CN101238866B - Degradation method of aflatoxin - Google Patents
Degradation method of aflatoxin Download PDFInfo
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- CN101238866B CN101238866B CN2008100266264A CN200810026626A CN101238866B CN 101238866 B CN101238866 B CN 101238866B CN 2008100266264 A CN2008100266264 A CN 2008100266264A CN 200810026626 A CN200810026626 A CN 200810026626A CN 101238866 B CN101238866 B CN 101238866B
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- 229930195730 Aflatoxin Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
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- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a degradation method of aflatoxin, which includes treating the material containing aflatoxin through the combination role ultraviolet light, microwave and light wave, that is degradating aflatoxin on the surface of material through the role of ultraviolet light, which is enhanced by light wave, pyrolysising aflatoxin in the material through the role of microwave, which allows the surface of the material and the inner part of the aflatoxin to absorb energy from the outside to the inside and at the same time pyrolysising and removing it. The invention is easy to operate and has good degradation effect, which is suitable for degradating aflatoxin in peanut, peanut kernel, peanut oil, coix seed crop, coix seed rice, corn or feed and controlling aflatoxin content, and has high application valve and market potential.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to food processing and fresh-keeping field, be specifically related to a kind of biodegrading process of aflatoxin.
Background technology
Peanut cultivated area in China oil crops is only second to rape and occupies second, but gross output, per unit area yield and export volume rank first.China is maximum in the world peanut producing country, and peanut gross annual output amount continues to surpass India and occupies first place in the world.Existing China peanut cultivation area is greater than 5025khm
2, gross output accounts for more than 44.04% of world's gross output greater than 15006kt.
China is again simultaneously one of maximum in the world peanut exported country, annual export volume reaches more than the 400kt at present, be the main foreign exchange earning agricultural product of China, have stronger competitiveness in the international market, main exit is to countries and regions such as European Union, Japan, Southeast Asia and the Middle East.According to Ministry of Agriculture's prediction, China's peanut cultivation scale will increase about 30% in 15 years from now on, and gross output increases more than 80%.
Aflatoxin (aflatoxin is called for short AFT) is the toxicity secondary metabolic product of a class by generations such as aspergillus flavus aspergillus parasiticuses, is universally acknowledged carcinogen, AFB wherein
1Be present known the strongest carcinogenic substance in the world, classified as 1A class carcinogenic substance by WHO, very big to human health risk.
Animal experiment shows that aflatoxin can bring out animal liver cancer, also can bring out stomach, kidney, rectum, mammary gland, ovary and carcinoma of small intestine.In various aflatoxin, AFTB
1Be the strongest carcinogenic substance of finding so far of effect, its toxicity is 10 times of potassium cyanide, 68 times of arsenic, and the strength ratio N-nitrosodimethylamine that it brings out liver cancer is strong 75 times, and is stronger 4000 times than 3,4 BaPs.In in the past 25 years, the epidemiological study that carry out in Asia and Africa discloses the incidence of disease significant correlation of the absorption of aflatoxin and primary carcinoma of liver.Especially it should be noted that the infection of hepatitis type B virus, can make the aflatoxin carciongenic potency increase by 30 times.Therefore, international cancer research institution is with AFTB
1Classify human carcinogenic substance as.But because there is not a dosage that is perfectly safe in this carcinogenic substance, even low again dosage also might cause gene damage, and this damage just may cause cancer through accumulation, does not therefore formulate safe intake in the world.
It should be noted that in addition aflatoxin is insensitive to heat, 100 ℃/20h can not be with its whole destructions, and boiling, fried etc. all can not be removed aflatoxin, thus the hygienist to advocate the best approach tackle aflatoxin be prevention.
Covered peanut, shelled peanut, peanut oil are food or the edible oils that liked by the consumer.Peanut in the field, links such as storage and processing are easy to generate aflatoxin, this is because the growth of Aspergillus flavus is lower to environment requirement.Suitable growth of aspergillus flavus bacterium and the malicious condition of product are: 10～45 ℃ of growth temperature ranges, optimal temperature is 30 ℃, humidity is 85%, the malicious temperature of suitable product is 24～30 ℃, after the aspergillus flavus mycelia is infected peanut, 24～36h just can reach optimum growth speed, and 6～8d can produce aflatoxin contamination.Studies confirm that the peanut of a severe contamination (100ug) (0.5g/ grain) is sneaked in 10000 (about 5kg) peanuts, the average level of aflatoxin contamination is 20ug/kg (AFTB
1Is 10 μ g/d to rat with the mouth carcinogenicity test).
On the other hand, along with the raising of people to the requirement of peanut food aflatoxin sanitary index, main peanut import markets, the world such as European Union, Japan, Australia, Korea S, Middle East, Southeast Asia and Hong Kong and Macao have proposed strict more requirement to the standard of the aflatoxin of import peanut, and limiting the quantity of of the AFT of China's up-to-date peanut aflatoxin content standard GB 2761-2005 regulation peanut and goods thereof is≤20ug/kg (B1); The peanut AFT of the main peanut importing country in the world limits the quantity of and is≤2ug-15ug/kg (B1+B2+G1+G2), or must not detect (Japan) in food.
Yet, because China's peanut cultivation production, preservation and freshness, processing and trade personnel's peanut food quality safety consciousness is not strong, add China for a long time antenatal to peanut, produce in and the reasons such as insufficient investment of the scientific research in postpartum, the AFT content overproof situation of peanut is serious after causing adopting, China's peanut competitiveness on the market at home and abroad in serious threat, has also influenced the sound development in market at home of peanut industry.For example: since 2000; the peanut in China outlet Europe exceeds standard because of AFT; by European Union early warning circular tens times, first half of the year in 2003 only, with regard to early warning more than 15 batches; 2004 are only the defeated European Union in Shandong Province peanut is reached 43 times by early warning because of AFT exceeds standard; in June, 2006, when Japan checks 3 batches of big grain peanuts of China's product, detect AFT and exceed standard; the peanut goods that is detected is destroyed, the return of goods etc., has caused massive losses for China's relevant enterprise and department.
China has at the report of the contained aflatoxin of control peanut products at present: the patent of invention " Chinese herbal medicine agent for controlling peanut flavacol and application process thereof " of Yan Chuansheng, Liu Xiuyun application; The paper report that passes through breeding method seed selection peanut aspergillus flavus-resistance mould kind of Li Suilin etc.; " reducing the Physical Processing of aflatoxin in the peanut " paper report of Zhang Chun is the purpose that realizes reducing aflatoxin by the top layer that grinding stone roller peeling machine is sloughed the peanut particle.
About the ultraviolet report of controlling aflatoxin (but being not) of employing the simple ultraviolet utility application that makes aflatoxin decomposition removal (Sun Meng congruence) of shining of utilizing is arranged at present specially at peanut aflatoxin.But ultraviolet bactericidal range is only limited to the part that ultraviolet ray can be shone, can not sterilization to the rear side of object, inside, and the ultraviolet radiation intensity of uviol lamp weakens gradually, therefore, as with the simple material of ultraviolet ray irradiation place as resembling covered peanut, shelled peanut and peanut oil, can not thoroughly remove the aflatoxin in the material.
Yet there are no identical with patent application of the present invention, special patent of invention and research report at peanut products aflatoxin biodegrading process.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of biodegrading process of aflatoxin is provided.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of biodegrading process of aflatoxin, this method is by adopting ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave Combined Treatment to the material that contains aflatoxin, and wherein, ultraviolet radiant illumination is 80～300W/m
3The frequency of described microwave is 2450MHz ± 50MHz, and operative temperature is 60 ℃～95 ℃; The power of described light wave is 4000～7500W/m
3
Above-mentioned light wave is preferably the light wave that Sunny fluorescent tube etc. sends.
The above-mentioned material that contains aflatoxin comprises peanut, shelled peanut, peanut oil, heart of a lotus seed benevolence paddy, corn or feed etc., wherein to peanut, shelled peanut and peanut oil to fall toxic effect fruit particularly remarkable.
The biodegrading process of the aflatoxin of peanut oil is provided below in detail, the steps include:
(1) peanut is gathered, and cleans the centrifugal moisture of sloughing;
(2) handle through ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy for the first time;
(3) shelling, oil expression or solvent lixiviate system oil, the crude oil refining promptly gets and takes off aflatoxin peanut oil.
If detect through aflatoxin, aflatoxin content does not also reach requirement in the refined oil that makes after poison is handled by falling for the first time, just need be after the crude oil refining in the above-mentioned steps (3), poison is handled identical method and technical parameter carries out the ultraviolet ray second time, microwave and light wave synergy processing again by falling for the first time, promptly gets and takes off aflatoxin peanut oil.
Above-mentioned shelling can be adopted the mechanical dejacketing mode, will be through falling the covered peanut shelling that poison is handled.
Above-mentioned oil expression can adopt mechanical expression method or solvent extraction method to produce crude peanut oil.
The concrete steps of above-mentioned crude oil refining are: with crude peanut oil through coming unstuck, depickling, decolouring, deodorizing technology make refined oil.
The biodegrading process of aflatoxin in the peanut of the present invention, its characteristics adopt ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy to handle exactly, that is: the aflatoxin by action of ultraviolet ray degraded material surface, strengthen ultraviolet degradation by light wave to aflatoxin, make its cracking by the aflatoxin of microwave action, thereby from outward appearance to inner essence allow material surface and inner aflatoxin can both absorb energy simultaneously and the cracking removal in the inside of material.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: 1. method employing ultraviolet ray of the present invention, microwave and light wave synergy can from outward appearance to inner essence allow material surface and inner aflatoxin can both absorb energy simultaneously and the cracking removal; 2. method of the present invention is convenient and simple for operation, and aflatoxin degradation is effective, has very high using value and market potential.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method who takes off the peanut oil of aflatoxin, its step is as follows:
A. peanut is gathered
Select the fine day peanut of gathering, select that not have the new fresh peanut that goes rotten be raw material;
B. clean
Peanut after gathering is in time cleaned, go mud, impurity elimination;
C. centrifugal dehydration
Adopt stainless steel link-suspended basket centrifuge etc. in time to slough the moisture on peanut surface the covered peanut after cleaning;
D. ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy are handled for the first time:
With sloughing of the synergy of the covered peanut of moisture, fall poison and handle through ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave.Symphyogenetic ultraviolet radiation illumination is 90W/m
3Microwave frequency is 2450MHz, and operative temperature is 75 ℃; The power of light wave is 5000W/m
3
E. shelling
Adopt the mechanical dejacketing mode, will be through falling the covered peanut shelling that poison is handled.
F. oil expression
Adopt mechanical expression method or solvent extraction method to produce crude peanut oil.
G. crude oil refining
With crude peanut oil through coming unstuck, depickling, decolouring, deodorizing technology make refined oil.
By the peanut oil that obtains after the above-mentioned technology, aflatoxin degradation or aflatoxin content reach export standard fully through check.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method who takes off the peanut oil of aflatoxin, its step is as follows:
A. peanut is gathered
Select the fine day peanut of gathering, select that not have the new fresh peanut that goes rotten be raw material;
B. clean
Peanut after gathering is in time cleaned, go mud, impurity elimination;
C. centrifugal dehydration
Adopt stainless steel link-suspended basket centrifuge etc. in time to slough the moisture on peanut surface the covered peanut after cleaning;
D. ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy are handled for the first time:
With sloughing of the synergy of the covered peanut of moisture, fall poison and handle through ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave.Symphyogenetic ultraviolet radiation illumination is 300W/m
3Microwave frequency is 2500MHz, and operative temperature is 95 ℃; The power of light wave is 7000W/m
3
E. shelling
Adopt the mechanical dejacketing mode, will be through falling the covered peanut shelling that poison is handled.
F. oil expression
Adopt mechanical expression method or solvent extraction method to produce crude peanut oil.
G. crude oil refining
With crude peanut oil through coming unstuck, depickling, decolouring, deodorizing technology make refined oil.
H. ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy are handled for the second time:
The refined oil that previous step is obtained carries out the aflatoxin detection, found that aflatoxin content does not also reach requirement in the refined oil that makes after poison is handled by falling for the first time, therefore this refined oil is carried out the ultraviolet ray second time, microwave and light wave synergy and handle, symphyogenetic ultraviolet radiation illumination is 200W/m
3Microwave frequency is 2400MHz, and operative temperature is 80 ℃; The power of light wave is 6000W/m
3
By the peanut oil that obtains after the above-mentioned technology, aflatoxin degradation or aflatoxin content reach export standard fully through check.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method who takes off the seed of Job's tears of aflatoxin, its step is as follows:
A. the heart of a lotus seed benevolence of gathering paddy
Select the fine day heart of a lotus seed benevolence paddy of gathering, select pollution-free, not have the fresh heart of a lotus seed benevolence paddy that goes rotten be raw material;
B. shelling
Adopt shelling modes such as artificial or machinery,, get seed of Job's tears the shelling of heart of a lotus seed benevolence paddy;
C. ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy are handled:
With the synergy of seed of Job's tears, fall poison and handle through ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave.Symphyogenetic ultraviolet radiation illumination is 250W/m
3Microwave frequency is 2450MHz, and operative temperature is 60 ℃; The power of light wave is 4000W/m
3
D. vacuum-packed
To carry out vacuum packaging through the seed of Job's tears that ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy are handled.
By the seed of Job's tears that obtain after the above-mentioned technology, aflatoxin degradation or aflatoxin content reach export standard fully through check.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method who takes off the feed of aflatoxin, its step is as follows:
A. will have all feeds that processing method is produced now, and, fall poison and handle through the synergy of ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave.Symphyogenetic ultraviolet radiation illumination is 200W/m
3Microwave frequency is 2500MHz, and operative temperature is 70 ℃; The power of light wave is 5500W/m
3
B. vacuum-packed
To handle the vacuum packaging of carrying out of feed through ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy.
By the feed that obtains after the above-mentioned technology, greatly reduce aflatoxin content after testing or aflatoxin is removed fully.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method who takes off the feed of aflatoxin, its step is as follows:
A. feedstuff gathers and preliminary treatment
Select the fine day vegetality feedstuff of gathering, select pollution-free, not have the fresh plant feedstuff that goes rotten be that feed processes raw material; Or with various animal foodstuff processing fents or discarded object, or various vegetable food product processing fent or discarded object, after cleaning, sloughing surface moisture, process raw material as feed;
B. dry
It is dry respectively or dry simultaneously that all feeds is processed raw material;
C. pulverize
Various dry backs feedstuff is pulverized respectively or pulverized simultaneously;
D. mix
Feedstuff after pulverizing is mixed by feed formula;
E. ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy are handled:
With the synergy of the feed that mixes, fall poison and handle through ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave.Symphyogenetic ultraviolet radiation illumination is 150W/m
3Microwave frequency is 2500MHz, and operative temperature is 80 ℃; The power of light wave is 6000W/m
3
D. pack
To carry out vacuum or antivacuum packing through what feed was handled in ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy.
By the feed that obtains after the above-mentioned technology, greatly reduce aflatoxin content after testing or aflatoxin is removed fully.
Claims (4)
1. the biodegrading process of an aflatoxin is characterized in that the material that contains aflatoxin is adopted ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave Combined Treatment; Described ultraviolet radiant illumination is 80～300W/m
3The frequency of described microwave is 2450MHz ± 50MHz, and operative temperature is 60 ℃～95 ℃; The power of described light wave is 4000～7500W/m
3The light wave that described light wave sends for the Sunny fluorescent tube; The described material that contains aflatoxin is peanut, shelled peanut, peanut oil, heart of a lotus seed benevolence paddy, seed of Job's tears, corn or feed.
2. biodegrading process according to claim 1 is characterized in that the biodegrading process of described peanut oil is:
(1) peanut is gathered, and cleans the centrifugal moisture of sloughing;
(2) handle through ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy for the first time;
(3) shelling, oil expression or solvent lixiviate system oil, the crude oil refining promptly gets and takes off aflatoxin peanut oil.
3. biodegrading process according to claim 2 is characterized in that can handling through ultraviolet ray, microwave and light wave synergy for the second time after the crude oil refining in the step (3), promptly gets and takes off aflatoxin peanut oil.
4. biodegrading process according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the crude oil refining described in the step (3) be with crude peanut oil through coming unstuck, depickling, decolouring, deodorization make refined oil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100266264A CN101238866B (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2008-03-05 | Degradation method of aflatoxin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100266264A CN101238866B (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2008-03-05 | Degradation method of aflatoxin |
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| CN101238866A CN101238866A (en) | 2008-08-13 |
| CN101238866B true CN101238866B (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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| CN101731494B (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2012-06-27 | 上海嘉里食品工业有限公司 | Method, device and system for removing aflatoxin |
| CN103190538B (en) * | 2013-02-23 | 2015-01-28 | 洛阳欧科拜克生物技术股份有限公司 | Aflatoxin B1 degradation agent and application thereof |
| CN103750084B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-12-02 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | One cultivates peanut middle aflatoxin degradation B 1method |
| CN104814368B (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2017-10-13 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of method that aflatoxin in the degraded grain storage of natural disposition insect is fitted with bacterium |
| CN104824493B (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-11-14 | 东北农业大学 | One kind is using Pleurotus citrinopileatus or mushroom to aflatoxin B1The method of degraded |
| CN107455459B (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-03-13 | 广州华大生物科技有限公司 | A kind of irradiation-induced degradation method for being used for aflatoxins in the seed of Oriental arborvitae |
| CN107625028B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2021-03-26 | 江南大学 | Method for degrading peanut aflatoxin |
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| CN111820322A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-10-27 | 海南泓缘生物科技股份有限公司 | Biodegradation method for aflatoxin in gunite corn bran |
| CN110279059B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2023-06-16 | 广西科学院 | Method for killing aspergillus flavus with assistance of microwaves |
| CN110317671A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-11 | 金胜粮油集团有限公司 | A kind of production technology process of primary first squeezing high oleic acid peanut oil |
| CN114223836A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-25 | 河南工业大学 | Method for degrading aflatoxin B in corn by microwave hydrothermal method1Method (2) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2642785Y (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2004-09-22 | 青岛润德粮油制品有限公司 | Device for removing aflatoxin of edible oil |
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2008
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2642785Y (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2004-09-22 | 青岛润德粮油制品有限公司 | Device for removing aflatoxin of edible oil |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 孙伟等.粮油制品中的黄曲霉毒素及去毒方法.《粮食与饲料工业》.1991,(第4期), * |
| 王喜萍.粮油食品中黄曲霉毒素的污染及预防措施.《食品工业科技》.2004,第25卷(第9期), * |
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