CN101240405A - 一种制备定向纳米孪晶的方法 - Google Patents
一种制备定向纳米孪晶的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101240405A CN101240405A CNA2007100103417A CN200710010341A CN101240405A CN 101240405 A CN101240405 A CN 101240405A CN A2007100103417 A CNA2007100103417 A CN A2007100103417A CN 200710010341 A CN200710010341 A CN 200710010341A CN 101240405 A CN101240405 A CN 101240405A
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Abstract
本发明涉及纳米孪晶技术,具体为一种制备定向纳米孪晶的方法。处理方法为脉冲电流处理,放电周期1μs~500μs,最大峰值电流密度103~105A/mm2,单个脉冲的持续时间1μs~10000μs。本技术的特点在于:脉冲电流处理过程中,材料经过固-固相变点;脉冲电流处理后的材料具有与电流方向平行的定向纳米孪晶结构。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及纳米孪晶技术,具体为一种制备定向纳米孪晶的脉冲电流处理方法。
背景技术:
纳米孪晶界是一种低能共格晶界,它能够有效地阻碍位错运动并吸收部分位错,从而起到强化作用。纳米孪晶对电子的散射能力极小,其电阻值可以比普通晶界的电阻低一个数量级。因此纳米孪晶材料由于其优异的力学性能和电学性能而得到人们的广泛关注。目前已有多种纳米孪晶的制备方法,如电化学沉积、轧制、冲击等,但这些方法制备得到的纳米孪晶都是随机取向的,制备定向纳米孪晶的方法目前还未见报道。
发明内容:
本发明的目的在于提供一种制备定向纳米孪晶的脉冲电流处理方法。通过本方法可以制备出孪晶取向一致的纳米孪晶。
本发明提供了一种制备定向纳米孪晶的脉冲电流处理方法,对金属材料进行脉冲电流处理。脉冲电流的放电周期1μs~500μs,最大峰值电流密度103~105A/mm2,单个脉冲的持续时间1μs~10000μs,脉冲电流处理的时间为单个脉冲的持续时间。脉冲电流的较佳参数为:放电周期50μs~200μs,电流密度6×103~4×104A/mm2,单个脉冲的持续时间100μs~2000μs。在该条件下,由脉冲电流引起的温升足以引起材料发生相变,有利于提高高电导相的相变形核率,从而细化晶粒有助于大量纳米孪晶的形成。
本发明具有如下优点:
1、本方法操作简单,周期短,效率高,成本低,便于推广应用。
2、采用本发明进行脉冲电流处理过程中,材料经过固-固相变点;脉冲电流处理后的材料具有与电流方向平行的定向纳米孪晶结构且孪晶片层可贯穿多个晶粒。纳米孪晶平均片层厚度可以控制在3nm~15nm。
附图说明:
图1为脉冲电流处理过程的装置示意图。
图2为脉冲电流处理的放电波形图。
图3为脉冲电流处理前后样品的TEM形貌及HRTEM形貌和相应的选区电子衍射。其中,(a)为原始样品;(b)为脉冲处理后大量定向孪晶形成;(c)为(b)图的相应HRTEM形貌和选区电子衍射。
图4为脉冲电流处理后样品的纳米孪晶片层厚度分布。
具体实施方式:
实施例
下面通过实施例详述本发明。
图1为脉冲电流处理过程的装置示意图,此装置为已知的技术,它包括脉冲电流发生器和示波器,脉冲电流发生器由控制组1、氙发光片2、电容3、电流探测器4组成,脉冲电流由电容器放电产生,电流探测器4外接示波器,脉冲电流的波形和基本参数由TDS3012型示波器测定。将样品7两端夹持在铜电极5之间,再将两个铜电极5分别与脉冲电流发生器输出的正负电极相连,点焊热电偶6、用于测量样品7的温度。
图2显示了处理试样所用脉冲电流的波形图,其中脉冲电流的放电周期tp=113μs,最大峰值电流密度jm=18.6×103A/mm2,单个脉冲的持续时间约0.8ms。
图3显示了脉冲电流处理前后透射电镜观察结果,(a)是处理前;(b)是处理后。可以看出与原始未经脉冲电流处理的试样相比,脉冲电流处理后,原始晶粒细化的同时伴随有大量纳米孪晶生成。大的晶粒被大量孪晶片层贯穿通过,形成大量细化的亚晶粒。而且,几乎所有的孪晶方向都趋于一致,并与电流方向平行。
图4显示了孪晶片层的平均厚度。可以发现脉冲处理后孪晶片层平均厚度可达6nm左右。
从实施例可知,在本发明技术方案的范围内:脉冲电流的放电周期1μs~500μs,最大峰值电流密度103~105A/mm2,单个脉冲的持续时间1μs~10000μs,脉冲电流处理制备定向孪晶是一种简易可行的方法。基本原理可以解释为:脉冲电流处理瞬间试样可以快速升温过相变点温度,由于相变前后两相电导率存在差异会引起体系的能量变化,将有助于新相晶核的形成。电流处理瞬间结束,前期形成的大量新相晶核来不及长大被迅速保留到室温。同时,在降温过程中两相经历马氏体相变,沿惯习面切变形成大量定向纳米孪晶。因此,对于易于发生马氏体相变及易于生成孪晶的钢及多种记忆合金,有望采用本技术制备定向纳米孪晶块体材料。
Claims (2)
1. 一种制备定向纳米孪晶的方法,其特征在于:对金属材料进行脉冲电流处理,脉冲电流的放电周期1μs~500μs,最大峰值电流密度103~105A/mm2,单个脉冲的持续时间1μs~10000μs,脉冲电流处理的时间为单个脉冲的持续时间。
2. 按照权利要求1所述的制备定向纳米孪晶的方法,其特征在于:脉冲电流的放电周期为50μs~200μs,电流密度为6×103~4×104A/mm2,单个脉冲的持续时间100μs~2000μs。
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CN111610209A (zh) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-09-01 | 浙江大学 | 一种制备具有确定孪晶取向的纳米孪晶金属试样的方法 |
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CN111610209A (zh) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-09-01 | 浙江大学 | 一种制备具有确定孪晶取向的纳米孪晶金属试样的方法 |
CN111610209B (zh) * | 2019-02-25 | 2021-03-19 | 浙江大学 | 一种制备具有确定孪晶取向的纳米孪晶金属试样的方法 |
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