Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the method for the synthetic unsaturated polyester resin of a kind of renewable vegetables oil is provided, but the excellent resin of this method processability, and production cost can reduce.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: carry out alcoholysis reaction by renewable vegetables oil and organic polyhydric alcohol and generate an acid esters; It is regarded as the divalent alcohol of modification and introduces in the synthesis technique of unsaturated polyester resin; Substitute conventional divalent alcohol fully; Synthetic unsaturated polyester mixes with linking agent then, obtains unsaturated polyester resin.In mass, this resin is processed by renewable vegetables oil 30~70%, organic polyhydric alcohol 15~40%, organic unsaturated acid or acid anhydrides 8~30%, organic saturated acid or acid anhydrides 5~30%, catalyzer 0.005~0.5%, stopper 0.001~0.1% and linking agent 25~50%.
The present invention can make stable unsaturated polyester resin, and conversion unit is synthetic identical with conventional unsaturated polyester.Compared with prior art, prepared unsaturated polyester resin has following main advantage:
One of which. excellent performance: the hardness of this resin, tensile strength and flexural strength are better, and color and luster is good, viscosity is moderate, and Heat stability is good, alkali resistance is better, flexility is good (seeing table 1 and table 2).
They are two years old. and adopting the renewable resources Vegetable oil lipoprotein is raw material, has reduced production cost greatly.
They are three years old. and synthesis technique is simple, and cure shrinkage is lower.
They are four years old. and application prospect is good: can be used for the manufacturing of the toughness reinforcing and atom ash goods of other brittle resin, be fit to various composite material process plannings such as hand paste, winding and injection.
Embodiment
The compound method of unsaturated polyester resin provided by the invention; Specifically be to carry out alcoholysis reaction by renewable vegetables oil and organic polyhydric alcohol to generate an acid esters; It is regarded as the divalent alcohol of modification and introduces in the synthesis technique of unsaturated polyester resin alternative fully conventional divalent alcohol, synthetic unsaturated polyester; Mix with linking agent then, obtain unsaturated polyester resin.In mass, described unsaturated polyester resin is processed by renewable vegetables oil 30~70%, organic polyhydric alcohol 15~40%, organic unsaturated acid or acid anhydrides 8~30%, organic saturated acid or acid anhydrides 5~30%, catalyzer 0.005~0.5%, stopper 0.001~0.1% and linking agent 25~50%.
The compound method of unsaturated polyester resin provided by the invention, can adopt the method that may further comprise the steps:
(1) batching: take by weighing renewable vegetables oil, organic polyhydric alcohol, organic unsaturated acid or acid anhydrides, organic saturated acid or acid anhydrides, catalyzer, stopper and linking agent by prescription;
(2) alcoholysis, polycondensation: drop into renewable vegetables oil, the pure and mild catalyzer of organic multicomponent to reaction kettle, charging into N
2Stir under the situation of protection; And under 200~240 ℃ of temperature alcoholysis reaction 0.5~1.5h; Then the alcoholysis reaction temperature is reduced to 160~200 ℃ gradually, add organic unsaturated acid or acid anhydrides, organic saturated acid or acid anhydrides again, keep this temperature 3.5~5h to carry out polycondensation; When acid number reaches 40~60mgNaOH/g, be the polycondensation terminal point, add stopper at last;
(3) dilution: after the polycondensation, make temperature drop to 120~130 ℃, again with the linking agent blend, stirring is cooled to room temperature, promptly obtains unsaturated polyester resin.
Described organic polyhydric alcohol can adopt a kind of in TriMethylolPropane(TMP), USP Kosher, the tetramethylolmethane, or multiple.
Described organic unsaturated acid or acid anhydrides can adopt a kind of in vinylformic acid, maleic acid or acid anhydrides, FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE, methylacrylic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic acid, methylene-succinic acid, propene dicarboxylic acid and the methyl-maleic acid, or multiple.
Described organic saturated acid can adopt a kind of in hexanodioic acid, m-phthalic acid, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride, terephthalic acid, oxalic acid, Succinic Acid, hydrogenation phthalic anhydride and the tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, or multiple.
Described catalyzer can adopt a kind of in Lithium Hydroxide MonoHydrate, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, yellow soda ash, Pottasium Hydroxide, sodium hydrogencarbonate and the plumbous oxide, or multiple.
Described stopper can adopt a kind of in quinhydrones, benzoquinones, naphthoquinones, Resorcinol, quaternary ammonium salt, tert-butyl catechol and the t-butyl catechol, or multiple.
Described linking agent can adopt vinylbenzene, Benzene Chloride ethene, 2, a kind of in 5-Dowspray 9, Vinyl toluene, Phthalic acid, diallyl ester, methylacrylic acid and the methacrylic ester, or multiple.
Described renewable vegetables oil can adopt a kind of in Oleum Cocois, Semen Maydis oil, tung oil, Viscotrol C, oleum lini, soya-bean oil, synourin oil, peanut oil, sunflower seed oil, rapeseed oil and the plam oil, or multiple.
The vegetables oil that the present invention uses can adopt the refined plant oil that produces all over China; It is the mixture that mixes sweet three esters; The lipid acid kind, carbon chain lengths, degree of unsaturation (two keys what) and the geometric configuration that constitute sweet three esters are all inequality; Composition is very complicated, and the general structure of vegetables oil staple can be expressed as usually:
Wherein: R is the carbochain of about 14~20 carbon atoms, and it has a plurality of pairs of keys or conjugated double bond, does not perhaps contain two keys or conjugated double bond.Because the fatty acid group in the fatty acid triglycercide molecule is different, uses R, R ' and R respectively " distinguish.
The compound method of unsaturated polyester resin provided by the invention, its composition principle is: at first Vegetable oil lipoprotein is carried out alcoholysis reaction and obtain an acid esters, for example carry out alcoholysis reaction with USP Kosher, reaction expression is following:
Vegetables oil and USP Kosher 200~240 ℃ with catalyzer in the presence of the generation lipid acid the effect of redistributing.The alcoholysis operation is a critical step in the unsaturated polyester building-up process; It affects the distribution of the molecular structure and the molecular weight of unsaturated polyester; The purpose of alcoholysis reaction is to process the fatty ester of glycerine, mainly is monoglyceride, and we regard it as fatty acid modified divalent alcohol; With monoglyceride and commonly used acid anhydrides such as MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, the synthetic unsaturated polyester resin of phthalic anhydride, the condensation polymerization reaction expression of vibrin is following then:
Wherein: m, n represent the polymerization degree, m=10~30, n=10~30; R representes fatty acid carbon chain, can be CH
3(CH
2)
7CH=CH (CH
2)
7-.The cardinal principle of reaction is two hydroxyls and the anhydride reaction of using in fatty acid glycerine one ester, and does not relate to two keys and the reaction of other group on the fatty acid carbon chain.Because the activity of MALEIC ANHYDRIDE is strong than Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride; In building-up process, at first generate the polyester of MALEIC ANHYDRIDE; Carry out to a certain degree when polycondensation, just begin to generate the polyester of Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride, when reaction continues deeply; Be mainly the block polymerization chain of the polyester of MALEIC ANHYDRIDE formation in the middle part of having formed, end capped long-chain macromolecule is carried out by the polyester that Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride forms in two ends.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further, but does not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1: according to the mass fraction, with oleum lini 60%, USP Kosher 17% drops in the reaction kettle with calcium hydroxide 0.05%, is charging into N
2Situation under violent stirring, under 220 ℃ of temperature, react 0.5~1.5h, temperature of reaction is reduced to 160 ℃~200 ℃ gradually; Add MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 10% again; Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride 12.95% keeps this temperature 3.5~5h, and the acid number of system reaches and is reaction end about 50mgNaOH/g; When cooling to 120 ℃~130 ℃ and an amount of vinylbenzene blend, stirring is cooled to room temperature, promptly obtains unsaturated polyester resin.
Embodiment 2: according to the mass fraction, with Viscotrol C 50%, USP Kosher 15% drops in the reaction kettle with Lithium Hydroxide MonoHydrate 0.1%, is charging into N
2Situation under violent stirring, under 210 ℃ of temperature, react 1~1.5h, add MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 15% again, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride 19.9%, all the other are basically with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: according to the mass fraction, with peanut oil 55%, tetramethylolmethane 18% drops in the reaction kettle with sodium hydrogencarbonate 0.08%, is charging into N
2Situation under violent stirring, under 200 ℃~220 ℃ temperature, react 0.5~2h, continue to add MALEIC ANHYDRIDE 20%, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride 6.92%, all the other are basically with embodiment 1.
Subordinate list
The typical quality index of institute's synthetic resins is following in each instance of table 1:
The typical mechanical performance index of table 2 synthetic resins casting matrix is following:
Index |
Numerical value |
Testing standard |
Tensile strength (MPa) |
55 |
GB/T2568-1995 |
Modulus in tension (MPa) |
3000 |
GB/T2568-1995 |
Flexural strength (MPa) |
107 |
GB/T2570-1995 |
Bending elastic modulus (MPa) |
3400 |
GB/T2570-1995 |