CN101237350A - Global variant exception alteration and positioning method for multi-task environment single board machine - Google Patents
Global variant exception alteration and positioning method for multi-task environment single board machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a global variable exception rewriting locating method used in a multitask environment single board computer (SBC). The method comprises the following steps that: an SBC receives a command requesting for tracking global variable rewriting during operating an edition; moreover, the command contains the tracking condition of a global variable; when the global variable is rewritten, single-step tracking is executed according to the tracking condition; during the single-step tracking, the tracking information of a writing break point is recorded and is analyzed to locate a sentence rewriting the global variable. The locating method can realize realtime locating of global variable exception rewriting of a multitask environment SBC.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the single board computer field, rewrite localization method in particular to a kind of global variant exception that is used for the multitask environment single board computer.
Background technology
In single board computer (being embedded system) multitask environment, all usually tasks are moved in same address space, like this possibility that exists global variable by mistake to be revised in whole system.Locating certain variable and be and how being revised by mistake is a difficult job, this is owing to generally can not carry out real-time tracking in the operation for embedded system process on the one hand, be because the debugging method that embedded developping system provides is very limited on the other hand, the debug function of similar VC can not be provided.
Rewrite orientation problem at global variable, some researchers have proposed certain methods at specific environment in practice process.For example, a kind of by the method got ready in state machine global variable the rewriting in finite state monitored.
But in realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that there are the following problems at least in the prior art: this method only just can detect at the monitoring unit test point, the number of test point is limited, even therefore noted the fact that variable is revised, yet need to determine concrete location revision by code analysis, if the code more complicated, the function call level is darker, and analyzing and positioning is just very difficult.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide the global variant exception that is used for the multitask environment single board computer and rewrites localization method, can solve the problem of above-mentioned adjustment method analyzing and positioning difficulty.
In an embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of global variant exception that is used for the multitask environment single board computer to rewrite localization method, may further comprise the steps: single board computer receives request and follows the tracks of the order that global variable is rewritten in the process of operation version, order comprises the tracking condition about global variable; Carrying out single step according to tracking condition when global variable is rewritten follows the tracks of; In single step was followed the tracks of, the breakpoint trace information write in record; And analyze and write the breakpoint trace information, rewrite the statement of global variable with the location.
Preferably, tracking condition comprises: the task number sign of the title of global variable, length, linear address, tracking mode, numerical value Rule of judgment and tracked task.
Preferably, the compilation phase that also is included in version generates the global variable information table, and the global variable information table is preserved the task mark number of title, length, offset address and the tracked task of global variable.
Preferably, comprise that also searching the global variable information table by tool software generates order, specifically comprise: tool software shows the global variable information table in the tabulation mode; The input of accepting the user is to select the title and the task number sign of global variable from the global variable information table; Obtain the length of global variable according to the title of global variable from the global variable information table, and calculate the linear address of variable according to the offset address of the current data sector address of single board computer and this variable; The input of accepting the user is to select tracking mode and numerical value Rule of judgment; And set up tracking condition, and be building up in the order according to the title of global variable, length, linear address, tracking mode, numerical value Rule of judgment with about the task number sign of task.
Preferably, by main frame running tool software, and the order that will generate sends to single board computer.
Preferably, the global variable information table saves as the binary file that is independent of version.
Preferably, carrying out single step according to tracking condition when global variable is rewritten follows the tracks of and specifically comprise: single board computer runnable interface function is provided with tracking condition with the debug registers at the processor of single board computer; The breakpoint information that setting is obtained is saved in the buffering area; Triggering single step interrupt response function when global variable is rewritten follows the tracks of to trigger single step; And read breakpoint information from buffering area and follow the tracks of to carry out single step.
Preferably, processor is X86 CPU, and single board computer runnable interface function is provided with tracking condition with the debug registers at the processor of single board computer and specifically comprises: the linear address of the global variable in the tracking condition is stored in the debug address register of debug registers; Tracking mode in the tracking condition and numerical value Rule of judgment are stored in the control register of debug registers, wherein, it is that write operation triggers interruption for the down trigger mode that tracking mode is set, the byte number of the point of interruption is the length of the global variable of indication in the order, the point of interruption is a global interrupt, tracking number of times to each point of interruption comprises a tracking mode and infinitely repeatedly follows the tracks of dual mode, be provided with the numerical value Rule of judgment comprise equal, be not equal to, greater than with less than.
Preferably, triggering single step interrupt response function when global variable is rewritten specifically comprises to trigger the single step tracking: the entry address of revising interrupt vector table is a single step interrupt response function.
Preferably, write the breakpoint trace information and comprise: temporal information is used to write down the time of origin that global variant exception is rewritten; The task number sign and the title of task; Value and the revised value of global variant exception before global variant exception is rewritten; The contextual information of task comprises CPU register information and stack information.
Preferably, will write the breakpoint trace information and be stored in the journal file, write the breakpoint trace information with analysis by analyzing journal file.
Preferably, also comprise: journal file is stored in the strange land.
The global variant exception of the above embodiment of the present invention is rewritten localization method and is write the breakpoint trace information analysis rewriting fact because adopt, so overcome the problem of the analyzing and positioning difficulty that the prior art code analysis brings, and then can locate global variant exception in real time at the multitask environment single board computer and rewrite.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of rewriting localization method according to the global variant exception of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the system construction drawing according to the embodiment of the invention;
The breakpoint of writing that Fig. 3 shows according to the embodiment of the invention is provided with flow chart;
Fig. 4 shows according to the process chart in the single step interruption routine of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, describe the present invention in detail.
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of rewriting localization method according to the global variant exception of the embodiment of the invention, may further comprise the steps:
Step S10, single board computer receive request and follow the tracks of the order that global variable is rewritten in the process of operation version, order comprises the tracking condition about global variable;
Step S20 carries out single step according to tracking condition and follows the tracks of when global variable is rewritten;
Step S30, in single step was followed the tracks of, the breakpoint trace information write in record; And
Step S40 analyzes and writes the breakpoint trace information, rewrites the statement of global variable with the location.
This global variant exception is rewritten localization method and is write the breakpoint trace information analysis rewriting fact because adopt, so overcome the problem of the analyzing and positioning difficulty that the prior art code analysis brings, and then can locate global variant exception in real time at the multitask environment single board computer and rewrite.
Preferably, tracking condition comprises: the task number sign of the title of global variable, length, linear address, tracking mode, numerical value Rule of judgment and tracked task.Tracking condition is meant the condition of triggering, for example, can comprise following content:
1) title of the field in variable or the variable (can be described as tracked target again), what define in this title and the program is in full accord; Title (in order to check daily record convenient), linear address, length (1,2,4 byte), comparison condition, task condition (just being that target writes down when being rewritten by some task or is indifferent to the rewriting task);
2) length of global variable, the length of tracked target is supported 1 byte at present, three kinds of 2 bytes and 4 bytes are so the length of global variable can be the global variable (as an integer variable) of certain simple types or the some fields in labyrinth variable (for example field of certain simple types in structure);
3) global variable linear address, linear address are to calculate in conjunction with variable offset address and target machine current data section in the global variable message file (being the global variable information table), do not need the user to import;
4), a tracking mode is provided and infinitely repeatedly follows the tracks of dual mode to the tracking number of times of each point of interruption; Remove relevant setting in register and the buffering area if the back takes place for a tracking mode, the condition of satisfy interrupting, otherwise do not remove;
5) condition setting of trace point numerical value, comprise equal, be not equal to, greater than, less than four kinds of conditions;
6) Tracing task No sign provides to appointed task with to all tasks and follows the tracks of dual mode, under the appointed task mode, provides at most three appointed tasks are followed the tracks of, and the judgement of task number is provided equal and be not equal to dual mode.
Can be in the version compilation phase, generate global variable information table in the version, global variable information is kept at and version independently in the file, and this document and version file are together issued.Generate the global variable information table and be by analyzing the attribute of each variable the obj file of binding from version, attribute comprises information such as type of variables, length, operation hour offset address.
The adjustment method of prior art is because detection relies on software fully, and is if under the situation that variable is more and test point is also a lot of of monitoring, influential to the systematic function meeting.And this embodiment has preset the global variable information table, utilizes presupposed information to generate tracking condition, so alleviated the amount of calculation of single board computer, has reduced the performance impact to single board computer.
The global variable message file can adopt the binary mode of fixed structure to preserve the file size when this can reduce to issue.
Preferably, the compilation phase that also is included in version generates the global variable information table, and the global variable information table is preserved the task mark number of title, length, offset address and the tracked task of global variable.
Preferably, comprise that also searching the global variable information table by tool software generates order, specifically comprise: tool software shows the global variable information table in the tabulation mode; The input of accepting the user is to select the title and the task number sign of global variable from the global variable information table; Obtain the length of global variable according to the title of global variable from the global variable information table, and calculate the linear address of variable according to the offset address of the current data sector address of single board computer and this variable; The input of accepting the user is to select tracking mode and numerical value Rule of judgment; And set up tracking condition, and be building up in the order according to the title of global variable, length, linear address, tracking mode, numerical value Rule of judgment with about the task number sign of task.
For example, can provide an independently tool software, this software is mainly analyzed the global variable message file, with graphical interfaces all variable informations is shown to the user, provides simultaneously to follow the tracks of the function that is provided with; When needs were followed the tracks of the global variable rewriting, running tool software was at first opened the global variable message file, to target machine tracking condition is set at named variable or field by the interface.
Preferably, by main frame running tool software, and the order that will generate sends to single board computer (that is target machine).Target machine generally by TCP/IP or other communication modes and main-machine communication, can be controlled target machine by main frame.
Preferably, the global variable information table saves as the binary file that is independent of version.
Preferably, step S20 specifically comprises: single board computer runnable interface function is provided with tracking condition with the debug registers at the processor of single board computer; The breakpoint information that setting is obtained is saved in the buffering area; Triggering single step interrupt response function when global variable is rewritten follows the tracks of to trigger single step; And read breakpoint information from buffering area and follow the tracks of to carry out single step.
On single board computer, interface function and single step interrupt response function according to tracking variable condition setting debug registers are provided, and the buffering area (this buffering area can be referred to as tracking variable information data buffering area) of preserving all debug registers is provided.For example, target machine calls debug registers interface function is set after receiving the order that main frame sends, and finishes the tracking condition setting, information is saved in the tracking variable information data buffering area after being provided with successfully.This buffering area can be used to write down all variable informations that breakpoint has been set and debug registers information.
Preferably, processor is X86 CPU, and single board computer runnable interface function is provided with tracking condition with the debug registers at the processor of single board computer and specifically comprises: the linear address of the global variable in the tracking condition is stored in the debug address register of debug registers; Tracking mode in the tracking condition and numerical value Rule of judgment are stored in the control register of debug registers, wherein, it is that write operation triggers interruption for the down trigger mode that tracking mode is set, the byte number of the point of interruption is the length of the global variable of indication in the order, the point of interruption is a global interrupt, tracking number of times to each point of interruption comprises a tracking mode and infinitely repeatedly follows the tracks of dual mode, be provided with the numerical value Rule of judgment comprise equal, be not equal to, greater than with less than.
Specifically, for example debug registers is the debug registers that carries on the X86 CPU, comprises, wherein DR0～DR3 is the debug address register, is used to preserve the linear address of the point of interruption, so at most 4 trace points can be set simultaneously in this method; DR7 is a control register, is used to be provided with the information of the point of interruption, for example is that read operation triggers interruption or the write operation triggering is interrupted, the byte number of the point of interruption, and the point of interruption is global interrupt or local interruption etc.; DR6 is an interrupt status register, and when the point of interruption that is provided with was accessed, single board computer was provided with the corresponding bright interrupt condition of bit table and is triggered in DR6.
The interface function that debug registers is set receives the interrupt condition of user's appointment, comprises break address, point of interruption byte number, reads to interrupt or write interruption, then corresponding debug registers is provided with.
Single step interrupt response function can be an interruption routine, triggers interruption by CPU when the interrupt condition that is provided with satisfies, and single step interrupt response function is called.Preferably, single step interrupt response function is set finishes, the single step interrupt response function that provides in this method is provided in the entry address that single step in the interrupt vector table is interrupted by revising the single board computer interrupt vector table.In case the global variable that is provided with is rewritten, single board computer triggers single step according to the condition that is provided with in the debug registers and follows the tracks of interruption routine, thereby calls the single step interrupt function that single board computer provides.
Preferably, writing the breakpoint trace information comprises:
1) temporal information is used to write down the time of origin that global variant exception is rewritten;
2) the task number sign and the title of task;
3) value and the revised value of global variant exception before global variant exception is rewritten;
4) contextual information of task comprises CPU register information and stack information.
Preferably, will write the breakpoint trace information is stored in the journal file.For example, in carrying out single step interrupt response function, the breakpoint trace information write in record, be saved in and write in the breakpoint journal file, and can pass to main frame in real time, write the breakpoint trace information with analysis by analyzing journal file, can orient the statement of rewriting variable, thereby finish fault location.The form of writing the breakpoint journal file can be a text.
Preferably, also comprise: journal file is stored in the strange land.For example, write the breakpoint journal file and be delivered to main frame from target machine by the intercommunication passage in real time, a main frame can be convenient to centralized management to collecting the journal file of a plurality of target machines.
Fig. 2 shows the system construction drawing according to the embodiment of the invention, and this system is made up of target machine T and main frame H two parts, is connected by the tcp/ip communication mode between target machine and the main frame, adopts proprietary protocol communication.Target machine is an embedded system, finishes main business and handles (as call treatment etc.), comprises variable in the target machine software and rewrites following function module T01.Be provided on the main frame writing the implementing procedure H01 that breakpoint is provided with, make things convenient for the user on main frame, to finish and write the breakpoint setting.The variable of this embodiment is rewritten to follow the tracks of and is finished jointly by target machine and main frame, generates global variable message file H02 in target machine software systems compilation process, and this document need be put on the main frame.When the variable of target machine is rewritten tracking module T01 initialization single step is installed and follows the tracks of interruption routine and breakpoint information buffering area T02, any tracking breakpoint is not set this moment.When the user need follow the tracks of the variable rewriting, running tool software H01 on main frame, open global variable message file H02 by tool software, tool software shows all global variable information in the mode of graphical interfaces, comprise name variable, the structural information of variable, the offset address of variable, be connected to target machine then, after the successful connection on the interface choice variable or field, after being set, the breakpoint attribute sends a command to target machine, target machine receives after the order at first to the setting of CPU debug registers, breakpoint information is saved in the buffering area after being provided with successfully.When the code in the target machine system is rewritten the variable that the breakpoint place is set, operating system will be called the single step interruption routine that realizes installation, whether needs write down this interruption according to the condition judgment that is provided with of breakpoint in the interruption routine, if desired log file T03 according to fixed format then.Journal file T03 is sent to main frame H by the communication port between target machine and the main frame, and main frame saves as H03 with journal file.Analyze in conjunction with journal file H03 on the main frame and corresponding edition code, can orient the statement of rewriting variable.
Write the breakpoint flow process below in conjunction with Fig. 3 explanation setting on main frame H, may further comprise the steps:
Step 20: choice variable or field on tool software, the breakpoint attribute is set, issue breakpoint by the SetBreak order to target machine order is set;
Step 21: target machine is provided with the value of CPU debug registers according to command information;
Step 22: after the debug registers success is set, the breakpoint setting is saved in the breakpoint information buffering area, and returns setting to main frame and reply SetBreakAck;
Step 23: main frame receive target machine successful respond is set after, the prompting user success is set;
After the variable that the user is provided with was rewritten, the handling process of interruption routine comprised the steps: below in conjunction with Fig. 4 explanation
Step 30: the task number Tno that obtains the task of causing current interruption;
Step 31: obtain the currency of all CPU debug registers,, obtain the register number DRIndex that preserves current interrupt address according to the value among the debug status register DR6;
Step 32:, obtain the buffering area of preserving current breakpoint information according to DRIndex;
Step 33: according to breakpoint information, some task number is followed the tracks of if this breakpoint has been specified, if execution in step 34 then, otherwise execution in step 35;
Step 34: judge whether Tno satisfies the task number tracking condition of breakpoint appointment, if satisfy then execution in step 35, otherwise execution in step 39 directly withdraws from;
Step 35: the byte length that is provided with according to breakpoint (three kinds of 1 byte, 2 bytes or 4 bytes), obtain the currency of interrupt address in the address of preserving from debug registers DRIndex;
Step 36: need relatively currency and initial value if breakpoint is provided with, then execution in step 37, otherwise execution in step 38;
Step 37: if the condition that breakpoint currency and initial value relatively satisfy to be provided with (comprise equal, be not equal to, greater than, less than etc. condition), then execution in step 38, otherwise execution in step 39 directly withdraws from;
Step 38: according to fixed format the breakpoint journal file write in record;
Step 39: withdraw from interruption routine;
From top implementation method and embodiment are described as can be seen, the global variant exception of the above embodiment of the present invention is rewritten localization method, can provide flexibly global variable to be rewritten to follow the tracks of to be provided with and perfect program information record, can will rewrite location positioning to program and statement; Therefore can be for the field failure analysis provide strong help, thus the maintainable and stable of system improved; Be not subjected to the influence of system version change, when increasing fresh code, do not need to increase the relevant code of any tracking with variable.Specifically, have following superiority:
Can rewrite tracking to any global variable.Because it is to be built in the version that writing on the target machine interrupted tracking module, the variable or being provided with of field that need to follow the tracks of are set can be provided with by the software on the main frame, therefore can rewrite tracking to any global variable in the version.
Fault location is simple and accurate.Record to write the breakpoint recorded information abundant, the situation of being rewritten unusually for variable, as long as in conjunction with the journal file and the version source code of record, just can location code capable.
Easy for operation.By the specific purpose tool software on the main frame global variable message file that generates in the compiling is handled, provided in the mode of graphic interface tracking condition is set, do not need professional knowledge skillfully to use.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned each module of the present invention or each step can realize with the general calculation device, they can concentrate on the single calculation element, perhaps be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation element forms, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in the storage device and carry out by calculation element, perhaps they are made into each integrated circuit modules respectively, perhaps a plurality of modules in them or step are made into the single integrated circuit module and realize.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a global variant exception that is used for the multitask environment single board computer is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Described single board computer receives request and follows the tracks of the order that global variable is rewritten in the process of operation version, described order comprises the tracking condition about described global variable;
Carrying out single step according to described tracking condition when described global variable is rewritten follows the tracks of;
In described single step was followed the tracks of, the breakpoint trace information write in record; And
Analyze the described breakpoint trace information of writing, rewrite the statement of described global variable with the location.
2. global variant exception according to claim 1 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that described tracking condition comprises:
The task number sign of the title of described global variable, length, linear address, tracking mode, numerical value Rule of judgment and tracked task.
3. global variant exception according to claim 2 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
Compilation phase at described version generates the global variable information table, and described global variable information table is preserved the task mark number of title, length, offset address and the tracked task of described global variable.
4. global variant exception according to claim 3 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that, comprises that also searching described global variable information table by tool software generates described order, specifically comprises:
Described tool software shows described global variable information table in the tabulation mode;
The input of accepting the user is to select the title and the task number sign of described global variable from described global variable information table;
Obtain the length of described global variable according to the title of described global variable from described global variable information table, and calculate the linear address of described variable according to the offset address of the current data sector address of described single board computer and this variable;
The input of accepting the user is to select tracking mode and numerical value Rule of judgment; And
Set up tracking condition according to the title of described global variable, length, linear address, tracking mode, numerical value Rule of judgment with about the task number sign of described task, and be building up in the described order.
5. global variant exception according to claim 4 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that, move described tool software by main frame, and the described order that will generate sends to described single board computer.
6. global variant exception according to claim 1 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that described global variable information table saves as the binary file that is independent of described version.
7. global variant exception according to claim 1 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that, carries out the single step tracking according to described tracking condition and specifically comprise when described global variable is rewritten:
Described single board computer runnable interface function is provided with described tracking condition with the debug registers at the processor of described single board computer;
The breakpoint information that setting is obtained is saved in the buffering area;
Triggering single step interrupt response function when described global variable is rewritten follows the tracks of to trigger described single step; And
Reading described breakpoint information from described buffering area follows the tracks of to carry out described single step.
8. global variant exception according to claim 7 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that, described processor is X86 CPU, and described single board computer runnable interface function is provided with described tracking condition with the debug registers at the processor of described single board computer and specifically comprises:
The linear address of the described global variable in the described tracking condition is stored in the debug address register of described debug registers;
Tracking mode in the described tracking condition and numerical value Rule of judgment are stored in the control register of described debug registers, wherein, it is that write operation triggers interruption for the down trigger mode that tracking mode is set, the byte number of the point of interruption is the length of the described global variable of indicating in the described order, the point of interruption is a global interrupt, tracking number of times to each point of interruption comprises a tracking mode and infinitely repeatedly follows the tracks of dual mode, be provided with the numerical value Rule of judgment comprise equal, be not equal to, greater than with less than.
9. global variant exception according to claim 7 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that, triggers single step interrupt response function and specifically comprise to trigger described single step tracking when described global variable is rewritten:
The entry address of revising interrupt vector table is described single step interrupt response function.
10. global variant exception according to claim 1 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that the described breakpoint trace information of writing comprises:
Temporal information is used to write down the time of origin that described global variant exception is rewritten;
The task number sign and the title of described task;
Value and the revised value of described global variant exception before described global variant exception is rewritten;
The contextual information of described task comprises CPU register information and stack information.
11. global variant exception according to claim 1 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that, the described breakpoint trace information of writing is stored in the journal file, by analyzing described journal file to analyze the described breakpoint trace information of writing.
12. global variant exception according to claim 11 is rewritten localization method, it is characterized in that, also comprises: described journal file is stored in the strange land.
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| CN103218219A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2013-07-24 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Compact function trace |
| CN108073489A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-25 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Ensure the method for the operation of calculator |
| CN109189671A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2019-01-11 | 百富计算机技术（深圳）有限公司 | Successively folder forces formula variable localization method, system and terminal device |
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| CN100351785C (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2007-11-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for debuging embedded system and equipment |
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| CN103218219A (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2013-07-24 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Compact function trace |
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| CN110603798A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2019-12-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Resilient consistency high availability in multiple single boards |
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| CN109189671B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2022-02-11 | 百富计算机技术（深圳）有限公司 | Layer-by-layer approximation type variable positioning method and system and terminal equipment |
| CN112882717A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-01 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Label name duplicate checking method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112882717B (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2022-06-28 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Label name duplicate checking method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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