CN1012388B - Method for rapidly measuring mechanical property of cast iron - Google Patents
Method for rapidly measuring mechanical property of cast ironInfo
- Publication number
- CN1012388B CN1012388B CN 86107807 CN86107807A CN1012388B CN 1012388 B CN1012388 B CN 1012388B CN 86107807 CN86107807 CN 86107807 CN 86107807 A CN86107807 A CN 86107807A CN 1012388 B CN1012388 B CN 1012388B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mechanical property
- present
- cast iron
- eigenwert
- analysis curve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- DBUTVDSHVUGWOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ni].[Cr].[Ni] Chemical compound [Si].[Ni].[Cr].[Ni] DBUTVDSHVUGWOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for rapidly measuring the mechanical property of cast iron and a device thereof, which is used for rapidly measuring the mechanical property of the cast iron. The present invention is characterized in that the present invention uses the sum of liquid-line temperature TL, maximum cooling speed KB after primary-crystal conversion on a differential analyzing curved line and a time interval tau3 of a starting point of eutectic-crystal conversion to a peak point of the eutectic-crystal conversion as a characteristic value of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention can well counteract the influence of the fluctuation of casting temperature on the mechanical property, and the present invention has high accuracy because microcomputer is achieved. The measuring errors of the tensile strength and the hardness of the present invention can be smaller than (+/-)7%, and the characteristic value of (KB+tau3) can effectively overcome the bad influence of the fluctuation of the casting temperature on the measurement of the mechanical property.
Description
A kind of iron machine performance rapid test method is the tensile strength sigma that is used at casting process real-time estimate cast iron
bWith hardness HB, it is the method that a kind of eigenwert by thermal analysis curve and differential analysis curve is forecast the iron machine performance.Polish scholar S.Jura had once delivered the paper of a piece " differential analysis of cast iron solidified process " by name in the 46th international casting annual meeting in 1979, forecast the tensile strength and the hardness of cast iron first with the eigenwert of thermal analysis curve and differential analysis curve, he is with T
L(liquidus temperature on the thermal analysis curve), maximum cooling velocity after primary crystal changes on the KB(differential analysis curve) and three amounts such as β (the differential analysis curve of eutectic section is with respect to the inclination angle of time coordinate) be used as the eigenwert of its regression curve, the regression equation between its iron machine performance and the eigenwert is:
σ
b＝a
1+b
1T
L+c
1β+d
1（KB）
2
HB＝a
2+b
2T
L+c
2β+d
2KB
Wherein, a
1, b
1, c
1, d
1, a
2, b
2, c
2And d
2Be constant term, can do suitable adjustment according to the starting material of cast iron and the variation of smelting technology.The regression equation that this author proposes is:
σ
b＝-552.6+4.95×10
-4T
L+8.4β-0.16（KB）
2
HB＝-1105.2+1.14T
L-1.32β-1.15KB
Its corresponding determinator is made up of thermopair, ratio-differentiator, registering instrument and stabilized voltage supply, and figure sees Fig. 1.The rationale of this differential analysis rapid test method is: in the technological parameter and pouring temperature one timing of sample, owing to solid phase and liquid phase ratio change under the condition that the thermal capacity that causes changes, the pace of change of specimen temperature (being cooling velocity) can directly reflect the casting solidification rate variations, and the casting solidification rate variations can reflect the forming core and the growing state of alloy structure and determining to solidify after metallographic structure.Therefore, some time parameters of rate of temperature change on the differential analysis curve and taking-up thus can further describe alloy organizing and corresponding mechanical property.Wherein, eigenwert T
LBe to have reflected the influence of chemical analysis to mechanical property, KB has then reflected the influence of the pace of change of specimen temperature to mechanical property, its major defect of above-mentioned regression equation that Polish scholar S.Jura proposed is: it does not reflect the influence of the fluctuation of pouring temperature to KB, KB was not constant just when the molten iron of same composition fluctuateed when pouring temperature: when pouring temperature is high, cooling velocity is slower, and the KB value is just little; Otherwise then big, if the measurement mechanism low precision, its error can fail to be used for to produce up to about 10% always.Feature of the present invention is: with eigenwert (KB+ τ
3) replace KB, wherein τ
3Be meant: eutectic transformation began to the time interval between the eutectic transformation peak dot on the differential analysis curve.Pouring temperature is to τ
3Influence just opposite to the influence of KB with it: eutectic transformation time lengthening when pouring temperature is high, τ
3Value is then big, otherwise just littler.Thereby employing (KB+ τ
3) make eigenwert and can offset the pouring temperature fluctuation influence to cooling velocity, the regression equation between its eigenwert and the mechanical property is as follows:
σ
b＝a′
1+b′
1T
L+c′
1（KB+τ
3）
HB＝a′
2+b′
2T
L+c′
2（KB+τ
3）
Wherein, a '
1, b '
1, c '
1, a '
2, b '
2And c '
2Be constant term, can do suitable adjustment according to the starting material of cast iron and the variation of smelting technology.In addition, device block diagram of the present invention is seen shown in Figure 2.Be characterized in: it is a microcomputerization.After amplifier had received the signal that thermopair comes, its output was just delivered in one 12 the A/D converter by a negative pressure cut-off circuit, delivers in the microcomputer after being changed by the latter again and goes.In addition, for cold junction compensation and the zero shift that solves thermopair, between thermopair and amplifier, sealed in a compensating circuit again.Amplifier adopts automatic balancing circuit.Owing to have above characteristics, the error at measurment of employing this method and device back mechanical property can be less than 7%.
Embodiment:
The used device block diagram of this method is seen Fig. 2, wherein,
Sample cup: be of a size of 35 * 35 * 70mm.Middle placement diameter is 3mm, and wall thickness is the quartz protecting tube of 0.5mm.
Thermopair: the high precision nickel chromium-nickel silicon thermocouple is placed in the quartz protecting tube.Its long-term serviceability temperature of thermopair is 1000 ℃, and the short-term serviceability temperature can reach 1300 ℃.In order to protect temperature measurement accuracy, adopt high frequency thristor to swash the welding of arc 77-1 type argon shield thermopair welding machine.
Amplifier: adopt cheap 791C, 7910 amplifiers and 3DJ7F field effect transistor have been formed two-stage serial connection amplifier, on circuit structure, adopt the form of binary channels chopper-stabilized DC amplifier, its actual enlargement factor is 500 times, the normal temperature drift of whole amplifier was less than 20 μ v/12 hours, and the linearity is better than 0.02%.
12 A/D converter negative pressure all are general circuit by reaching compensating circuit.
Main frame: select the TP801 single card microcomputer for use.
Experimental technique
1, asks tensile strength sigma
bWith liquidus temperature T
L(τ
3+ KB) regression equation:, make σ respectively by a large amount of experiments
bWith T
L, σ
bWith (KB+ τ
3) scatter diagram, again experimental data is carried out simple linear regression analysis, find out σ respectively
bWith T
L, σ
bWith (KB+ τ
3) the simple regression equation.But consider T
LWith (KB+ τ
3) be to σ from two different angles of chemical analysis and cooling velocity
bExert an influence, carry out binary linear regression, can draw its last regression equation and be so only need these two eigenwerts are put together:
σ
b＝-111.9042+0.1041T
L+0.1699（KB+τ
3）。
2, ask hardness HB and T
L(KB+ τ
3) regression equation:
By step same as described above and method, can obtain its last regression equation and be:
HB＝-495.8962+0.5884T
L+0.2104（KB+τ
3）
More than used eigenwert T
L, KB and τ
3All be by a large amount of experiments, draw that its curve map is seen Fig. 3 from heat analysis and differential analysis curve.
Last error analysis please be shown in Table 1, with σ
bAnd the HB relative error is generally below 7%.
Table 1 and σ
bAnd the measurement data table of the calculating relative error of HB
Numbering σ
b(WRZ-1 type) N/mm
2σ
b(puller system) N/mm
2Relative error (%)
1-1 373.97 372.5 0.4
1-2 382.49 386.81 1.1
1-3 365.72 354.47 0.7
1-4 363.48 362.11 0.3
1-5 351.62 334.18 6.5
1-6 359.46 347.70 3.7
1-7 348.59 343.20 0.15
2-1 252.74 259.99 2.7
2-2 263.03 280.67 6.3
2-3 304.00 302.72 0.4
2-4 332.32 316.44 5.0
2-5 335.94 321.83 4.4
2-6 340.84 345.74 1.4
2-7 349.27 353.49 1.2
2-8 320.26 319.97 0.1
2-9 340.45 352.02 3.2
3-1 332.91 319.68 4.1
3-2 337.71 342.31 1.3
3-3 325.07 314.09 3.5
3-4 324.58 304.39 6.6
Continuous table 1,
Numbering HB(WRZ-1 type) relative error (%) HB(sclerometer)
1-1 251 269 6.7
1-2 258 257 0.4
1-3 250 253 1.2
1-4 256 266 3.8
1-5 253 246 2.8
1-6 255 246 3.7
1-7 252 244 3.2
2-1 212 211 0.5
2-2 216 215 0.5
2-3 225 230 2.6
2-4 236 236 0.0
2-5 241 236 2.1
2-6 241 232 3.9
2-7 243 253 4.0
2-8 235 231 1.7
2-9 240 252 4.8
3-1 241 239 0.8
3-2 240 257 6.6
3-3 239 234 2.1
3-4 237 239 0.8
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, differential measurement device block scheme
The 1-thermopair; The 2-ratio partly;
The 3-differential partly; 4-writes down partly
The 5-stabilized voltage supply.
Fig. 2, WRZ-1 type mechanical property fast measuring instrument block scheme
1-sample cup; The 2-thermopair;
The 3-amplifier; The 4-A/D converter;
The 5-TP801 single card microcomputer; 6-exports demonstration;
The 7-output print; The 8-magnetic tape station;
The scanning of 9-two-way.
The heat analysis of Fig. 3, casting pig and differential analysis curve
T
L-liquidus temperature (G);
Maximum cooling velocity (G/ second) after the KB-primary crystal changes;
τ
3On-differential analysis the curve, eutectic transformation began to the time interval (second) between the eutectic transformation peak dot;
Claims (1)
1, iron machine performance rapid assay methods is that a kind of the forecast by the eigenwert on the differential analysis curve of cooling curve is characterized in that it is with T at the method for cast iron
L(KB+ τ
3) return as eigenwert, for casting pig, corresponding regression equation is between eigenwert and the mechanical property:
σ
b=a′
1+b′
1T
L+C′
1(KB+τ
3)
HB=a′
2+b′
2T
L+G′
2(KB+τ
3)
Wherein, T
LBe the liquidus temperature on the thermal analysis curve, KB is the maximum cooling velocity after primary crystal changes on the differential analysis curve, τ
3For eutectic transformation on the differential analysis curve begins to the time interval between the eutectic transformation peak dot, a '
1, b '
1, c '
1, a '
2, b '
2, c '
2All be constant term, can do suitable adjustment according to the starting material of cast iron and the variation of smelting technology.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86107807 CN1012388B (en) | 1986-11-13 | 1986-11-13 | Method for rapidly measuring mechanical property of cast iron |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86107807 CN1012388B (en) | 1986-11-13 | 1986-11-13 | Method for rapidly measuring mechanical property of cast iron |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86107807A CN86107807A (en) | 1988-05-25 |
| CN1012388B true CN1012388B (en) | 1991-04-17 |
Family
ID=4803683
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 86107807 Expired CN1012388B (en) | 1986-11-13 | 1986-11-13 | Method for rapidly measuring mechanical property of cast iron |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1012388B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104049069B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-02-10 | 清华大学 | A kind of microstructure of grey cast iron performance stokehold fast assessing method |
| CN105548242A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-05-04 | 苏锦琪 | Method and device for measuring content of carbon and chromium in chromium-containing molten white cast iron by thermal analysis method |
-
1986
- 1986-11-13 CN CN 86107807 patent/CN1012388B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN86107807A (en) | 1988-05-25 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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| C13 | Decision | ||
| GR02 | Examined patent application | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |