CN101250558A - Method for producing fuel ethanol by using lycoris plants - Google Patents
Method for producing fuel ethanol by using lycoris plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN101250558A CN101250558A CNA2008100686769A CN200810068676A CN101250558A CN 101250558 A CN101250558 A CN 101250558A CN A2008100686769 A CNA2008100686769 A CN A2008100686769A CN 200810068676 A CN200810068676 A CN 200810068676A CN 101250558 A CN101250558 A CN 101250558A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for using lycoris herb to produce fuel ethanol, which takes solid bulb of the lycoris herb as raw material to obtain the fuel ethanol and simultaneously to produce by-product of lycoramine. The method of the invention researches the process steps and the process conditions for utilizing the lycoris herb to produce the fuel ethanol through experiments according to the content characteristics of chemical constituents of the solid bulb of the lycoris herb, simultaneously, a plurality of alkaloid with comparatively high lycoris medicinal value is separated, the method of invention is a compound process technique for preparing a plurality of products, more than 95% starch in lycoris can be transformed into the ethanol, the process steps are simple, the using time is little, the operation is convenient, pollution is not produced, and the method is suitable for utilizing the lycoris to produce the fuel ethanol with large scale industrialization.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of method of producing alcohol fuel, especially relate to a kind of from the bulb of lycoris plants the direct method of suitability for industrialized production alcohol fuel.
Background technology:
The energy is the primary demand of human survival and development.Grow continuously and fast along with socioeconomic, representative---the oil in order to the disposable energy that supports social progress has become " blood " that modern civilization is depended on for existence.Yet tellurian first resource is limited, and has been the gesture of petering out.Can source tissue repeatedly assess according to United Nations, tellurian prospective oil has that big industrialization exploitation will become to finishing about 50 years again.The time of China will be shorter, estimate to have only about 30 years according to the expert.Energy shortage has been the significant problem that modern society faces.If there is not the energy, the human lives does not just know where to begin, and modern society's civilization just can't continue.In order to seek substitute energy, in decades, people have done unremitting effort.By a large amount of research, contrast and practice, seek the renewable energy source that conveniently to produce and to use.In the last few years, many people concentrated on sight again on the traditional product ethanol.21st century, alcohol fuel will become one of main emerging energy, will progressively develop into the bright spot of new forms of energy, shines the boundless vital force of sunrise industry.
Alcohol fuel is that raw material adopts biofermentation method to make by cereal, sugarcane and any farm crop and waste thereof starch-containing or carbohydrate usually, along with Nonrenewable energy resources reserves such as oil day by day reduce, and the world market crude oil price rises steadily, and the renewable energy source of seeking not to strive grain with the people, not strive ground with grain becomes the focus that people pay close attention to.
Just under such background, selecting the wild plant short-tube lycoris is raw material, the short-tube lycoris alcohol fuel cleaning substance energy of a kind of reproducible unlimited closed cycle forever that the exploitation nature is rare is walked lycoris plants clean energy infinite loop, the suitability for industrialized production road of sustainable exploitation.
Short-tube lycoris has another name called malicious garlic, black garlic, and cockroach flowers etc. grow between shades such as the dike pool, graveyard more, do not strive cultivated area with food crop, extensively are suitable for the commerial growing mode of sylvan life interplanting, and it is wide to distribute, and China various places all have.It has underground spherical bulb, and like narcissus, crust is a grey black.Its chemical ingredients contains protein 4.4%, ash content 9.75%, fiber 0.85%, starch 40% and a spot of alkaloid (narcissine, remove phlegm alkali and class narcissine etc.).The patent application that utilizes narcissine to produce medicine has " Galantamin hydrobromide production method ", application number 200510003319.0; " from lycoris plants extraction power can the quick processing method of grain ", application number 200610110225.8; " from lycoris plants, extracting the processing method of narcissine ", application number 200610051215.1.But the processing method of utilizing lycoris plants to produce alcohol fuel still is not reported.Short-tube lycoris stem starch-containing about 40%, it is the good raw material of producing alcohol fuel, how according to the characteristics of lycoris plants, propose the reasonable use Lycoris and plant alcoholic acid processing method and the condition of producing, producing alcoholic acid simultaneously, also obtain valuable narcissine byproduct, our company has carried out sufficient experimental study for this reason.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of is raw material with the lycoris plants bulb, chemical composition content characteristic according to the lycoris plants bulb, by sufficient experimental study, from lab scale, pilot scale, amplify to produce to wait to have drawn and utilize lycoris plants to produce alcohol fuel optimised process step and processing condition, can isolate the higher alkaloid of multiple short-tube lycoris pharmaceutical use simultaneously.
Though utilize grain-production ethanol and utilize short-tube lycoris to produce narcissine proven technique is arranged all, can not indiscriminately imitate prior art, must work out rational production stage, test out optimum process condition according to the characteristics of lycoris plants.It is neither traditional method of utilizing grain-production alcohol also is different from the method for producing narcissine with short-tube lycoris separately.
The bulb with lycoris plants that the present invention works out is the rational production alcohol fuel of raw material, and production stage and the working condition of producing the byproduct narcissine simultaneously are followed successively by: the screening of (1) raw material short-tube lycoris bulb is cleaned: select the starch content height for use, do not have and go rotten, the spherical bulb of the lycoris plants of no disease and pest gets material through cleaning, removal of impurities, weighing;
(2) pulverize: in material, add the heavy water of 2.6～3.0 times of materials, the short-tube lycoris ball is pulverized with cutting mill, and 70 ℃ of preheatings 30～40 minutes;
(3) enzyme acid solutionization: the material of pulverizing is stirred in the reactor that dilute sulphuric acid is housed, add α-Dian Fenmei, sulfuric acid concentration 0.4～0.7%, the mass ratio of material and sulfuric acid water 1: 3～1: 2, the α-Dian Fenmei add-on be material heavy 1～3%, keep 90～93 ℃ of temperature, liquefying time 4～6 hours makes liquefied fermented glutinous rice;
(4) filter: filter and remove residue, reserved filtrate;
(5) vacuum concentration: filtrate is transferred PH=6～7 with ammoniacal liquor, is concentrated in vacuo to proportion 1.1～1.2, uses 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor to transfer PH=9～11 again;
(6) remove alkaloid: carry out the dynamic countercurrent extraction with the ethyl acetate of 3～6 times of concentrated solution volumes, organic phase gives over to the production alkaloid, and water is transferred PH=5.1～5.6 with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, and reconcentration must concentrate acid adjustment liquid to 1/4～1/5 of original volume;
(7) saccharification: in concentrated acid adjustment liquid, add the auxiliary material rice bran, add weight for concentrating 30～35% of acid adjustment liquid, add again rice bran and concentrated acid adjustment liquid weight and 2% saccharifying enzyme, PH controls 5.0～5.5,65～70 ℃ of saccharification 8～10 hours, get converted mash;
(8) fermentation: in converted mash, add the activatory yeast juice of converted mash weight 1～3%, 33～35 ℃ of leavening temperatures, fermentation time 72～80 hours;
(9) distillation: rectifying: after yeast converts sugar into alcohol, the alcohol distillation in the fermentation liquid is come out, get fuel alcohol through fore-running rectifying by traditional method.
The following describes the characteristics of lycoris plants and formulate the foundation of this production stage according to its characteristics: step (1), raw materials for production of the present invention are the spherical bulb of short-tube lycoris plant, contain protein 4.4%, ash content 9.75%, fiber 0.85%, starch 40% and a small amount of alkaloid (narcissine, remove phlegm alkali etc.), contain amylose starch and amylopectin in the starch, starch is based on amylopectin in the short-tube lycoris, no matter amylose starch and amylopectin, all be to be made of glucose unit, in the amylose starch, glucose unit is linked to be straight chain, in amylopectin owing to contain side chain, claim amylopectin, amylose starch solvent temperature in hot water is low, about 100 ℃, 120～130 ℃ of amylopectin solvent temperatures, understanding this situation is that later step (3) enzyme acid solutionization selects for use Ye Huamei and liquefaction temperature that foundation is provided.
Step (2) is pulverized, and starch is laid in cell with particulate state; be subjected to cell walls protection; can not be water-soluble, be difficult for contacting with lytic enzyme, destroy in order to make starchiness short-tube lycoris plant tissue; require starch release; so raw material must be pulverized, so that powder stock increases heating surface area, starch granules water-swelling, gelatinization; improve heat treatment efficiency, the shortening heat treatment time.Because short-tube lycoris bulb raw material, be difficult for once being crushed to desired fineness, adopt the secondary comminuting method, pulverize with cutting mill, through two steps, the first step is that the coarse reduction and the second step fine powder are broken, and the coarse reduction ratio is 1: 10～15, thin comminution ratio 1: 30～40, so-called comminution ratio is meant the ratio of pulverizing preceding maximum material diameter D and pulverizing the maximum material diameter d in back, and comminution ratio is represented with X, be X=D/d, will add water during pulverizing, material is 1: 2.6～1: 3.0 with the quality ratio, because starch is lyophilic colloid, when starch molecule contacts with water, water enters the starch granules the inside with regard to being penetrated into cytolemma, make the starch granules water-swelling, and starch giant molecule chain is expanded, intermolecular contact weakens, and makes between the starch granules to separate.Material after the pulverizing will be in storage pond heating temporarily, and heating promotes starch water-swelling process.
Step (3), the enzyme acid solutionization, in enzyme acid solution reactor, be added with dilute sulphuric acid and a-amylase or prozyme and heating, the purpose that adds acid is to make the alkaloid in the starch free, accelerate the starch hydrolysis, because diastatic existence makes the very fast reduction viscosity of starch, the Iod R of starch fluid loses " blue look " rapidly, a-amylase shows extremely strong liquefying power, claims liquefaction type amylase, selects for use a-amylase can make the amylopectin solvent temperature not need 130 ℃, only get final product at 92 ℃, the enzyme acid solutionization interrupts starch chain, and the reticulated structure of starch is destroyed, makes starch be hydrolyzed to sugar and dextrin, liquefaction back sampling analysis, meet iodine and can not become blue, dextrin is the polysaccharide littler than starch molecule, can the water-soluble colloid that becomes.The used a-amylase of the present invention is high temperature resistant a-amylase, (200,000 unit): Sichuan Province's hill bio tech ltd produces.
If replace a-amylase with prozyme, then prozyme is prepared when producing again, its composition and weight proportion are complex cellulase 10～20%, polygalacturonase 3～7%, proteolytic enzyme 5～15%, debranching factor 5～15%, plant enzyme 5～15%, saccharifying enzyme 28～72%, every gram prozyme contains about enzyme 200,000 units.
Step (7) saccharification, the purpose of saccharification is that short starch chain dextrin is converted into fermentable sugar, use for yeast, characteristics in this step are except adding in concentrated acid adjustment liquid the saccharifying enzyme, rice bran or wheat bran or some other starch-containing and agricultural byproducts (as defatted bran, jowar chaff, peanut meal, soybean meal, starch pool etc.) nitrogenous source that also will add some amount, as auxiliary material, as making saccharifying agent and being used for replenishing nitrogen.Rice bran is the byproduct or the tankage of cereal source mill, and wheat bran is the byproduct of milling plant's production process.The every gram of saccharifying enzyme 100,000 units that the present invention is selected, light company limited produces for the many dimensionizations in Anhui.In process of production, also available distiller's yeast replaces saccharifying enzyme, and preparation distiller's yeast several moulds commonly used have a meter aspergillus, black husky aspergillus oryzae and change strain thereof, aspergillus niger, Aspergillus albicans etc.Because of aspergillus can produce amylase in reaction process.Whole starch can not be converted into sugar in the saccharification stage, also can continue saccharification during the fermentation, aspergillus tubigensis is an aerobic bacteria, will give sufficient air in breeding and process of growth, and the air of supply is also depended in diastatic generation in reacting simultaneously.
Step (8), fermentation: the present invention is fermented and is used the Angel high-temperature resistant and highly-active dry yeast, and Hua Da Industrial Co., Ltd. in Shanghai produces.The zymic effect is that sugar is become ethanol, yeast fermentation belongs to the property fermentation of being sick of, carry out anaerobic respiration during the fermentation, in this process, starch and dextrin continue by the amylorrhexis saccharogenesis in the existing converted mash, also have protein to generate peptide and amino acid under the Aspergillus proteinase hydrolysis, these material parts are absorbed synthetic strain cell by yeast, and another part is then generated alcohol and CO by fermentation
2The yeast that the present invention is used to ferment is the yeast of activated processing, and activation method is to contain sugar 5% syrup with 35～38 ℃ to make activation solution, press dry yeast: the mass ratio adding dry yeast of activation solution=1: 25, stir, and 40 minutes postcooling to 35 are ℃ standby.
The present invention utilizes short-tube lycoris to make raw material, make full use of starch and alkaloid effective constituent in the short-tube lycoris, produce alcohol fuel and narcissine simultaneously, it is a kind of combined type Technology for preparing multiple product, research by experiment, from lab scale, pilot scale, amplify tests such as production, optimised process step and processing condition have been drawn, this technology ethanol production height, starch more than 95% in the short-tube lycoris can be converted into alcohol, technical process is simple, time spent is few, easy to operate, pollution-free, be suitable for big suitability for industrialized production alcohol fuel, technology of the present invention also has following characteristics, (1) adopts wild plant, do not strive ground with grain, (2) twice pulverization process, favourable raw material heating surface strengthens, (3) enzyme acid solutionization High Temperature High Pressure in reactor, cause the raw cell tissue disruption, make starch pasting, be convenient to amylase and play saccharification, adopt amylase that the amylopectin solvent temperature is reduced to about 92 ℃ from 130 ℃, heating also can be killed the bacterium that adheres to, and (4) change into fermentable sugar to the starch that is pasted into dissolved state through adding bent saccharification, (5) auxiliary material of adding rice bran or wheat bran in saccharification step makes process liquid fermentation system wine of the present invention become possibility.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Figure of description: Figure of description of the present invention is a process flow diagram:
The screening of step among the figure (1) short-tube lycoris bulb; Step (2) is pulverized; Step (3) acid adding adds multiple Synthase enzyme acid solution; Step (4) is filtered, and gets filtrate; Step (5) Vacuum Concentration; Step (6) Except alkaloid, organic phase is produced alkaloid, water production second with ethyl acetate organic solvent counter-current extraction Alcohol; Step (7) adds the saccharification enzymatic conversion; Step (8) adds culture propagation; Step (9) distillation, essence Heat up in a steamer, get fuel alcohol.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
(1) select for use the starch content height, do not have to go rotten, the fresh spherical squama base of the lycoris plants of no disease and pest, weighing gets material 100Kg behind cleaning, removal of impurities, filter solid carbon dioxide.(2) pulverize: add 300Kg water, at twice the short-tube lycoris ball is pulverized with cutting mill, coarse reduction was than 1: 13, and thin comminution ratio 1: 35 is sent comminuting matter into 70 ℃ of temporary storage pond heating, 30～60 minutes heat-up times; (3) enzyme acid solutionization: material put into fill in the reactor that concentration expressed in percentage by volume is 0.5% dilute sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of material and sour water is 1: 2.5, it is the dilute sulphuric acid that the 100Kg material adds 250Kg0.5%, the a-amylase that adds weight of material 2% promptly adds 2Kg a-amylase, a-amylase concentration 200,000 units/gram, heating keeps 92 ℃ of temperature, enzyme acid solutionization 5 hours makes liquefied fermented glutinous rice.(4) filter: filter and remove residue, get filtrate, (5) vacuum concentration: filtrate is transferred PH=6.5 with 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor or 40%NaOH, is concentrated in vacuo to proportion 1.15, uses 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor or 40%NaOH to transfer PH=9 again, get the 450Kg liquefied fermented glutinous rice, (6) remove alkaloid: carry out the dynamic countercurrent extraction for 6 times with 1760L ethyl acetate average mark, organic phase makes to produce alkaloid, and water is transferred PH=5.4 with 1: 1 hydrochloric acid, be concentrated to about 100Kg, must concentrate acid adjustment liquid.(7) saccharification: the rice bran of adding 31% is the 31Kg rice bran in concentrating acid adjustment liquid, 67 ℃ of saccharifying enzyme (promptly the adding the 26.2Kg saccharifying enzyme) saccharification temperatures of adding gross weight 2%, and control PH=5.2, saccharification time got converted mash in 9 hours.(8) fermentation: the converted mash cooling is cooled to 35 ℃, and the activated yeast mixture 3Kg that activation is good adds converted mash, and add-on is former material 3%, fermentation time 75 hours, 34 ℃ of leavening temperatures.(9) distillation, rectifying: pass through to distill the back of ferment, obtains 144.51 kilograms of the wine of ethanol concn 15.12%, contains 21.85 kilograms of ethanol, starch transformation efficiency 95%.
In the 8th step fermentation step, the yeast that adds is the good yeast of activation, activated yeast is to make activation solution with 37 ℃ the syrup that contains sugar 5% (weight percent), press dry yeast: the mass percent adding dry yeast stirring and dissolving of activation solution=1: 25,40 minutes postcooling to 35 are ℃ standby.
Dry yeast recited above is the Angel high-temperature resistant and highly-active dry yeast, and Shanghai China thing reaches Industrial Co., Ltd. and produces.
Embodiment 2: difference from Example 1 is the technology difference of (3) step system liquefied fermented glutinous rice, other technologies are identical: with the bright bulb of short-tube lycoris is raw material, tap water cleans silt under the normal temperature, short-tube lycoris ball after will cleaning with pulverizer is pulverized, put in the reactor that the a-amylase solution is housed, transferring pH value with sulfuric acid is 4, the mass ratio of material and water is 1: 3, the amount that a-amylase adds is a weight of material 2%, and temperature is 55 ℃, and enzymolysis time is 4 hours, the intact back of enzymolysis elevated temperature to 92 ℃, transferring pH value with sulfuric acid is 1, and acidolysis 2 hours makes liquefied fermented glutinous rice.Go on foot to such an extent that ethanol concn is 156.48 kilograms of 14.04% wine by embodiment 1 (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) again, contain 21.97 kilograms of ethanol, starch transformation efficiency 95.5%.
Embodiment 3: difference from Example 1 is the technology difference of (3) step system liquefied fermented glutinous rice, other technologies are identical: with the bright bulb of short-tube lycoris is raw material, and tap water cleans silt under the normal temperature, and the short-tube lycoris ball after will cleaning with pulverizer is pulverized, putting into the dress pH value is in the reactor of 1 sulphuric acid soln, the mass ratio of material and water is 1: 3, and temperature is 95 ℃, acidolysis 4 hours, cool to 55 ℃ then, the amount that adds is the a-amylase of weight of material 2%, and enzymolysis time is 2 hours, makes liquefied fermented glutinous rice.Go on foot to such an extent that ethanol concn is 165.70 kilograms of 13.12% wine by embodiment 1 (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) again, contain 21.74 kilograms of ethanol, starch transformation efficiency 94.5%.
Embodiment 4: be with the difference of embodiment 1: the concrete processing parameter that is adopted is different.(1), the mass ratio of the material of sour enzyme liquefaction and sour water is 1: 3; The amount that a-amylase adds is a weight of material 3%; The saccharifying enzyme that adjusting slurry drops into after 4% the dissolving of its gross weight carries out saccharification to slurries; 3% of adding converted mash gross weight yeast ferments in the converted mash.Obtaining ethanol concn by distillation at last is 146.77 kilograms of 15.01% wine, 22.03 kilograms of spirituosity, starch transformation efficiency 95.8%.
Embodiment 5: replace a-amylase with different being in (3) step of embodiment 1 with prozyme;
Embodiment 6: be in replacing rice bran with (7) step with wheat bran with the different of embodiment 1;
Embodiment 7: replace saccharifying enzyme with different being in (7) step of embodiment 1 with distiller's yeast;
The requirement of auxiliary material of the present invention and chemical constitution
Refer to make saccharifying agent and be used for replenishing the required raw material of nitrogenous source in the technological process of starchiness short-tube lycoris bulb raw material production alcohol fuel.
1., wheat bran
It is a kind of byproduct in the flour production process.Its starch content is few, can not be as the main raw material of making alcohol, but it has the superperformance of cultivating mould, therefore, can be used as the main raw material of making wheat bran in the Alcohol Production.Its consumption is about the 6--10% of alcohol main raw material, and the chemical ingredients of wheat bran is as follows:
The content of VITAMIN, calcium and iron is as follows in the wheat bran:
VitB1 (VITAMIN) average content 9.37 microgram/grams
Riboflavin (VITAMIN) average content 2.80 microgram/grams
Nicotinic acid (VITAMIN) 3.00 microgram/grams
Calcium (in the ash content) 2.4%
Iron (in the ash content) 0.21%
In addition, also contain amylase in the wheat bran, oxydase, peroxidase and catalase etc.
2., rice bran
Be the by product or the tankage of starch plants and cereal source mill, still contain a certain amount of starch and nitrogenous source, can be used as the auxiliary material of making alcohol.Rice bran is a resulting thin chaff in the rice milling process, wherein contains most plumule, and therefore, oleaginousness is more, analysis-by-synthesis according to certain factory: oil-containing 17--20%, moisture 10.5--13%, crude protein 15--17%, robust fibre 6--8%, nitrogen free extract 38%, ash content 2--9%.What adopt in the Alcohol Production is the rice bran cake that pressed oil.
Except that above-mentioned wheat bran and rice bran, also have the by product of some processings of farm products, contain starch and nitrogenous source, can be used as the auxiliary material of Alcohol Production.
The present invention produces amylomyces commonly used and selects
1., rice aspergillus (ASP.oryzae) bacterial strain commonly used is As.3870, it is not only the saccharification mattress of preparing alcohol, liquor, yellow rice wine, also is the preponderant strains of system soy sauce and flour paste, how with the bent juice of its preparation rice.
Aspergillus oryzae is yellow-green colour more, is green but cultivate on the bigger substratum of acidity, cultivates to be yellow on the little substratum of acidity.After aging is brown gradually.Developmental temperature 36---40 ℃, the suitableeest 37 ℃, optimal pH 5.5---6.0.Its liquefaction power and protein decomposing force are stronger.It also can generate kojic acid, oxalic acid, micro-alcohol.
2., black husky aspergillus oryzae (ASP.usamii) it be Japan's seed selection is come out from thousands of kinds of aspergillus nigers stronger bacterial classification of saccharogenic power.China's bacterial strain commonly used is AS.3.7580.
The husky aspergillus oryzae flora black of crow is to brown, and living sour ability is stronger, and it is rich in saccharifying amylase, and saccharogenic power is stronger, and acid resistance is stronger.It also contains strong tannase, and is stronger to the adaptability of raw materials for production.
East wine is for No. one its mutagenic strain, and when cultivating three days on the rice koji agar plate of 6---8Bx, the mattress clump is loose, the color light brown, and the mattress silk is short close, and the top capsule is bigger, and the substratum color is yellowish, and gauffer is arranged.If robe darkens or blackening, represent that promptly the mattress kind degenerated.
During incubation growth of east wine, the humidity of having relatively high expectations, lower temperature.Early growth is slow during koji, and it is slow to heat up.But the middle and later periods is then better, and bent caking is more loose, and the whole koji time is 28---32 hour.Its enzymic activity is compared liquefaction power for No. two and is improved 2.5 times with gently grinding, and saccharogenic power improves 1.6 times, and acid producing ability is high 2.3 times, and with bent amount when identical, the yield of liquor has raising.Adaptability to the wild plant raw material is strong.But anti-assorted bacterium ability is low during koji, infects assorted mattresses such as mould, head mold easily.
3., aspergillus niger (ASP.niger) aspergillus niger flora brown darkly, the top capsule is big sphere, the stigma branch, the spore sphere, the bacterial classification that has is a shiny surface, most surperficial spinosities.Grow 37---38 ℃ of thermophilic, optimal pH 4.5---5.0.At present widely used As.3.4309 is exactly a strain excellent among the aspergillus niger group in saccharifying agent.
The As.3.3409 bacterial strain low-temperature epitaxy that suits, cultivating optimum temperuture is 32 ℃.Its poor growth, the mattress silk is very thin, and conidinphore is short.When knowing song, early stage, the mattress body was given birth to slowly, and caking is loose, rapid spread when conidium occurring.If deep closet temperature height, relative humidity is big, when the product temperature reaches more than 37 ℃, occurs " heartburn " and long " water hair " phenomenon easily, and promptly there is very thin long wool shape mycelia on the wheat bran surface, and condensed water is arranged, and bent heart grey black, caking are closely.This just causes the rapid decline of wheat bran saccharogenic power easily.Therefore, to guarantee kind of a bent drying during koji, reduce assorted mattress and pollute.And to control temperature in preceding, mid-term, and keep product temperature to be no more than 32 ℃, note simultaneously before the formation spore, just will going out song.
4., Aspergillus albicans mainly contains white song in Ha Noi and B song.In fact they all are the mutation of black husky aspergillus oryzae, their performance and Wu Sha aspergillus oryzae broadly similar, and only growth conditions is more extensive, and it is pure that enzyme system also may blacker husky aspergillus oryzae, and it is better to be used to make liquor flavor, but should notice that it easily makes finished product first ferment content higher.
Selection of raw material of the present invention:
The short-tube lycoris bulb: Guizhou, the place of production, bright ball starch content 40% contains amylose starch 18% in the starch, amylopectin 82%, selective maturation is good, and the starch content height does not have and goes rotten, the bright ball of the short-tube lycoris of no disease and pest.
Zymin: high temperature resistant a-amylase (200,000 units/gram): Sichuan Province's hill bio tech ltd produces.Saccharifying enzyme (100,000 units/gram): the light company limited of the many dimensionizations in Anhui produces.
Yeast: the Angel high-temperature resistant and highly-active dry yeast, Shanghai China thing reaches Industrial Co., Ltd. and produces.
Claims (7)
1. a method of producing alcohol fuel with lycoris plants is characterized in that the bulb with lycoris plants is a raw material, produces alcohol fuel, produces the byproduct alkaloid simultaneously, and its production stage and working condition are followed successively by:
(1) screening of raw material short-tube lycoris bulb is cleaned: select the starch content height for use, do not have and go rotten, the spherical bulb of the lycoris plants of no disease and pest gets material through cleaning, removal of impurities, weighing;
(2) pulverize: in material, add the heavy water of 2.6～3.0 times of materials, the short-tube lycoris ball is pulverized with cutting mill, and 70 ℃ of preheatings 30～60 minutes;
(3) enzyme acid solutionization: the material of pulverizing is stirred in the reactor that dilute sulphuric acid is housed, add α-Dian Fenmei, sulfuric acid concentration 0.4～0.7%, the mass ratio of material and sulfuric acid water 1: 3～1: 2, the α-Dian Fenmei add-on be material heavy 1～3%, keep 90～93 ℃ of temperature, liquefying time 4～6 hours makes liquefied fermented glutinous rice;
(4) filter: filter and remove residue, reserved filtrate;
(5) vacuum concentration: filtrate is transferred PH=6～7 with 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor, is concentrated in vacuo to proportion 1.1～1.2, uses 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor to transfer PH=9～11 again;
(6) remove alkaloid: carry out the dynamic countercurrent extraction with the ethyl acetate of 3～6 times of concentrated solution volumes, organic phase gives over to the production alkaloid, and water transfers PH=5.1～5.6 reconcentration to 1/4～1/5 of original volume with 1: 1 hydrochloric acid solution, must concentrate acid adjustment liquid;
(7) saccharification: adding auxiliary material rice bran in concentrated acid adjustment liquid, add weight for concentrating 30～35% of acid adjustment liquid, add the saccharifying enzyme of rice bran and concentrated acid adjustment liquid total amount 2% again, PH control 5.0～5.5 65～70 ℃ of saccharification 8～10 hours, gets converted mash;
(8) fermentation: in converted mash, add the activatory yeast juice of converted mash weight 1～3%, fermentation
(9) distillation, rectifying: after yeast converts sugar into alcohol, the alcohol distillation in the fermentation liquid is come out, get fuel alcohol through fore-running rectifying by traditional method.
2. a kind of method of producing alcohol fuel with lycoris plants according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step (3), sulfuric acid concentration is 0.5%, material and sour water mass ratio 1: 2.5, a-amylase add-on be material heavy 2%, 92 ℃ of liquefaction temperatures, liquefying time 5 hours; In step (5), transfer PH=6.5 with 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor in the filtrate, vacuum concentration uses 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor to transfer PH=9 to proportion 1.15 again; In step (6), carry out dynamic inverse to extraction with 4 times of acetate ethanol of measuring the concentrated solution volumes, organic production narcissine that gives over to, water transfers the PH=5.4 reconcentration to 1/4 of original volume with 1: 1 hydrochloric acid; In step (7), auxiliary material rice bran add-on is for concentrating 31% of acid adjustment liquid, 67 ℃ of saccharification temperatures, PH=5.2, saccharification 9 hours; In step (8), it is converted mash 3% that the activatory yeast adds weight, fermentation time 75 hours, 34 ℃ of temperature;
3. a kind of method of producing alcohol fuel with lycoris plants according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that available prozyme replaces a-amylase in the step (3), the composition of prozyme preparation is: complex cellulase 10～20%, polygalacturonase 3～7%, proteolytic enzyme 5～15%, debranching factor 5～15%, plant enzyme 5～15%, saccharifying enzyme 28～72%, every gram prozyme is 200,000 units;
4. a kind of method of producing alcohol fuel with lycoris plants according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the auxiliary material rice bran in the step (7) can replace with some supplies starch-containing and nitrogenous source of the by product of wheat bran or some processings of farm products;
5. a kind of method of producing alcohol fuel with lycoris plants according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that in the step (7), available distiller's yeast replaces saccharifying enzyme, and several moulds commonly used on the koji comprise a meter aspergillus, husky aspergillus oryzae of bird and change strain thereof, aspergillus niger, Aspergillus albicans;
6. according to claim 1 and 2 a kind of with the method for producing alcohol fuel in the lycoris plants, it is characterized in that the activatory yeast juice is to make activation solution with 35～38 ℃ of syrup that contain sugar 5% in the step (8), press dry yeast: the mass ratio of activation solution=1: 25 adds dry yeast, stirring and dissolving, 40 minutes postcooling to 35 are ℃ standby.
7. a kind of method of from lycoris plants, producing alcohol fuel according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the middle short-tube lycoris ball of step (2) is pulverized point coarse reduction and fine powder is broken, the coarse crushing of coarse reduction granularity is than 1: 10～15, and the thin essence of fine powder particle degree was than 1: 30～1: 40.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102344873A (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2012-02-08 | 贵州芊芊园艺新技术发展公司 | Method for producing Maotai-flavor white spirit by using Lycoris plants |
| CN102732569A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-10-17 | 迟玉森 | Method for producing fuel alcohol by fermenting blanched garlic leaf wastes |
| CN104672246A (en) * | 2015-02-07 | 2015-06-03 | 吉首大学 | Method for extracting lycorine from Lycoris plants |
| CN106434768A (en) * | 2016-12-17 | 2017-02-22 | 周世容 | Method for preparing ethanol fermentation broth through fermentation of manganese alginate and lycoris radiate bulbs |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1699582A (en) * | 2005-01-28 | 2005-11-23 | 珠海市斗门区海源水产贸易有限公司 | Process for extracting alcohol using waterlettuce as main raw material |
| CN100596308C (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2010-03-31 | 贵州芊芊园艺新技术发展公司 | Technological method for extracting lycorine from lycoris plants |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102344873A (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2012-02-08 | 贵州芊芊园艺新技术发展公司 | Method for producing Maotai-flavor white spirit by using Lycoris plants |
| CN102732569A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2012-10-17 | 迟玉森 | Method for producing fuel alcohol by fermenting blanched garlic leaf wastes |
| CN104672246A (en) * | 2015-02-07 | 2015-06-03 | 吉首大学 | Method for extracting lycorine from Lycoris plants |
| CN104672246B (en) * | 2015-02-07 | 2017-02-22 | 吉首大学 | Method for extracting lycorine from Lycoris plants |
| CN106434768A (en) * | 2016-12-17 | 2017-02-22 | 周世容 | Method for preparing ethanol fermentation broth through fermentation of manganese alginate and lycoris radiate bulbs |
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