CN101240399B - Low-chromium low-cost hot working die steel - Google Patents
Low-chromium low-cost hot working die steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101240399B CN101240399B CN2008101013395A CN200810101339A CN101240399B CN 101240399 B CN101240399 B CN 101240399B CN 2008101013395 A CN2008101013395 A CN 2008101013395A CN 200810101339 A CN200810101339 A CN 200810101339A CN 101240399 B CN101240399 B CN 101240399B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of tool and die, specifically to a low-chromium low-cost hot die steel. The chemical compositions of the steel (weigh%) are: C: 0.38-0.42%, Si: 0.9-1.1%, S<=0.030%, P<=0.030%, Mn: 0.3-0.5%, W: 0.9-1.2%, Mo: 0.45-0.55%, Cr: 2.8-3.2%, V: 0.25-0.45%, Nb: 0.08-0.15% and Fe and unavoidable impurities: the balance. The steel of the invention can be used as a substitute for high-alloy-containing H13, has similar comprehensive performance to H13, superior temper resistance, low cost and low chromium; the rational alloy ratio saves cost more than 20%, compared with H13 steel, thus having better economical benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the tool and mould field, be mainly used in the transfer mold of forging die, forging press mould, use for finish forge machine die insert and aluminium, copper and the alloy thereof of making hot extrusion grinding tool and plug, die hammer etc., particularly a kind of low-chromium low-cost hot working die steel.
Background technology
Development along with machinery manufacturing industry, the performance of hot-work die steel and the Financial cost H13 steel of having higher requirement is to use extensive and the most representative hot-work die steel grade, this steel grade is main strengthening element with Cr, Mo, V, has good combination of strength and toughness, keep higher thermal fatigue resistance simultaneously, thereby can bear that high temperature draws, pressure, shock action, also can bear the periodically effect such as temperature variation of high temperature wear, oxidation and chilling and shock heating simultaneously.But contain the molybdenum of high level and vanadium etc. in the steel than noble element, the price of molybdenum, vanadium alloy sharp rises in recent years, causes the smelting cost of H13 steel significantly to rise.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy to substitute to contain the H13 of higher alloy content, have with the H13 over-all properties quite and have good anti-temper resistance, a hot-work die steel of low-chromium low-cost.
According to above-mentioned purpose, the present invention suitably reduces the content of Alloy Elements Mo, V, Cr with reference to the steel grades such as S7 of the U.S. on the basis of H13 (4Cr5MoSi V1), add a spot of W, Nb, make this steel grade reach the over-all properties of H13, and have lower manufacturing cost.The technical solution used in the present invention is: carbide forming element Cr, Mo among (1) reduction H13 and the content of V; (2) add strong carbide forming element Nb, part substitutes V, forms the primary carbide of some amount, and crystal grain thinning, to improve the wear resistance of steel; (3) add an amount of W, reduce the thermo-responsive tendency of mistake of steel, and improve the thermostability of steel.
According to above-mentioned purpose and whole technical scheme, the concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
The concrete chemical ingredients (weight %) of steel of the present invention is: C:0.38-0.42%, Si:0.9-1.1%, S≤0.030%, P≤0.030%, Mn:0.3-0.5%, W:0.9-1.2%, Mo:0.45-0.55%, Cr:2.8-3.2%, V:0.25-0.45%, Nb:0.08-0.15%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The effect of above-mentioned each element and proportioning are according to as follows:
C: the matrix hardness of carbon content decision hardened steel in the steel, for hot-work die steel, the carbon part in the steel enters in the matrix of steel and causes solution strengthening.A part of in addition carbon will be combined into alloy carbide with the carbide forming element in the alloying element.To hot-work die steel, this alloy carbide except that small amount of residual, also require it in drawing process on the quenched martensite matrix disperse separate out and produce twice hardening phenomenon.Thereby decide the performance of hot-work die steel by the tissue of equally distributed residual alloy carbon compound and tempered martensite.Domestic and international studies show that in a large number about low carbon martensite: if will obtain comprehensive mechanical performance preferably, the carbon amount will be controlled at 0.38%-0.42% in the steel.
Mn: except improving the hardening capacity, can also eliminate the harmful effect of sulphur, control Mn content is at 0.300.5% among the present invention.
P:P forms microsegregation when solidification of molten steel, gather partially at crystal boundary when austenitizing temperature heats subsequently, and the fragility of steel is enlarged markedly.The content of control P is below 0.030%, and content is low more good more.
S: inevitable impurity, form FeS, come red brittleness to steel band.Control S content is below 0.030%, and content is low more good more.
Cr: chromium forms carbide, can improve the hardening capacity of steel.Chromium is dissolved in austenite when quenching heating, quenches the back solid solution in martensite, can improve the anti-tempering ability of steel.With reference to the S7 steel of the U.S., chromium content is controlled at 2.8-3.2% in the present invention.
W, Mo: in the hot-work die steel that is added in polynary composite alloying of tungsten, can reduce the thermo-responsive tendency of mistake of steel significantly, and improve the thermostability of steel.But the content of tungsten surpasses 2%, and the heat resistance of steel is not had obvious raising again, and toughness is descended.Generally should be controlled at about 1%.The adding of molybdenum can improve the hardening capacity and the heat resistance of steel, can prevent temper brittleness again.But molybdenum adds too much, can cause the molybdenum carbide segregation, is needle-like or netted separating out along crystal boundary in drawing process, influences the toughness of steel.In high tenacity hotwork die steel, molybdenum content is advisable with 0.5-1%.In steel of the present invention, control W content is at 0.9-1.2%, and Mo content is at 0.45-0.55%.
V: vanadium can reduce the thermo-responsive tendency of mistake of steel.The vanadium that adds 0.1-0.3% in low alloy steel just has obvious effects.In the martensitic steel, content of vanadium reaches 0.5% just can produce enough secondary hardening effects.The vanadium amount is too high, tempering in the secondary hardening temperature range, and the plasticity of steel, toughness will obviously descend, so the vanadium add-on can not surpass 1%.Content of vanadium in the H13 steel is at 080-1.20%, in steel of the present invention because of having added a certain amount of niobium, so content of vanadium is controlled at 0.25-0.45%.
Nb: the strong carbide forming element, form MC type carbide, can be used to part and substitute V, V content is reduced to the level that only keeps secondary hardening.Nb content is controlled at 0.08-0.15% in steel of the present invention.
The akin preparation method of employing of the present invention and prior art:
Steel of the present invention can adopt electric arc furnace, high frequency furnace, vacuum induction furnace smelting, and molten steel casting becomes steel ingot, can carry out esr as required, through forging become a useful person or cogging after be rolled into bar.
Steel of the present invention can substitute higher alloy content H13, have with H13 alloy over-all properties quite and have good anti-temper resistance, an advantage of low-chromium low-cost; Reasonably the alloying proportioning is saved alloy more than 20% than H13 steel, has better economic benefit.
Embodiment
According to the chemical ingredients scope of above-mentioned institute steel of the present invention, on the 25kg vacuum induction furnace, smelted 3 stoves steel of the present invention and 1 stove compared steel (H13), its concrete chemical ingredients is as shown in table 1.Molten steel casting becomes ingot, and makes φ 16mm, 15mm bar through forging.After the annealing of steel of the present invention and compared steel, be processed into sample, through quench, temper (1000 ℃ of quenchings, 510～650 ℃ of tempering), its room-temperature mechanical property sees Table 2～5.
Steel of the present invention has the comprehensive mechanical performance suitable with compared steel, has higher impelling strength than compared steel, and the back of quenching is 510～650 ℃ of tempering, and the hardness of steel of the present invention, tensile strength, anti-temper resistance are suitable with compared steel.
1. through (1000 ℃ of the steel quenching temperatures of the present invention of quenching, 1030 ℃ of compared steel quenching temperatures), after high temperature (510～650 ℃) tempering, steel of the present invention hardness, intensity when tempering below 600 ℃ are lower than compared steel, when 600,650 ℃ of tempering and compared steel quite (seeing Table 2,3)
Through quench, after the temper, steel drift of the present invention hits toughness and is higher than compared steel (seeing Table 4)
Through quench, after the temper, steel of the present invention and compared steel red hardness, anti-softening power are suitable.(seeing Table 5)
The chemical ingredients of table 1 steel embodiment of the present invention and compared steel, weight %
| Steel grade | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | V | W | Nb | P | S | Fe |
| Steel 1# of the present invention | 0.40 | 1.03 | 0.38 | 2.97 | 0.52 | 0.33 | 0.92 | 0.14 | 0.012 | 0.006 | Surplus |
| Steel 2# of the present invention | 0.38 | 0.95 | 0.33 | 2.85 | 0.48 | 0.28 | 0.98 | 0.09 | 0.018 | 0.009 | Surplus |
| Steel 3# of the present invention | 0.41 | 1.07 | 0.44 | 3.13 | 0.54 | 0.41 | 1.08 | 0.14 | 0.021 | 0.011 | Surplus |
| Compared steel | 0.44 | 0.94 | 0.41 | 4.69 | 1.22 | 0.84 | / | / | 0.0096 | 0.006 | Surplus |
Table 2 steel embodiment of the present invention and 1000 ℃ of quenching differing tempss of compared steel tempered hardness value
The tensile strength table of table 3 steel embodiment of the present invention and compared steel
The impelling strength table of table 4 steel embodiment of the present invention and compared steel
The anti-temper softening hardness data sheet (HRC) of table 5 steel embodiment of the present invention and compared steel
Claims (1)
1. one kind low chromium hot-work die steel, the concrete chemical ingredients (weight %) that it is characterized in that this steel is: C:0.38-0.42%, Si:0.9-1.1%, S≤0.030%, P≤0.030%, Mn:0.3-0.5%, W:0.9-1.2%, Mo:0.45-0.55%, Cr:2.8-3.2%, V:0.25-0.45%, Nb:0.08-0.15%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008101013395A CN101240399B (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2008-03-05 | Low-chromium low-cost hot working die steel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008101013395A CN101240399B (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2008-03-05 | Low-chromium low-cost hot working die steel |
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| CN101240399A CN101240399A (en) | 2008-08-13 |
| CN101240399B true CN101240399B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102242316B (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 江苏环立板带轧辊有限公司 | H13 die steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN103468910A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-25 | 吴国林 | Production process for safety buffering beam assembly of passenger car |
| CN106191694B (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2019-04-09 | 左其福 | It is hot-forged warm extrusion cold punching tool and mould dual-purpose steel |
| CN107419187A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-12-01 | 太仓旺美模具有限公司 | A kind of hot die steel |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5207843A (en) * | 1991-07-31 | 1993-05-04 | Latrobe Steel Company | Chromium hot work steel |
| CN1671876A (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2005-09-21 | 尤迪霍尔姆工具公司 | Steel and mould tool for plastic materials made of the steel |
| CN1714159A (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2005-12-28 | 工业钢克鲁梭公司 | Method for making an abrasion resistant steel plate and plate obtained |
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2008
- 2008-03-05 CN CN2008101013395A patent/CN101240399B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5207843A (en) * | 1991-07-31 | 1993-05-04 | Latrobe Steel Company | Chromium hot work steel |
| CN1671876A (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2005-09-21 | 尤迪霍尔姆工具公司 | Steel and mould tool for plastic materials made of the steel |
| CN1714159A (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2005-12-28 | 工业钢克鲁梭公司 | Method for making an abrasion resistant steel plate and plate obtained |
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Assignee: Advanced Steel Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Central Iron & Steel Research Institute Contract record no.: 2011990000830 Denomination of invention: Low-chromium low-cost hot working die steel Granted publication date: 20100602 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20080813 Record date: 20110829 |