP broadcast capability of described Supervlan interface, then send the Arp request and whether have address conflict with inquiry VRRP virtual router ip address to its all Subvlan interfaces, if there is not conflict, then the state of this router is switched to and mainly use state, device IP address of host route and Arp clauses and subclauses add virtual route.
4, as the changing method of the active and standby router that links to each other with the active and standby interface of media gateway as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that the changing method of described step (4) further comprises:
For current primary route device:
A, reduce its VRRP priority, and send VRRP notification packets to all Subvlan interfaces of Supervlan interface;
B, if receive the VRRP notification packet higher than this router VRRP priority from arbitrary Subvlan interface, then stop to send the VRRP notification packet, and switch to stand-by state, the main frame route and the Arp clauses and subclauses of deletion virtual ip address to the Subvlan interface;
For current standby router:
A, will give Supervlan interface from the VRRP notification packet that the Subvlan interface receives, the VRRP priority that identifies announcement side is lower than this router;
B, treat that the expired timer of Master crosses after date and send the VRRP notification packet to all Subvlan interfaces;
C, if the Supervlan interface opened the Arp-broadcast function, then send the Arp request and whether have address conflict with inquiry VRRP virtual router ip address to all Subvlan interfaces, if there is not conflict, then this router switches to the main state of using, the main frame route and the Arp clauses and subclauses of adding virtual ip address.
5, the changing method of the active and standby router that links to each other with the active and standby interface of media gateway according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described method, after electing primary and backup router, media gateway is come converting flow by current primary route device, and method is:
(1) media gateway sends the Arp request by the Subvlan interface to current router, and this Subvlan interface is handled giving the Supervlan interface on it;
(2) judge whether described Supervlan interface enables the VRRP function, if not enabled, described router withdraws from this flow process after carrying out the Arp agent functionality, otherwise enters next step;
(3) judge whether described router is the primary route device, if not, then enter step (four), otherwise enter step (five);
(4) judge whether the purpose IP address in the described Arp request is the VRRP virtual router ip address, if then do not process and withdraw from, otherwise described router withdraws from this flow process after carrying out the Arp agent functionality;
(5) the Arp request of described router response media gateway is given the Supervlan interface then and is handled on the IP packet of the media gateway that the Subvlan interface is received, if described IP packet is legal, then searches route it is transmitted.
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